CN1289507C - 新的杀虫活性的吡咯类化合物 - Google Patents
新的杀虫活性的吡咯类化合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1289507C CN1289507C CNB028116119A CN02811611A CN1289507C CN 1289507 C CN1289507 C CN 1289507C CN B028116119 A CNB028116119 A CN B028116119A CN 02811611 A CN02811611 A CN 02811611A CN 1289507 C CN1289507 C CN 1289507C
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D513/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00
- C07D513/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D513/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Zoology (AREA)
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及新的杂环化合物、其制备方法及其用作植物保护剂,尤其是用于防治有害动物的用途。
Description
本发明涉及新的杂环化合物、其制备方法及其用作植物保护剂,尤其是用于防治有害动物的用途。
各种被取代的亚氨基双环化合物,例如6-(2-甲基氨基乙基亚氨基)-2,3,4,8-四氢-6H-噻唑并[3,4-a]嘧啶-盐酸盐作为具有降血压活性的药理活性化合物是已知的。但是,关于它们作为植物保护剂的应用,特别是用于防治有害动物的应用是未知的(参见US-Pat.3,578,666)。
其它被取代的亚氨基-双环化合物,例如5-亚氨基-2,3-二氢-咪唑并[1,2-c]噻唑是已知的(参见US-Pat.3,555,039)。这类结构特定的亚氨基-双环化合物,例如7-苯基-5-亚氨基-2,3-二氢-1H,5H-咪唑并[1,2-c]噻唑-盐酸盐,具有降血压活性和刺激中枢神经系统的活性。但是,关于它们作为植物保护剂的应用,特别是用于防治有害动物的应用是未知的。
现已发现式(I)新的杂环化合物,
其中
A表示各自任选被取代的芳基或者杂芳基或者杂环基,
R1表示氢或者C1-C3-烷基,
R2表示氢、C1-C3-烷基或者各自任选被取代的芳基或者杂芳基,
n表示2、3或者4,
Y表示N-CN或者N-NO2,
Z表示S、SO、SO2或者NR3,和
R3表示氢或者C1-C3-烷基。
此外,发现式(I)化合物可通过式(II)化合物
与合适的氰化试剂(为了得到其中Y表示N-CN的式(I)化合物)或者与合适的硝化试剂(为了得到其中Y表示N-NO2的式(I)化合物)反应得到。
最后,已发现,新的式(I)化合物具有特别突出的生物学特性并特别适合用于防治有害动物,特别是防治在农业、林业、材料的储存和保护以及卫生领域出现的昆虫、螨和线虫。
本发明化合物通过式(I)进行一般定义。
上述和下述结构式中给出的基团的优选的取代基或范围在下面说明:
A优选表示任选被卤素、氰基、硝基、C1-C4-烷基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、C1-C4-烷氧基或者C1-C4-卤代烷氧基取代的苯基。
A此外优选表示吡唑基、1,2,4-三唑基、唑基、异唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、1,2,5-噻二唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基或者嘧啶基,它们任选被氟、氯、溴、氰基、硝基、C1-C2-烷基(其任选被氟和/或氯取代)、C1-C2-烷氧基(其任选被氟和/或氯取代)、C1-C2-烷硫基(其任选被氟和/或氯取代)或者C1-C2-烷基磺酰基(其任选被氟和/或氯取代)取代。
A此外优选表示任选被卤素或者C1-C3-烷基取代的饱和的C5-C6-环烷基,其中一个亚甲基被O或S代替。
R1优选表示氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基或者异丙基。
R2优选表示氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基,表示任选被卤素、氰基、硝基、C1-C4-烷基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、C1-C4-烷氧基或者C1-C4-卤代烷氧基取代的苯基或者表示吡唑基、1,2,4-三唑基、唑基、异唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、1,2,5-噻二唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基或者嘧啶基,它们任选被氟、氯、溴、氰基、硝基、C1-C2-烷基(其任选被氟和/或氯取代)、C1-C2-烷氧基(其任选被氟和/或氯取代)、C1-C2-烷硫基(其任选被氟和/或氯取代)或者C1-C2-烷基磺酰基(其任选被氟和/或氯取代)取代。
n优选表示2、3或者4(尤其表示2或者3)。
Y优选表示N-CN或者N-NO2。
Z优选表示S或者NR3。
R3优选表示氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基或者异丙基。
A特别优选表示噻唑基或者吡啶基,它们各自任选被卤素(特别是氯)或者C1-C3-烷基(特别是甲基)取代。
A此外特别优选表示任选被卤素(特别是氯)或者C1-C3-烷基(特别是甲基)取代的四氢呋喃基。
R1特别优选表示氢或者甲基。
R2特别优选表示氢、甲基,或者表示任选被卤素、氰基或者各自任选被氟或者氯取代的甲基、乙基、甲氧基或者乙氧基取代的苯基或者表示噻唑基、吡啶基或者吡嗪基。
n特别优选表示2或者3。
Y特别优选表示NCN或者NNO2。
Z特别优选表示S或者NR3。
R3特别优选表示氢或者甲基。
A十分特别优选表示下列基团之一
R1十分特别优选表示氢或者甲基,特别是表示氢。
R2十分特别优选表示氢或者甲基。
n十分特别优选表示2或者3。
Y十分特别优选表示NCN。
Y此外十分特别优选表示NNO2。
Z十分特别优选表示S或者NR3。
R3十分特别优选表示氢或者甲基。
在一组特别强调的式(I)化合物中,n表示2。
在另一组特别强调的式(I)化合物中,n表示3。
在另一组特别强调的式(I)化合物中,Y表示N-CN。
在另一组特别强调的式(I)化合物中,Y表示N-NO2。
在另一组特别强调的式(I)化合物中,A表示
在另一组特别强调的式(I)化合物中,A表示
在另一组特别强调的式(I)化合物中,A表示
上述描述的一般的或者在优选范围给出的基团定义或解释适用于终产物和原料以及中间体。这些基团定义可以相互任意组合,即包括各种优选范围之间任意组合。
按照本发明优选上述作为优选给出的含义相互组合的式(I)化合物。
按照本发明特别优选上述作为特别优选给出的含义相互组合的式(I)化合物。
按照本发明十分特别优选上述作为十分特别优选给出的含义相互组合的式(I)化合物。
在上述和下述的基团定义中,烃基如烷基,包括与杂原子连接的烷基,如烷氧基中的烷基,在可能的情况下,可以各为直链或支链的。
如果用例如下式表示的结构A化合物和溴化氰作为原料,那么本发明方法的过程可通过下述反应路线表示:
式(II)化合物是新化合物并且也是本发明的主题。
特别是根据变体Z的含义,可以通过不同的方法制备式(II)化合物。一些式(I)化合物也可按照其它方法制备。
下述反应路线1首先用于说明。
反应路线1
在该反应路线中描述的反应可按已知方法进行。
式(V)化合物可通过与硫化试剂反应转化成式(IV)化合物。
在文献中描述了许多不同的硫化剂,如硫化氢(H2S)、硫化氢/氯化氢(H2S/HCl)、过硫化氢/氯化氢(H2S2/HCl)、二-(二乙基铝)-硫醚[(Et2Al)2S]、聚合的乙基铝硫醚[(EtAlS)n]、二硫化硅(SiS2)、三硫化二硼(B2S3)、五氯化磷/三硫化二铝/硫酸钠(PCl5/Al2S3/Na2SO4)、硫化钠/硫酸(Na2S/H2SO4)、五硫化二磷(P2S5)、五硫化二磷/吡啶(P2S5/Py)、二乙基硫代氨基甲酰氯、五硫化二磷/三乙胺(P2S5/NEt3)、五硫化二磷/正丁基锂(P2S5/n-BuLi)、五硫化二磷/碳酸氢钠(P2S5/NaHCO3;“Scheeren′s试剂”,生成Na2+[P4S10O]2-)、五硫化二磷/甲醇(P2S5/MeOH)、SCN-CO-OEt,PSClx·(NMe2)3-x(X=0-3)、二(三环己基锡)硫化物/三卤化硼[(C6H11)3Sn]S2+BX3(X=Cl,F),EP 0280867(1988)、二(1,5-环辛二基硼烷基)硫醚[(9-BBN)2S]作为硫化试剂或作为五硫化二磷替代物的2,4-二-(甲硫基)-1,3,2,4-二硫杂二磷杂环己烷-2,4-二硫化物“Davy-试剂甲基”(DR-Me)、2,4-二-(乙硫基)-1,3,2,4-二硫杂二磷杂环己烷-2,4-二硫化物“Davy-试剂乙基”(DR-Et)、2,4-二-(对甲苯硫基)-1,3,2,4二硫杂二磷杂环己烷-2,4--二硫化物“Davy-试剂对甲苯基或Heimgartner试剂”(DR-T)、2,4-二-(4-苯氧基苯基)-2,4-二硫代-1,3,2,4-二硫杂二磷杂环己烷“Belleau′s试剂(BR)”、2,4-二-(4-苯硫基苯基)-2,4-二硫代-1,3,2,4-二硫杂二磷杂环己烷、2,4-二-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2,4-二硫代-1,3,2,4-二硫杂二磷杂环己烷“Lawesson′s试剂(LR)”(参见Davy-试剂:H.Heimgartner等,Helv.Chim.Acta 70,1987,第1001页;Belleau′s试剂:Tetrahedron 40,1984,第2047页;Tetrahedron40,1984,第2663页;Tetrahedron Letters 24,1983,第3815页;I.Thomson等,Org.Synth.62,1984,第158页以及其中所引用的文献;D.Brillon Synthetic Commun.20(19),1990,第3085页以及其中所引用的文献;寡肽的选择性硫代:K.Clausen等,J.Chem.Soc.,Perkin Trans I 1984,785;O.E.Jensen等,Tetrahedron 41,1985,第5595页;关于“Lawesson′s试剂,(LR)”的综述:R.A.Cherkasov等,Tetrahedron 41,1985,第2567页;M.P.Cava等,Tetrahedron 41,1985,第5061页;二硼烷基硫醚:Liebigs Ann.Chem.1992,第1081页以及其中所引用的文献;Metzner等在Sulfur Reagents in Organic Synthesis,B.Harcourt:London1994,Academic Press,第44-45页)。
另外,也可以是反应进程,如用R3O+BF4 -(R:甲基、乙基)进行O-烷基化(H.Meerwein等,Justus Liebigs Ann.Chem.641,(1961)第1页),然后使中间体与无水NaSH(R.E.Eibeck,Inorg.Syn.7,(1963)第128页)反应,其就地生成氯亚胺盐并随后与四硫代钼酸盐,特别是苄基三乙基铵四钼酸盐[(Ph-CH2-NEt3)2MoS4](TetrahedronLett.36(45),1995,第8311页)或六甲基二硅硫醚(TMS2S)(TMS:三甲基甲硅烷基;P.L.Fuchs等,J.Org.Chem.59,1994,第348页)。
进行硫化优选应用磷试剂如五硫化二磷(P2S5)、五硫化二磷/吡啶(P2S5/Py)、五硫化二磷/三乙胺(P2S5/NEt3)、五硫化二磷/碳酸氢钠(P2S5/NaHCO3“Scheeren′s试剂”)或特别优选不外消旋化的2,4-二-(4-甲氧基苯基)-2,4-二硫代-1,3,2,4-二硫杂二磷杂环己烷(LR:Lawesson′s试剂)(K.Clausen,M.Thorsen,S.-O.LawessonTetrahedron 37,1981,第3635页)2,4-二-(4-苯氧基苯基)-2,4-二硫代-1,3,2,4-二硫杂二磷杂环己烷“Belleau′s试剂(BR)”或2,4-二-(4-苯硫基苯基)-2,4-二硫代-1,3,2,4-二硫杂二磷杂环己烷作为硫化剂。
一般地,该方法在稀释剂存在下进行有利。稀释剂的加量有利地使在整个过程中反应混合物可很好地搅拌。用于实施本发明方法的稀释剂包括所有惰性有机溶剂。
作为举例可提及:卤代烃类,尤其是氯代烃类,如四氯乙烯、四氯乙烷、二氯丙烷、二氯甲烷、二氯丁烷、氯仿、四氯化碳、三氯乙烷、三氯乙烯、五氯乙烷、二氟苯、1,2-二氯乙烷、氯苯、溴苯、二氯苯、氯甲苯、三氯苯;醇类如甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丁醇;醚类如乙基丙基醚、甲基-叔丁基醚、甲基正丁基醚、苯甲醚、苯乙醚、环己基甲基醚、二甲基醚、二乙基醚、二丙基醚、二异丙基醚、二正丁基醚、二异丁基醚、二异戊基醚、乙二醇二甲基醚、四氢呋喃、二烷、二氯二乙基醚和环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷的聚醚:胺类如三甲基胺、三乙基胺、三丙基胺、三丁基胺、N-甲基-吗啉、吡啶和四亚甲基二胺、硝化的烃类如硝基甲烷、硝基乙烷、硝基丙烷、硝基苯、氯硝基苯、邻硝基甲苯;腈类如乙腈、丙腈、丁腈、异丁腈、苄腈、间氯苄腈以及化合物如四氢噻吩二氧化物和二甲基亚砜、四亚甲基亚砜、二丙基亚砜、苄基甲基亚砜、二异丁基亚砜、二丁基亚砜、二异戊基亚砜;砜类如二甲基砜、二乙基砜、二丙基砜、二丁基砜、二苯基砜、二己基砜、甲基乙基砜、乙基丙基砜、乙基异丁基砜和五亚甲基砜;脂族、环脂族或芳族烃如戊烷、己烷、庚烷、辛烷、壬烷和工业烃类如所谓的具有沸点例如40℃至250℃石油溶剂、甲基异丙基苯、沸点范围为70℃至190℃的石油馏份、环己烷、甲基环己烷、石油醚、挥发油、辛烷、苯、甲苯、氯苯、溴苯、硝基苯、二甲苯;酯类如乙酸甲基酯、乙酸乙基酯、乙酸丁基酯、乙酸异丁基酯、以及碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二丁酯、碳酸亚乙基酯;酰胺类如六甲基磷三酰胺、甲酰胺、N-甲基-甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二丙基甲酰胺、N,N-二丁基甲酰胺、N-甲基-吡咯烷、N-甲基-己内酰胺、1,3-二甲基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2(1H)-嘧啶、辛基吡咯烷酮、辛基己内酰胺、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑烷酮、N-甲酰基-哌啶、N,N′-1,4-二甲酰基哌嗪;酮类如丙酮、苯乙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基丁基酮。
当然,本发明方法也可在上述溶剂或稀释剂的混合物中进行。
所用稀释剂的量取决于在各种情况下所用的硫化剂。
但是,用于硫化优选的稀释剂是芳族烃如苯、甲苯、氯苯、溴苯、硝基苯或二甲苯,醚类如乙基丙基醚、甲基-叔丁基醚、苯甲醚、苯乙醚、环己基甲基醚、四氢呋喃或二烷。
可通过与HgCl2/(C2H5)3N/H2NCN反应将式(IV)化合物直接转化成其中Y表示CN的式(I)化合物(参见Can.J.Chem.1985,63,3089以及J.Med.Chem.1988,31,264)。
此外,通过用氨在汞盐存在下氨解,通过与氨的醇溶液加热或者通过与氨水在合适氧化剂如叔丁基氢过氧化物(TBHP)存在下加热可将式(IV)化合物转化成式(II)化合物(参见M.G.Bock等,J.Med.Chem.1988,31,264-268;N.W.Jacobsen等,Aust.J.Chem.1987,40,491-499;T.Lindel等,Tetrahedron Lett.1997,38,(52),8935-8938)。
式(IV)化合物(Z=NH)与烷基碘化物在碱存在下的反应生成式(III)化合物(对此,参见下述文献:T.Lindel等,TertrahedronLett.1997,38,(52),8935-8938;M.G.Bock等,J.Med.Chem.1988,31,264-268)。在式(III)化合物中,R例如表示烷基,优选表示甲基或乙基。式(III)化合物本身可按原则上已知的方式通过与氨/氯化铵的混合物反应转化成式(II)化合物(参见T.Lindel等,Tertrahedron Lett.1997,38,(52),8935-8938)。
式(II)化合物与氰化试剂或硝化试剂反应生成式(I)化合物。
合适的氰化试剂包括例如溴化氰(BrCN)。该反应按通常已知的方式进行(参见US 4098791和DE 2916140)。
硝化可按照已知方法进行,如Houben-Weyl,Methoden derOrganischen Chemie,Band XI/2(Georg Thieme Verlag-Stuttgart1958),第99-116页所述。硝化试剂可提及发烟或100%浓度的硝酸(无水硝酸的制备参见F.D.Chattaway,Soc.97,2100(1910),任选在硫酸存在下进行(W.J.Middleton等,J.Heterocycl.Chem.7,1045-1049(1970);L.W.Deady等,Aust.J.Chem.35(10),2025-2034(1982);EP 0192060)或应用硝酸酯、硝酸乙酰基酯或四氟硼酸硝。优选按已知方式实施与硝酸酰基酯的反应。
式(V)化合物
其中
A、Z、n、R1和R2具有上述含义,
例如通过式(VI)的化合物
其中
A和R1具有上述含义,
E表示离去基团,例如Cl,
与式(VII)化合物
其中
R2,n和z具有上述含义,在稀释剂如N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮或者乙腈存在下和在酸结合剂存在下于0℃至+200℃,优选20℃至+150℃温度下反应。
在本发明方法中,作为酸结合剂可应用所有用于这类反应的常规的酸结合剂。可优选应用碱土-或碱金属氢化物,如氢化锂、氢化钠、氢化钾、氢化钙,碱土-或碱金属氢氧化物,如氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾和氢氧化钙,碱金属和碱土金属碳酸盐和碳酸氢盐,如碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钠、碳酸氢钾以及碳酸钙,碱金属乙酸盐,如乙酸钠、乙酸钾,碱金属醇盐,如甲醇钠、甲醇钾、乙醇钠、乙醇钾、丙醇钠、丙醇钾、异丙醇钠、异丙醇钾、丁醇钠、丁醇钾、异丁醇钠、异丁醇钾以及叔丁醇钠、叔丁醇钾,以及碱性氮化合物,如三甲基胺、三乙基胺、三丙基胺、三丁基胺、二异丁基胺、二环己基胺、乙基二异丙基胺、乙基二环己基胺、N,N-二甲基苄基胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺、吡啶、2-甲基吡啶、3-甲基吡啶、4-甲基吡啶、2,4-二甲基吡啶、2,6-二甲基吡啶、2-乙基吡啶、4-乙基吡啶和5-乙基-2-甲基吡啶、1,5-二氮杂二环-[4,3,0]-壬-5-烯(DBN)、1,8-二氮杂二环-[5,4,0]-十一碳-7-烯(DBU)和1,4-二氮杂二环-[2,2,2]-辛烷(DABCO)。
Z=S的式(VII)化合物可通过例如由式(VIII)化合物(参见R.C.F.Jones,J.R.Nichols,Tetrahedron Lett.31(12),1771-1774,1990)按照下述路线制备(参见US-Pat.3,555,039)。
其中
R2具有上述含义,和
M表示一价阳离子,例如Na或者K。
式(IIIa)化合物
其中
A、R1和R2具有上述含义,和
R′表示烷基,优选甲基或者乙基
例如通过如下得到
式(IVa)化合物
其中
A、R1和R2具有上述含义,先与烷基卤化物,优选烷基碘化物,特别是碘甲烷或者碘乙烷,在稀释剂如丙酮存在下反应,然后用碱如碳酸钠在稀释剂如丙酮存在下反应游离出式(IIIa)的终产物。
也可将式(III)化合物直接转化成其中Y表示CN的式(I)化合物。合适的方法例如公开于JP 7126483和Arch.Pharm.303(8),625-633(1970)中,将其引入本申请作为参考。
式(I)化合物也可按照下述反应路线制备(参见制备实施例):
其中Z表示SO或者SO2的式(I)化合物可通过其中Z表示S的式(I)化合物按照已知方法氧化得到,例如用合适的氧化剂,如过氧化物,例如过氧化氢、叔丁基过氧化物,有机和无机过氧化物或其盐,如3-氯过苯甲酸、过乙酸、过甲酸、二苯甲酰基过氧化物、高锰酸盐(Permangat),或者用过氧单硫酸钾、2 KHSO5、KHSO4和溶剂或者溶剂混合物(例如水、乙酸、甲醇二氯甲烷)的混合物。所述过氧化物也可就地由其它过氧化物制备,例如过乙酸由乙酸和过氧化氢制备(也参见A.R.Katritzky,C.W.Reesin Comprehensive HeterocyclicChemistry,Pergamon Press,Oxford,New York,1984,第3卷,第96页;O.J.Brown等,Chem.Soc.(C),1971,第256页)。
所述氧化反应也可经合适的催化剂引发或加速。
所述活性化合物适于防治动物害虫,特别是在农业、林业、储藏产品和材料的保护,以及卫生领域中发生的昆虫、蜘蛛类动物和线虫,同时具有很好的植物耐受性以及对恒温动物的可接受的毒性。它们可优选用作植物保护剂。它们对正常敏感和抗性种类以及对所有或某些发育阶段都具有活性。上述害虫包括:
等足目,例如,潮虫(Oniscus asellus)、平甲虫、鼠妇。
倍足目,例如,具斑马陆。
唇足目,例如,食果地蜈蚣、蚰蜒属。
综合目,例如,庭园么蚰。
缨尾目,例如,台湾衣鱼。
弹尾目,例如,武装棘跳虫。
直翅目,例如,家蟋蟀、蝼蛄属、非洲飞蝗、黑蝗属、沙漠蝗。
蜚蠊目,例如,东方蜚蠊、美洲大蠊、马得拉蜚蠊、德国小蠊。
革翅目,例如,欧洲球螋。
等翅目,例如,散白蚁属。
虱目,例如,体虱、血虱属、颚虱属、嚼虱属、畜虱属。
缨翅目,例如,温室条蓟马、烟蓟马、棕榈蓟马、苜蓿蓟马。
异翅亚目,例如,扁盾蝽属、棉红蝽(Dysdercus intermedius)、方背皮蝽、温带臭虫、长红猎蝽、椎猎蝽属。
同翅目,例如,甘蓝粉虱、甘薯粉虱、温室白粉虱、棉蚜、甘蓝蚜、茶藨隐瘤蚜、豆卫矛蚜、苹果蚜、苹果绵蚜、桃大尾蚜、葡萄根瘤蚜、瘿绵蚜属、麦长管蚜、瘤蚜属、忽布疣蚜、禾谷缢管蚜、绿小叶蝉属、殃叶蝉(Euscelis bilobatus)、黑尾叶蝉、欧果坚球蚧、榄珠蜡蚧、灰飞虱、褐飞虱、红肾圆盾蚧、常春藤圆盾蚧、粉蚧属、木虱属。
鳞翅目,例如,棉红铃虫、松粉蝶尺蛾、果园秋尺蛾、潜叶细蛾(lithocolletis blancardella)、苹果巢蛾、小菜蛾、黄褐天幕毛虫、黄毒蛾、毒蛾属、棉潜蛾(Bucculatrix thurberiella)、柑橘潜叶蛾、地夜蛾属、切夜蛾属、脏切夜蛾、埃及钻夜蛾、实夜蛾属、甘蓝夜蛾、小眼夜蛾、灰翅夜蛾属、粉纹夜蛾、苹果蠹蛾、粉蝶属、禾草螟属、玉米螟、地中海粉斑螟、蜡螟、幕谷蛾、袋谷蛾、褐织蛾、黄尾卷叶蛾、烟卷蛾(Capua reticulana)、云杉色卷蛾、葡萄果蠹蛾、茶长卷蛾、栎绿卷蛾、Cnaphalocerus属、水稻负泥虫。
鞘翅目,例如,家具窃蠹、谷蠹、豆象(Bruchidius obtectus)、菜豆象、北美家天牛、蓝毛臀萤叶甲、马铃薯叶甲、辣根猿叶甲、条叶甲属、油菜金头跳甲、墨西哥豆瓢虫、隐食甲属、锯谷盗、花象属、米象属、葡萄黑耳喙象、香蕉根颈象、种子象、紫苜蓿叶象、皮蠹属、斑皮蠹属、圆皮蠹属、毛皮蠹属、粉蠹属、油菜花露尾甲、蛛甲属、黄蛛甲、麦蛛甲、拟谷盗属、黄粉甲、叩甲属、宽胸叩甲属、五月鳃金龟、马铃薯鳃金龟、褐新西兰肋翅鳃角金龟、稻水象。
膜翅目,例如,松叶蜂属、实叶蜂属、毛蚁属、小家蚁、胡蜂属。
双翅目,例如,伊蚊属、按蚊属、库蚊属、黄猩猩果蝇、家蝇属、厕蝇属、红头丽蝇、绿蝇属、金蝇属、疽蝇属、胃蝇属、虱蝇属、螫蝇属、狂蝇属、皮蝇属、虻属、螗蜩属(Tannia spp.)、花园毛蚊、瑞典麦杆蝇、草种蝇属、菠菜泉蝇、地中海实蝇、油橄榄果实蝇、沼泽大蚊、种蝇属、斑潜蝇属。
蚤目,例如,印鼠客蚤、角叶蚤属。
蛛形纲,例如,蝎(Scorpio maurus)、红斑蛛、粗脚粉螨、锐缘蜱属、纯缘蜱属、鸡皮刺螨、兔瘿螨、柑橘皱叶刺瘿螨、牛蜱属、扇头蜱属、花蜱属、璃眼蜱属、硬蜱属、瘙螨属、痒螨属、疥螨属、跗线螨属、苜蓿苔螨、全爪螨属、叶螨属、半跗线螨属、短须螨属。
植物寄生线虫包括,例如短体线虫属、相似穿孔线虫、起绒草茎线虫、半穿刺线虫、异皮属、球异皮属、根结属、滑刃线虫属、长针线虫属、剑线属、毛刺属、伞滑刃线虫属。
本发明的式(I)化合物特别是对刺吸口器害虫具有突出的活性。
本发明化合物在一定的浓度或用量下还可任选用作除草剂和杀微生物剂,例如用作杀真菌剂、抗霉菌剂和杀细菌剂。如需要,还可以作为合成其它活性化合物的中间体或前体。
根据本发明,可以处理所有植物和植物各部分。此处植物可以理解为所有植物以及植物群落如需要和不需要的野生植物或农作物(包括自然长出的农作物)。农作物可以是通过常规植物育种和优化方法或通过生物技术和重组方法或上述方法的结合获得的植物,包括转基因植物以及包括可获得或不能获得植物品种保护的植物品种,植物的各部分应理解为植物的所有地上和地下部分以及器官,如茎、叶、花和根,可提及的实例为叶片、针叶、叶柄、树干、花、子实体、果实、种子、根、块茎和根状茎。植物各部分还包括收获材料以及无性和有性繁殖材料,例如插条、块茎、根状茎、压枝和种子。
采用活性化合物进行植物和植物各部分的本发明处理方法是通过常规处理方法直接施用或将化合物作用于它们的环境、栖息地或贮藏区进行处理,例如浸渍、喷雾、熏蒸、弥雾、撒播、刷涂以及在繁殖材料特别是种子的情况下还可以进行一层或多层包衣。
所述活性化合物可被转化成为常规制剂如溶液剂、乳剂、可湿性粉剂、悬浮剂、粉剂、细粉剂、糊剂、可溶性粉剂、颗粒剂、浓悬浮乳剂、用活性化合物浸渍的天然和合成材料以及聚合物包封的微胶囊剂。
这些制剂是以已知方法制备的,例如通过将活性化合物与增量剂,即液体溶剂和/或固体载体混合而生产,制剂中任选使用表面活性剂,即乳化剂和/或分散剂和/或发泡剂。
在使用水作为填充剂的情况下,例如,也可使用有机溶剂作为助溶剂。适合的液体溶剂主要有:芳香烃类,如二甲苯、甲苯或烷基萘;氯代芳烃类或氯代脂肪烃类,如氯苯、氯乙烯或二氯甲烷;脂肪烃类,如环己烷或链烷烃,例如石油馏份、矿物油和植物油;醇类,如丁醇或乙二醇及其醚和酯类,酮类,如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮或环己酮;强极性溶剂,如二甲基甲酰胺和二甲基亚砜,以及水。
适合的固体载体有:
例如,铵盐和天然矿物粉末,如高岭土、粘土、滑石、白垩、石英、硅镁土、蒙脱土或硅藻土,和合成矿物粉末,如高分散二氧化硅、氧化铝和硅酸盐;适合颗粒剂的固体载体有:例如,粉碎和分级的天然岩石,如方解石、大理石、浮石、海泡石和白云石,以及合成的无机和有机粉末颗粒,以及有机材料的颗粒如锯末、坚果壳、玉米穗茎和烟草茎;
适合的乳化剂和/或发泡剂有:例如非离子和阴离子乳化剂,如聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯脂肪醇醚,例如烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚、烷基磺酸盐、烷基硫酸盐、芳基磺酸盐以及蛋白水解产物;
适合的分散剂有:例如木素亚硫酸废液和甲基纤维素。
在制剂中还可使用粘着剂如羧甲基纤维素和粉末、颗粒或胶乳状的天然或合成聚合物,如阿拉伯树胶、聚乙烯醇和聚乙酸乙烯酯,以及天然磷脂如脑磷脂和卵磷脂和合成磷脂。其它添加剂可以是矿物油和植物油。
可以使用着色剂如无机颜料,例如氧化铁、氧化钛和普鲁士兰,和有机染料,如茜素染料、偶氮染料和金属酞菁染料,和痕量营养物如铁、锰、硼、铜、钴、钼和锌的盐。
制剂中通常含有按重量计0.1-95%,优选0.5-90%的活性化合物。
本发明活性化合物可以其市售通用制剂和从上述制剂制备的应用形式,与其它活性化合物的混合物的形式存在,其它活性化合物如杀虫剂、引诱剂、消毒剂、杀细菌剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂、杀真菌剂、植物生长调节剂或除草剂。杀虫剂包括,例如磷酸酯类、氨基甲酸酯类、羧酸酯类、卤代烃类、苯基脲类和从微生物中生产的物质等。
特别令人满意的混合组分的实例如下:
杀真菌剂:
Aldimorph,氨丙膦酸、氨丙膦酸钾、Andoprim、敌菌灵、戊环唑、腈嘧菌酯,
苯霜灵、麦锈灵、苯菌灵、苄烯酸、苄烯酸-异丁酯、双丙氨酰膦、乐杀螨、联苯、双苯三唑醇、灭瘟素、糠菌素、磺嘧菌灵、粉病定,
石硫合剂、Capsimycin、敌菌丹、克菌丹、多菌灵、萎锈灵、Carvon、灭螨锰、灭瘟唑、苯咪唑菌、地茂散、氯化苦、百菌清、乙菌利、Clozylacon、硫杂灵、清菌脲、环唑醇、环丙嘧啶、酯菌胺,
双乙氧咪唑威、双氯酚、苄氯三唑醇、Diclofluanid、哒菌清、氯硝胺、乙霉威、醚唑、甲菌定、烯酰吗啉、烯唑醇、烯唑醇-M、敌螨普、二苯胺、吡菌硫、灭菌磷、二噻农、吗菌灵、多果定、敌菌酮,
克瘟散、氧唑菌、乙环唑、乙菌定、氯唑灵,
唑酮菌、菌拿灵、异嘧菌醇、腈苯唑、呋菌胺、种衣酯、拌种咯、苯锈定、丁苯吗啉、薯瘟锡、毒菌锡、福美铁、嘧菌腙、氟定胺、氟联苯菌(Flumetover)、氟菌安、喹唑菌酮、调嘧醇、氟硅唑,磺菌胺、氟酰胺、粉唑胺、灭菌丹、藻菌磷(Fosetyl-Aluminium)、藻菌磷(Fosetyl-Natrium)、四氯苯酞、麦穗宁、呋氨丙灵、呋吡唑灵、灭菌安(Furcarbonil)、呋菌唑、呋醚唑、拌种胺、双胍盐、六氯苯、己唑醇、霉灵,
烯菌灵、酰胺唑、双胍辛(Iminoctadin)、双胍辛对十二烷基苯磺酸盐(Iminoctadinealbesilate)、双胍辛醋酸盐、Iodocarb、环戊唑醇、异稻瘟腈(IBP)、异丙定、Irumamycin、富士一号、氯苯咪菌酮,
春雷霉素、亚胺菌、铜制品,如,氢氧化铜、环烷酸铜、氯氧化铜、硫酸铜、氧化铜、喹啉铜、和碱式硫酸铜混合物,
锰铜混剂、代森锰锌、代森锰、Meferimzone、嘧菌胺、丙氧灭锈胺、甲霜灵、环戊唑菌、磺菌成、甲呋菌胺、代森联、苯吡洛菌(Metomeclam)、噻菌胺、米多霉素、腈菌唑、甲菌利,
福美镍、异丙消、氟苯嘧啶醇,
甲呋酰胺、霜灵、Oxamocarb、喹菌酮、氧化萎锈灵(Oxycarboxim)、Oxyfenthiin,
多效唑、稻瘟酯、戊菌唑、戊菌隆、双氯苯磷、多马霉素、粉病灵、多氧霉素、Ployoxorim、噻菌灵、丙氯灵、杀菌利、百维灵、Propanosine-Natrium、丙环唑、甲基代森锌、定菌磷、啶斑肟、二甲嘧菌胺、咯喹酮、氯吡呋醚,
唑喹菌酮、五氯硝基苯(PCNB),
硫和硫制剂,
戊唑醇、叶枯酞、四氯硝基苯、调环烯、氟醚唑、涕必灵、噻菌腈、溴氟唑菌、甲基托布津、福美双、硫氰苯甲酰胺、甲基立枯磷、对甲抑菌灵、三唑酮、菌唑醇、叶锈特、唑菌嗪、杨菌胺、三环唑、克啉菌、氟菌唑、嗪氨灵、戊叉唑菌,
烯效唑,
有效霉素、烯菌酮、烯霜苄唑,
氰菌胺、代森锌、福美锌以及
咪草酯G、OK-8705、OK-8801,
α-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-β-(2-苯氧基乙基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-乙醇,
α-(2,4-二氯苯基)-β-氟-b-丙基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-乙醇,
α-(2,4-二氯苯基)-β-甲氧基-a-甲基-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-乙醇,
α-(5-甲基-1,3-二烷-5-基)-β-[[4-(三氟甲基)-苯基]-亚甲基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-乙醇,
(5RS,6RS)-6-羟基-2,2,7,7-四甲基-5-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-3-辛酮,
(E)-α-(甲氧基亚氨基)-N-甲基-2-苯氧基-苯基乙酰胺,
{2-甲基-1-[[[1-(4-甲基苯基)-乙基]-氨基]-羰基]-丙基}-氨基甲酸-1-异丙基酯,
1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-乙酮-O-(苯基甲基)-肟,
1-(2-甲基-1-萘基)-1H-吡咯-2,5-二酮,
1-(3,5-二氯苯基)-3-(2-丙烯基)-2,5-吡咯烷二酮,
1-[(二碘甲基)-磺酰基]-4-甲基-苯,
1-[[2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基]-甲基]-1H-咪唑,
1-[[2-(4-氯苯基)-3-苯基环氧乙烷基]-甲基]-1H-1,2,4-三唑,
1-[1-[2-[(2,4-二氯苯基)-甲氧基]-苯基]-乙烯基]-1H-咪唑,
1-甲基-5-壬基-2-(苯基甲基)-3-吡咯烷醇(pyrrolidinol),
2′,6′-二溴-2-甲基-4′-三氟甲氧基-4′-三氟甲基-1,3-噻唑-5-甲酰苯胺(carboxanilid),
2,2-二氯-N-[1-(4-氯苯基)-乙基]-1-乙基-3-甲基环丙烷甲酰胺,
2,6-二氯-5-(甲基硫基)-4-嘧啶基硫氰酸酯,
2,6-二氯-N-(4-三氟甲基苄基)-苯甲酰胺,
2,6-二氯-N-[[4-(三氟甲基)-苯基]-甲基]-苯甲酰胺,
2-(2,3,3-三碘-2-丙烯基)-2H-四唑,
2-[(1-甲基乙基)-磺酰基]-5-(三氯甲基)-1,3,4-噻二唑,
2-[[6-去氧-4-O-(4-O-甲基-β-3-D-吡喃葡糖苷基)-a-D-吡喃葡糖基]-氨基]-4-甲氧基-1H-吡咯并[2,3-d]嘧啶-5-腈,
2-氨基丁烷,
2-溴-2-(溴甲基)-戊烷二腈,
2-氯-N-(2,3-二氢-1,1,3-三甲基-1H-茚-4-基)-3-吡啶甲酰胺
2-氯-N-(2,6-二甲基苯基-N-(异硫氰酸根合甲基)-乙酰胺,
2-苯基苯酚(OPP),
3,4-二氯-1-[4-(二氟甲氧基)-苯基]-1H-吡咯-2,5-二酮,
3,5-二氯-N-[氰基[(1-甲基-2-丙炔基)-氧基]-甲基]-苯甲酰胺,
3-(1,1-二甲基丙基-1-氧代-1H-茚-2-腈,
3-[2-(4-氯苯基)-5-乙氧基-3-异唑烷基]-吡啶,
4-氯-2-氰基-N,N-二甲基-5-(4-甲基苯基)-1H-咪唑-1-磺酰胺,
4-甲基-四唑并[1,5-a]喹唑啉-5(4H)-酮,
8-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-N-乙基-N-丙基-1,4-二氧杂螺[4.5]癸烷-2-甲胺,
8-羟基喹啉硫酸盐,
9H-呫吨-9-甲酸-2-[(苯基氨基)-羰基]-酰肼,
双-(1-甲基乙基)-3-甲基-4-[(3-甲基苯甲酰基)-氧基]-2,5-噻吩二甲酸酯,
顺-1-(4-氯苯基)-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-环庚醇,
顺-4-[3-[4-(1,1-二甲基丙基)-苯基-2-甲基丙基]-2,6-二甲基-吗啉盐酸盐,
[(4-氯苯基)-偶氮]-氰基乙酸乙酯,
碳酸氢钾,
甲烷四硫醇钠盐,
1-(2,3-二氢-2,2-二甲基-1H-茚-1-基)-1H-咪唑-5-甲酸甲酯,
N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-N-(5-异唑基羰基)-DL-丙氨酸甲酯,
N-(氯乙酰基)-N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-DL-丙氨酸甲酯,
N-(2,3-二氯-4-羟基苯基)-1-甲基-环己烷甲酰胺,
N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-2-甲氧基-N-(四氢-2-氧代-3-呋喃基)-乙酰胺,
N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-2-甲氧基-N-(四氢-2-氧代-3-噻吩基)-乙酰胺,
N-(2-氯-4-硝基苯基)-4-甲基-3-硝基-苯磺酰胺,
N-(4-环己基苯基)-1,4,5,6-四氢-2-嘧啶胺,
N-(4-己基苯基)-1,4,5,6-四氢-2-嘧啶胺,
N-(5-氯-2-甲基苯基)-2-甲氧基-N-(2-氧代-3-唑烷基)-乙酰胺,
N-(6-甲氧基)-3-吡啶基)-环丙烷甲酰胺,
N-[2,2,2-三氯-1-[(氯乙酰基)-氨基]-乙基]-苯甲酰胺,
N-[3-氯-4,5-双(2-丙炔基氧基)-苯基]-N′-甲氧基-甲亚氨酰胺(methanimidamid),
N-甲酰基-N-羟基-DL-丙氨酸-钠盐,
O,O-二乙基-[2-(二丙基氨基)-2-氧代乙基]-乙基硫代氨基磷酸酯(ethylphosphoramidothioat)
O-甲基-S-苯基-苯基丙基硫代氨基磷酸酯,
1,2,3-苯并噻二唑-7-硫代羟酸S-甲酯,
螺[2H]-1-苯并吡喃-2,1′(3′H)-异苯并呋喃]-3′-酮,
杀菌剂:
溴硝丙二醇、双氯酚、氯定、福美镍、春雷霉素、异噻菌酮、呋喃甲酸、土霉素、噻菌灵、链霉素、叶枯酞、硫酸铜和其它铜制剂。
杀虫剂/杀螨剂/杀线虫剂:
阿维菌素、乙酰甲胺磷、啶虫脒、氟丙菊酯、棉铃威、涕灭威、涕灭砜威、甲体氯氰菊酯(Alphacypermethrin)、甲体氯氰菊酯(Alphamethrin)、双甲脒、齐墩螨素、AZ 60541、艾扎丁、甲基吡磷、谷硫磷A、谷硫磷M、三唑锡,
波林杆菌芽孢、Bacillus sphaericus、柯敌克菌、苏金杆菌、Baculoviruses、Beauveria bassiana、Beauveria tenella、虫威、丙硫克百威、杀虫磺、苯螨特、β-氟氯氰菊酯、联苯肼酯、联苯菊酯、Bioethanomethrin、生物氯菊酯、BPMC、溴硫磷A、合杀威、噻嗪酮、特嘧硫磷、丁酮威、丁基哒螨灵(Butylpyridaben)、
硫线磷、甲萘威、克百威、三硫磷、丁硫克百威、杀螟丹、Chloethocarb、氯氧磷、氟唑虫清、毒虫畏、氟啶脲、氯甲硫磷、毒死蜱、毒死蜱M、Chlovaporthrin、顺式灭虫菊(Cis-Resmethrin)、Cispermethrin、Clocythrin、除线威、四螨嗪、杀螟腈、Cycloprene、乙氰菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯、三环锡、氯氰菊酯、灭蝇胺,
溴氰菊酯、内吸磷M、内吸磷S、甲基内吸磷、丁醚脲、二嗪磷、敌敌畏、氟脲杀、乐果、甲基毒虫畏、苯虫醚、乙拌磷、碘酰丁二辛、苯氧炔螨、
Eflusilanate、Emamectin、右旋烯炔菊酯、硫丹、Entomopfthoraspp.、Eprinomecin、高氰戊菊酯、苯虫威、乙硫磷、灭克磷、醚菊酯、特苯唑、氧嘧啶磷,
克线磷、喹螨醚、杀螨锡、杀螟硫磷、苯硫威、Fenoxacrim、双氧威、甲氰菊酯、Fenpyrad、Fenpyrithrin、唑螨酯、杀灭菊酯、锐劲特、氟啶胺、氟啶蜱脲、Flubrocythrinate、氟螨脲、氟氰戊菊酯、氟虫脲、Flutenzine、氟胺氰菊酯、地虫磷、丁苯硫磷、噻唑酮磷、Fubfenprox、呋线威,
颗粒层增殖病毒,
特丁苯酰肼、HCH、庚虫磷、氟铃脲、噻螨酮、烯虫乙酯,
吡虫啉、氯唑磷、丙胺磷、异唑磷、齐墩螨素,
核多角体病毒,
氯氟氰菊酯、氟丙氧脲,
马拉硫磷、灭蚜磷、四聚乙醛、甲胺磷、Metharhiziumanisopliae、Metharhizium flavoviride、杀扑磷、灭虫威、灭多虫、甲氧苯酰肼、速灭成、虫酮、速灭磷、米尔螨素、久效磷,
二溴磷、硝胺烯啶、硝虫噻嗪、双苯氟脲,
氧乐果、甲胺叉威、砜吸磷,
Paecilomyces fumosoroseus、对硫磷A、甲基对硫磷、氯菊酯、稻丰散、甲拌磷、伏杀磷、亚胺硫磷、磷胺、辛硫磷、抗蚜威、虫螨磷A、甲基虫螨磷、丙溴磷、猛杀威、残杀威、丙硫磷、发果、拒嗪酮、吡唑硫磷、反灭虫菊、除虫菊、哒螨酮、pyridathion、嘧胺苯醚、蚊蝇醚,
喹磷,
Ribavirin,
杀抗松、硫线磷、Selamectin、灭虫硅醚、艾克敌、治螟磷、乙丙硫磷,
氟胺氰菊酯、双苯酰肼、吡螨胺、嘧丙磷(Tebupirimiphos)、氟虫隆、七氟菊酯、双硫磷、灭虫威、特丁磷、杀虫威、辛体氯氰菊酯、Thiamethoxam、蛾蝇腈、Thiatriphos、硫环杀、硫双威、久效威、敌贝特、溴氯氰菊酯、四溴菊酯、苯螨噻、唑蚜威、三唑磷、Triazuron、Trichlophenidine、敌百虫、杀虫隆、混杀威,
蚜灭多、氟吡唑虫、麦柯特尔,
YI 5302,
Zeta-cypermethrin、Zolaprofos,
2,2-二甲基环丙烷甲酸(1R-顺)-[5-(苯基甲基)-3-呋喃基]-甲基-3-[(二氢-2-氧代-3(2H)呋喃亚基)-甲基]酯,
2,2,3,3-四甲基环丙烷甲酸[(3-苯氧基苯基)-甲基]酯,
1-[(2-氯-5-噻唑基)甲基]四氢-3,5-二甲基-N-硝基-1,3,5-三嗪-2(1H)-亚胺,
2-(2-氯-6-氟苯基)-4-[4-(1,1-二甲基乙基)苯基]-4,5-二氢-唑,
2-(乙酰基氧基)-3-十二烷基-1,4-萘二酮,
2-氯-N-[[[4-(1-苯基乙氧基)-苯基]-氨基]-羰基]-苯甲酰胺,
2-氯-N-[[[4-(2,2-二氯-1,1-二氟乙氧基)-苯基]-氨基]-羰基]苯甲酰胺,
丙基氨基甲酸(3-甲基苯基)酯,
4-[4-(4-乙氧基苯基)-4-甲基戊基]-1-氟-2-苯氧基-苯,
4-氯-2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-5-[[2-(2,6-二甲基-4-苯氧基苯氧基)乙基]硫基]-3(2H)-哒嗪酮,
4-氯-2-(2-氯-2-甲基丙基)-5-[(6-碘-3-吡啶基)甲氧基]-3(2H)-哒嗪酮,
4-氯-5-[(6-氯-3-吡啶基)甲氧基]-2-(3,4-二氯苯基)-3(2H)哒嗪酮,
苏云金杆菌菌株EG-2348,
苯甲酸[2-苯甲酰基-1-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-酰肼,
丁酸[2,2-二甲基-3-(2,4-二氯苯基)-2-氧代-1-氧杂螺[4.5]癸-3-烯-4-基]酯,
[3-[(6-氯-3-吡啶基)甲基]-2-噻唑烷亚基]-氨基氰,
二氢-2-(硝基亚甲基)-2H-1,3-噻嗪-3(4H)-甲醛,
[2-[[1,6-二氢-6-氧代-1-(苯基甲基)-4-哒嗪基]氧基]乙基]-氨基甲酸乙酯,
N-(3,4,4-三氟-1-氧代-3-丁烯基)-甘氨酸,
N-(4-氯苯基)-3-[4-(二氟甲氧基)苯基]-4,5-二氢-4-苯基-1H-吡唑-1-甲酰胺,
N-[(2-氯-5-噻唑基)甲基]-N′-甲基-N″-硝基-胍,
N-甲基-N′-(1-甲基-2-丙烯基)-1,2-肼二硫代甲酰胺,
N-甲基-N′-2-丙烯基-1,2-肼二硫代甲酰胺,
O,O-二乙基-[2-(二丙基氨基)-2-氧代乙基]-乙基硫代氨基磷酸酯。
与其它已知活性化合物例如除草剂或肥料以及生长调节剂的混合物也是可能的。
当用作杀虫剂时,本发明活性化合物可以以其市售制剂和由该制剂制备的应用形式与增效剂的混合物的形式存在。增效剂是能够增加活性化合物活性的化合物,但加入的增效剂本身不是必须有活性。
由市售制剂制备的应用形式中活性化合物的含量可以在很宽的范围内变化。使用形式中活性化合物的浓度为0.0000001-95重量%、优选0.0001-1重量%。
以适用于应用形式的常规方法进行使用。
当用于防治卫生害虫和储藏物品中的害虫时,活性化合物具有优良的木材和粘土残留活性以及对刷有石灰的基底具有很好的碱稳定性。
本发明活性化合物不仅对植物害虫、卫生害虫和储藏物品中的害虫具有活性,而且在兽医领域,对防治动物寄生虫(外寄生虫)也有活性,例如硬蜱、软蜱、兽疥癣螨、虱状蒲螨、蝇(叮咬和吸食)、寄生性蝇幼虫、虱、毛虱、羽虱和跳蚤。这些寄生虫包括:
虱目,例如,血虱属、颚虱属、虱属、Pthirus spp.、管虱属;
食毛目以及钝角亚目和细角亚目,例如,毛羽虱属、Menoponspp.、巨毛虱属、羽虱属、Werneckiella spp.、Lepikentron spp.、畜虱属、嚼虱属、猫羽虱属;
双翅目以及长角亚目和短角亚目,例如,伊蚊属、按蚊属、库蚊属、蚋属、真蚋属、白蛉属、Lutzomyia spp.、库蠓属、斑虻属、瘤虻属、黄虻属、虻属、麻翅虻属、Philipomyia spp.、蜂虱蝇属.、家蝇属、齿股蝇属、螫蝇属、角蝇属、莫蝇属、厕蝇属、舌蝇属、丽蝇属、绿蝇属、金蝇属、Wohlfahrtia spp.、麻蝇属、狂蝇属、皮蝇属、胃蝇属、虱蝇属、Lipoptena spp.、蜱蝇属;
蚤目,例如,蚤属、栉首蚤属、印鼠客蚤属、角叶蚤属;
异翅亚目,例如,臭虫属、椎猎蝽属、红腹猎蝽属、全圆蝽属;
蜚蠊目,例如,东方蜚蠊、美洲大蠊、德国小蠊、蜚蠊属;
蜱螨目以及后气门亚目和中气门亚目,例如,锐缘蜱属、纯缘蜱属、残喙蜱属、硬蜱属、花蜱属、牛蜱属、革蜱属、Haemophysalis spp.、璃眼蜱属、扇头蜱属、皮刺螨属、刺利螨属、肺刺螨属、胸孔螨属、瓦螨属;
辐螨亚目(前气门亚目)和粉螨目(无气门亚目),例如,蜂跗线螨属、姬螫螨属、禽螫厘螨属、肉螨属、疮螨属、蠕形螨属、恙螨属、牦螨属、粉螨属、食酪螨属、嗜木螨属、颈下螨属、翅螨属、瘙螨属、痒螨属、耳螨属、疥螨属、痂螨属、疙螨属、胞螨属、皮膜螨属。
例如,它们对蚜虫属(Aphis app.)和瘤额蚜属(Myzus spp.)具有良好的活性。
本发明的式(I)活性化合物也适用于防治侵扰农业家畜的节肢动物,所述农业家畜如牛、绵羊、山羊、马、猪、驴、骆驼、水牛、兔、鸡、火鸡、鸭、鹅、蜜蜂,其它家养动物,例如狗、猫、笼养鸟、水族馆的鱼,还有所谓的试验动物,例如田鼠、豚鼠、大鼠和小鼠。通过防治上述节肢动物,旨在减少动物死亡和减产(肉、奶、毛、皮、蛋、蜜等)的情况,因此,通过使用本发明的活性化合物可以使畜牧业管理更经济而简便。
应用于兽医领域时,本发明的活性化合物可通过已知方法即经肠给药,例如以片剂、胶囊剂、饮剂、灌药剂、颗粒剂、膏剂、大丸剂、喂食方法、栓剂等形式给药;非经肠给药,例如通过注射(肌肉注射、皮下注射、静脉注射、腹膜内注射等),植入法给药;经鼻给药;经皮肤给药,例如以浸泡或药浴、喷雾、泼浇、擦、洗刷、撒粉方式给药,也可借助于含有活性化合物的成型制品,例如项圈、耳饰物、尾饰物、肢环(带)、笼头、装饰器具等给药。
当用于家畜、家禽、宠物等时,可将式(I)活性化合物作为含有1-80重量%的本发明的活性化合物的制剂形式(例如粉剂、乳剂、流动剂)直接或100-10,000倍稀释后使用,或用作药浴。
另外,发现本发明活性化合物还对损坏工业材料的昆虫具有很强的杀虫活性。
作为实例并优选列出下述昆虫,但并不限于此:
鞘翅目昆虫,如
北美家天牛、绿虎天牛(Chlorophorus pilosis)、家具窃蠹、报死材窃蠹、类翼窃蠹、Dendrobium pertinex、松芽枝窃蠹、松产品窃蠹(Priobium carpini)、褐粉蠹、粉蠹(Lyctus africanus)、南方粉蠹、栎粉蠹、粉蠹(Lyctus pubescens)、胸粉蠹(Trogoxylonaequale)、鳞毛粉蠹、材小蠹属、条木小蠹属、咖啡黑长蠹、Bostrychuscapucins、褐异翅长蠹、棘长蠹属、竹竿粉长蠹。
革翅目,例如
蓝黑树蜂、云杉大树蜂、泰加大树蜂、大树蜂(Urocerus augur)。
白蚁,例如
木白蚁(Kalotermes flavicollis)、麻头堆砂白蚁、印巴结构木异白蚁、欧美散白蚁、散白蚁(Reticulitermes santonensis)、散白蚁(Reticulitermes lucifugus)、达尔文澳白蚁、内华达古白蚁、台湾乳白蚁。
缨尾目,例如台湾衣鱼。
本发明意义上的工业材料可以理解为表示无生命材料,例如优选合成材料、粘合剂、胶、纸和板、皮革、木材、木制品和涂料。
木材以及木制品是特别需要优选保护使其免受昆虫侵袭的材料。
可用本发明组合物或含有本发明组合物的混合物保护的木材和木制品可以理解为表示,例如:
建筑用木材、木梁、铁路轨枕、桥梁组件、桥型码头、木制交通工具、箱子、货架、集装箱、电话线杆、木外罩、木窗和木门、胶合板、粗纸板、在房屋建筑或建筑细木工行业中常用的细木工或木制品。
所述活性化合物可直接,或以浓缩形式或常规制剂,如粉剂、颗粒剂、溶液、悬浮剂、乳剂或糊剂方式使用。
上述制剂可以已知方法制备,例如通过将活性化合物与至少一种溶剂或稀释剂、乳化剂、分散剂和/或粘合剂或固定剂、抗水剂混合,以及如需要加入催干剂和UV稳定剂以及如需要加入染料和颜料,和其它加工助剂。
用于保护木材和木制品的杀虫组合物或浓缩物中包括0.0001至95重量%,特别是0.001至60重量%浓度的本发明活性化合物。
组合物或浓缩物的使用量是根据昆虫的种类和个体密度以及介质而确定的。最佳施用量各自可在应用时通过系列试验确定。然而基于需保护的材料,通常使用0.0001至20重量%,优选0.001至10重量%的活性化合物是足够的。
适合的溶剂和/或稀释剂是有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物和/或低挥发性的油性或油类有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物和/或极性有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物和/或水,如需要可加入乳化剂和/或湿润剂。
优选使用的有机化学溶剂是油性或油类溶剂,其蒸发值大于35以及闪点大于30℃,并优选大于45℃。用作上述低挥发度以及不溶于水的油性和油类溶剂物质是相应的矿物油或它们的芳族馏分,或含有矿物油的溶剂混合物,优选石油溶剂、石油和/或烷基苯。
优选使用沸程为170-220℃的矿物油、沸程为170-220℃的石油溶剂、沸程为250-350℃的锭子油、沸程为160-280℃的石油或芳烃,以及松节油等。
在一个优选实施方案中,使用沸程为180-210℃的液体脂族烃或沸程为180-220℃的芳族和脂族烃的高沸程混合物和/或锭子油和/或一氯代萘,优选α-一氯代萘。
蒸发值大于35以及闪点大于30℃并优选大于45℃的低挥发度的有机油性或油类溶剂可用易或中挥发度的有机溶剂部分替换,条件是溶剂混合物的蒸发值同样大于35以及闪点大于30℃并优选大于45℃,以及该杀虫剂-杀菌剂混合物可溶或可乳化于上述溶剂混合物中。
在优选实施方案中,部分有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物被脂族极性有机化学溶剂或溶剂混合物替代。优选使用含有羟基和/或酯基和/或醚基的脂族有机溶剂,例如乙二醇醚、酯等。
本发明使用的有机化学粘合剂是合成树脂和/或粘合干性油,它们本身已知可用水稀释和/或可溶解或分散或乳化于上述使用的机化学溶剂中,特别是由下列物质组成的或包含下列物质的粘合剂丙烯酸树脂、乙烯基树脂,例如聚乙酸乙烯酯、聚酯类树脂、缩聚或加聚树脂、聚氨酯树脂、醇酸树脂或改性的醇酸树脂、酚醛树脂、烃类树脂,如茚/香豆酮树脂、有机硅树脂、干性植物油和/或干性油和/或基于天然和/或合成树脂的物理干性粘合剂。
用作粘合剂的合成树脂可以乳剂、分散剂或溶液形式使用。沥青或沥青状物质也可用作粘合剂,用量至多为10重量%。还可以使用已知的染料、颜料、防水剂、气味调节剂和抑制剂或防腐剂等。
在本发明组合物或浓缩物中优选包括作为有机化学粘合剂的至少一种醇酸树脂或改性醇酸树脂和/或干性植物油。本发明优选使用含油量大于45重量%,优选50-68重量%的醇酸树脂。
上述粘合剂可全部或部分被固定剂(混合物)或增塑剂(混合物)替代。加入这些添加剂的目的是防止活性化合物的蒸发以及结晶或沉淀。它们优选替代0.01至30%的粘合剂(以使用的粘合剂为100%计)。
增塑剂选自邻苯二甲酸酯类的化学物质,如邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯或邻苯二甲酸苄基丁基酯;磷酸酯类如磷酸三丁酯;己二酸酯,如二-(2-乙基己基)己二酸酯;硬脂酸酯,如硬脂酸丁酯或硬脂酸戊酯;油酸酯,如油酸丁酯;甘油醚或高分子量的乙二醇醚;甘油酯和对甲苯磺酸酯。
固定剂在化学上基于聚乙烯烷基醚,如聚乙烯基甲基醚或酮,如二苯甲酮和亚乙基二苯甲酮。
其它适用的溶剂或稀释剂特别是水,任选与一种或多种上述有机化学溶剂或稀释剂、乳化剂和分散剂混合使用。
特别有效的木材保护方法是通过大批量的浸渍方法,例如通过真空、双真空或加压方法达到。
现用制剂还可任选包含其它的杀虫剂和任选其它的一种或多种杀菌剂。
其它的共混组分优选包括在WO 94/29268中提及的杀虫剂和杀菌剂。将在这些文献中提及的化合物引入本文并作为本申请的一部分。
十分特别优选的共混组分可以是杀虫剂,如毒死蜱、腈肟磷、灭虫硅醚(Silafluofin)、甲体氯氰菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、氯菊酯、吡虫啉、NI-25、氟虫脲、氟铃脲、四氟菊酯、Thiacloprid、methoxyphenoxid和杀虫隆,以及杀菌剂,如Epoxyconazole、己唑醇、戊环唑、丙环唑、戊唑醇、环唑醇、环戊唑菌、烯菌灵、抑菌灵、对甲抑菌灵、3-碘-2-丙炔基-丁基氨基甲酸酯、N-辛基-异噻唑啉-3-酮和4,5-二氯-N-辛基-异噻唑啉-3-酮。
同样,本发明的活性化合物可用于保护经常与海水或盐水接触的各种物品,如船体、滤器、网、船体结构、锚和信号装置免受生物附着。
由于定居性寡毛纲目,如龙介虫科以及甲壳类和Ledamorpha(茗荷儿)类,如各种茗荷属和铠茗荷属,或藤壶亚目(藤壶虫),如藤壶属或指茗荷属的附着增加了船体的摩擦阻力并由于增加了能源消耗以及此外经常滞留干船坞,这样明显增加了运营成本。
此外附着生物还有海藻,例如水云属和仙菜属,特别重要的是定居性软甲亚纲(昆甲类)的附着,该昆甲类包括在蔓足纲(蔓足类甲壳动物)中。
令人惊奇地,现已发现本发明的活性化合物本身或者与其它活性物质的组合具有突出的防污(抗植被)作用。
通过使用本发明的活性化合物本身或者与其它活性物质组合,可以不使用重金属,如,例如硫化二(三烷基锡)、月桂酸三正丁基锡、氯化三正丁基锡、氧化亚铜、氯化三乙基锡、三正丁基(2-苯基-4-氯苯氧基)-锡、氧化三丁基锡、二硫化钼、氧化锑、聚合钛酸丁酯、苯基-(联吡啶)-三氯化铋、氟化三正丁基锡、亚乙基二硫代氨基甲酸锰、二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、亚乙基双硫代氨基甲酸锌、2-吡啶硫醇-1-氧化物的锌和铜盐、双二甲基二硫代氨基甲酰基亚乙基双硫代氨基甲酸锌、氧化锌、亚乙基双二硫代氨基甲酸亚铜、硫氰酸铜、环烷酸铜和卤化三丁基锡,或显著降低上述化合物浓度。
即用防污漆还可任选包含其它活性化合物,优选杀藻剂、杀菌剂、除草剂、杀软体动物剂或其它防污活性化合物。
下列组分优选用于本发明防污组合物的混合组分:
杀藻剂,如
2-叔丁基氨基-4-环丙基氨基-6-甲硫基-1,3,5-三嗪、双氯酚、敌草隆、草藻灭、醋酸三苯基锡、异丙隆、噻唑隆、乙氧氟草醚、灭藻醌和特丁净,
杀菌剂,如
苯并[b]噻吩甲酸环己基酰胺-S,S-二氧化物、抑菌灵、Fluorfolpet、3-碘-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯、对甲抑菌灵和唑类,如戊环唑、环唑醇、氧唑菌、己唑醇、环戊唑菌、丙环唑和戊唑醇;
杀软体动物剂,如
醋酸三苯基锡、四聚乙醛、灭虫威、贝螺杀、硫双威和混杀成;
或常用防污活性化合物,如
4,5-二氯-2-辛基-4-异噻唑啉-3-酮、二碘甲基paratryl砜、2-(N,N-二甲基硫代氨基甲酰基硫基)-5-硝基噻唑基、2-吡啶硫醇-1-氧化物的钾、铜、钠和锌盐、吡啶三苯基硼烷、四丁基二锡氧烷、2,3,5,6-四氯-4-(甲磺酰基)-吡啶、2,4,5,6-四氯间苯二腈、二硫化四甲基秋兰姆和2,4,6-三氯苯基马来酰亚胺。
使用的防污组合物中包含浓度为0.001至50重量%,特别是0.01至20重量%的本发明活性化合物。
本发明防污组合物还包括在下述文献例如Ungerer,Chem.Ind.1985,37,730-732和Williams,Antifouling MarineCoatings,Noyes,Park Ridge,1973中公开的常用组分。
除了杀藻、杀菌、杀软体动物活性化合物和本发明的杀虫活性化合物外,防污涂料组合物中还特别包括粘合剂。
公知的粘合剂的实例包括溶剂体系中的聚氯乙烯、溶剂体系中的氯化橡胶、溶剂体系特别是含水体系中的丙烯酸树脂、水分散体形式或有机溶剂体系形式的氯乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物体系、丁二烯/苯乙烯/丙烯腈橡胶、干性油,如亚麻子油,树脂酯或与焦油或沥青、柏油以及环氧化合物、少量的氯化橡胶、氯化聚丙烯和乙烯基树脂混合形成的改性硬树脂。
涂料中还任选可包含优选不溶于海水的无机颜料、有机颜料或染料。涂料中还可包括如松香类物质,以使活性化合物可控制地释放。此外,涂料中可以包含增塑剂,影响流变性质的改良剂,以及其它常规组分。还可以将本发明化合物或上述混合物加入自抛光防污体系中。
所述活性化合物还适于防治封闭空间,如公寓、厂房、办公室、车厢等空间中发生的有害动物,特别是昆虫、蜘蛛和螨。它们本身或与其它活性物质和助剂组合可通过被加入用于防治上述害虫的家用杀虫剂产品中使用。它们对敏感和抗性种群以及所有发育阶段都有杀虫活性。这些有害动物包括:
蝎目,例如钳蝎(Buthus occitanus)。
蜱螨目,例如波斯锐缘蜱、翘缘锐缘蜱、苔螨属、鸡皮刺螨、家食甜螨、非洲钝缘蜱、血红扇头蜱、恙螨(Trombicula alfreddugesi)、Neutrombicula autumnalis、屋尘螨、粉尘螨。
蛛形目,例如鸟蛤蛛科、园蛛科。
盲蛛目,例如拟蝎类(Pseudoscorpiones chelifer)、Pseudoscorpiones cheiridium、Opiliones phalangium。
等足目,例如潮虫、鼠妇。
倍足目,例如具斑马陆、山蛩虫属。
唇足目,例如地蜈蚣属。
Zygentoma目,例如栉衣鱼属、台湾衣鱼、Lepismodesinquilinus。
蜚蠊目,例如东方蜚蠊、德国小蠊、小蠊属(Blattellaasahinai)、马得拉蜚蠊、角腹蠊属、木蠊属、澳洲大蠊、美洲大蠊、褐斑大蠊、黑胸大蠊、长须蜚蠊。
跳跃亚目,例如家蟀。
革翅目,例如欧洲球螋。
等翅目,例如木白蚁属、散白蚁属。
啮虫目,例如Lepinatus属、粉啮虫属。
鞘翅目,例如圆皮蠹属、毛皮蠹属、皮蠹属、长头谷蠹、隐跗郭公虫属、蛛甲属、谷蠹、谷象、米象、玉米象、药材甲。
双翅目,例如埃及伊蚊、白纹伊蚊、Aedes taeniorhynchus、按蚊属、红头丽蝇、高额麻虻、致倦库蚊、尖音库蚊、Culex tarsalis、果蝇属、夏厕蝇、家蝇、白蛉属、麻蝇(Sarcophaga carnaria)、蚋属、厩螫蝇、大蚊(Tipula paludosa)。
鳞翅目,例如小蜡螟、蜡螟、印度古斑螟、谷蛾、袋谷蛾、幕谷蛾。
蚤目,例如犬栉首蚤、猫栉首蚤指名亚种、人蚤、穿皮潜蚤、印鼠客蚤。
膜翅目,例如广布弓背蚁、亮毛蚁、黑毛蚁、Lasius umbratus、小家蚁、Paravespula属、铺道蚁。
虱目,例如头虱、体虱、阴虱。
异翅亚目,例如热带臭虫、温带臭虫、长红猎蝽、侵扰锥猎蝽。
在家用杀虫剂领域的应用通过它们本身或者与其它合适的活性物质,如磷酸酯类、氨基甲酸酯类、拟除虫菊酯类、生长调节剂类或其它已知杀虫剂类的活性化合物联合进行。
它们可以如下述使用:气溶胶,非增压喷雾剂,例如泵喷雾、喷洒喷雾、烟雾发生器、浓雾、泡沫、凝胶、带有纤维素或聚合物制成的蒸发片的蒸发产品、液体蒸发器、凝胶和薄膜蒸发器、推进式蒸发器、不需能量或被动式蒸发系统、捕蛀虫纸、捕蛾袋和捕虫胶、作为颗粒剂或粉剂、在撒布饵料中或饵料位置。
制备实施例
实施例I-1
1-[6-氯-3-吡啶基甲基]-5-氰基亚氨基-7-甲基-4,5-二氢-[1,3]-二氮杂环戊烷并[1,2-c][1,3]-噻唑啉
向100ml两颈烧瓶中加入10.0mmol N-(6-氯-3-吡啶基甲基)-乙烷-1,2-二胺(XI-1)和25ml无水乙醇并在室温下滴加存在于20ml无水乙醇中的1.89g(11.0mmol)氯化2-氯丙烷乙基酯亚胺(2-Chlorpropanethylesteriminiumchlord)(XII)。加完后在室温下搅拌1小时。然后在剧烈搅拌下分多次加入1.70g(10.0mmol)N-氰基亚氨基甲硫基甲烷硫化钾(XIV)并加热回流90分钟。将该反应混合物趁热直接过滤到60ml水中,滤液在冰箱中保存过夜,期间产物结晶或者以油状形式沉出。在两种情况下均用乙醇对沉淀进行重结晶。
熔点:130℃
收率:0.82g(理论量的27%)
1H-NMR300(DMSO-d6/TMS)δ/ppm=2.04(s,3H,H-14),3.71(m,2H,H-9),3.87(m,2H,H-10),4.49(s,2H,H-7),7.56(d,1H,H-5,J=8.2Hz),7.87(dd,1H,H-4,J=8.2Hz,J=2.5Hz),8.43(d,1H,H-2,J=2.5Hz).
实施例I-2
1-[6-氯-3-吡啶基甲基]-6-氰基亚氨基-8-甲基-1,2,3,4,5,8a,5,6-八氢-[1,3]-噻唑啉并-[3,4-a]嘧啶
类似于实施例I-1,应用N-(6-氯-3-吡啶基甲基)-丙烷-1,2-二胺(XI-2)制备得到
熔点:153℃
收率:1.09g(理论量的34%)
1H-NMR300(DMSO-d6/TMS)δ/ppm=1.92(qui,2H,H-10,3J=5.9Hz),2.06(s,3H,H-15),3.05(t,2H,H-9,3J=5.6Hz),3.77(t,2H,H-11,3J=6.3Hz),4.40(s,2H,H-7),7.55(d,1H,H-5,J=8.2Hz),7.88(dd,1H,H-4,J=8.2Hz,J=2.5Hz),8.41(d,1H,H-2,J=2.5Hz).
实施例(XI-1)
在室温下,在100ml无水乙腈中将0.06mol乙烷-1,2-二胺(3.61g)与2.6ml无水三乙胺混合,在2小时内很慢地滴加在100ml无水乙腈中的3.24g(0.02mol)6-氯-3-氯甲基-吡啶(CCMP)并搅拌20小时,然后过滤该反应混合物,在旋转蒸发器上减压除去溶剂并进行高真空蒸馏分离。
沸点:120℃/0.05mbar
收率:2.45g(理论量的65%)
1H-NMR300(CDCl3/TMS)δ/ppm=1.41(br,3H,H-8u.H-11),2.68(m,2H,H-10),2.83(m,2H,H-9),3.80(s,2H,H-7),7.29(d,1H,H-5,J=8.1Hz),7.68(dd,1H,H-4,J=8.1Hz,J=2.5Hz),8.34(d,1H,H-2,J=2.5Hz).
实施例(XI-2)
类似于实施例(XI-1),应用丙烷-1,2-二胺(4.45g)制备得到。
沸点:125℃/0.05mbar
收率:2.48g(理论量的62%)
1H-NMR300(CDCl3/TMS)δ/ppm=1.38(br,3H,H-8u.H-12),1,65(qui,2H,H-10,3J=6.8Hz),2.69(t,2H,H-11,3J=6.8Hz),2.78(t,2H,H-9,3J=6.8Hz),3.79(s,2H,H-7),7.29(d,1H,H-5,J=8.1Hz),7.68(dd,1H,H-4,J=8.1Hz,J=2.4Hz),8.34(d,1H,H-2,J=2.4Hz).
实施例(XIV)
N-氰基亚氨基甲硫基甲烷硫化钾
a)氰基亚氨基二硫代甲酸的制备
在氮气氛下,在500ml具有KPG-搅拌器、滴液漏斗、温度计和回流冷凝器的四颈烧瓶中,将40ml乙醇中的21.0g(0.50mol)氨基氰冷却至0℃,在该温度下依次滴加41.9g(0.55mol)二硫化碳和在180ml乙醇中的56.1g(1.00mol)氢氧化钾,使内部温度不高于5℃(约4小时)。加完后,撤去冷却浴并在室温下搅拌过夜。过滤生成的固体(很细的沉淀很快堵塞玻璃漏斗的孔),用乙醇洗涤并在真空下干燥。所得到的盐是吸湿性的,只允许在过滤时短时与空气/空气潮气接触。该盐在下一步中作为粗品应用。收率为理论量的75-80%。
b)N-氰基亚氨基甲硫基甲烷硫化钾
将77.7g(0.40mol)粗产品溶于270ml丙酮和300ml水的混合物中并冷却至0℃,在该温度并剧烈搅拌下经3小时慢慢滴加56.8g(0.40mol)碘甲烷的150ml丙酮溶液。加完后在0℃搅拌反应混合物1小时并在室温下继续搅拌3小时。在旋转蒸发器上除去溶剂至干,用250ml无水丙酮处理残余物并在旋转蒸发器上浓缩至初始体积的一半。为了使生成的碘化钾结晶,将该反应混合物放置于冰箱中过夜,过滤生成的固体,将滤液再一次浓缩至接近干,冷却,沉淀出希望的产物。为了完全除去碘化钾可重复最后的步骤。收率为理论量的75-80%。分析数据与文献一致。
实施例(XII-1)
氯化2-氯丙烷乙基酯亚胺
(参见S.Shibata等,Bull.Chem.Soc.Jpn.55(11),3546-3551(1982))
在用氮气冲洗并称重的烧瓶中,将35.00g无水乙醚、2.30g(50.0mmol)无水乙醇和4.48g(50.0mmol)2-氯丙腈冷至0-5℃,然后在适当搅拌下,在45-60分钟内慢慢引入通过浓硫酸干燥的1.80g(50.0mmol)氯化氢气体,引入氯化氢的量通过重新称重烧瓶得到。对此注意保持隔绝潮气。在不断搅拌下在20分钟内,将该反应混合物温至室温,期间产品以白色粉末形式结晶。为了使结晶完全,将反应混合物在冷却下再保存1天,过滤,粗产品在高真空、室温下干燥,该产品不经进一步纯化直接应用。因为少量水会使该产物分解,所以没有进行分析测试。收率为理论量的50-60%。
实施例(XV-1)
将1.86g(10.0mmol)N-(6-氯-3-吡啶基甲基)-乙烷-1,2-二胺(XI-1)溶于25ml无水乙醇中并在室温下滴加1.89g(11.0mmol)氯化2-氯丙烷乙基酯亚胺(XII-1)在20ml无水乙醇中的溶液,加完后在室温下搅拌1小时。为了排出生成的氨气,在剧烈搅拌下向反应混合物中缓缓通入氮气4小时,过滤并在旋转蒸发器上减压除去溶剂。用25ml乙醇处理油状残余物,在冰浴冷却下加入4.0ml 10%的氢氧化钠溶液并在室温下搅拌1小时。为了分离产物,进行过滤,除去溶剂,油状残余物经硅胶色谱纯化,用乙酸乙酯/甲醇2/1(Rf=0.2)洗脱。
收率:1.69g(理论量的71%)
1H-NMR300(DMSO-d6/TMS)δ/ppm=1.22(d,3H,H-14,3J=6.9Hz),2.83(ddd,1H,H-9,2J=12.8Hz,3J=9.8Hz,3J=4.3Hz),2.99(ddd,1H,H-9,2J=12.8Hz,3J=4.7Hz,3J=3.3Hz),3.15(dt,1H,H-10,2J=11.4Hz,3J=4.0Hz),3.31(ddd,1H,H-10,2J=11.4Hz,3J=9.8Hz,3J=4.7Hz),4.51(m,2H,H-7),7.50(d,1H,H-5,J=8.2Hz),7.73(dd,1H,H-4,J=8.2Hz,J=2.5Hz),8.32(d,1H,H-2,J=2.5Hz).
实施例XVI-1)
在冰浴冷却下,向0.76g(10.0mmol)二硫化碳的10ml无水乙醇中滴加0.23g(10.0mmol)钠在5ml无水乙醇中的溶液,加完后在室温下搅拌30分钟。在冰浴冷却下,将该溶液滴加到溶于25ml乙醇中的粗产物(XV-1)中,慢慢升至室温并加热回流90分钟。然后进行热过滤并浓缩滤液,沉淀出浅黄色结晶产物,用乙醇重结晶以进行纯化。
熔点:126℃
收率:1.36g(理论量的54%,基于XV-1)
1H-NMR300(DMSO-d6/TMS)δ/ppm=2.01(s,3H,H-14),3.72(m,2H,H-9),3.88(m,2H,H-10),4.47(s,2H,H-7),7.55(d,1H,H-5,J=8.2Hz),7.88(dd,1H,H-4,J=8.2Hz,J=2.5Hz),8.44(d,1H,H-2,J=2.5Hz).
应用实施例
实施例1
用蟑螂(Schaben)进行测试-浸入法
测试动物:美洲大蠊(Periplaneta americana)的第三幼虫期
溶剂:二甲亚砜
将20mg活性化合物溶于1ml二甲亚砜中。为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,用水将该活性化合物溶液稀释至各所需浓度。
将20ml该活性化合物制剂移取至试管中(Φ1.5cm,H 10cm)。用CO2将4只蟑螂幼虫麻醉并转移至具有3个孔(底部,距上沿5cm)的试管(Φ1.2cm,H 9cm)中。用塞子塞住该试管并在室温下保持30分钟,直至所有蟑螂幼虫又具有正常的活力,将该试管浸入活性化合物制剂中60秒,使所有蟑螂幼虫完全被湿润,排出液体后,将蟑螂幼虫转移至PP-皿(Φ9.7cm,H 8cm)的滤纸片上。
在2、24小时以及7天后确定活性化合物制剂的活性。对此,100%表示所有蟑螂幼虫被杀死;0%表示没有蟑螂幼虫被杀死。
该试验表明例如下述制备实施例的化合物具有足够的的活性:
%活性(7天) | |||
化合物 | 1000ppm | 300ppm | 100ppm |
I-1 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
实施例2
丽蝇(Blowfly)幼虫试验/抑制发育作用
测试动物:绿蝇属(Lucilia)cuprina的幼虫
溶剂:二甲亚砜
将20mg活性化合物溶于1ml二甲亚砜中。为制备合适的活性化合物制剂,用水将该活性化合物溶液稀释至各所需浓度。
将约20只绿蝇属cuprina的幼虫放入含有约1cm3马肉和0.5ml待测活性化合物制剂的试管中。48小时后确定活性化合物制剂的活性,用%幼虫杀死率表示。
然后将试管转移至用砂子覆盖底部的烧杯中,再过12天后除去试管并计数蛹和蝇。将在未处理的对照发育期1.5倍后的孵出抑制作为发育抑制作用,用%(蛹与孵出的蝇之比)表示。
该试验表明例如下述制备实施例的化合物具有足够的的活性:
%活性(幼虫杀死率) | |||
化合物 | 1000ppm | 300ppm | 100ppm |
I-1 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
实施例3
用猫跳蚤(Katzenflhen)测试/口服吸收
测试动物:成年的猫栉头蚤(Ctenocephalides felis)
溶剂:二甲基亚砜(DMSO)
为制备合适的制剂,用20mg活性化合物与1ml DMSO制备合适的活性化合物溶液,将20μl该制剂加到4ml柠檬酸化的(citriertem)牛血中并搅拌。
将20只空腹的成年跳蚤(猫栉头蚤,“Georgi”种)放置在筒(Kammer)中(直径为5厘米),上下用丝网封住。在所述筒中放置一金属圆筒,其下端用封口膜密封。该圆筒中含有4ml血-活性化合物制剂,跳蚤通过封口膜可以吃到。将所述血温热至37℃,而将跳蚤室的温度调节为25℃。对照用相同体积的DMSO不加化合物进行混合得到。进行三次重复试验。
24小时后测定用%表示的杀死率。
在24小时内至少杀死25%的跳蚤的化合物被认为有效。
在该试验中,例如制备实施例中的下述化合物有效:
%活性(幼虫杀死率) | |
化合物 | 100ppm |
I-1 | 30 |
Claims (7)
2.按照权利要求1的式(I)化合物,其中A表示任选被卤素取代的吡啶基,
R1表示氢,
R2表示甲基、乙基、正丙基或异丙基,
n表示2或3,
Y表示N-CN或者N-NO2,
Z表示S。
3.按照权利要求1的式(I)化合物,其中
A表示任选被卤素取代的吡啶基,
R1表示氢,
R2表示甲基,
n表示2或者3,
Y表示N-CN或者N-NO2,
Z表示S。
4.按照权利要求1的式(I)化合物,其中
A表示下述基团
R1表示氢,
R2表示甲基,
n表示2或者3,
Y表示N-CN,或者Y表示N-NO2,
Z表示S。
5.制备按照权利要求1的式(I)化合物的方法,其特征在于式(II)化合物
其中A、R1、R2、n和Z具有权利要求1给出的含义,
与合适的氰化试剂或者与合适的硝化试剂反应。
6.防治有害动物的组合物,其特征在于含有至少一种权利要求1的式(I)化合物。
7.权利要求1的式(I)化合物用于防治有害动物的用途。
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US7943160B2 (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2011-05-17 | Scimetrics Limited Corp. | Pest control methods |
BRPI0416407A (pt) | 2003-12-04 | 2007-01-09 | Fmc Corp | derivados inseticidas de n-(heteroarilalquil)-alcanodiamina |
BR122021011787B1 (pt) * | 2005-11-01 | 2022-01-25 | Impact Biomedicines, Inc | Inibidores de biaril meta pirimidina de cinases, composição farmacêutica e processo para preparar uma composição farmacêutica |
DE102006015456A1 (de) | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-04 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Bicyclische Enamino(thio)carbonylverbindungen |
US9422280B2 (en) | 2012-03-29 | 2016-08-23 | Basf Se | N-substituted hetero-bicyclic compounds and derivatives for combating animal pests II |
CN104202981B (zh) | 2012-03-30 | 2018-01-30 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 防治动物害虫的n‑取代的吡啶亚基化合物和衍生物 |
CR20160180A (es) | 2013-09-19 | 2016-10-03 | Basf Se | Compuestos heterocíclicos de n-acilimino |
RU2758667C2 (ru) | 2015-12-14 | 2021-11-01 | Фмк Корпорейшн | Замещенные по гетероциклу бициклические азол пестициды |
CN114349704A (zh) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-15 | 河南师范大学 | 三氟甲基缀合的吡唑螺环丙烷类化合物及其合成方法 |
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US3555039A (en) * | 1968-01-22 | 1971-01-12 | Sandoz Ag | Imidazo(1,2-c)thiazoles |
US3578666A (en) * | 1968-08-26 | 1971-05-11 | Sandoz Ag | Substituted imidazolines,pyrimidines and diazepines |
US4098791A (en) * | 1977-07-29 | 1978-07-04 | The Upjohn Company | Process for preparing 3-(cyanimino)-3-amino-propionitriles |
HU180240B (en) * | 1978-04-21 | 1983-02-28 | Gyogyszerkutato Intezet | Process for producing new,substituted 1,3-diaryl-2-iminoimidasolidines and 2-imino-hexahydro-pyrimidines |
US5001138B1 (en) * | 1985-02-04 | 1998-01-20 | Bayer Agrochem Kk | Heterocyclic compounds |
DE3681465D1 (zh) * | 1985-02-04 | 1991-10-24 | Nihon Bayer Agrochem K.K., Tokio/Tokyo, Jp | |
US5204360A (en) * | 1985-02-04 | 1993-04-20 | Nihon Bayer Agrochem K.K. | Heterocyclic compounds |
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WO1994029268A1 (de) | 1993-06-07 | 1994-12-22 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Iodpropargylcarbamate und ihre verwendung als biozide im pflanzen- und materialschutz |
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CA2444611C (en) | 2010-07-13 |
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AU2002304661B2 (en) | 2007-04-26 |
US20040209896A1 (en) | 2004-10-21 |
CN1514840A (zh) | 2004-07-21 |
NO20034662L (no) | 2003-12-10 |
KR20040015091A (ko) | 2004-02-18 |
DE50201904D1 (de) | 2005-02-03 |
BR0209050A (pt) | 2004-08-10 |
ES2232754T3 (es) | 2005-06-01 |
JP2004527549A (ja) | 2004-09-09 |
ATE286059T1 (de) | 2005-01-15 |
DE10119422A1 (de) | 2002-10-24 |
CA2444611A1 (en) | 2002-10-31 |
NZ528961A (en) | 2005-04-29 |
JP4252801B2 (ja) | 2009-04-08 |
ZA200308087B (en) | 2004-10-18 |
US6838462B2 (en) | 2005-01-04 |
WO2002085915A3 (de) | 2003-01-23 |
EP1383773A2 (de) | 2004-01-28 |
WO2002085915A2 (de) | 2002-10-31 |
EP1383773B1 (de) | 2004-12-29 |
KR100855915B1 (ko) | 2008-09-02 |
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