CN1543767A

CN1543767A - Age-old tree fast forming method

Info

Publication number: CN1543767A
Application number: CNA200310111468XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨随意
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2003-11-26
Filing date: 2003-11-26
Publication date: 2004-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 2023-11-26
Also published as: CN100518493C

Abstract

A tree quick-speed growing and shaping method by grafting comprising, mounting grids in cultivation pool, planting tree nursery stock around the grids, pulling the sapling for fixed modeling, grafting the modeling tree stems to obtain unique tree shape in short period of time. The invention can be applied to cultivate arbor with beautiful tree crown.

Description

A kind of ancient tree speed forming method

Technical field:

The present invention relates to a kind of formative method, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of method and make it grow into a brand-new tree body, reach the effect that grows into ancient tree several tree bodies employing graftings to trees.

Background technology

At occurring in nature, woody plant is divided into brushwood and arbor two big classes, and a lot of plants of Qiao, shrub and occurring in nature are formed green plant world.They present different separately characteristics according to reproductive growth rule separately, as arbor, in normal natural environment, after the several years, may have grown into big tree, and some growth change becomes ancient rare trees---ancient tree, and are very rare.But because these ancient tree growth shapings need decades or go up century-old, and length is being not the geographical position that people need most, even the ancient tree that has is grown in the place that people can touch, also be very rare, can not satisfy the needs that social now people beautify the environment to ancient tree far away, for this reason, people carry out extensive and deep research to each plant species, in the hope of the ancient tree resource that obtains to enrich.

In the prior art, the graft technology of plant is comparative maturity, and plant graft is to improve the breed, and improves output, improves the ability of disease and insect resistance, improves the effective means of plant economic worth.Be widely used in each plant species such as fruit tree, forest, melon, wheat rice, flowers, and produce good effect widely, as be used to improve fruit tree, it is chimeric in stock upper shed and stock to do scion with breeding branch or branch group, operating process such as grafting binding, realize the improvement of inferior strain fruit-tree grafting, do sth. in advance to produce fruit, increase the advantage of output and promotion improved variety process.But for adopting graft technology and bear fruit and seldom in design aspect tall, the shrub tree, ancient tree production aspect especially, its formative method also loses maturation.Before the present invention, number of patent application is: 92109250.4 a kind of " stereoscopic massive grafting method for plant " disclose a kind of with plant graft together, make the method for woody plant rapid shaping, be it by with a group plant at a model outer wall again they branch graftings, make plant grow up to the profile of needs in the short period of time; Number of patent application is: 01133669.2 patent application, it is a trunk skeleton of making hollow or flute profile with armored concrete or other material, load or lay soil in middle or outside, again with woody plant plantation on pipe support in the soil, the primary structure form has: tree rods such as simulation type, building accole, spherical crown tree forked type are formed a cover speed-up cultivation of imtation old tree.Foregoing invention has certain advance, after this technology is implemented, may produce certain good effect, but have tangible deficiency, its method is with the knot cultivation of a group flora lattice framing sports association, and, be connected by its somatomedin and pipe-line system and supply with the required nutrient of plant growing in the opening of its plant planting on a fixing solid material model.The patent No. is that 01133669.2 invention is planted in sapling in the fixing model fully, the unsettled plantation of the plant of being planted, but above-mentioned plant is subjected to the restriction of mould shape, nutritional condition does not catch up with, hold and can't stand that natural calamity (wind and rain) attacks, significantly run counter to the self-sow rule of trees, cause the plant growing life-span not long, grow up to desirable tree-like also unusual difficulty, let alone grow up to the ancient tree that big tree or several years become.

The purpose of invention:

For overcoming the deficiency of above-mentioned technology, the invention provides a kind of suitable trees self-sow rule that meets, and a kind of grafting cultivation method of growth shaping fast, make woody plant be grown to serve as a kind of tree type of uniqueness, promptly a kind of tree modelled after an antique in the short period of time.

Summary of the invention:

For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts graft modeling method, the kind that at first chooses, seed are the keys of cultivating woody plant, one of decisive factor of decision woody plant quality and following trees moulding, should select the woody plant kind that is suitable for grafting for use, after determining kind, building the seedling cultivating pool, also is the growth pond of trees, pond subsoil earth is deep-cut scarifying, add loam.Cultivating pool can be built into cement, masonry, and pond shape such as that the pond type can be built into is square, circle is not sealed at the bottom of the pond, only builds Chi Quan; Another kind method can be built cultivating pool on ground; Also can build up mobile seedling pond, in the stock growing pond, insert clay fertilizer, make in net grid or the pattern insertion seedling pond with bamboo bar or other material, and become the cylindrical net grid with rope or iron wire colligation, perhaps make the moulding pattern, outside the net grid, sow seed, to control well especially net grid periphery seeding quantity and the sowing spacing in the rows.When growing into the two chi left and right sides Deng the nursery stock mobile jib, begin to carry out artificial appearance, its method is the sapling basis shape and the graft technology requirement of design in advance with the slivering of growing tall, tree bar tractive is bundled in the net grid or moulding pattern in the pond, make mobile jib bending or the torsional deformation of sapling, after tree body of rod distortion typing, then carry out seedling grafting, during grafting with the crooked position mutually grafting of sapling with the trunk of sapling, or with the tree body region phase grafting that twists into mutually together, how many positions of grafting all require is finished in the short period of time, makes grafting part growth healing.

Height as a graft modeling does not reach designing requirement, can increase the height of net grid mould, continues tractive appearance, but must first colligation fixedly behind the top tree bar (body), removes the bundle of bottom healing place again, splits in order to avoid the position of healing is stressed.

Grafting process of the present invention is: the germination period that preferably is selected in woody plant is a grafting time, the woody plant of grafting is adopted mutual grafting method, and be stained with soak in grafting place, seal with plastic film or with numb skin (base) wrapping then, adopt the method in a cultivating pool with all pre-designed nursery stocks at various height, grafting is carried out at different positions, after grafting part healing growth well, remove wrapper material, height according to the design tree, graft modeling in batches can make progress, the ancient tree of such graft modeling just just shows embryo, along with the engration growth time increases, set the diameter of bar (body) and highly constantly variation after the grafting, make progressively growth change of the single tree bar of together each of grafting (body), the position that has is drawn close, the position projection that has, set in addition bar position growth less than together just form some holes not of uniform size, the trunk of a kind of like this trees modelled after an antique is cultivated by grafting, form, also can prune out different shaping according to trunk and geographical environment the tree crown of trees.

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is further described:

Fig. 1 is a graft modeling schematic diagram of the present invention

Fig. 2 is a net grid schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a seedling cultivation schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 4 twists the grafting schematic diagram for the present invention.

In the drawings, carry that training pond 1, tree bar (body) 2, net grid horizontally enclose 3 admittedly, net grid montant 4, grafting part 5, osculum 6, seedling 7, distortion touch circle 8, stayed pole 9, ground 10

With reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 4: the present invention cultivates the selection in place (pond) and builds

As required, can require underground soil property deep fertile directly in the ground cultivation, permeability be good, can guarantee the required nutrient of big tree growth, moisture content etc.; If need transplant, then should build cultivating pool.Cultivating pool can be used cement, sand, brick one-tenth, can be built into circle, pond shape such as square.The size diameter in pond decides according to the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of educating trees, the edge in pond will maintain a certain distance with the tree body, will the suit stretching, extension of tree root of the degree of depth in pond, the pool wall base portion will stay an osculum, the bottom in pond should have cement face or other spacer to isolate, prevent that tree root is profound, so that finished product tree transplant survival.If cultivate medium and small potted landscape, can be directly in active pool and basin, cylinder, carry out, it is planted in the basin pond all need fill up the clay fertilizer that can adapt to the arboreal growth needs.

The molded work of cultivation net grid

Net grid mould mainly is to be tree body appearance service, and plays the fixedly effect of sapling, and net grid mould forms with materials such as bamboo bar, batten establishment colligation.According to designed tree shape, diameter, make the net grid mould of shapes such as corresponding trapezoidal tubular or distortion tubular.

The requirement of nursery stock description

Select to be fit to local environment, arbor, the shrub plant of weather, soil growth, and have the kind of stronger affinity (healing) ability, no matter seedling or cuttage seeding all can be used.General adopt annual above, height of seedling to reach the healthy and strong sapling more than 70 centimetres.Also can adopt 3 years above big saplings of growth, but should be cut into the stub cultivation, treat to grow on the stub new branch, can utilize.

Cultivation grafting process

At first net grid mould is embedded on the milpa soil, again the close sapling of specification by two strains of every cave, cave apart from 15---plant in net grid mould periphery for 30 centimetres, enclose soil conveniently, carry root, water, and simultaneously the sapling bottom is bundled on the net grid mould.After sapling enters normal growth, cut unnecessary side shoot, prepare to carry out grafting work.

Method is abutted against in employing, operation in order, each sapling is relative " ◇ ", serpentine or other shape tractive to be drawn close, carry out mark, respectively cut four at the position of being abutted against of two mocks subsequently---six centimeter length, the bevel of the 1/3-1/2 of the xylem of pruning approximately, both are combined closely by tangent plane, tie up with plastic strip or numb skin, wait to grow after the healing, remove bundle again.Along with the growth of treelet, still upwards operation as stated above is until reaching desired height.If require higher tree body, can when surpassing first segment net grid mould, sapling increase a joint net grid mould again, finish but must wait the top mock to be abutted against, and after colligation is fixed on net grid mould, remove the bundle of bottom healing place again, split in order to avoid the healing position is stressed; The grafting technology and the said method of distorted shape tree body are basic identical, and different is that sapling will tilt to plant, and upwards operation of shape in the shape of a spiral.When the tree body long to required height and be abutted against finish after, hold back partial tree caulody bar, tree crown and trunk are complementary.Simultaneously, strengthen liquid manure cultivation and management and the extermination of disease and insect pest and in time remove unnecessary bud-leaf on the tree body, in order to avoid its contention nutrient, also can be on trunk grafting evergreen, bloom, the arbor kind of result's phase affinity.Through growing in a few years, tens of strain little trees of a cultivating pool the inside are combined as a whole, it is absorbing nutrition with numerous root systems, the growth rate of the trees of having accelerated, the hole that the mutual grafting of tree body is stayed is long more more little, and because of setting body in the not even influence that is subjected to natural cause of grafting part unbalance stress, nutrient absorption, tree cognition presents uneven, as to be covered with scar knurl feature, one tree wood just shows the ancient tree embryo like this, and the tree body is long more thick more apparent ancient, unique strange, tree crown is huge attractive in appearance, has artistry, practicality and sight.The method that the present invention makes plant grow into ancient tree fast by the moulding grafting is that new way has been found in township afforestation and park and garden construction.

Claims

1, bar (body) appearance, grafting moulding realization are cultivated, set to a kind of method of woody plant graft modeling cultivation by cultivation net grid, nursery stock.It is characterized in that: the nursery stock tractive is tied up shapes such as appearance formation ◇ shape or S shape on the net grid admittedly, and mutual grafting makes its growth be connected to become a tree (body) body to the every strain tree bar (body) after the appearance.

2, woody plant graft modeling cultivation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: grafting is mutually located in connecting part (5) after being chosen in tree bar (body) and setting bar (body) appearance.

3, woody plant graft modeling cultivation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the tree bar tractive of distortion tree body is towards same direction.

4, the method for cultivating according to claim 1 described woody plant graft modeling, it is characterized in that: the net grid can be made into drum shape, trapezoidal barrel-shaped, the barrel-shaped graticule mesh formula net grid of distortion, the net grid vertically are the strip rod member, rectangular rod member colligation is fixed on the retainer plate, establish curved mould in the distortion net grid, the net grid are installed on the model periphery.