CN1533282A - 具有tnf生成抑制作用的组合物和tnf生成抑制剂 - Google Patents

具有tnf生成抑制作用的组合物和tnf生成抑制剂 Download PDF

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CN1533282A
CN1533282A CNA028144104A CN02814410A CN1533282A CN 1533282 A CN1533282 A CN 1533282A CN A028144104 A CNA028144104 A CN A028144104A CN 02814410 A CN02814410 A CN 02814410A CN 1533282 A CN1533282 A CN 1533282A
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tnf
extract
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tnf production
disease
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ǰ�����
前辰正
塚川美寿
北原干郎
中川格
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Kanegafuchi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明的目标是提供一种具有TNF生成抑制效应的组合物以及TNF生成抑制剂,其不会引起副作用或安全问题、可以抑制TNF的任何过量生成并且可用于预防或改善各种TNF介导的疾病,诸如慢性炎症、急性炎症、感染性炎症、自身免疫疾病和过敏性疾病。已经发现肉桂、丁香、甘草根以及生姜的提取物中的每一种都有TNF生成抑制效应。因此,上述目标可以通过具有TNF生成抑制效应的组合物和TNF生成抑制剂来达到,该组合物和抑制剂中至少包含肉桂、丁香、甘草根和生姜提取物中的一种。

Description

具有TNF生成抑制作用的组合物 和TNF生成抑制剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有TNF生成抑制效应的组合物和TNF生成抑制剂。更确切地说,该发明涉及一种具有TNF生成抑制效应的组合物和TNF生成抑制剂,通过抑制TNF的过量生成,他们可用于预防或改善各种由TNF介导的疾病,诸如慢性炎性疾病、急性炎性疾病、传染性炎性疾病、自身免疫疾病和过敏性疾病。
背景技术
TNF(肿瘤坏死因子)最早是作为一种抗肿瘤物质被发现的,后来其作为细胞因子参与炎症过程的特征被揭示出来。TNF包括TNF-α和TNF-β(淋巴毒素)。已知TNF-α是在对由各种细胞,通常是巨噬和单核细胞产生的多种刺激物的应答反应中产生的,而TNF-β是T细胞产生的。只要TNF在体内以正常水平产生,它就能在如保护生物体、提高其免疫活性中起到重要作用。然而,当由于这样或那样的原因使得TNF生成或分泌过量时,会引起病理性炎症、诱发或促进TNF介导的疾病,诸如慢性炎症、急性炎症、传染性炎症、自身免疫疾病和过敏性疾病。因此,希望通过抑制TNF的过量生成来预防或改善这类TNF介导的疾病。
在日本Kokai出版物Hei-07-215884中,公布了一种具有TNF生成抑制效应的紫苏(perilla)提取物,其制备过程包括,研磨一种属于Labiatae科的植物叶片,用水、一种有机溶剂如乙醇、或它们的混合物,抽提研碎的叶子,去掉提取组合物中的紫苏醛和提取物中分子量超过10000的部分。该文件还公布,这种紫苏提取物可以有效抵御诸如特应性皮炎等过敏性疾病。
在日本Kokai出版物Hei-03-157330中,公布了表没食子儿茶精没食子酸酯,即茶(Camellia sinensis L.)叶中的一种成分,可以有效地作为抗过敏因子。在日本Kokai出版物Hei-10-72361中,公布了一种茶叶提取物具有TNF生成抑制效应,该提取物通过用水、一种有机溶剂、或其混合物抽提茶叶片来获得。
除了此类紫苏提取物和茶叶提取物,Marion Man-Ying Chan(生化药理学,49,1551-1556,1995)和Yoshiaki Abe et al.(药理学研究,39,41-47,1999)报道了姜黄色素,即姜科(Zingiberaceae)姜黄(Curcuma longa L.)中的一种黄色成分,也具有TNF生成抑制效应。然而,至于肉桂、丁香、甘草根或生姜或是它们的提取物是否有TNF生成抑制效应,目前还不清楚。
发明概述
按照前面所说的,本发明的一个目标是提供一种具有TNF生成抑制效应的组合物以及TNF生成抑制剂,其不会引起副作用或安全问题、可以抑制TNF的任何过量生成并且可用于预防或改善TNF介导的疾病。
本发明者们为完成上述目标作了深入的研究,结果发现肉桂(cinnamon)提取物、丁香(clove)提取物、甘草(licorice)根提取物以及生姜(ginger)提取物都有TNF生成抑制效应。根据这一发现,他们目前已经完成了本发明。
因此本发明涉及一种具有TNF生成抑制效应的组合物,其中至少包括肉桂、丁香、甘草根以及生姜的提取物之一。
此外,本发明涉及一种TNF生成抑制剂,其中至少包括肉桂、丁香、甘草根以及生姜的提取物之一。
而且,本发明涉及上述TNF生成抑制剂,其目的用于食品/饮料;以及上述TNF抑制剂,其目的用于制药。
本发明还涉及一种预防或改善TNF介导疾病的制剂,其包括上述的TNF生成抑制剂。
发明详述
下面是对本发明的详细描述。
本发明具有TNF生成抑制效应的组合物和TNF生成抑制剂各自都至少包括肉桂、丁香、甘草根以及生姜的提取物之一。所述具有TNF生成抑制效应的组合物可以以诸如食物、药物等制品形式来利用,所述TNF生成抑制剂可以以此类提取物本身的形式或从它们衍生的制品形式来利用。
实施本发明中用到的起始植物肉桂是樟科(Lauraceae)的肉桂(Cinnamomum cassia)、锡兰肉桂(C.zeylanicum)或C.loureirii;丁香植物是桃金娘科(Myrtaceae)的Syzygium aromaticum或Eugenia caryophyllata;甘草根植物是Fabaceae科的洋甘草(Glycyrrhiza glabra)、甘草(G.uralensis)或胀果甘草(G.inflate);而生姜植物是姜科的姜(Zingiber officinale)。所有这些植物都有长期广泛的作为食品成分或调味品的历史,而其提取物也已经被批准作为食品添加剂。因此,它们不会带来副作用或安全问题。
实施本发明中所用到的肉桂、丁香、甘草根和生姜的提取物,可以从上述植物中通过溶剂提取等方法而获得。得到所述提取物的方法不仅限于溶剂提取,还有其它提取方法诸如蒸馏以及根据超临界萃取技术用二氧化碳提取等。此外,所述提取物可以以粗制提取物或半纯化提取物的形式用于本发明,除非这些形式中包含有使它们不适用于食品、饮料或药品的杂质。
在进行溶剂提取时,以粉末、碎粒或原初形式存在的上述每一种植物,可以,例如浸在1~20倍体积的下述溶剂中,然后在-20~100℃、优选1~80℃、更优选20~60℃,搅拌或静置该混合物0.1小时至1个月,优选0.5小时至7天。然后过滤或离心该混合物,浓缩所得提取液以去除溶剂获得目的提取物。
提取所用的溶剂包括,水、丙酮、乙醇、甘油、乙酸乙酯、丙二醇、己烷和烹调用的脂和油。两种或更多种上述溶剂也可混合使用。优选使用提取后易于除去的有机溶剂,例如丙酮、乙醇、乙酸乙酯和己烷。
这样得到的肉桂、丁香、甘草根和生姜的提取物,每一种都包含具有TNF生成抑制效应的成分。而且,这种具有TNF生成抑制效应的成分可以以一种从该提取物中浓缩或分离出来的形式来利用。
对上述提取物的TNF生成抑制效应进行评价的方法没有特殊限制,但上述提取物可以如下进行评价,例如,将它们加入一种实验系统中,在这里可以对TNF的生成进行诱导。因而,上述提取物可如下进行体外评价:用PMA(佛波醇12-十四烷基13-乙酸酯)或LPS(脂多糖)刺激人的细胞如单核和其它单核性质的细胞,诱导TNF-α的生成,将上述任何提取物加入其中,培养细胞,然后测定培养基中TNF-α浓度。评价也可在体内完成,具体例如利用经LPS或免疫刺激物罗莫肽(romurtide)或OK432处理的小鼠,或实际上利用过敏疾病模型小鼠,将上述任何提取物给予小鼠,其后测定血中TNF浓度。
本发明具有TNF生成抑制效应的组合物和TNF生成抑制剂都可以用于食品/饮料和药物。在形式上没有特别的限定,它们可以以例如食品/饮料的形式来利用,诸如宣称有保健性的食品(用于特殊保健用途的食品和宣称有营养功能的食品)或保健食品、或药品、或准药物等等。
作为食品/饮料,它们可以直接摄入或用已知有利于摄入的载体、助剂等配制成易于摄入的产品,如胶囊、片剂、颗粒等等。在这样的一种配制产品中,本发明TNF生成抑制剂的量优选占重量的0.1~100%,更优选10~90%。此外,它们还可以掺入所有食品和饮料产品的原材料中,如糖果类诸如口香糖、巧克力、糖块、果冻、糕饼、脆饼干(crackers)等;冷冻甜食类诸如冰淇凌、冰糖果等;饮料类如茶、无酒精饮料、营养饮料、美容饮料等;面条类如日本小麦面条、中国面条、意大利式细面条、速食面等;鱼酱类食品如碎鱼和蒸鱼(kamaboko)、鱼肠(chikuwa)、碎肉(hannpen)等;调味品如调料、蛋黄酱、酱油等;含油类产品如人造黄油、黄油、色拉油等;烤制产品、火腿、汤、密封除菌食品、冷冻食品等等。在摄入此类TNF生成抑制性食品或饮料时,以提取物含量为基础来计算,一个成年人每日摄入量优选0.1~1,000mg/kg体重,更优选1~100mg/kg体重。
作为药物产品,在剂型上没有特别的限定,包括胶囊、片剂、粒剂、注射剂、栓剂和贴剂等。这类剂型的制备方法包括,适宜地配伍药学上可用于制剂的原材料,如赋形剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、粘合剂、抗氧化剂、着色剂、聚合抑制剂、促吸收剂、促溶剂、稳定剂等等。以提取物含量为基础来计算,对成年人来说,此类制剂的每日剂量优选0.1~1,000mg/kg,更优选1~100mg/kg,其给药量可为一日一次或一日几次。
作为准药物产品,该组合物可以如下的形式进行应用,特别是如药膏、擦剂、气雾剂、霜剂、肥皂、洗面剂、身体清洁剂、花露水、洗液和洗浴剂等,需要时可伴随有添加剂及其类似成分,其形式能保证适用于身体的各个部分。
预防或改善TNF介导的疾病的制剂,可以用本发明具有TNF生成抑制效应的组合物或TNF生成抑制剂得到。因为在该TNF生成抑制剂中包含的肉桂、丁香、甘草根和/或生姜提取物,每一种都可以抑制TNF生成,所以该制剂可用于预防或改善各种TNF介导的疾病,诸如慢性炎性疾病、急性炎性疾病、传染性炎性疾病、自身免疫疾病和过敏性疾病等。
这里所说的慢性炎症疾病,特别是指,骨关节炎、牛皮癣关节炎、炎症性皮肤疾病(牛皮癣、湿疹性皮炎、脂溢性皮炎、扁平苔藓、天疱疮、大疱性类天疱疮、大疱性表皮松解、荨麻疹、血管性水肿、脉管炎、红斑、皮肤嗜酸细胞增多、痤疮、局限性脱发、嗜酸细胞增多性筋膜炎、动脉硬化等等)、炎性肠疾病(溃疡性结肠炎、Crohn疾病等)以及类似疾病。
这里所说的急性炎症疾病,特别是指,接触性皮炎、成人呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)、败血症(包括败血症诱发的器官疾病等)败血病休克以及类似疾病。
这里所说的感染性炎症疾病,特别是指,内毒素休克、获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)、恶病质,以及其它由细菌、病毒、支原体等等感染引起的炎症疾病(包括由于地方性动物病热和非地方性动物病热引起的发热、疼痛、器官病等),以及类似疾病。
这里所说的自身免疫疾病,特别是指,类风湿性关节炎、关节强直性脊椎炎、系统性红斑狼疮、肾小球肾炎(如肾病综合症(如先天肾病综合症、轻微肾病变))、多发性硬化症、多发性软骨炎、硬皮病、皮肤肌炎、Wegener’s肉芽肿病、活动性慢性肝炎、原发性胆汁性肝硬变、重症肌无力、先天口炎性腹泻、Grave疾病、肉样瘤病、Reiter’s综合症、青少年糖尿病(I型糖尿病)、自身免疫性眼病(内分泌性眼病、非感染性眼色素层炎、角膜炎(如干性角膜结膜炎、春季角膜结膜炎))、自身免疫性血液疾病(溶血性贫血、再生障碍性贫血、先天性血小板减少症等等),以及类似疾病。
这里所说的过敏性疾病,特别是指,特应性皮炎、哮喘性疾病(支气管哮喘、婴儿哮喘、过敏性哮喘、内因性哮喘、外因性哮喘、尘埃性哮喘、延时性哮喘、呼吸道超敏反应、支气管炎等)、过敏性鼻炎,以及类似疾病。
至于其它可能提及的TNF介导疾病,特别是指,抗胰岛素II型糖尿病、耐受反应、也就是在器官或组织移植(心、肾、肝、肺、骨髓、角膜、胰腺、岛细胞、小肠、十二指肠、端、肌肉、神经、黄骨髓、皮肤等的同源或异源移植)时发生的排斥和移植物抗宿主(GvH)疾病、骨质疏松症、癌性恶病质、弥散性血管内凝血、外伤、烧伤、例如被动物或植物成分(包括毒液等)诱导的、或由于服药产生的炎症反应(包括休克),以及类似疾病。
实施本发明的最佳模式
下述实施例更具体地举例说明本发明。但这些实施例并非限定本发明的范围。
(实施例1) 肉桂提取物的制备
用一个玻璃容器,将1000g肉桂粉(Kaneka Sun Spice Co.,Ltd.)浸于5倍体积的乙酸乙酯中,室温、避光静置1星期,偶尔搅拌。接着将该混合物通过滤纸(ADVANTEC No.2)过滤两遍,以除去粉末并回收提取物溶液。该提取物溶液经减压浓缩,去除溶剂并回收到59.57g肉桂提取物。
(实施例2) 丁香提取物的制备
用一个玻璃容器,将600g丁香粉(Kaneka Sun Spice Co.,Ltd.)浸于5倍体积的乙酸乙酯中,室温、避光静置1星期,偶尔搅拌。接着将该混合物通过滤纸(ADVANTEC No.2)过滤两遍,以除去粉末并回收提取物溶液。该提取物溶液经减压浓缩,去除溶剂并回收到47.59g丁香提取物。
(实施例3) 甘草提取物的制备
用一个玻璃容器,将500g甘草粉(Kaneka Sun Spice Co.,Ltd.)浸于5倍体积的乙酸乙酯中,室温、避光静置1星期,偶尔搅拌。接着将该混合物通过滤纸(ADVANTEC No.2)过滤两遍,以除去粉末并回收提取物溶液。该提取物溶液经减压浓缩,去除溶剂并由此获得33.91g甘草提取物。
(实施例4) 生姜提取物的制备
用一个玻璃容器,将700g生姜粉(Kaneka Sun Spice Co.,Ltd.)浸于5倍体积的乙醇中,室温、避光静置1星期,偶尔搅拌。接着将该混合物通过滤纸(ADVANTEC No.2)过滤两遍,以除去粉末并回收提取物溶液。该提取物溶液经减压浓缩,去除溶剂并由此获得41.03g生姜提取物。
(实施例5) TNF生成抑制效应
从每一个健康志愿者身上采血(50ml,加入肝素),然后用Ficoll-PaquePULS(Amersham Pharmacia Biotech)分离单核细胞。所得单核细胞用PBS(磷酸盐缓冲液)洗3次,然后悬浮在RPMI 1640培养基(Life Technologies)中,使其浓度达到5×106细胞/ml,然后以160μl/孔(=8×105细胞/孔)比率加入96孔培养板。在37℃、5%二氧化碳孵箱中培养1小时后,用PBS洗去没有贴附在板上的细胞。在含10%FBS(胎牛血清)的RPMI 1640培养基中,加入在实施例1~4的每一例中获得的提取物(1~30μg/ml)以及PMA(佛波醇12-十四烷基13-乙酸酯,15ng/ml),然后将此培养基以150μl/孔的量加入各孔中,接着在37℃、5%二氧化碳孵箱中培养18~20小时。然后,用ELISA试剂盒(Life Technologies)测定培养基中人TNF-α的浓度。此外,活细胞可用细胞计数试剂盒(DOJINDO LABORATORIES)计数。
这样测得的TNF-α水平和活细胞数见表1,它们是以对照组(未加提取物,仅加了PMA)为100%得到的相对百分数(%对照)。
                              表1
加入量     TNF-α的量(%对照)     活细胞数(%对照)
  对照     -     100     100
  肉桂提取物     10μg/ml     78±24     106
    30μg/ml     8±5     116
  丁香提取物     1μg/ml     69±5     82
    3μg/ml     46±2     117
    10μg/ml     21±7     109
    30μg/ml     9±6     120
  甘草提取物     1μg/ml     112±3     79
    3μg/ml     75±2     122
    10μg/ml     23±13     108
    30μg/ml     4±3     114
  生姜提取物     1μg/ml     83±2     116
    3μg/ml     78±2     128
    10μg/ml     49±5     121
    30μg/ml     8±8     107
从表1中明显看出,肉桂、丁香、甘草根和生姜的提取物都可以按照量效依赖的方式减少TNF-α水平。对所有这些提取物来说,活细胞数是对照组的79~128%,说明TNF-α含量的降低不会造成细胞死亡。这些结果证明肉桂、丁香、甘草根和生姜提取物均有TNF生成抑制效应。
(实施例6) 含肉桂提取物的片剂的制备
肉桂提取物                45重量份
乳糖                      35重量份
晶体纤维素                15重量份
蔗糖脂肪酸酯              5重量份
按照上述配方,用于食品/饮料的含肉桂提取物片剂可通过现有成熟工艺进行规模生产。
(实施例7) 含丁香提取物的软胶囊的制备
丁香提取物                40重量份
麻油                      55重量份
甘油脂肪酸酯              5重量份
按照上述配方,用于食品/饮料的含丁香提取物软胶囊可通过现有成熟工艺进行规模生产。
(实施例8) 含甘草提取物的日本小麦面条的制备
甘草提取物                1重量份
硬面粉                    100重量份
软面粉                    100重量份
食盐                      10重量份
水                        100重量份
按照上述配方,含甘草提取物的日本小麦面条可通过现有成熟工艺进行规模生产。
(实施例9) 含生姜提取物的脆饼干的制备
生姜提取物                1重量份
软面粉                    120重量份
食盐                      1重量份
发酵粉                    2重量份
黄油                      30重量份
水                        40重量份
按照上述配方,含生姜提取物的脆饼干可通过现有成熟工艺进行规模生产。
工业应用
根据本发明,这里提供了一种具有TNF生成抑制效应的组合物和TNF生成抑制剂。根据本发明,该具TNF抑制效应的组合物和该TNF抑制剂,可用于预防或改善各种TNF介导的疾病,诸如慢性炎症、急性炎症、感染性炎症、自身免疫疾病和过敏性疾病。

Claims (5)

1.一种具有TNF生成抑制效应的组合物,其中至少包括肉桂提取物、丁香提取物、甘草根提取物和生姜提取物中的一种。
2.一种TNF生成抑制剂,其中至少包括肉桂提取物、丁香提取物、甘草根提取物和生姜提取物中的一种。
3.权利要求2的TNF生成抑制剂,其用作食品/饮料。
4.权利要求2的TNF生成抑制剂,其用作药物。
5.一种用于预防或改善TNF介导的疾病的制剂,其中包含权利要求2的TNF生成抑制剂。
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CN1309324C (zh) * 2005-05-16 2007-04-11 索连江 保健食品香烟及其制备方法

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