CN1481666A - Method for planting polygonum capilalum - Google Patents
Method for planting polygonum capilalum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The process of planting Polygonum capitapum includes seed collection, raising seedling, culturing, harvesting, treatment and other technological links. The artificially planted Polygonum capitapum has the same biological characteristics and pharmacological characteristics with wild Polygonum capitapum, and may be used in extracting medicine component as that from wild Polygonum capitapum.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of kind method for planting of Chinese herbal medicine, particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of method of planting the headdress flower knotweed.
Headdress flower knotweed (Polygonum capitatum Buch-Ham.ex D.Don), it is red to have another name called the four seasons, the polygonaceae arsesmart, perennial herb is medicinal herbs most in use among the people.All there is distribution in Guizhou, Yunnan, Guangxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi in China, mainly are grown in hillside, mountain valley and are rich in the sand shale area in coal seam.The headdress flower knotweed mainly has effects such as clearing heat and detoxicating, inducing diuresis for treating strangurtia.Beginning is stated from 1963 " Guangxi Chinese medicinal herbal " second, is mainly used in rheumatalgia." Chinese medicine voluminous dictionary " first volume recorded in 1977, was mainly used in dysentery, ephritis, cystitis, lithangiuria etc." Guizhou Province's traditional Chinese medicine quality standard " version in 1988 reaches " Guizhou Miao ethnic group medical research and exploitation " and all records.Along with the development of medicinal career, people are to the further raising of headdress flower knotweed herb resource and quality of medicinal material requirement, and wild resource bursts to lack has become a serious problem, and the artificial planting culture technique of research and development headdress flower knotweed seems very necessary and urgent.Be scientifically protection and the natural resources that reasonably develops the headdress flower knotweed; we are by to consulting of documents and materials and investigating of grown place; biological property to the headdress flower knotweed; habit of growth; introduction and acclimatization and standardized cultivation are studied, and have invented a kind of method of effective plantation headdress flower knotweed.
Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method of planting the headdress flower knotweed.
The headdress flower knotweed is a herbaceos perennial, and it has following biological property and habit:
1. biological property: perennial herb.Stem spreads, and tip is tiltedly given birth to upwards.The leaf alternate, ellipse, long 2-5cm, wide 1-2cm.The anxious point of tip, the base portion wedge shape, full edge, the red echinid of tool, above green, herringbone blush is often arranged, below green band aubergine, the two sides is all by the brown pubescence; Petiole is short or be bordering on stockless, base portion tool herbaceous stem ear shape sheet, and the stipule shape, tip is smooth, villosity.Capitulum is upright, and give birth on the top or armpit is given birth to, single give birth to or in pairs, subsphaeroidal; The perianth pale red, 5 drastic cracks, sliver ellipse, tip are slightly blunt, are about 2mm, 8 pieces on stamen, filigree white, transparent, the body of gland yellow green, Long Circle is positioned at the filigree base portion, and flower pesticide is light blue; Ovary is upper, green-yellow, and smooth surface, superior part of interlobule 3 splits, the column cap sphere.Achene is wrapped in the perianth of depositing the place, and is avette, black tool 3 ribs, smooth no hair.The florescence 6-11 month, the fruit phase 7-12 month.
2. habit of growth
2.1 ecotope:
The headdress flower knotweed is born in high mountain, hills, the foot of a mountain, river valley and the ridge, border district, field, industrial and mineral and roadside, stockaded village, and vertical distribution is between height above sea level 350-3500m.The Guizhou vertical distribution is at 350m (Libo)-1900m (Pan county), and its adaptive capacity is stronger, and is drought-resistant barren, more cold-resistant, but its seed germination needs sufficient hydrothermal condition, and growth is vigorous in the environment fertile, that hydro-thermal is abundant, illumination is good and moistening that loosens.In the main producing region, well-grown on the chesson of sand shale or the growth of coal measures layer, in flakes normal, form more single ground cover plant.
2.2 growth weather:
The producing region is located in area, middle part, the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, is the high originality monsoon climate of middle subtropical zone, average 1614.9 hours sunshine, 102.26 kilocalories/square centimeter of the average width of cloth amounts of penetrating; 15.2 ℃ of average temperatures of the whole year, 5527.5 ℃ of year total accumulated temperature, mean annual precipitation 1383.9mm mainly concentrates on 5,6,7,8,9, October (month rainfall surpasses 100mm), and relative moisture is higher; Between 70%-90%.
2.3 soil for growth:
Be mainly yellow earth, purple soil and mountain yellow brown soil three major types, the yellow earth class comprises the soil species of sa yellow earth, irony yellow earth and yellow mud penus, and the purple great soil group mainly contains sheep hepatolith soil and purple earth, and soil layer is thinner.Because the gradient is bigger, often be piled into loose sand earth through rain drop erosion, wherein organic and nitrogen content is all lower, mostly be three, level Four native naturally (organic 1-3%, nitrogen 0.05-0.15% entirely)
By observing and understand the biological property and the habit of growth of headdress flower knotweed, we are through studying for a long period of time and testing, and explore a kind ofly to comprise seed collecting, breed, cultivate and the headdress flower knotweed kind method for planting of the sport technique segments such as processing of gathering.
Method of the present invention is implemented by following technical scheme.One. the seed collecting technology
1, the recognition methods of seed maturity: cephaloid becomes dark white by pink, and the seed major part becomes corvinus in spending.
2, collect seed: dry in the shade the 8-12 month or dry the back threshing, with the dustpan impurity elimination thing of winnowing with a dustpan with hand getting collection fruit or ripe headdress flower knotweed cephaloid (really) preface.
3, seed choosing method comprises:
1. wet cleaning process places dry headdress flower knotweed seed the container that proper amount of clear water is housed to stir two minutes, and leaves standstill half an hour, remove upper strata premature seed and water then, the seed of heavy water to going out to dry in the shade, is loaded in the ventilative cloth bag, places dry shady and cool place or place refrigerator to preserve.
2. pneumatic concentration is selected clean seed with bellows or dustpan.
4, storage practice:
(1) low temperature storage: put in the 4-7 ℃ of refrigerator-freezer.
(2) room temperature storage: place dry shady and cool ventilation part.Two. raising technology:
1, sexual reproduction technique
(1) sowing in the field: the 3-5 month, select rainy season, preferably overcast and rainy, in the ground of choosing, spread the farmyard manure that 5000kg becomes thoroughly decomposed every per mu sparing, and the 30cm that turns over then is dark, in conjunction with whole soil, picks up various perennial roots and big chad.Make furrow wide 1 meter, high 10cm according to landform, the furrow face evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields composite fertilizer, and the mu consumption is 100kg, in conjunction with whole fine earth earth and furrow soil mixing.Every mu with kind of 1kg and 20kg fine earth mixing then, evenly is spread on the furrow face.
(2) seedling raising and transplanting:
1. point disk seedling growing
The preparation of A, seedling medium: get field soil, well-rotted farmyard manure, perlite respectively by 3: 1: 1 volume mixing, cross seven sieves, be loaded on then in the dish of cave, and water permeable.
B, cave dish specification: every dish 180 caves, footpath, cave 3cm, the dark 4cm in cave.
C, sowing: every bunch planting 5-10 grain seed is put in the booth of preserving moisture.Sowing time is the 1-3 month.
D, management:
A water spray: sprayed a water with sprayer every 2 days.
The b temperature control: temperature of shed is controlled between 15-30 ℃.Emerged in general about 10 days.
The c thinning: every cave kept for 2 strain strong sprouts, and remaining goes; After waiting to grow 2 pieces of true leaves, remove the weak seedling of a wherein strain, every cave final singling 1 strain;
D weeding: pull out the weeds that sprout in the dish of cave at any time.
E hardening: the 3-5 month,, go out one week of canopy hardening when seedling tool more than four pieces during true leaf.
2. grow seedlings in the seedbed
The preparation in A, seedbed: in the booth of preserving moisture, the 30cm that turns over is dark, in conjunction with whole soil, pick up various perennial roots and big chad, vertical canopy furrow wide 1 meter to making, high 10cm, the furrow face evenly spreads the farmyard manure and the composite fertilizer of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and every square metre of consumption is respectively 10kg and 0.2kg, in conjunction with whole fine earth earth and furrow soil mixing, water permeable then;
B, sowing: every square metre with seed 2g and an amount of fine earth mixing, evenly is spread on the furrow face, and the sowing time is the annual 1-3 month;
C, management:
A water spray: sprayed a water every 2 days with sprayer, emerged in general about 10 days;
The b temperature control: temperature of shed is controlled between 15-30 ℃;
The c thinning: suitably pull out closeer seedling, density remains on about 2cm * 2cm;
D uprooting weed: pull out the weeds that sprout in the seedbed at any time.
2, vegetative propagation technique
(1) division propagation: in the 3-10 month, directly plant in off-the-shelf big Tanaka with the headdress flower knotweed stem branch of shrub and hedge trimmer clip band adventive root from big Tanaka, stem branch length is to have 2 joints about 15cm at least.Planting depth is about 10cm, and density is 30cm * 30cm.
(2) cottage propagation:
1. prepare in the seedbed:
A, get field soil, well-rotted farmyard manure, perlite, cross seven sieves, be loaded on 72 holes then, the aperture is in 4cm, the dark 4cm cave dish, and water permeable respectively by 3: 1: 1 volume mixing.
B, in the ground of growing seedlings, the 20cm that turns over is dark, in conjunction with whole soil, pick up various perennial roots and big chad, make furrow wide 1 meter, high 10cm behind the whole fine earth, the furrow face evenly spreads the farmyard manure and the composite fertilizer of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and every square metre of consumption is respectively 10kg and 0.2kg, in conjunction with whole fine earth earth and furrow soil mixing, water permeable then.
2. the clip of plugged ear: the clip tool saves more than 2, the headdress flower knotweed stem branch of long 7-10cm is as plugged ear, and every stem cutting fringe stays 1 piece of true leaf, is put in the container that clear water is housed while cutting.
3. cottage method: use the small wooden thicker than plugged ear, insert in the hole of dark about 3cm, the ground of growing seedlings in dish seedbed, cave, plugged ear is inserted in the hole of press seeding row spacing 5cm * 15cm, inserting dark about 3cm then, inserted the saturating clear water of back spray, and be 50% sunshade net sunshade with light transmittance.
4. management: spray clear water every three days a time, and weed out the rank grass at any time.Three. culture technique
1, choosing ground: preferably select sand loam, pH5-7, the cohesive soil and the end,, hollow easily chaor should not be selected for use.
2, wholely: in the ground of choosing, spread the farmyard manure that 5000kg becomes thoroughly decomposed every per mu sparing, and the 30cm that turns over then is dark, in conjunction with whole soil, picks up various perennial roots and big chad.Before the transplanting, make furrow wide 1 meter, high 10cm according to landform, the furrow face evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields composite fertilizer, and the mu consumption is 100kg, in conjunction with whole fine earth earth and furrow soil mixing.
3, transplanting time: the annual 3-10 month, preferably select the cloudy day to transplant the 3-5 month.
4, transplant density: seeding row spacing is 30cm * 30cm.
5, transplanting method: plant by top density cave, every cave one seedling, balled transplanting waters normal root water after having planted.
6, cultivation uproot: after the transplanting, hoed up weeds once, until the envelope row every 10 days.
7, sprinkling irrigation is taked precautions against drought: do not rain in continuous 5 days, and started the sprinkling irrigation system water spray every afternoon once, each one hour.
8, dredge the ditch prevention waterlogging: continuous heavy rain more than 2 days, in time dredge drain ditch in the field, anti-ponding is in order to avoid cause the headdress flower knotweed to rot root.
9, fertilising: execute every year once, the time is second day after gathering, and every mu of the farmyard manure 3000kg that executes to become thoroughly decomposed, composite fertilizer 50kg execute the back and in time ploughs under in the soil in conjunction with intertillage.Four. gather and process
1, collecting time: can gather twice every year, but must gather about July for the first time, do not surpass early October for the second time the latest, guarantees can seal row before frost arrives, and prevents freeze injury, passes the winter in order to headdress flower knotweed safety.If only gather once, all can gather at the beginning of the 7-10 month.
2, collecting method: extract acrial part with reaping hook, base portion keeps old stem 10-15cm, sprouts in order to shoot.
3, processing method:
(1) oven dry: gather the same day, and put in the drying room and dry.Temperature is controlled at about 50 ℃, can dry in general 24 hours.The rate of giving money as a gift is about 20%.
(2) dry: select fine day, dry on the spot.
(3) dry in the shade: choose back, put the ventilation that is not caught in the rain and dry in the shade.
The present invention can further specify by following test and result thereof.
1. sexual propagation research:
1.1. wet concentration percentage of seedgermination test, because the kernel maturing that the same time gathers is different, will influence percentage of seedgermination, this test adopts wet cleaning process to isolate two types seed (heavy water with swim), what sink water is mature seed, what swim is non-maturation or abortive seed, the germination of observing two types of seeds of contrast.See Table 1
Table 1: the germination of the heavy water seed and the seed of swimming
Seed category seed grain number (grain) is emerged and is counted the average plant height (cm) of (strain) emergence rate (%)
Heavy water seed 20 16 80 2.1
The seed 30 8 26.7 1.5 of swimming
Conclusion: heavy water seed exceeds 53.3% than the emergence rate of the seed of swimming, and growing way is better, illustrate to sink the water seed full maturation of seed of swimming relatively, in headdress flower knotweed seeding and seedling raising, can adopt the wet cleaning process separation to remove immature seed.
1.2 seed germination experiment (in the culture dish)
According to the difference of the thousand kernel weight of seed, the seed of selecting for use Pan county Pan Guan town, Chinese Guizhou Province and Pan county Yang Chang township to gather is done germination test, compares observation.Headdress flower knotweed thousand grain weigth and germination rate, the relation between the germination vigor.See Table 2
Table 2: thousand grain weigth and germination rate, germination vigor
Seed folder source thousand kernel weight (g) germination rate (%) germination vigor (%)
Pan Guan town 0.5770 28.5 20.5
Yang Chang township 0.4912 23.0 17.0
Differ 0.0858 5.5 3.5
Annotate: subnumber * 100% conclusion is planted experimentally in the germination sum/confession of germination vigor=begin to germinate continuous 5 days: headdress flower knotweed seed germination concentrates on preceding 5 days that begin to sprout, in headdress flower knotweed seed seedling-raising, can select the bigger seed of thousand kernel weight for use as far as possible, reach the purpose that improves germination rate.
1.3 seed thickness of earth covering test (in the flowerpot)
Research thickness of earth covering and emergence rate, the gesture of emerging, the relation of planting percent to instruct the correct operation of growing seedlings, reaches the purpose that improves nursery effect.The relation of headdress flower knotweed seed thickness of earth covering and emergence rate.See Table 3
Table 3: thickness of earth covering and emergence rate
Thickness of earth covering (cm) sowing number (grain) emerge sum () emergence rate %
A B C adds up to
0 300 25 35 25 85 28.3
0.5 300 27 25 35 87 29.0
1 300 1 2 8 11 3.7
More than 2 1,500 00000
Conclusion: the emergence rate of headdress flower knotweed seed becomes negative correlation with thickness of earth covering, thickness of earth covering is that the emergence rate of 0cm, 0.5cm is the same substantially, be respectively 28.3% and 29.0%, when being 1cm, thickness of earth covering drops to 3.7% rapidly, earthing is not emerge more than the 2cm, when headdress flower knotweed seed seedling-raising is described, do not answer earthing blocked up, otherwise emergence rate reduce.The relation of thickness of earth covering and planting percent.See Table 4
Table 4: thickness of earth covering and planting percent
5 days sums of emerging of thickness of earth covering sowing number (grain) () planting percent (%) accounts for the emergence rate ratio
A B C adds up to
0 300 20 13 19 51 17 60.7
0.5 300 24 19 29 72 24 82.8
1 300 1 2 8 11 3.7 10.0
More than 2 1,500 000000
Conclusion: earthing 0.5cm planting percent is the highest, accounts for 82.8% this explanation of emergence rate: earthing slightly helps improving planting percent
2 vegetative propagations research:
The cottage propagation test: for breeding of headdress flower knotweed improved seeds provides the feasibility method, test statistics the results are shown in Table 5
Table 5: the survival rate and the seedling matter of the different cutting mediums of headdress flower knotweed
Pilot project peat soil perlite is introduced a fine variety ground sandy soil mixed-matrix
The cuttage number () 36 36 36 36
Survive the number () 35 36 36 36
Survival rate (%) 97 100 100 100
Newborn average branch number () 1.9 1.69 1.67 1.92
Innovation is on average grown (cm) 1.86 1.77 2.07 2.93
New leave mean (piece) 3 3.5 3.5 4.0
Conclusion: see that from the survival rate of four kinds of matrix headdress flower knotweed stem branch is highly susceptible to cutting survival, but, see on innovation average length, the new leave mean from headdress flower knotweed plugged ear innovation number, best with mixed-matrix.This explanation, matrix nutrient foot can be cultivated cuttage strong sprout, and not influence cuttage survival rate.
3. wild headdress flower knotweed introduction and cultivation
This test wild headdress flower knotweed of the live body of introducing a fine variety from the Pan county, be cut into " the main root seedling is arranged " and ' " indefinite offspring ", plant by different densities, understand survival rate and growing way situation with contrast
3.1 indefinite offspring with main root shoot survival percent situation is arranged, statistics sees Table 6
Table 6: the survival rate of indefinite offspring and main root seedling
Seedling type plantation number () survive number () survival rate (%)
Indefinite offspring 603 545 90.4
Main root seedling 603 572 94.7 is arranged
3.2 indefinite offspring has the growing way situation of main root seedling.The results are shown in Table 7
Table 7: indefinite offspring and the growing way that the main root seedling is arranged
The seedling type speed second time first time is speed for the third time
Area coverage cm
2Area coverage cm
2Times area coverage cm
2Doubly
Indefinite offspring 49.8 285.4 5.8 613.8 12.3
Main root seedling 72.1 324.9 4.1 698.9 9.60 is arranged
Differ-22.3-39.5 1.7-85.1 2.7
Conclusion: the plantation of headdress flower knotweed is easy to survive, and on area coverage, have the growing way of main root seedling slightly to be better than indefinite offspring, but on growth rate, the adventive root growing way is better than the main root seedling.For the second time differ 1.7 times, differ 2.7 times for the third time, on the seedling size, indefinite offspring is only branch seedling, and it is the branch seedling that the main root seedling is arranged, and difference is little on the area coverage of two seedlings, tentatively can infer, indefinite offspring growing way should be better than the main root seedling.
4. analyze according to the front result of study:
4.1 the seed that maturity is high, the germination rate height
4.2 seed germination and the plantation seedling to water, heat the requirement height, at high temperature, seed germination is fast under the super-humid conditions, the survival rate height.
4.3 seed germination at photo-thermal, under the water sufficiency, can be sprouted at least in 7 days, can Cheng Miao about 55 days.
4.4 in field seedling raising, with broadcasting sowing behind seed and the fine earth mixing, seed sprouting is more even, seedling is more strong.
4.5 vegetative propagation is planted indefinite offspring and is looked soon than band main root seedling, better, can adopt the indefinite offspring of plantation in the plantation of land for growing field crops.Five, the comparison of wild and tame kind headdress flower knotweed aspect chemistry and pharmacodynamics
A, chemical aspect:
Plant the headdress flower knotweed in the difference aspect chemistry and the pharmacodynamics in order to investigate wild headdress flower knotweed and family, we in mid-April, 2002 gather from samaphore village, pool town, Pan county, Guizhou Province wild headdress flower knotweed acrial part (wounded in the battle) sample; Gather from mountain pass village, Niu Dachang town, Shibing County, Guizhou Province in by the end of May, 2002 tame kind of headdress flower knotweed acrial part (wounded in the battle) sample.The sample situation sees Table 8.
Table 8
Title gets bright product and dries the back general flavone gallic acid of giving money as a gift of measuring
Amount (kg) is rate (%) content (%) content (%) (kg)
Wild headdress flower knotweed acrial part (wounded in the battle) 660 131.5 19.92 1.54 0.025
Headdress flower knotweed acrial part (wounded in the battle) 23 5.4 23.47 2.08 0.065 is planted by family
The preparation of extract powder:
(1) get wild headdress flower knotweed acrial part (wounded in the battle) 220kg, clean, add 7 times of water gagings, heating was boiled 1.5 hours, filtered; Add 6 times of water gagings in the dregs of a decoction, boiled 1.0 hours, filter.Merging filtrate, concentrate medicinal extract, atomized drying obtains extract powder (W-2-1) 23kg.
(2) get house and plant headdress flower knotweed acrial part (wounded in the battle) 4.5kg, clean, add water 68kg and boiled 1.5 hours, filter; The dregs of a decoction add water 45kg, boil 1.0 hours, filter.Merging filtrate, concentrate medicinal extract, vacuum drying, extract powder (w-2-4) 0.6kg.
(3) get headdress flower knotweed herb 300.95kg, clean, add 7 times of water gagings, heating was boiled 1.5 hours, filtered; The dregs of a decoction add 6 times of water gagings, boil 1.0 hours, filter.Merging filtrate, concentrate medicinal extract, atomized drying obtains extract powder (W-1-2) 34.5kg.
Experimental data sees Table 9 tables 9
Title medicinal material throwing amount extract powder (kg) yield (%) general flavone gallic acid content
(kg) content (%) (%)
W-2-1 220 23 10.45 4.71 3.99
W-2-4 4.5 0.6 13.33 5.37 4.41
W-1-2 300.95 34.5 11.46 1.82 1.78
Conclusion: the rate of giving money as a gift, general flavone content, gallic acid content that the headdress flower knotweed is planted by family all are higher than wild headdress flower knotweed; And planting the headdress flower knotweed with family is that all to be higher than with wild headdress flower knotweed be the extract powder that raw material is made for yield, general flavone content, gallic acid content that raw material is made extract powder.
B, pharmacodynamics aspect: I, anti-inflammatory activity comparative study one, experiment material 1, experiment medicine
(1) headdress flower knotweed extract powder
Table 10
The every gram sample of general flavone is suitable
The sample gallic acid
Title content is in crude drug in whole
Numbering content (%)
(％) (g/g)
W-2-1 Pan county medicinal material medicinal extract 4.71 3.99 9.57
Powder (wild)
W-2-4 Shibing medicinal material medicinal extract 5.37 4.41 7.50
Powder (family plants)
W-1-2 headdress flower knotweed extract powder 1.82 1.78 8.72
(herb)
(2) positive control drug
Hydrocortisone: Jin Jin pharmaceutical factory in Tianjin produces, lot number: 20010217.2, animal
Healthy KM kind mouse, male, body weight 25-30 gram is provided the quality certification by Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics's animal center: real moving Guan Zhidi 99-30 number of river.Environmental condition: 26.4 ℃ of temperature, humidity 81%.3, reagent
Proinflammatory agent: croton oil is brown oily liquids, pharmaceutical grade, and lot number: 000309, produce by Jishui County, Jiangxi Province China precious natural medicinal oil factory.With the preceding ethanol of using: water: it is standby that ether (25: 5: 70) mixed solvent is mixed with 1% concentration.4, instrument
BS200S electronics Libra, Sartorias company produces.
HS3120D type ultrasonic oscillator, the permanent AudioCodes skill in Tianjin Development Co., Ltd produces.Two, experimental technique 1, dosage design
With reference to W-1-2 anti-inflammatory activity dosage: 40mg/kg, being converted into crude drug in whole dosage is 348.8mg/kg.As benchmark, all samples is all amounted to etc. under the crude drug dosage and is compared: see the following form.Table 11
Actual dose crude drug content is equivalent to raw medicinal herbs
Numbered samples
Mg/kg (g/g) dosage (mg/kg)
1 W-1-2 40 8.72 348.8
2 W-2-1 36.2 9.57 348.8
3 W-2-4 46.5 7.50 348.8
4 hydrocortisones 20.0--
5 model 0.2ml/20g NS--2, sample preparation
After taking by weighing a certain amount of sample respectively, put in the 10ml scale test tube, add a small amount of water for injection earlier, in ultrasonic, handled 30 minutes, treat to be diluted to the 10ml scale again after sample disperses fully.3, experimental implementation
Divide 5 groups at random with mouse, 10/group, with the soup for preparing by the intravenous injection of 0.2ml/20g body weight, after the administration 10 minutes, get 1% croton oil, 30 μ l and be applied in the mouse right ear inboard, after 4 hours mouse is put to death, get two ears, sweep away two auricles, accurately weigh with Φ 8mm card punch.About the difference of two auricle weight be swelling degree (mg), calculate swelling percentage (%) and inhibitory rate of intumesce (%) with formula down again.
Three, experimental result
Table 12 sees the following form
Group sample number (n) swelling degree (mg) swelling rate (%) inhibitory rate of intumesce (%)
W-1-2 10 10.8±3.12** 72.7±23.9** 32.1
W-2-1 10 10.7±2.90** 73.1±23.8** 32.7
W-2-4 10 11.1±2.51** 79.6±21.5** 30.2
Hydrocortisone 10 4.2 ± 2.70** 30.1 ± 21.9** 73.6
Model
10 15.9±1.85 11.44±17.4 -
0.2ml/20g?NS
Annotate " * * " expression and compare P＜0.01 with model group.Conclusion
Experimental result shows:
(1), wild and tame kind headdress flower knotweed extract powder anti-inflammatory activity compares the branch of nothing quality.
(2), wild and tame kind headdress flower knotweed extract powder all has good anti-inflammatory activity.II, antibacterial activity comparative study:
Wild (W-2-1) and family's kind (W-2-4) headdress flower knotweed extract powder antibacterial activity in vitro (comprising Diplococcus gonorrhoeae) are estimated, indifference is arranged with the antibacterial activity of investigating artificial planting headdress flower knotweed (Shibing medicinal material) and wild headdress flower knotweed (Pan county medicinal material).And compare with headdress flower knotweed extract powder (W-1-2).1, test material and method 1.1 test specimens (1). headdress flower knotweed extract powder table 13
The every gram sample of sample number into spectrum title is equivalent to crude drug in whole (g)
W-2-1 Pan county medicinal material extract powder (wild) 9.57
W-2-4 Shibing medicinal material extract powder (family plants) 7.50
W-1-2 headdress flower knotweed extract powder (herb) 8.72 (2) positive control drugs: Ciprofloxacin: content: 98.5%, lot number 2001-02-012, the three-dimensional pharmaceutical factory in Shanghai produces.1.2 test strain
The test bacterial strain uses therefor is the clinical separation pathogenic bacteria of collecting in the area, Sichuan year June in April, 2002-2002, is used for test after identifying again.
Staphylococcus aureus 8 strains
Staphylococcus epidermidis 2 strains
Escherichia coli 3 strains
Klebsiella Pneumoniae 3 strains
Citrobacter 2 strains
Enterobacter cloacae 2 strains
Diplococcus gonorrhoeae 10 strains
Amount to: 20 strains
Quality Control bacterial strain: staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923
Escherichia coli ATCC259221.3 medium
MH medium (available from Nat'l Pharmaceutical ﹠ Biological Products Control Institute) is all adopted in the drug sensitive test of Gram-positive, negative bacteria.
The special-purpose T-M medium of Diplococcus gonorrhoeae, Britain Oxoid product are adopted in the drug sensitive test of Diplococcus gonorrhoeae.1.4 test method
Adopt the agar doubling dilution to measure the antibacterial activity in vitro of above three kinds of headdress flower knotweed extract powders to Diplococcus gonorrhoeae, staphylococcus aureus, table Portugal coccus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella Pneumoniae and bacillus citrate, enterobacter cloacae.
The statistical method of experimental data, statistical disposition is carried out in the The data nonparametric methods in statistics-rank test with comparativity.1.5 result of the test
3 kinds of headdress flower knotweed extract powders the results are shown in Table 1～table 4 to the antibacterial activity in vitro of examination bacterial strain.
(1) by table 1, the visible 3 kinds of headdress flower knotweed extract powders of table 3 the examination Diplococcus gonorrhoeae is presented antibacterial activity, MIC value scope is at 31.25-＞250mg crude drug/ml.
(2) 3 kinds of headdress flower knotweed extract powders present better antibacterial activity to the staphylococcus aureus in the clinical separation gram-positive bacteria, table Portugal coccus, and the MIC scope is 8-62.5mg crude drug/ml.Large intestine in the examination Gram-negative bacteria, Klebsiella Pneumoniae, citrobacter and enterobacter cloacae are had certain antibacterial activity, and the MIC scope is at 0.5-500mg crude drug/ml.2, conclusion
(1) 3 kind of headdress flower knotweed extract powder external to Diplococcus gonorrhoeae with clinically separate Gram-positive, negative pathogenic bacteria (golden Portugal bacterium, form staph, large intestine, lung gram, citric acid, enterobacter cloacae) all have antibacterial action.Wherein the antibiotic vigor of Diplococcus gonorrhoeae and gram-positive bacteria is better than antibiotic vigor to Gram-negative bacteria.
(2) antibacterial activity of family's kind Shibing headdress flower knotweed extract powder slightly is better than wild Pan county headdress flower knotweed extract powder. handle the two there was no significant difference but learn by statistics.
The result of the test of the wild and cultivation headdress flower knotweed extract powder external anti-Diplococcus gonorrhoeae of table 14
MIC (the mg crude drug/ml)
Wild headdress flower knotweed soaks cultivation headdress flower knotweed and soaks wild headdress flower knotweed
The test strain Ciprofloxacin
Cream powder cream powder extract powder (herb)
(bacterium number) (ug/ml)
W-2-1 W-2-4 W-1-2
Diplococcus gonorrhoeae 0,201 250 250 250 0.25
Diplococcus gonorrhoeae 0,202 125 62.5 125 0.06
Diplococcus gonorrhoeae 0,101 250＞250＞250 0.25
Diplococcus gonorrhoeae 0,203 250 125 250 0.125
Diplococcus gonorrhoeae 0,102 250 125 250 0.5
Diplococcus gonorrhoeae 0,204 62.5 31.25 62.5 0.06
Drench pain Neisseria 0,103 250 125 250 0.25
Diplococcus gonorrhoeae 0,104 250 125 250 0.25
Diplococcus gonorrhoeae 0,205 250 125 250 0.125
Wild and the cultivation headdress flower knotweed extract powder of Diplococcus gonorrhoeae 0,206 250 125 250 0.06 table 15 is to the in-vitro antibacterial result of the test of 22 strain pathogenic bacteria
MIC (the mg crude drug/ml)
Ciprofloxacin
Bacterium (bacterium number) W-2-1 W-2-4 W-1-2
(ug/ml)
Gold Portugal bacterium 02,193 31.25 0.5 31.25 0.5
Gold Portugal bacterium 02,194 15.6 0.5 31.25 0.5
Gold Portugal bacterium 02,196 31.25 0.5 31.25 0.25
Gold Portugal bacterium 02,198 62.5 1 62.5 1
Gold Portugal bacterium 021,914 62.5 1 62.5 0.5
Gold Portugal bacterium 021,915 31.25 0.5 31.25 0.25
Gold Portugal bacterium 021,916 31.25 1 62.5 0.5
Gold Portugal bacterium 021,918 4 0.5 15.6 0.25
The gold bacterium ATCC25923 of Portugal 2 0.5 8 0.125
Form staph 02,201 8 0.5 15.6 1
Form staph 02,208 8 0.5 31.25 0.5
Large intestine 0,212 250 250 250 2
Large intestine 0,216 500 250 250 4
Large intestine 0,211 250 250 250 2
Large intestine ATCC25922 125 125 125 0.06
Lung restrains 0,261 15.6 0.5 31.25 2
Lung restrains 0,266 250 250 250 4
Lung restrains 0,239 500 250 500 0.5
Citrobacter 0,274 125 250 125 0.25
Citrobacter 0,275 62.5 250 125 0.125
Bacillus cloacae 0,291 250 250 500 1
Bacillus cloacae 0,293 250 250 250 4
Wild and the cultivation headdress flower knotweed extract powder of table 16 distributes to the MIC of clinical separation 10 strain Diplococcus gonorrhoeae
MIC (the mg crude drug/ml)
Bacterium
Test specimen (strain number)
＞250 250 125 62.5 31.25 15.6 8 4 2 MIC
50 MIC
90
Drench W-2-1 081100000 250 250
Sick W-2-4 116110000 125 250
How
Plucked instrument W-1-2 161000000 250 250
The MIC of bacterium Ciprofloxacin
50, MIC
90Be respectively 0.125ug/ml and 0.25ug/ml.
Wild and the cultivation headdress flower knotweed extract powder of table 17 distributes to the MIC of 22 strain pathogenic bacteria
MIC (the mg crude drug/ml)
Test specimen
＞1000 1000 500 250 125 62.5 31.25 15.6 8 4 2 1 0.5 MIC
50 MIC
90
W-2-1 2 5 1 3 4 2 2 1 31.25 250
W-2-4 9 3 8 1 250
W-1-2 2 5 2 3 6 2 62.5 250
The MIC of Ciprofloxacin
50, MIC
90Be respectively 0.5ug/ml and 4ug/ml.
Not only the headdress flower knotweed of biological property and spontaneous growth is identical with the headdress flower knotweed of method of the present invention plantation, and its pharmacy feature is also identical with natural headdress flower knotweed, and its extract can replace the extract of natural plants as medicinal.
Claims (5)
1. method of planting the headdress flower knotweed comprises that the following step poly-:
(1) collects seed: drying in the shade the annual 8-12 month or drying the back threshing with integrated ripe headdress flower knotweed cephaloid of hand getting or infructescence;
(2) seed selection:
1. wet cleaning process places dry headdress flower knotweed seed the container that proper amount of clear water is housed to stir two minutes, and leaves standstill half an hour, remove upper strata premature seed and water then, the seed of heavy water to going out to dry in the shade, is loaded in the ventilative cloth bag, places dry shady and cool place or place refrigerator to preserve.
2. pneumatic concentration is selected clean seed with bellows or dustpan.
(3) breed: adopt sexual breeding or pierre;
(4) cultivation:
(5) gather and process.
2. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that sexual breeding comprises sowing in the field and seedling raising and transplanting,
(1) sowing in the field comprises: in the annual 3-5 month, select overcast and rainyly in the ground of choosing, every per muly evenly spread the farmyard manure that 5000kg becomes thoroughly decomposed, the 30cm that turns over then is dark, in conjunction with whole soil, pick up various perennial roots and big chad, make furrow wide 1 meter, high 10cm according to landform, the furrow face evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields composite fertilizer, the mu consumption is 100kg, in conjunction with whole fine earth earth and furrow soil mixing, organize native mixing with kind of 1kg and 20kg for every mu then, evenly be spread on the furrow face;
(2) seedling raising and transplanting: comprise that point disk seedling growing or seedbed grow seedlings, wherein:
1. point disk seedling growing
The preparation of A, seedling medium: get field soil, well-rotted farmyard manure, perlite respectively by 3: 1: 1 volume mixing, cross seven sieves, be loaded on then in the dish of cave, and water permeable;
B, cave dish specification: every dish 180 caves, footpath, cave 3cm, the dark 4cm in cave;
C, sowing: every bunch planting 5-10 grain seed is put in the booth of preserving moisture; Sowing time is the annual 1-3 month;
D, management:
A water spray: sprayed a water with sprayer every 2 days;
The b temperature control: temperature of shed is controlled between 15-30 ℃;
The c thinning: every cave kept for 2 strain strong sprouts, and remaining goes; After waiting to grow 2 pieces of true leaves, remove the weak seedling of a wherein strain, every cave final singling 1 strain;
D uprooting weed: pull out the weeds that sprout in the dish of cave at any time;
E hardening: the 3-5 month,, go out one week of canopy hardening when seedling tool more than 4 pieces during true leaf;
2. grow seedlings in the seedbed
The preparation in A, seedbed: in the booth of preserving moisture, the 30cm that turns over is dark, in conjunction with whole soil, pick up various perennial roots and big chad, vertical canopy furrow wide 1 meter to making, high 10cm, the furrow face evenly spreads the farmyard manure and the composite fertilizer of becoming thoroughly decomposed, and every square metre of consumption is respectively 10kg and 0.2kg, in conjunction with whole fine earth earth and furrow soil mixing, water permeable then;
B, sowing: every square metre with seed 2g and an amount of fine earth mixing, evenly is spread on the furrow face, and the sowing time is the annual 1-3 month;
C, management:
A water spray: sprayed a water with sprayer every 2 days;
The b temperature control: temperature of shed is controlled between 15-30 ℃;
The c thinning: suitably pull out closeer seedling, density remains on about 2cm * 2cm;
D uprooting weed: pull out the weeds that sprout in the seedbed at any time.
3. according to the process of claim 1 wherein that pierre comprises division propagation and cottage propagation,
(1) division propagation comprises: in the 3-10 month, directly plant in off-the-shelf big Tanaka with the headdress flower knotweed stem branch of shrub and hedge trimmer clip band adventive root from big Tanaka, stem branch length is about 15cm, and planting depth is about 10cm, and density is 30cm * 30cm;
(2) cottage propagation comprises:
1. prepare in the seedbed:
A. get field soil: well-rotted farmyard manure: perlite is crossed seven sieves by 3: 1: 1 volume mixing, is loaded on 72 holes then, the aperture is in 4cm, the dark 4cm cave dish, and waters permeable;
B. in the ground of growing seedlings, the 20cm that turns over is dark, in conjunction with whole soil, pick up various perennial roots and big chad, vertical canopy is to the furrow of making wide 1m, high 10cm, and the furrow face evenly spreads the farmyard manure and the composite fertilizer of becoming thoroughly decomposed, every square metre of consumption is respectively 10kg and 0.2kg, in conjunction with whole fine earth earth and furrow soil mixing;
2. the clip of plugged ear: the headdress flower knotweed stem branch of 2 joints of clip tool, long 7-10cm is as plugged ear, and every stem cutting fringe stays 1 piece of true leaf, is put in while cutting in the container that clear water is housed;
3. cottage method: use the small wooden thicker, in dish seedbed, cave, insert in the hole of dark about 3cm, the ground of growing seedlings, press the hole that seeding row spacing 5cm * 15cm inserts dark about 3cm, insert plugged ear then, spray saturating clear water after having inserted, and be 50% sunshade net sunshade with light transmittance than plugged ear;
4. management: spray clear water every three days a time, and weed out the rank grass at any time.
4. according to the method for one of claim 1-3, wherein cultivation comprises following sport technique segment:
(1) choosing ground: select sand loam;
(2) wholely: in the ground of choosing, every even farmyard manure that 5000kg becomes thoroughly decomposed that spreads per mu, the 30cm that turns over then is dark, in conjunction with whole soil, pick up various perennial roots and big chad, before the transplanting, make furrow wide 1 meter, high 10cm according to landform, the furrow face evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields composite fertilizer, and the mu consumption is 100kg, in conjunction with whole fine earth earth and furrow soil mixing;
(3) transplanting time: the annual 3-5 month, select overcast and rainy transplanting;
(4) transplant density: seeding row spacing is 30cm * 30cm;
(5) transplanting method: plant by top density cave, every cave one seedling, balled transplanting waters normal root water after having planted;
(6) cultivation uproot: after the transplanting, hoed up weeds once, until the envelope row every 10 days;
(7) sprinkling irrigation is taked precautions against drought: do not rain in continuous 5 days, and started the sprinkling irrigation system water spray every afternoon once, each one hour;
(8) dredge the ditch prevention waterlogging: continuous heavy rain more than 2 days, in time dredge drain ditch in the field, anti-ponding is in order to avoid cause the headdress flower knotweed to rot root;
(9) fertilising: execute every year once, the time is second day after gathering, and every mu of the farmyard manure 3000kg that executes to become thoroughly decomposed, composite fertilizer 100kg execute the back and in time ploughs under in the soil in conjunction with intertillage.
5. according to the method for one of claim 1-3, wherein gather and processing comprises following sport technique segment:
(1) collecting time: can gather twice every year, but must gather about July for the first time, do not surpass early October for the second time the latest, guarantee to seal row before frost arrives, prevent freeze injury, pass the winter in order to headdress flower knotweed safety, if only gather once, 7-10 all can gather the first tenday period of a month month;
(2) collecting method: extract acrial part with reaping hook, base portion keeps old stem 10-15cm, sprouts in order to shoot;
(3) processing method:
1) oven dry: gather the same day, and put in the drying room and dry.Temperature is controlled at about 50 ℃, can dry in general 24 hours, and the rate of giving money as a gift is about 20%;
2) dry: select fine day, dry on the spot;
3) dry in the shade: choose back, put the ventilation that is not caught in the rain and dry in the shade.
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2002
- 2002-09-12 CN CN 02129685 patent/CN1232163C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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