CN1472576A - 透射式液晶显示单元 - Google Patents

透射式液晶显示单元 Download PDF

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CN1472576A
CN1472576A CNA03147537XA CN03147537A CN1472576A CN 1472576 A CN1472576 A CN 1472576A CN A03147537X A CNA03147537X A CN A03147537XA CN 03147537 A CN03147537 A CN 03147537A CN 1472576 A CN1472576 A CN 1472576A
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liquid crystal
organic electroluminescent
electroluminescent body
colour filter
filter part
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CN1254712C (zh
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加藤祥文
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Toyota Industries Corp
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
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    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
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Abstract

一种液晶显示单元，其具有一个液晶板、数个滤色件和一个有机电致发光装置。该液晶板具有数个子象素。该滤色件具有不同颜色以显示彩色图象。每一个滤色件位于相当于至少一个子象素的位置处。该有机电致发光装置位于液晶板之后。该有机电致发光装置具有数个有机电致发光体。每一个有机电致发光体位于一个与从该有机电致发光体发出的光的颜色具有相同颜色的相应滤色件的对面。每一个有机电致发光体向相应滤色件发射光。

Description

透射式液晶显示单元
技术领域
本发明涉及一种透射式液晶显示单元，该单元使用有机电致发光装置作为背光。
背景技术
如图6所示，有人提出使用位于液晶板1之后有机电致发光装置20作为背光的透射式液晶显示单元。有机电致发光装置20包括一个数据电极22、一个反射电极24和一个有机电致发光层30。有机电致发光层30夹在数据电极22和反射电极24之间。有机电致发光层30具有一种透射模式和一种反射模式，在该透射模式中，当电压施加到数据电极22和反射电极24上时，向液晶板1发射白光；在该反射模式中，不施加电压且不发射光。在该透射模式中，从有机电致发光层30发出的光经过液晶板1的滤色片7以显示所需的颜色。在该反射模式中，有机电致发光装置20的反射电极24被用作为一个反射镜。经过液晶板1的入射光由反射电极24反射并经过滤色片7以显示所需的颜色。
在该反射模式中，光经过液晶板1的滤色片7两次，即在进入显示器时和在被反射后离开显示器时。然而，在该透射模式中，从有机电致发光层30发出的白光只经过滤色片7一次。因此，在该透射模式中，颜色不够丰富。
发明内容
因此，本发明的一个目的是提供一种表现出丰富颜色的透射式液晶显示单元。
为达到上述目的，本发明提供了一种液晶显示单元，其包括一个液晶板、数个滤色件和一个有机电致发光装置。该液晶板具有数个子象素。该滤色件具有不同颜色以显示彩色图象。每一个滤色件位于相当于至少一个子象素的位置处。该有机电致发光装置位于液晶板之后起背光作用。该有机电致发光装置具有数个有机电致发光体。每一个有机电致发光体位于一个与从该有机电致发光体发出的光的颜色具有相同颜色的相应滤色件的对面。每一个有机电致发光体向相应滤色件发射光。
本发明的其它方面和优点将从下文结合附图以示例本发明原则的方式示出的说明中得出。
附图说明
参考下面结合附图说明的优选实施例可清楚地理解本发明及其目的和优点，附图所示为：
图1是一个分解部分透视图，示出了根据本发明的一个第一实施例的透射式液晶显示单元；
图2是一个简视图，示出了第一实施例的透射式液晶显示单元；
图3是一个简视图，示出了根据本发明的一个第二实施例的透射式液晶显示单元；
图4是一个分解部分透视图，示出了根据第二实施例的透射式液晶显示单元；
图5是一个简视图，示出了根据一个修改实施例的有机电致发光件；和
图6是一个简视图，示出了现有技术的透射式液晶显示单元。
具体实施方式
现在结合图1和2说明根据本发明的一个第一实施例的透射式液晶显示单元。在图1和2中，上侧称为前侧(显示侧或光发射方向)，下侧称为后侧(非显示侧或背侧)。图1和2中所示的构件的相对尺寸和厚度与真实尺寸和厚度是不同的。该第一实施例的透射式液晶板1是无源矩阵类型。
如图1所示，该液晶显示单元包括透射式液晶板(下文称为液晶板)1和位于液晶板1的显示表面的相反侧的背光。该背光由一个有机电致发光装置120形成。
液晶板1通过从前侧按一个第一偏转板2、一个第一基板3、一个液晶体4、一个第二基板5和一个第二偏转板6的顺序层压而形成。
一个滤色片7形成在第一基板3的后侧上。滤色片7包括彼此平行的第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c。第一滤色件7a是R(红色)，第二滤色件7b是G(绿色)，第三滤色件7c是B(蓝色)。透明数据电极8被层压到这第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c以及液晶体4上，并彼此平行布置。扫描电极9位于第二基板5和液晶体4之间，并垂直于数据电极8延伸。数据电极8和扫描电极9之间的交叉位置相当于子象素。因此，子象素布置在矩阵中。第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c中的每一个都相当于沿第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c设置的子象素。基板3、5可以由任何材料形成，只要该材料是透明的或半透明的(优选为透明的)。基板3、5例如由玻璃制成。数据电极8和扫描电极9也可以由任何材料形成，只要该材料是透明的或半透明的(优选为透明的)。数据电极8和扫描电极9例如由氧化铟锡(ITO)制成。可用未示出的密封材料将其上形成有滤色片7和数据电极8的第一基板3粘结到其上形成有液晶体4和扫描电极9的第二基板5上。
有机电致发光装置120具有与液晶板1大体相同的面积。有机电致发光装置120通过按一个第三基板21、一个数据电极22、一个有机电致发光层23、一个反射电极24和一个第四基板25的顺序层压而制成。用密封材料(未示出)，例如环氧树脂密封第三基板21和第四基板25，以防止湿气和氧从外界进入有机电致发光层23。有机电致发光层23由被控制成同时发光的第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c形成。第一有机电致发光体23a是R(红色)，和第二有机电致发光体23b是G(绿色)，第三有机电致发光体23c是B(蓝色)。有机电致发光层23由已知材料制成。例如，有机电致发光层23由空子注射层、空穴传输层、电致发光层、电子传输层和电子注射层形成。第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c平行第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c延伸。每个第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c的宽度与每个第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c的宽度相同。每个第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c传输的颜色与相应的第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c发出的光的颜色相同。即，第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c中的每一个沿光传输方向布置成面对相应的第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c。
平的反射电极24的一片形成在第四基板25的前侧上。反射电极24是金属电极并例如由铝制成。
下面将说明上述透射式液晶显示单元的操作。
当通过一个未示出的驱动控制装置将电压施加到数据电极8和扫描电极9上时，位于液晶板1的被激发的数据电极8和被激发的扫描电极9之间的交叉位置处的子象素传输光。
在有机电致发光装置120中，当将电压施加到数据电极22和反射电极24上时，第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c同时发光。如图2中系列双虚线所示，发射的光直接经过数据电极22和第三基板21或在被反射电极24反射之后被传输到达液晶板1。到达液晶板1的光经过由于所施加的电压而处于透射状态的子象素。第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c位于液晶板1的显示侧，从而第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c中的每一个布置成与相应的具有相同颜色的第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c相对置。因此分别地，从第一有机电致发光体23a发出的光经过第一滤色件7a，从第二有机电致发光体23b发出的光经过第二滤色件7b，从第三有机电致发光体23c发出的光经过第三滤色件7c。所以，该第一实施例与发射白光的传统的有机电致发光层(见图6)不同，尽管光只经过滤色片7一次，但仍可得到丰富的颜色。
当不被供电时，有机电致发光装置120处于反射模式，并不发射光。在亮的位置，可可靠地看到由液晶板1显示的图象，因为外界光由反射电极24反射。即，如图2所示，外界光在进入时经过滤色片7，然后由有机电致发光装置120的反射电极24反射。被反射的光再次经过滤色片7。例如，经过第一滤色件7a的入射光在被反射电极24反射之后再次经过第一滤色件7a。以同样的方式，经过第二滤色件7b或第三滤色件7c的入射光在被反射电极24反射之后再次经过滤色件7b或7c。即，入射光经过相同的滤色片7两次。因此，即使在亮光下也可得到丰富的颜色。
上述由有机电致发光装置120的有机电致发光层23发出的并到达液晶板1的光中的经过处于透射状态的子象素的光输出到液晶板1的前侧上。经过每一个子象素传输的光经过第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c中的相应的每一个。然后，子象素的光的三种颜色被组合以得到所需的一个象素的颜色。
该第一实施例提供了下述优点：
(1)有机电致发光层23被分别分成发射与第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c颜色(R、G、B)相同的第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c。第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c中的每一个沿光传输方向(光输出方向)布置成面对与第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c发射相同颜色光的第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c中的相应的那一个。因此，在反射模式中，入射光按与传统液晶显示单元相同的方式经过滤色片7两次。在透射模式中，由第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c中的每一个发出的光经过具有相同颜色的第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c中的相应的那一个。因此，在透射模式中同样得到丰富的颜色。
(2)控制第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c同时发射光。这简化了发射光作为背光的控制。
现在结合图3和4说明根据一个第二实施例的透射式液晶显示单元。该透射式液晶显示单元使用一个行序列驱动系统作为一个有机电致发光装置的电极驱动系统。下面主要讨论与第一实施例之间的区别。在该第二实施例中，有机电致发光装置120的光发射与液晶体4的扫描同步执行。
如图3所示，有机电致发光装置120由一个数据电极26、一个有机电致发光层23和反射电极27构成。数据电极26是片状的并形成在第三基板21的后侧上。
反射电极27布置成彼此平行，从而反射电极27沿垂直方向与扫描电极9相对齐。反射电极27与液晶板1的扫描电极9同步被驱动。因此，有机电致发光装置120只有直接位于被施加电压的液晶板1的子象素之下的子象素被点亮。换言之，每一个扫描电极9部分地相当于每一个有机电致发光体23a-23c。当将电压施加到任一个扫描电极9上时，有机电致发光体23a-23c的相当于被激发的扫描电极9的部分便发光。
除了上述第一实施例的优点(1)之外，第二实施例还提供了如下优点。
(3)由于控制成只有形成有机电致发光装置120的第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c的被要求的部分发光，所以节省了更多的能源。
对于本领域的技术人员应该显而易见的是，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，本发明可以以许多其它具体的形式实施。特别是，应该理解，本发明可以以下述形式实施。
在该第一实施例中，液晶板1不需要使用无源矩阵系统，而是可以使用有源矩阵系统。
在该第二实施例中，被用作为背光的有机电致发光装置120不需要使用行序列驱动系统，而是可以使用有源矩阵系统。在这种情况下同样，有机电致发光装置120可以被控制成与液晶板1的扫描同步发射光。
在该第一和第二实施例中，第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c不需要按带布置，而是可以使用三角洲构造，在该结构中第一到第三有机电致发光件28a、28b和28c以蜂窝结构布置，如图5所示。在这种情况下，滤色片7同样具有与第一到第三有机电致发光件28a、28b和28c相同的三角洲构造。第一到第三有机电致发光件28a、28b和28c布置成沿光发射方向(光输出方向)面对发射相同颜色光的滤色片7的部分。因此，该修改后的实施例提供与上述实施例相同的优点。在这种情况下，滤色片7相当于一个子象素。
在上述实施例中，第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c和第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c不需要具有相同的形状，并且不需要彼此平行延伸以形成一个带。当从显示侧看时，第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c可以具有比第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c略大的面积。在这种情况下，从第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c中的每一个发出的完整光同样基本上经过具有相同颜色的第一到第三滤色片7中的相应的那一个。相反的是，当从显示侧看时，第一到第三滤色件7a、7b和7c可以略小于第一到第三有机电致发光体23a、23b和23c。在这种情况下，光可能泄漏到相邻的滤色片中。然而，由于泄漏的光由相邻的滤色片挡住，所以得到了丰富的颜色。
在上述实施例中，有机电致发光装置120不需要用未示出的密封件密封。然而，有机电致发光装置120可以由钝化膜密封。
在上述实施例中，用于反射电极24、27的电极材料可以是除铝之外的材料，例如铬、镍或银。
在上述实施例中，本发明作为透射式液晶显示单元应用于具有透射模式和反射模式的透射反射式液晶显示单元。然而，本发明可以应用于只具有透射模式的透射式液晶显示单元。
上述示例或实施例应被理解为是示例性的，而非局限性的，并且本发明不局限于本文给出的细节，而是可在附后的权利要求书的范围内和等同条件下修改。

Claims (8)

1.一种液晶显示单元，其具有一个液晶板，其中该液晶板具有数个子象素、数个具有不同颜色以显示彩色图象的滤色件，其中每一个滤色件位于相当于至少一个子象素的位置处；具有一个位于该液晶板之后的有机电致发光装置，其中该有机电致发光装置用作为背光，其中该有机电致发光装置具有数个有机电致发光体，其中每一个有机电致发光体位于一个与从该有机电致发光体发出的光的颜色具有相同颜色的相应滤色件的对面，该液晶显示单元的特征在于：每一个有机电致发光体向相应的滤色件发射光。
2.按权利要求1所述的液晶显示单元，其特征在于，该滤色件彼此平行布置，其中该有机电致发光体彼此平行延伸，并且其中每一个有机电致发光体平行于相应的滤色件延伸。
3.按权利要求1或2所述的液晶显示单元，其特征在于，设计该有机电致发光装置，从而使有机电致发光体同时发射光。
4.按权利要求3所述的液晶显示单元，其特征在于，该有机电致发光装置包括一对电极，其中该对电极夹在有机电致发光体之间，并且其中当将电压施加到该对电极上时，所有有机电致发光体便同时发射光。
5.按权利要求1或2所述的液晶显示单元，其特征在于，该有机电致发光装置由一个行序列驱动装置驱动。
6.按权利要求5所述的液晶显示单元，其特征在于，该液晶板具有数个扫描电极，其中该扫描电极彼此平行延伸，其中每一个扫描电极部分地相当于每一个有机电致发光体，并且其中当将电压施加到任何一个扫描电极上时，有机电致发光体相当于被激发的扫描电极的部分便发射光。
7.按权利要求1或2所述的液晶显示单元，其特征在于，该有机电致发光装置具有一个反射电极，其中该反射电极位于液晶板的关于有机电致发光体的对面侧上，并且其中该反射电极向该液晶板反射进入该液晶板的光。
8.按权利要求1或2所述的液晶显示单元，其特征在于，每一个有机电致发光体在形状上与沿光输出方向和有机电致发光体相对应的滤色件一致。
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JP4211304B2 (ja) 2009-01-21
CN1254712C (zh) 2006-05-03
TW594283B (en) 2004-06-21
TW200401923A (en) 2004-02-01
US20040008178A1 (en) 2004-01-15
JP2004045771A (ja) 2004-02-12

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