CN1404478A - 吡啶基咪唑 - Google Patents
吡啶基咪唑 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1404478A CN1404478A CN01805374A CN01805374A CN1404478A CN 1404478 A CN1404478 A CN 1404478A CN 01805374 A CN01805374 A CN 01805374A CN 01805374 A CN01805374 A CN 01805374A CN 1404478 A CN1404478 A CN 1404478A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- pyridine
- compound
- imidazol
- phenyl
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- SZXUTTGMFUSMCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1h-imidazol-2-yl)pyridine Chemical class C1=CNC(C=2N=CC=CC=2)=N1 SZXUTTGMFUSMCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- -1 C 1-6Alkyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 14
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 14
- 208000017169 kidney disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 201000001320 Atherosclerosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000029663 wound healing Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000171 (C1-C6) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 206010016654 Fibrosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000025865 Ulcer Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004761 fibrosis Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
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- 231100000397 ulcer Toxicity 0.000 claims description 5
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- 208000007342 Diabetic Nephropathies Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000033679 diabetic kidney disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- 208000001132 Osteoporosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010039361 Sacroiliitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000030212 nutrition disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006700 (C1-C6) alkylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000006272 (C3-C7) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 38
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- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
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- 238000002330 electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
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- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
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- C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings
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- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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Abstract
通式(I)化合物及其药用盐,式(I)中R1、R2和R3代表不同的官能团,且X1和X2之一是N,另一个是NR10,以及式(I)化合物及其药用盐作为药物的用途。
Description
本发明涉及吡啶基取代的咪唑,它们是转化生长因子(″TGF″)-β信号通道(signaling pathway),特别是通过I型或活化素样激酶(activin-like kinase,″ALK″)-5受体的smad2或smad3的磷酸化作用的抑制剂,本发明还涉及它们的制备方法和它们在药物中的用途,特别是在治疗和预防该通道介导的疾病的用途。
TGF-β1是包括TGF-β,活化素,抑制素,骨形态形成蛋白和Müllerian-抑制物质的细胞因子家族的原型成员,其通过一系列单跨膜丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶受体发出信号。这些受体可被分为两类,I型或活化素样激酶(ALK)受体和II型受体。AlK受体与II型受体的区别在于ALK受体(a)缺乏富有丝氨酸/苏氨酸的细胞内尾部,(b)具有与I型受体非常同源的丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶域,(c)共享被称为GS域的共有的序列基元,该域由富有甘氨酸和丝氨酸残基的域组成。GS域位于细胞内激酶域的氨基末端,且对于通过II型受体的活化是重要的。很多研究表明,TGF-β信号同时需要ALK和II型受体。特别是在TGF-β存在下,II型受体磷酸化了TGF-β的I型受体(ALK5)的GS域。ALK5依次在两个羧基末端丝氨酸处磷酸化了细胞质蛋白smad2和smad3。通常认为,在很多种类中,II型受体调控细胞增殖,I型受体调控基质产生。因此,本发明优选的化合物是选择性的,在于他们抑制I型受体并因此抑制基质产生,而不抑制II型受体介导的细胞增殖。
TGF-β1轴的活化和细胞外基质的扩展早期并持续导致慢性肾病和血管疾病的发展和进行。Border W.A.,Noble N.A.,N.Engl.J.Med.,Nov.10,1994;331(19):1286-92。另外,TGF-β1在纤连蛋白和纤溶酶原活化剂抑制剂-1,巩膜沉积物(sclerotic deposits)组分的形成中,通过TGF-β1受体ALK5的smad3磷酸化而发挥作用。Zhang Y.,Feng X.H.,Derynck R.,Nature,Aug.27,1998;394(6696):909-13;Usui T.,Takase M.,Kaji Y.,Suzuki K.,Ishida K.,Tsuru T.,Miyata K.,Kawabata M.,Yamashita H.,Invest.Ophthalmol.Vis.Sci.,Oct.1998;39(11):1981-9。
肾和心血管系统中的进行性纤维变性是痛苦和死亡的主要原因,而且是保健花费的主要因素。TGF-β1已涉及于许多肾纤维变性疾病中。BorderW.A.,Noble N.A.,N.Engl.J.Med.,Nov 10,1994;331(19):1286-92。在急性或慢性肾小球肾炎中TGF-β1升高,Yoshioka K.,Takemura T.,Murakami K.,Okada M.,Hino S.,Miyamoto H.,Maki S.,Lab.Invest.,Feb.1993;68(2):154-63,糖尿病性肾病,Yamamoto,T.,Nakamura,T.,Noble,N.A.,Ruoslahti,E.,Border,W.A.,(1993)PNAS 90:1814-1818,同种异体移植排斥、HIV肾病和血管紧张素诱导的肾病,Border W.A.,Noble N.A.,N.Engl.J.Med.,Nov.10,1994;331(19):1286-92。在这些疾病中,TGF-β1的表达量与细胞外基质的产生一致。三条证据显示TGF-β1和基质产生之间的因果关系。第一,正常(肾)小球,肾小球系膜细胞和非肾细胞可被外源性TGF-β1在体外诱导产生细胞外基质蛋白并抑制蛋白酶活性。第二,中和TGF-β1的抗体可预防肾病大鼠中细胞外基质的聚积。第三,TGF-β1转基因小鼠或在体内TGF-β1基因转染到正常大鼠肾内导致肾小球硬化症的快速发展。Kopp J.B.,FactorV.M.,Mozes M.,Nagy P.,Sanderson N.,Bottinger E.P.,Klotman P.E.,Thorgeirsson S.S.,Lab Invest,June 1996;74(6):991-1003。因此,抑制TGF-β1活性表明可作为慢性肾病中的治疗干预。
TGF-β1及其受体在受伤的血管内增加并且显示在气囊血管成形术后新内膜形成中,Saltis J.,Agrotis A.,Bobik A.,Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol,Mar.1996;23(3):193-200。另外,TGF-β1是平滑肌细胞(″SMC″)体外迁移的有力刺激物,且SMC在动脉壁中的迁移是导致动脉粥样硬化和再狭窄发病的原因。另外,在相对于总胆固醇的内皮细胞产物的多元分析中可知,TGF-β受体ALK5与总胆固醇相关(P<0.001),Blann A.D.,Wang J.M.,WilsonP.B.,Kumar S.,动脉粥样硬化,Feb.1996;120(1-2):221-6。另外,自人动脉粥样硬化损伤(atherosclerotic lesion)得到的SMC的ALK5/TGF-βII型受体比率增加。因为TGF-β1在纤维增殖血管损伤中过度表达,所以受体变体细胞将被允许缓慢地,但以无限制的方式生长,同时过度产生细胞外基质组分,McCaffrey T.A.,Consigli S.,Du B.,Falcone D.J.,Sanborn T.A.,SpokojnyA.M.,Bush H.L.,Jr.,J Clin Invest,Dec.1995;96(6):2667-75。在发生活性基质合成的动脉粥样硬化损伤中TGF-β1免疫定位到非泡沫巨噬细胞上,显示非泡沫巨噬细胞可能通过TGF-β-依赖型机制动脉粥样重塑中基因的表达。因此,在动脉粥样硬化和再狭窄中也显示出抑制TGF-β1对ALK5的作用。
在伤口愈合中也涉及到了TGF-β。中和TGF-β1的抗体已被用于大量模型中以用于说明TGF-β1信号的抑制作用在治疗过程中通过限制过度形成疤痕而对受伤后的功能恢复是有利的。例如,在大鼠中,中和TGF-β1和TGF-β2的抗体减少了疤痕形成并且通过减少单核细胞和巨噬细胞的数量以及减少皮肤粘连蛋白和胶原沉积而改进了新真皮的细胞结构,Shah M.,J.Cell.Sci.,1995,108,985-1002。而且,在兔子中,TGF-β抗体也改进了角膜损伤的愈合,Moller-Pedersen T.,Curr.Eye Res.,1998,17,736-747,并且加速了大鼠胃溃疡的伤口愈合,Ernst H.,Gut,1996,39,172-175。这些数据显著地显示在很多组织中限制TGF-β活性将是很有益的,并建议通过抑制smad2和smad3信号通道而使任何具有TGF-β慢性上升的疾病受益。在腹膜粘连中也涉及TGF-β,Saed G.M.,et al,伤口愈合再生,1999 Nov-Dec,7(6),504-510.因此,ALK5的抑制剂在预防外科手术后腹膜和皮下纤维变性粘连中是有利的。
TGFβ1-抗体被认为通过抗血管生成机理抑制裸鼠中被移植的肾肿瘤的生长,Ananth S,et al,Journal Of The American Society of Nephrology Abstracts,9:433A(摘要)。尽管肿瘤本身对于TGF-β没有应答,但是通过TGF-β分泌肿瘤的新生血管形成,周围组织应答并支持肿瘤生长。因此,对TGF-β途径的拮抗作用将预防转移生长并减少癌症负担。
Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett.,1995,5(6),543公开了2-[5-(2-甲基苯基)-2-丙基-IH-咪唑-4-基]吡啶作为胃H+/K+ATP酶抑制剂。
DE 2221546公开了作为抗炎、镇痛或退热剂的下列化合物:
2-[2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-5-(4-甲氧苯基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
2-[2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶。
日本专利No.09124640公开了作为农用化学杀真菌剂的下列化合物:
2-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-2-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-乙基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-氨基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-异丙基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-丙基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-酰胺-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶。
我们惊奇地发现,一系列通式(I)的2-吡啶基取代的咪唑具有ALK5激酶的有效的且选择性的非肽抑制剂功能,并因此可用于治疗和预防各种由ALK5激酶机理介导的疾病,如慢性肾病(renal disease),急性肾病,伤口愈合,关节炎,骨质疏松症,肾病(kidney disease),充血性心力衰竭,溃疡,眼病,角膜损伤,糖尿病性肾病,神经功能损伤,阿耳茨海默氏疾病,营养疾病(trophic condition),动脉粥样硬化,腹膜和皮下粘连,纤维变性是主要因素的任何疾病,包括但不限于肺纤维变性和肝脏纤维变性,以及再狭窄。
其中R1是萘基、蒽基或苯基,任选地被一个或多个选自卤素、C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷硫基,C1-6烷基,C1-6卤代烷基,O-(CH2)m-Ph,S-(CH2)m-Ph,氰基,苯基和CO2R的取代基取代,其中R是氢或C1-6烷基,且m是0-3;或R1是与芳香或非芳香的5-7员环稠和的苯基或吡啶基,其中所述的环任选地含有最多3个独立的选自N,O和S的杂原子,且任选的由=O取代;
R2表示氢,C1-6烷基,C1-6烷氧基,苯基,C1-6卤代烷基,卤素,NH2,NH-C1-6烷基或NH(CH2)n-Ph,其中n是0-3;
R3表示C1-6烷基,-(CH2)p-CN,-(CH2)p-COOH,-(CH2)p-CONHR4R5,-(CH2)pCOR4,-(CH2)q(OR6)2,-(CH2)pOR4,-(CH2)q-CH=CH-CN,-(CH2)q-CH=CH-CO2H,-(CH2)p-CH=CH-CONHR4R5,-(CH2)pNHCOR7 或-(CH2)pNR8R9,
R4和R5独立地是氢或C1-6烷基;
R6是C1-6烷基;
R7是C1-7烷基,或任选取代的芳基,杂芳基,芳基C1-6烷基或杂芳基C1-6烷基;
R8和R9独立地是选自氢,C1-6烷基,芳基和芳基C1-6烷基;
p是0-4;
q是1-4;
X1和X2之一是N,另一个是NR10;且
R10是氢,C1-6烷基或C3-7环烷基;
条件是该化合物不是:
i)2-[5-(2-甲基苯基)-2-丙基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
ii)2-[2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-5-(4-甲氧苯基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
iii)2-[2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
iv)2-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-2-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
v)2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-甲基-IH-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
vi)2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-乙基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
Vii)2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-氨基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
viii)2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-异丙基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
ix)2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-丙基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,或
x)2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-酰胺基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶。
本文中,式(I)中虚线代表的双键,表示化合物的可能的互变异构的环形式也包括在本发明的范围内,双键时应是未取代的氮。
在一组优选化合物中,R1是任选取代的萘基或苯基,优选R1是任选地由一个或多个选自卤素,C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷硫基和苯基的取代基取代的苯基;更优选R1是任选地由一个或多个选自卤素、C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷硫基和氰基的取代基取代的苯基;或R1是与芳香或非芳香的5-7员环稠和的苯基或吡啶基(特别是苯基),其中所述的环任选包含最多3个独立的选自N,O或S的杂原子,且可以任选地由=O取代;例如R1代表苯并[1,3]间二氧杂环戊烯基(dioxolyl)、2,3-二氢苯并[1,4]间二氧杂环己烯基(dioxinyl)、苯并噁唑基、苯并噻唑基、喹喔啉基、苯并[1,2,5]噁二唑基、苯并[1,2,5]噻二唑基、[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-α]吡啶基、二氢苯并呋喃基、苯并[1,4]噁嗪基-3-酮或苯并噁唑基-2-酮。
优选R2不是氢,当R2不是氢时,优选位于吡啶环的氮的邻位。
优选R3表示C1-6烷基或(CH2)pNHCOR7,其中R7是C1-7烷基,或任选取代的芳基,杂芳基,芳基C1-6烷基或杂芳基C1-6烷基。
优选X1和X2之一是N且另一个是NR10,其中R10是氢或C1-6烷基。
R10优选是氢。
本发明的方法中使用的化合物优选分子量低于800,更优选低于600。
可提及的本发明的具体化合物包括在实施例中描述的那些化合物。
通式(I)化合物的合适的药用盐,包括但并不限于与无机酸成的盐如盐酸盐、硫酸盐、磷酸盐、二磷酸盐、氢溴酸盐和硝酸盐,或与有机酸成的盐如苹果酸盐、马来酸盐、富马酸盐、酒石酸盐、琥珀酸盐、柠檬酸盐、乙酸盐、乳酸盐、甲磺酸盐、对甲苯磺酸盐、棕榈酸盐、水杨酸盐和硬脂酸盐。
本发明的一些化合物可以用如水和有机溶剂的溶剂中结晶或者重结晶。在这种情况下可形成溶剂化物。本发明包括在其范围内的化学计量量的包括水合物在内的溶剂化物而且含有各种含量水的化合物,它们可通过例如冷冻干燥的方法制备。
某些通式(I)化合物可以光学异构体,如非对映异构体和各种比例的异构体混合物,如外消旋混合物的形式存在。本发明包括所有这些形式,特别是纯的异构体形式。不同的异构体可以通过常规的方法将其与其它形式中分离或拆分出来,或者可通过常规合成方法或者通过立体选择性或手性合成方法获得任何给出的异构体。
由于通式(I)有意应用于药用组合物中,所以容易理解它们各自优选以基本纯的形式提供,例如纯度至少为60%,更适宜的纯度为至少75%且优选至少85%,特别是纯度至少为98%(%为重量百分比)。化合物不纯的制备产物可用于制备用于药用组合物的形式;这些较低纯度的化合物制备产物应含有至少1%,更适宜的为至少5%并且优选至少10%的通式(I)化合物或其药学上可接受的衍生物。
这里使用的术语“C1-6烷基”和“C1-7烷基”不论是它本身还是作为大基团的一部分,例如C1-6烷氧基,分别代表直链或支链的1-6和1-7个碳原子的基团,包括但并不限于甲基,乙基,正丙基,异丙基,正丁基,仲丁基,异丁基和叔丁基。
C1-6卤代烷基可含有一个或多个卤原子,特别可提及的C1-6卤代烷基是CF3。
在这里交替使用的术语“卤代”或“卤素”是指衍生自氯、氟、碘和溴的残基。
这里使用的术语“C3-7环烷基”是指3-7个碳原子的环状基团,包括但并不限于环丙基,环戊基和环己基。
这里使用的术语“芳基”是指取代的或未取代的5-至14-员芳香环或环系,其可包括二或三环的环系,包括但不限于苯基和萘基。
这里使用的术语“ALK5抑制剂”是指化合物,不同于抑制smad类,例如smad6和smad7,它可选择性抑制ALK5受体,优先作用于p38或II型受体。
这里使用的术语“ALK5介导的疾病状态”是指任何通过ALK5介导(或调节)的疾病状态,例如一种通过在TGF-β1信号通路中抑制smad 2/3的磷酸化而被调控的疾病。
这里使用的术语“溃疡”是指包括但不限于糖尿病性溃疡,慢性溃疡,胃溃疡和十二指肠溃疡。
通式(I)化合物可通过现有技术认可的方法从已知的或市售的原料制备。如果原料从市场上买不到,在这里还描述了它们的合成,或者它们可通过本领域公知的方法制备。
具体地说,X1和X2之一是NH的通式(I)化合物可按照流程1制备。酮可以在DMSO中用HBr氧化成二酮。然后按照WO98/56788中描述的方法,该二酮可以与合适的取代的醛或保护的醛衍生物和乙酸铵缩合成咪唑。另外,酮可以在HCl中用亚硝酸钠处理得到α-肟基酮,它随后可用合适的取代的醛或保护的醛衍生物和乙酸铵缩合得到N-羟基咪唑。用按照美国专利US5,656,644中描述的方法用三乙基亚磷酸酯处理该化合物得到咪唑。流程1
X1和X2之一是NH的通式(I)化合物也可按照流程2制备。使用钯催化剂将合适的溴化物与三甲基甲硅烷基乙炔偶合。三甲基甲硅烷基可通过用碳酸钾处理除去,并且使用钯催化剂,末端的乙炔可再次与6-溴-2-甲基吡啶偶合。然后乙炔可在DMSO中用氯化钯氧化成二酮。然后将生成的咪唑用合适的醛按照流程1的描述处理。流程2
用通式为L-R10的化合物非选择性的烷基化咪唑氮(用在J Med.Chem.,1999,42,2180-2190中N.J.Liverton等人描述的一种方法),其中L离去基团,例如,卤素、磺酸盐或三氟甲磺酸盐,将得到X1或X2是NR10的化合物的两个异构体,其中R10不是氢,异构体可通过色谱方法(流程3)分离。流程3
R3是-CH2NHCOR7的通式(I)化合物可按照流程4制备。用(1,3-二氧-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)乙醛和乙酸铵与适当的二酮缩合形成咪唑。将产物用肼处理用以暴露游离的氨,然后采用标准的酰胺键生成条件与合适的羧酸偶合。流程4
在合成通式(I)化合物过程中,可以保护中间体化合物不稳定的官能团,例如羟基,羧基和氨基。全面讨论各种不稳定官能团的保护和脱保护方法已在例如《有机化学中的保护基团》(Protective Groups in OrganicChemistry)(T.W.Greene和P.G.M.Wuts,(Wiley-IntersClence,New York,2ndedition,1991))中给出。
制备通式(I)化合物的更详细的资料在实施例中给出。
通式(I)化合物可以单独制备或者制备至少包含2个化合物的一组化合物(compound libraries),例如5至1000个化合物,并且更优选10-100个通式(I)化合物。一组通式(I)化合物可通过组合的“拆分和混合(split and mix)”方法或者通过使用液相或固相化学通过本领域公知的方法多组平行合成。
因此,本发明的另一方面是提供至少含有2个通式(I)化合物的一组化合物或其药用盐。
本发明进一步提供通式(I)化合物或其药用盐的在生产治疗由ALK5受体介导的哺乳动物的疾病的药物中的用途,但是无条件i)至x)。
本发明进一步提供一种治疗由ALK5受体介导的哺乳动物的疾病的方法,包括给予需要治疗的哺乳动物,治疗有效量的通式(I)化合物,但无条件i)至x),或其药用盐。
ALK5介导的疾病包括,但不限于慢性肾病,急性肾病,伤口愈合,关节炎,骨质疏松症,肾病,充血性心力衰竭,溃疡,眼病,角膜损伤,糖尿病肾病,神经功能损伤,阿耳茨海默氏疾病,营养疾病,动脉粥样硬化,腹膜和皮下粘连,纤维变性是主要因素的任何疾病,包括但不限于肺纤维变性和肝脏纤维变性,以及再狭窄。
术语“治疗”即包括预防性的治疗又包括治疗性的治疗。
本发明进一步提供一种抑制哺乳动物TGF-β信号通路的方法,例如,通过I型或活化素样激酶ALK5受体抑制smad2或smad3磷酸化,该方法包括给予需要治疗的哺乳动物,治疗有效量的通式(I)化合物,但无条件i)至x),或其药用盐。
本发明进一步提供通式(I)化合物或其药用盐在生产抑制哺乳动物TGF-β信号通路的药物中的用途,但无条件i)至x)。
本发明进一步提供一种抑制哺乳动物基质形成的方法,例如,通过I型或活化素样激酶ALK5受体抑制smad2或smad3磷酸化,该方法包括给予需要治疗的哺乳动物,治疗有效量的通式(I)化合物,但无条件i)至x),或其药用盐。
本发明进一步提供通式(I)化合物或其药用盐在生产抑制哺乳动物基质形成的药物中的用途,但无条件i)至x)。
通式(I)化合物和其药用盐可按照本领域公知的常规方法,通过结合通式(I)化合物,但无条件i)至x),与药学上可接受的载体或稀释剂以常规的剂量形式给药。这些方法可以包括混合、制粒和压片或根据需要将组分溶解到所需的制剂中。
本发明的另一方面提供一种药用组合物,含有通式(I)化合物,但无条件iv)至x),或其药用盐,以及药学上可接受的载体或稀释剂。
本发明的药用组合物可配制成用于任何给药形式,包括那些适合哺乳动物包括人类的口服、局部或非肠道给药形式。
该组合物可配制成用于各种途径给药。组合物可以是片剂、胶囊剂、粉剂、颗粒剂、锭剂、乳膏剂或液体药剂形式,例如,口服或无菌非肠道溶液或混悬液。
本发明的局部制剂可例如为软膏剂、乳膏剂或洗剂、眼膏剂和滴眼剂或滴耳剂,浸渍敷料(impregated dressings)和气雾剂,且可含有适当的常规添加剂,例如防腐剂、帮助药物渗透的溶剂以及软膏和乳膏中的柔软剂。
制剂中也可含有相容的常规的载体,例如,乳膏或眼膏基质以及用于洗剂的乙醇或油醇。这样的载体在制剂中占大约1%到大约98%,更多的通常达到大约80%。
口服的片剂和胶囊剂可以是单元剂量形式,并可以含有常规的赋形剂,如粘合剂,例如糖浆(syrup)、阿拉伯胶、明胶、山梨醇、黄芪胶或聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮;填充剂,例如乳糖、糖、玉米淀粉、磷酸钙、山梨醇或甘氨酸;压片润滑剂,例如硬脂酸镁、滑石、聚乙二醇或二氧化硅;崩解剂,例如马铃薯淀粉;或可接受的润湿剂如十二烷基硫酸钠。片剂可按照常规药学工艺的公知方法包衣。口服的液体制剂可制成例如水性或油性的混悬液剂、溶液剂、乳剂、糖浆剂或酏剂,或者可制成使用前与水或其他介质混合的干剂形式。液体制剂也可含有常规的添加剂,如助悬剂,例如山梨醇、甲基纤维素、葡萄糖浆、明胶、羟基乙基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、硬脂酸铝凝胶或氢化的可食用脂肪,乳化剂,例如卵磷脂、脱水山梨糖一油酸酯或阿拉伯胶;非水介质(可包括食用油),例如杏仁油、油性酯如甘油、丙二醇或乙醇;防腐剂,例如甲基或丙基对羟基苯甲酸酯或山梨酸,并且,如果需要,可含有常规的矫味剂或着色剂。
栓剂可含有常规的栓剂基质,例如可可酯或其他甘油酯。
对于非肠道给药而言,可利用化合物和无菌介质(vehicle)(优选水)制成液体单元剂量给药形式。化合物取决于介质和浓度,既可以混悬又可以溶解在介质中。制备溶液剂时可将化合物溶于注射用水并且在装入合适的小瓶或安瓿之前过滤灭菌,然后密封。
有利地,试剂如局部麻醉剂、防腐剂和缓冲剂可以溶在介质中。为了提高稳定性,可将组合物在装入小瓶后冷冻并在真空中除去水。然后将冷冻干燥的干粉密封倒小瓶中,并且随小瓶附带的注射用水可作为使用前的再分散液体。非肠道给药的混悬液可按完全相同的方法制备,除了是将化合物混悬在介质中而不是溶解,并且不能通过过滤完成灭菌。可通过将化合物混悬在灭菌介质前暴露在环氧乙烷中灭菌。有利地,组合物中包含表面活性剂或润湿剂以促进化合物在组合物中分布均匀。
根据给药方法,组合物可含有0.1%(重量)以上,优选10-60%(重量)的活性成分。当组合物包含剂量单位时,每个剂量单位优选含有50-500mg的活性成分。成人的给药剂量优选每天100至3000mg,例如根据给药的途径和频率每天给药1500mg。这样的剂量相当于每天1.5至50mg/kg。合适的剂量为每天5至20mg/kg。
本领域的技术人员能够知道通式(I)化合物,但无条件i)至x),给药的最佳剂量和间隔,将由要治疗疾病的性质和程度、形式、给药途径和作用部位,以及治疗的具体哺乳动物决定,并且最适宜的剂量可通过常规的技术确定。本领域的技术人员也能够知道最佳的治疗过程,例如,通式(I)化合物但无条件i)至x),在规定天数内每天的给药剂量能够由本领域的技术人员通过治疗决定检验的常规过程确定。
未发现通式(I)化合物,但无条件i)至x),或其药用盐在上述涉及的给药剂量范围内出现毒性作用。
所有公开出版物,包括但并不限于在本说明书中引用的专利和专利申请,在此都具体和单独指出作为参考引入本文。
以下的实施例仅仅用于说明但并不在任何方面限制本发明。在实施例中,测定质谱使用的是应用化学电离技术(CI)的Hitachi Perkin-ElmerRMU-6E或者应用电雾电离技术(ES)Micromass Platform II。
将1-苯并[1,3]二氧环戊烯-5-基-2-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-乙酮(ethanone)(3g,1.7mmol)(按照U.S.专利3,940,486中描述的方法制备)溶于二甲亚砜(50ml)并加热到60℃。滴加溴化氢(11.9ml 48%水溶液)并且在60℃搅拌反应3小时。将冷却的反应物倒入水中(100ml)并用碳酸氢钠溶液将pH值调节到pH8。有机产物在乙酸乙酯中萃取(3×100ml),干燥(MgSO4)并减压蒸发至干燥。将标题化合物用硅胶柱色谱分离,用乙酸乙酯作洗脱液(2.35g,74%)。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:2.51(3H,s),6.08(2H,s),6.86(1H,d),7.37(1H,d),7.42(1H,dd),7.46(1H,d),7.78(1H,dt),7.97(1H,d);m/z(API+):270(MH+)。描述2:1-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-2-喹喔啉-6-基-乙烷-1,2-二酮1-肟(D2)2-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1-喹喔啉-6-基-乙酮(按照U.S.专利3,940,486中描述的方法制备)(3.3g,12.5mmol)溶于5M氯化氢溶液中并用硝酸钠(1.0g,14.5mmol)处理和用水溶解,同时强力搅拌反应混合物。反应混合物在室温条件下搅拌1小时,然后用氯化铵(40ml)骤冷并用2M碳酸氢钠溶液将pH值调节到pH8。有机产物在乙酸乙酯中萃取(2×100ml),干燥(MgSO4)并减压蒸发至干燥。将标题化合物用硅胶柱色谱分离,用同样比例的乙酸乙酯和石油醚作洗脱液(3.1g,83%);m/z(API+):293(MH+)。描述3:1-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-2-(4-甲氧苯基)-乙烷-1,2-二酮(D3)2-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1-(4-甲氧苯基)-乙酮(1.7g)(按照U.S.专利3,940,486中描述的方法制备)溶于二甲亚砜(30ml)中并加热到70℃。滴加48%的溴化氢水溶液并且继续加热3小时。将混合物倒入冰中冷却,用固体碳酸氢钠中和并用乙酸乙酯中萃取。将有机提取液干燥(MgSO4)并在真空浓缩得到黄色油状标题化合物;m/z(API+):256(MH+).。描述4:2-氨基-5-[2-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]苯酚盐酸盐(D4)将实施例71(2g,6mmol)溶于2M HCl水溶液中(50ml)。在室温下搅拌2小时后,将溶液在真空条件下浓缩得到黄色油状标题化合物。m/z(API+)325。描述5:N′-(5-溴-2-氨基吡啶)-N,N-二甲基甲脒(D5)将5-溴-2-氨基吡啶(9.8g,56.6mmol,1 eq)在氩气中溶于干燥的DMF(20ml)和干燥的二甲基甲酰胺二甲基乙缩醛(20ml)。溶液在130℃回流16小时。冷却并除去溶剂。得到的残留物不经过纯化用于下一阶段。m/z[APC1MS]:228./230.[M+H]+。描述6:6-溴-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-α]吡啶(D6)将D5(16.2g,-56.6mmol,1eq)在氩气中溶于甲醇(90ml)和吡啶(10ml)中并冷却到0℃。在搅拌条件下向其中加入羟胺-O-磺酸(7.3g,75.2mmol,1.3eq)形成紫色悬浮液。将其升温至室温并搅拌16小时。除去溶剂后,将残留物悬浮在碳酸氢钠水溶液中(200ml)并用乙酸乙酯提取(2×200ml)。有机层用水和盐水洗涤(各100ml),干燥(MgSO4)并除去溶剂。用硅胶闪式色谱纯化,用2∶1的40-60℃的石油醚∶乙酸乙酯到1∶1的40-60℃的石油醚∶乙酸乙酯的梯度溶剂系统洗脱得到淡黄色固体产物(5g,44.6%);1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.65(1H,d),7.69(1H,d),8.34(1H,s),8.77(1H,s),;m/z[APC1MS]:198/200[M+H]+。描述7:6-三甲基硅烷基(silanyl)乙炔基-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-α]吡啶(D7)将D6(5g,25.26mmol,1eq)溶于THF(50ml)并向溶液中通入氩气5分钟。加入碘化铜(0.46g,2.53mmol,0.1eq),二氯双三苯基磷钯(0)(0.36g,0.51mmol,0.02eq)和三甲基硅甲硅烷基乙炔(7.14ml,4.96g,50.52mmol,2eq)。向溶液中滴加二异丙基胺(6.78ml,5.1g,50.52mmol,2eq),在氩气条件下搅拌24小时得到的深红色悬浮液。然后用硅藻土过滤,用过量的乙酸乙酯洗涤并除去溶剂。将残留物悬浮在水中(200ml)并用乙酸乙酯萃取(2×200ml),合并有机层,用水和盐水洗涤(各100ml),干燥(MgSO4)并除去溶剂。用硅胶闪式色谱纯化,用3∶1的40-60℃的石油醚∶乙酸乙酯洗脱得到淡黄色固体产物(2.9g,53.3%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:0.28(9H,s),7.54(1H,d),7.69(1H,d),8.36(1H,s),8.72(1H,s);m/z[APC1MS]:216[M+H]+。描述8:6-乙炔基-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-α]吡啶(D8)将D7(2.9g,13.47mmol,1eq)溶解在甲醇中并向其中加入碳酸钾(5.6g,40.4mmol,3eq)。悬浮液搅拌2小时并除去溶剂。将残留物悬浮在水中(100ml)并用乙酸乙酯萃取(2×100ml)。合并有机层,用水和盐水洗涤(各50ml),干燥(MgSO4)并除去溶剂得到淡橙色固体(1.8g,95%),该固体不经过进一步纯化用于下一反应中。m/z[APCIMS]:144.1[M+H]+。描述9:6-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基乙炔基)-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-α]吡啶(D9)将D8(1.8g,12.56mmol,1eq)在氩气条件下溶于无水的THF(50ml)和TMEDA(50ml)。向其中加入四(三苯基磷)钯(0)(0.72g,0.63mmol,0.05eq),碘化铜(0.24g,1.26mmol,0.1eq)和2-溴-6-甲基吡啶(4.32g,25.12mmol,2eq)。将混合物在60C回流5h,冷却,并除去溶剂。将残留物悬浮在乙酸乙酯和水中(各100ml)并用硅藻土过滤,用更多的乙酸乙酯(100ml)洗涤。水层进一步用乙酸乙酯洗涤(50ml)并且合并有机层。有机溶剂用水和盐水(各100ml)洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并除去溶剂。用硅胶闪式色谱纯化,用乙酸乙酯洗脱得到淡黄色固体产物(1g,34%)。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:2.61(3H,s),7.18(1H,d),7.40(1H,d),7.63(1H,t),7.68(1H,d),7.76(1H,d),8.40(1H,s),8.86(1H,s);m/z[APC1MS]:235[M+H]+描述10:1-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-2-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5α]吡啶-6-基-乙烷-1,2-二酮(D10)将乙炔(0.200g,0.854mmol,1.0eq)和氯化钯(II)(0.015g,0.085mmol,0.1eq)的混合物在干燥的DMSO(4ml)中在140℃加热5h然后冷却至室温。加入水和乙酸乙酯并将全部溶液通过硅藻土过滤。将各层分离且水层用更多的乙酸乙酯萃取。用水和盐水洗涤合并的有机层,干燥(MgSO4)。浓缩物随后用硅胶柱色谱纯化,用50%汽油-EtOAc-EtOAc洗脱得到白色固体产物,0.090g,40%。1H NMR(400MHz;CDCl3)δ:2.50(3H,s),7.41(1H,d),7.83(1H,d),7.88(1H,d),8.03(1H,d),8.13(1H,d),8.47(1H,s),9.11(1H,s);m/z[ESMS]:267.1[M+H]+。描述11:2-[2-叔丁基-5-(4-甲氧基-3-硝基苯基)-3H-咪唑-4-基]-6-甲基吡啶(D11)将实施例17(2.88g,9mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(19ml)中。硝酸铵(1.15g,14.3mmol)和三氟乙酸酐(4.05ml,28.7mmol)加入并将混合物加热回流5h,之后加入更多的硝酸铵(575mg,7.1mmol)和三氟乙酸酐(2.20ml,14.3mmol)。反应混合物进一步回流1小时后冷却,用更多的二氯乙烷稀释并且用碳酸氢钠水溶液、水和盐水洗涤。有机相用硫酸钠干燥并蒸发至干得到标题化合物(3.3g)。m/z[ESMS]:367.2[M+H]+/描述12:2-[2-叔丁基-5-(4-羟基-3-硝基苯基)-3H-咪唑-4-基]-6-甲基吡啶(D12)将D11(1.07g,2.9mmol)溶于干燥的DMF(15ml)。加入氯化(370mg,8.8mmol)并将混合物在氩气体中加热至1600℃过夜。冷却,在真空中除去所有挥发物,残留物在氯化铵和乙酸乙酯中分配。有机相用硫酸钠干燥并在真空中浓缩得到标题化合物(1.0g)。m/z[ESMS]:353.2[M+H]+。描述13:{4-[2-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基1-2-硝基苯氧基}-乙酸乙酯将D12(770mg,2.2mmol)溶于干燥的DMF(10ml)。加入溴代乙酸乙酯(486ul,4.4mmol)和碳酸钾(906mg,6.6mmol)并将混合物在氩气体中60℃搅拌过夜。冷却,将反应混合物用水稀释并用乙酸乙酯萃取。干燥有机相(MgSO4),在真空中浓缩并将残留物用柱色谱分离,用2∶1的乙酸乙酯∶己烷洗脱得到标题化合物(465mg)m/z[ESMS]:439.3[M+H]+。实施例1:2-[5-苯并[1,3]二氧环戊烯-5-基-2-(1,1-二甲氧基甲基)-3H-咪唑-4-基]-6-甲基-吡啶将D1(2g,7.4mmol)溶于叔丁基甲基醚(20ml)并用乙二醛1,1二甲基乙缩醛处理。加入甲醇(10ml)中的氯化铵(1.49g)并将反应物在室温下搅拌3小时。将反应物的pH值用饱和的碳酸钠溶液调节到pH8,反应混合物分配在二氯乙烷(100ml)和水(100ml)中。分出二氯乙烷层,干燥(MgSO4)并减压蒸发至干得到标题化合物(2.4g,91%).1HNMR(250MHz,CDCl3)b:2.53(3H,s),3.43(6H,s),5.53(1H,s),5.99(2H,s),6.84(1H,d,J=8Hz),6.96(1H,d,J=7Hz),7.10-7.13(2H,m),7.32(1H,d,J=8 Hz),7.45(1H,t,J=8Hz),NH未检测到;m/z(API+):354(MH+).实施例2:4-苯并[1,3]二氧环戊烯-5-基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-2-甲酸乙酯从D1(0.3g,1.1mmol)和乙基乙醛酸酯(0.34ml,50%甲苯溶液)按照实施例1的步骤制备。将标题化合物通过硅胶柱色谱分离,用1∶9∶190的氨∶甲醇∶二氯乙烷溶液作为洗脱液(0.089g,23%).1HNMR(250 MHz,CDCl3)8:1.44(3H,t,J=7Hz),2.58(3H,s),4.48(2H,q,J=7Hz),6.01(2H,s),6.85(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.01(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.09-7.13(2H,m),7.33(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.45(1H,t,J=8Hz),NH未检测到;m/z(API+):352(MH+).实施例3:4-苯并[1,3]二氧环戊烯-5-基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-2-甲酸酰胺将实施例2(0.2g,0.57mmol)溶于甲醇(50ml).向溶液中通入氨气(15min)直到饱和。在减压条件下除去溶剂前,将反应烧瓶用塞子塞住并在室温下放置7天。将标题化合物通过硅胶柱色谱分离,用乙酸乙酯作为洗脱液(0.053g,29%).。1HNMR(250MHz,CDCl3)8:2.55(3H,s),5.85(1H,brs),6.02(3H,m),6.88(1H,d),7.00-7.12(3H,m),7.28(1H,d),7.47(1H,t),11.25(1H,brs);m/z(API+):323(MH+).实施例4:5-[4-苯并[1,3]二氧环戊烯-5-基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-2-基]-戊酸甲酯将D1(1.24g,4.6mmol)溶于叔丁基甲基醚(50ml)并用己二酸半醛(adipicsemidldehyde)甲酯(1g,6.9mmol)处理。加入乙酸铵(3.55g)的甲醇溶液(50ml)并将反应物加热到回流温度回流18小时。在减压条件下从冷却的反应物中除去溶剂,残留物分配在氢氧化钠(50ml 2M水溶液)和二氯乙烷(100ml)中。分出二氯乙烷层,干燥(MgSO4)并在减压条件下蒸发至干。将标题化合物通过硅胶柱色谱分离,用1∶9∶190的氨∶甲醇∶二氯乙烷溶液作为洗脱液(1.15g,63%)。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.52-1.90(4H,m),2.30-2.40(2H,m),2.54(3H,s),2.80(2H,brt,J=7Hz),3.67(3H,s),5.99(2H,s),6.84(1H,d,J=9Hz),6.92(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.08(1H,s),7.11(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.29(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.40(1H,t,J=8Hz),10.17(1H,brs);m/z(API+):394(MH+).实施例5:5-[4-苯并[1,3]二氧环戊烯-5-基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-2-基]-戊酰胺从实施例4(1g,25mmol)按照实施例3的步骤制备。5-[4-苯并[I,3]二氧环戊烯-5-基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-2-基]-戊酸铵通过硅胶柱色谱分离,用1∶9∶190的氨∶甲醇∶二氯乙烷溶液作为洗脱液(0.32g,33%)。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.55-1.73(4H,m),2.19(2H,t,J=7 Hz),2.46(3H,s),2.76(2H,t,J=7Hz),5.46(1H,brs),5.99(2H,s),6.32(1H,brs),6.83(1H,d,J=8Hz),6.95(1H,d,J=7Hz),7.07(1H,s),7.09(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.30(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.43(1H,t,J=8Hz),NH未检测到;m/z(API+):379(MH+).实施例6:4-苯并[1,3]二氧环戊烯-5-基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-2-甲醛将实施例1(0.3g,0.85mmol)溶于盐酸(20ml,2M水溶液)并加热至回流温度3小时。将冷却的溶液用饱和的碳酸氢钠中和并且将产物萃取进入二氯乙烷中。干燥二氯乙烷溶液(MgSO4)并在减压条件下蒸发将标题化合物从溶剂中分离(0.22g,84%)。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:2.53(3H,s),6.03(2H,brs),6.89(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.03-7.15(4H,m),7.37(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.50(1H,t,J=8Hz),9.76(1H,s);m/z(API+):308(MH+).实施例7:3-[4-苯并[1,3]二氧环戊烯-5-基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-2-基]-丙烯腈将实施例6(0.76g,2.47mmol)溶于二氯乙烷(100ml)。加入氰基甲基三苯基氯化(0.826g,2.47mmol)后加入二异丙基乙基胺(0.85ml,48.7mmol)。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌3小时,然后分配在水(200ml)和二氯乙烷(100ml)中。分出二氯乙烷层,干燥(MgSO4)并减压蒸发至干。将3-[4-苯并[1,3]二氧环戊烯-5-基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-IH-咪唑-2-基]丙烯腈通过硅胶柱色谱分离,用1∶9∶190的氨∶甲醇∶二氨乙烷溶液作为洗脱液(0.32g,33%)。(0.33g,41%).m/z(API+):331(MH+).实施例8:(E)-3-[4-苯并[1,3]二氧环戊烯-5-基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-2-基]-丙烯酰胺将实施例7(0.22g,0.67mmol)溶于叔丁醇(50ml)并用氢氧化钾处理(0.112g,2mmol)。在减压条件下除去溶剂之前将反应混合物加热到回流温度18小时。将标题化合物用通过硅胶柱色谱分离,用乙酸乙酯作为洗脱液(0.03g,13%)。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:2.60(3H,s),5.68(1H,brs),5.90(1H,d,J=13Hz),5.99(2H,s),6.29(1H,brs),6.83(1H,d,J=8Hz),6.93(1H,d,J=13Hz),6.97(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.12(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.33(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.40-7.72(3H,m);m/z(API+):349(MH+).实施例9:2-(5-苯并[1,3]二氧环戊烯-5-基-2-叔丁基-3H-咪唑-4-基)-6-甲基吡啶按照实施例4的描述,从D1(269mg,1mmol)和新戊醛(129mg,1.5mmol)制备标题化合物(280mg,83%),并在硅胶色谱上用60-80°石油醚中的乙酸乙酯洗脱后分离白色泡沫:1H NMR(盐酸盐,250MHz,CD3OD)δ:1.32(9H,s),2.48(3H,s),5.79(2H,s),6.68-6.78(3H,m),7.19(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.33(2H,d,J=8Hz),7.75(1H,t,J=8Hz);m/z(API+):336(MH+).实施例10:6-[2-乙基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-喹喔啉
将D2(5g,1.71mmol)溶于乙酸(50ml)并用乙酸铵(2.64g,34.3mmol)和丙醛(0.12ml,1.71mmol)处理并且在100℃加热30分钟。在0℃用2M的氢氧化钠溶液将冷却的反应混合物的pH调节到pH8。有机产物萃取进入二氯乙烷(2×100ml)。干燥(MgSO4)并减压蒸发至干,m/z(API+):332(MH+)。将2-乙基-5-(6甲基-吡啶-2-基)-4-喹喔啉-6-基-咪唑-1-醇粗品(518mg,1.56mmol)溶于DMF,用三乙基亚磷酸盐(0.83ml,4.68mmol)处理并在1300℃搅拌5小时。减压除去DMF并将产物分配在乙酸乙酯100ml)和水(100ml)中。干燥有机产物(MgSO4)并减压蒸发至干。标题化合物通过硅胶柱色谱分离,用5%甲醇二氯乙烷溶液(300mg,56%)作为洗脱液;1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.42(3H,t,J=7.5Hz),2.56(3H,s),2.89(2H,q,J=7.5Hz),6.99(1H,d,J=7.5Hz),7.39-7.48(2H,m),8.12(2H,s),8.40(1H,s),8.82-8.85(2H,m),NH未检测到;m/z(API+):316(MH+).实施例11:6-[2-乙基-3-甲基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-3H-咪唑-4-基]-喹喔啉
将实施例10(100mg,0.32mmol)溶于干燥四氢呋喃(50ml),冷却至0℃并用二(三甲基甲硅烷基)酰胺(amide)钠(0.35ml,0.35mmol)处理且在加入碘代甲烷(30ul,0.48mmol)之前在该温度下搅拌15min。将反应混合物在室温下搅拌1小时,然后将产物萃取进入二氯甲烷(2×100ml)。干燥有机产物(MgSO4)并减压蒸发至于(55mg,52%);1HNMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.26-1.29(3H,m),2.15(3H,s),7.73(2H,q,J=7.5Hz),3.38(3H,s),6.74(1H,d,J=7.SHz),7.17-7.28(2H,m),7.63-7.68(1H,m),7.92-7.97(2H,m),8.72(2H,s);m/z(API+):330(MH+).实施例12:6-[2-异丙基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-喹喔啉
按照实施例10的步骤从D2和异丁醛制备。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.38-1.41(6H,m),2.50(3H,s),3.18(1H,m),7.35(1H,d,J=7.5Hz),7.30-7.45(2H,m),8.13(2H,s),8.40(1H,s),8.81-8.84(2H,m),NH未检测到;m/z(API+):330(MH+).实施例13:6-[2-异丙基-3-甲基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-3H-咪唑-4-基]喹喔啉
按照实施例11的步骤从实施例12制备。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.31(6H,d,J=7.5Hz),2.12(3H,s),3.42(3H,s),3.02(1H,m),6.74(1H,t,J=5Hz),7.28-7.29(2H,m),7.65-7.69(1H,m),7.92-7.98(2H,m),8.73(2H,s);m/z(API+):334(MH+).实施例14:6-[2-甲基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-喹喔啉
按照实施例10的步骤从D2和乙醛制备。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:2.67(3H,s),2.81(3H,s),7.49(2H,t,J=8.0Hz),7.86-8.00(2H,m),8,24(1H,d,J=8.75Hz),8.37(1H,s),8.99(2H,s),NH未检测到;m/z(API+):302(MH+).实施例15:6-[2,3-二甲基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-3H-咪唑-4-基]-喹喔啉
按照实施例11的步骤从实施例14制备。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:2.32(3H,s),2.57(3H,s),3.52(3H,s),6.89(1H,d,J=7.5Hz),7.28(1H,s),7.36-7.45(1H,m),7.79-7.83(1H,m),8.11(2H,d,J=1OHz),8.89(2H,s);m/z(API+):316(MH+).实施例16:6-[2-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-喹喔啉
按照实施例10的步骤从D2和新戊醛制备。1H NMR(250MHz;CDCl3)δ:1.43(9H,s),2.78(3H,s),6.97(1H,d,J=7.5Hz),7.31(1H,s),7.42(1H,t,J=7.5Hz),8.09-8.18(2H,m),8.40(1H,s),8.82-8.87(2H,m),NH未检测到;m/z[ESMS]:344.2[M+H]+实施例17:2-[叔丁基-5-(4-甲氧苯基)-3H-咪唑-4-基]-6-甲基吡啶
按照实施例4的步骤从D3和新戊醛制备。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.41(9H,s),2.42(3H,s),3.84(3H,s),6.91(3H,m),7.17(1H,d),7.42(1H,t),7.51(2H,m),NH未观测到;m/z(API+)322(MH+).实施例18:2-[甲基-5-(4-甲氧苯基)-3H-咪唑-4-基]-6-甲基吡啶
将D3(250mg,0.1mmol)溶于丁基甲基醚(20ml)和甲醇(5ml)中。加入乙醛(2ml)并将反应混合物加热到回流温度过夜。在2、4和6小时进一步加入乙醛(3×1ml)。冷却,用乙酸乙酯稀释反应混合物并分别用碳酸氢钠水溶液、水和盐水洗涤。干燥有机相(Na2SO4)并在真空中浓缩至得到棕色油状物,将该油状物在硅胶干闪式色谱上用5%甲醇的二氯乙烷溶液洗脱得到淡黄色油状物。1HNMR(250MHz,CDCl3)b:2.43(3H,s),2.51(3H,s),3.84(3H,s),6.92(3H,m),7.27(1H,d),7.38(1H,t),7.52(2H,m),NH未检测到;m/z(API+)322(MH+).实施例19:7-[2-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-4H-苯并[1,4]噁嗪-3-酮
在室温下的氩气中将氯代乙酰氯(10mg,0.092mmol,7.5μl,1.1eq)加入D4(30mg,0.084mmol,1.0eq)的干燥的DMF(0.5ml)溶液中。分批加入碳酸钾(46mg,0.334mmol,4.0eq)并将得到的混合物在室温下搅拌16h。将反应混合物用水稀释(10ml)并用EtOAc(2×10ml)萃取。有机层用水和盐水(各20ml)洗涤,然后干燥(MgSO4)并除去溶剂。通过硅胶闪式柱色谱纯化,用9∶1 CH2Cl2∶MeOH+1%Et3N洗脱得到标题化合物。1H NMR(400MHz;DMSO-d6)δ:1.52(9H,s),2.67(3H,s),4.63(2H,s),6.98(1H,d),7.11(1H,d),7.22(1H,s),7.28(1H,d),7.37(1H,d),7.80(1H,t),10.98(1H,br.s),NH未检测到;m/z[ESMS]:363.2[M+H]+.实施例20:6-[2-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-3H-苯并噁唑-2-酮
在室温下的氩气中将三乙基胺(56mg,77μl,5.0eq)滴加到D4(40mg,0.111mmol,1.0eq)和1,1′-羰基二咪唑(20mg,0.123mmol,1.1eq)的无水的DMF(1.1ml)溶液中。将得到的混合物在室温下搅拌16h。将反应混合物用水稀释(10ml)。将混合物用EtOAc(2×10ml)萃取并且有机层用水和盐水(各20ml)洗涤,然后干燥(MgSO4)并除去溶剂。通过硅胶闪式柱色谱纯化,用25∶1CH2Cl2∶MeOH+1% Et3N洗脱得到灰白色固体的标题化合物。1HNMR(250MHz;CD3OD)δ:1.34(9H,s),2.41(3H,s),6.94(1H,d),7.11-7.07(2H,m),7.14(1H,d),7.18(1H,s),7.46(1H,t),NHs为检测到;m/z[ESMS]:349.2[M+H]+.实施例21:7-[2-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-3,4-二氢-2H-苯并[1,4]噁嗪
在室温下的氩气中将LiAlH4溶液(262μl 1M醚溶液,0.262mmol,5.0eq)滴加到实施例19(19mg,0.052mmol,1.0eq)的无水DMF(0.75ml)溶液中。由于氢气的生成可观察到冒泡,并将得到的橙色混合物在室温下搅拌5h。加入甲醇(1ml)并将将反应混合物与饱和的酒石酸钠钾(30ml)和EtOAc(30ml)强力搅拌2小时。分离各层并将有机层用水和盐水(各30ml)洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并除去溶剂。通过硅胶闪式柱色谱纯化,用9∶1CH2Cl2∶MeOH+1%Et3N洗脱得到灰白色固体的标题化合物。1H NMR(250MHz;CD3OD)δ:1.33(9H,s),2.44(3H,s),3.24(2H,t),4.07(2H,t),6.48(1H,d),6.68-6.64(2H,m),6.99(1H,d),7.09(1H,d),7.44(1H,t),NHs未检测到;m/z[ESMS]:349.3[M+H]+.实施例22:2-[4-苯并[1,3]二氧环戊烯-5-基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-2-基]-甲基胺
将从D1和(1,3-二氧-1,3-二氢-异吲哚-2-基)-乙醛按照实施例4的步骤制备的2-[4-苯并[1,3]二氧环戊烯-5-基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-2-基-甲基]-异吲哚-1,3二酮(3g)溶于甲醇(200ml)并用一水合肼(2ml)处理。将反应物加热回流4h,冷却,用丙酮处理淬灭过量的腙并蒸发至干。然后将残留物放入2M盐酸中,中和至pH8并用二氯乙烷萃取。干燥(MgSO4)合并的有机层,在真空中浓缩并将残留物在硅胶闪式柱色谱用90∶9∶1二氯甲烷,甲醇,0.88氨洗脱得到灰白色固体的标题化合物。1HNMR(250MHz,CDCl3)8:2.53(3H,s),4.05(2H,s),5.99(2H,s),6.83(1H,d,J=6Hz),6.94(1H,d,J=7Hz),7.08(2H,m),7.28(1H,d,J=1OHz),7.41(1H,d,J=7Hz)NHs未检测到;m/z(API+)309.
实施例23-70
将1-羟基苯并三唑(700mg,35ml)和实施例22(1.078g,35ml)在DMF中制成储备液。将过量的N-环己基碳二亚胺,N-甲基聚苯乙烯通过浅的96孔板加入Robbins FlexChem反应域。向每个孔中加入1-羟基苯并三唑溶液(3ml,0.075mmol),之后加入实施例22溶液(0.5ml,0.05mmol)。然后将酸(0.1mmol在0.5ml DMF中)加入各个孔中,密封并震荡60h。加入树脂键合的异氰酸酯然后连续震荡18h,之后加入Amberlyte IRA-93并继续震荡18h。然后过滤各个孔并在真空中浓缩偶合的产物。 实施例71:6-[2-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-苯并噁唑
从1-苯并噁唑-6-基-2-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-乙烷-1,2-二酮2-肟(通过流程1中描述的肟酮路线制备)和新戊醛按照实施例10的方法制备。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.40(9H,s),2.40(3H,s),6.94(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.19(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.62(1H,t,J=8Hz),7.65(1H,dd,J=8 and 1Hz),7.89(1H,s),8.10(1H,s),11.06(1H,br.s),NH未检测到;m/z[API]:333.1[M+H]+实施例72:6-[2-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-α]吡啶
从1-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-2-[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5α]吡啶-6-基-乙烷-1,2-二酮(D10)和新戊醛按照实施例4的方法制备。1H NMR(250MHz;CDCl3)δ1.36(9H,s),2.35(3H,s),7.02(1H,d),7.17(1H,d),7.51(1H,t),7.78(2H,s),8.38(1H,s),8.91(1H,s),NH未检测到;m/z[C1MS]:333[M+H]+.实施例73:6-[2-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-IH-咪唑-4-基]-1H-苯并咪唑
在室温下的氩气中将萘酸钠(91ml 0.4M的THF溶液,36.3mmol,10.0eq)滴加入混合的1-和3-苄基-5-[2-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-苯并咪唑(通过流程1中描述的二酮路线制备)(1.53g,3.63mmol,1.0eq)在无水1,4-二氧烷(70ml)中的搅拌的溶液中。得到的棕色混合物进一步在氩气条件下搅拌16h,然后在分配在水和乙酸乙酯之前酮入空气20min。有机相用水,盐水洗涤,干燥(MgSO4)并浓缩得到黄色固体。将该固体用40-60的石油醚溶解除去大部分萘,然后通过硅胶闪式柱色谱纯化,用EtOAc→20%MeOH-EtOAc洗脱。得到黄色固体的标题化合物(0.780g,65%)。1H.NMR(400MHz;CDCl3)8:1.49(9H,s),2.52(3H,s),6.90(1H,d),7.23(1H,d),7.32(1H,t),7.41(1H,d),7.62(1H,br.s),7.87(1H,s),7.98(1H,br.s),NHs未检测到;m/z[ESMS]:332.2[M+H]+.实施例74:6-[2-异丙基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-[1,2,4]-三唑并[1,5-α]吡啶
按照实施例4的方法从D10和异丁醛制备。1H NMR(250MHz;CDCl3)δ:1.31(6H,d),2.42(3H,s),3.12(1H,h),7.01(1H,d),7.22(1H,d),7.49(1H,t),7.76(1H,d),7.81(1H,d),8.36(1H,s),8.91(1H,s),NH未检测到;m/z[ESMS]:319[M+H]+.实施例75:5-[2-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]苯并[1,2,5]噁二唑
按照实施例10的方法从1-苯并[1,2,5]噁二唑-5-基-2-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-乙烷-1,2-二酮2-肟(按照流程1中简述的路线制备)新戊醛制备。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.59(9H,s),2.52(3H,s),7.02(1H,d),7.27(1H,d),7.48(1H,t),7.76(1H,dd),7.82(1H,dd),8.11(1H,t),NH未检测到;m/z[APC1MS]:334.2[M+H]+,332.1[M-H]-.实施例76:5-[2-甲基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-苯并[1,2,5]噁二唑按照实施例10的方法从1-苯并[1,2,5]噁二唑-5-基-2-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-乙烷-1,2-二酮2-肟(按照流程1中简述的路线制备)和乙醛制备。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:2.54(3H,s),2.58(3H,s),7.04(1H,d),7.30(1H,25d),7.49(1H,t),7.76(1H,dd),7.83(1H,dd),8.11(1H,s),NH未检测到;m/z[APC1MS]:292.1[M+H]+,290.1[M-H]-.实施例77:5-[2-异丙基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]苯并[1,2,5]噁二唑
按照实施例10的方法从1-苯并[1,2,5]噁二唑-5-基-2-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-乙烷-1,-2-二酮2-肟(按照流程1中简述的路线制备)和异丁醛制备。1HNMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.40(6H,s),2.54(3H,s),3.12(1H,h)57.04(1H,d),7.28(1H,d),7.49(1H,t),7.76(1H,dd),7.83(1H,dd),8.11(1H,t),NH未检测到;m/z[APC1MS]:320.2[M+H+,318.1[M-H]-.实施例78:2-[2-叔丁基-5-(2,3-二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-3H-咪唑-4-基]-6-甲基吡啶
按照实施例4的方法从1-(2,3-d二氢苯并呋喃-5-基)-2-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-乙烷-1,2-二酮(按照流程1中简述的路线制备)和新戊醛制备。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.43(9H,s),2.48(3H,s),3.22(2H,t),4.60(2H,t),6.77(1H,d),6.88(1H,d),7.24(1H,d),7.33(2H,m),7.48(1H,s),NH未检测到;m/z[APC1MS]:334.3[M+H]+,332.2[M-H]-.实施例79:5-[2-乙基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-苯并噻唑
按照实施例10的方法从1-苯并三唑-5-基-2-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-乙烷-1,2-二酮2-肟(按照流程1中简述的路线制备)。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.34(3H,t),2.51(3H,s),2.83(2H,q),6.98(1H,d),7.24-7.40(2H,m),7.77(1H,dd),7.99(1H,d),8.38(1H,d),9.01(1H,s),NH未检测到;m/z(API+):321.1(MH+).实施例80:5-12-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-苯并[1,2,5]噻二唑
按照实施例4的方法从1-苯并[1,2,5]噻二唑-5-基-2-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-乙烷-1,2-二酮肟(按照流程1中简述的路线制备)和新戊醛制备。1H NMR(2S0MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.21(9H,s),2.24(3H,s),6.91(1H,d),57.21(1H,d),7.39(1H,t),7.85-7.90(2H,m),8.20(1H,s),11.80(1H,br.s);m/z(API+):350.2(MH+).实施例81:6-[2-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]苯并噻唑
按照实施例10的方法从1-苯并噻唑-5-基-2-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-乙烷-1,2-二酮2-肟(按照流程1中简述的路线制备)和新戊醛制备。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.39(9H,s),2.38(3H,s),6.94(1H,d,J=7.5 Hz),7.20(1H,d,J=7.5Hz),7.40(1H,t,J=7.5Hz),7.75(1H,dd,J=8.5and1.5Hz),8.10(1H,d,J15=8.5Hz),8.30(1H,d,J=1.5Hz),9.00(1H,s),11.29(1,br.s);m/z(API+):349.2(MH+).实施例82:6-[2-甲基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-苯并噻唑
按照实施例10的方法从1-苯并噻唑-5-基-2-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-乙烷-1,2-二酮-2-肟(按照流程1中简述的路线制备)和乙醛制备。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:2.50(3H,s),2.54(3H,s),6.97(1H,d),7.25-7.28(1H,m),7.40(1H,t),7.77(1H,dd),8.12(1H,d),8.27(1H,d),9.01(1H,s),NH notobserved;m/z(API+):307.1(MH+).实施例83:5-[2-异丙基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-苯并[1,2,5]噻二唑
从1-苯并[1,2,5]噻二唑-5-基-2-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-乙烷-1,2-二酮2-肟(按照流程1中简述的路线制备)和异丁醛制备。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.29(6H,d),2.37(3H,s),3.06-3.23(1H,m),7.00(1H,d),7.31(1H,d,),7.47(1H,t),7.92-8.04(2H,m),8.27(1H,s),11.89(1H,br.s);m/z(API+):335.43(MH+).实施例84:6-[2-甲基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-苯并[1,2,3]噻二唑
从1-苯并[1,2,3]噻二唑-6-基-2-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-乙烷-1,2-二酮2-肟(按照流程1中简述的路线制备)和乙醛制备。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:2.54(3H,s),2.57(3H,s),7.02(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.24-7.65(1H,m),7.47(1H,t,J=8Hz),7.91(1H,dd,J=8.5 and 1Hz),8.41(1H,d,J=1Hz),8.59(1H,d,J=8.5Hz),NH未检测到;m/z(API+):308.1(MH+).
实施例85-120
按照实施例23-70的方法从2-[5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-4-喹喔啉-6-基-1H-咪唑-2-基]-甲基胺制备。
实施例121-165
按照实施例23-70的方法从2-[4-(4-甲氧苯基)-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-2-基]-甲基胺制备。 实施例166:6-[2-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-4H-苯并[1,4]噁嗪-3-酮将D13(133mg,0.3mmol)溶于乙酸(2ml)。加入铁粉(339mg,6mmol)并将混合物在70℃强力搅拌2h。冷却,将混合物通过硅藻土过滤,用乙酸乙酯洗涤。然后将溶液蒸发至干并将残留物分配在碳酸氢钠水溶液和乙酸乙酯中。有机相用硫酸钠干燥,蒸发至干并将残留物在硅胶色谱上用5%的甲醇的乙酸乙酯溶液洗脱得到标题化合物(73mg)。1H NMR(250MHz;DMSO-d6)由于NMR时间刻度上旋转有限,导致光谱范围很宽。δ:1.37(9H,s),2.49(3H,s),4.57(2H,s),6.80-7.31及7.63-7.57(6H,m),10.70(1H,br.s),11.80(1H,br.s);m/z[ESMS]:363.3[M+H]+.实施例167:6-[2-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]-4H-苯并[1,4]噁嗪按照实施例21的步骤从实施例166制备。1HNMR(250MHz;DMSO-d6)由于NMR时间刻度上旋转有限,导致光谱范围很宽。8:1.33(9H,s),2.43(3H,s),3.25(2H,t),4.10(2H,t),6.80-6.45(3H,m),7.00(1H,d),7.09(1H,d),7.50-7.41(1H,m),NHs未检测到;m/z[ESMS]:349.3[M+H]+.实施例168:6-[2-叔丁基-5-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]喹啉从1-(6-甲基-吡啶-2-基)-2-喹啉-6-基-乙烷-1,2-二酮1-肟(按照流程1中简述的路线制备)。1H NMR(250MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.41(9H,s),2.37(3H,s),6.93(1H,d,J=7.5Hz),7.21(1H,d,J=8Hz),7.38-7.41(2H,m),7.92(1H,dd,J=9and 2Hz),8.08(1H,d,J=9Hz),8.16-8.18(2H,m),8.88-8.91(1H,m),11.41(1H,brs);m/z(API+):343.3(MH+).
生物学数据
本发明化合物的生物学活性可通过下述试验进行评价:
评价smad3的ALK5激酶磷酸化的方法
用移液管量取100微升含有150纳克融合蛋白谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶-smad3/100微升涂层缓冲液的0.1摩尔碳酸氢钠(pH7.6)将碱性闪式板(BasicFlash-Plates)(NEN生命科学)涂层。将板盖盖上并在室温保温10-24小时。然后将板用200微升涂层缓冲液(0.1摩尔碳酸氢钠)洗涤2次,并在空气中干燥2-4小时。
为了进行磷酸化反应,向每孔中加入90微升含有50毫摩尔HEPES缓冲液(pH7.4);5毫摩尔MgCl2;1毫摩尔CaCl2;1毫摩尔二硫苏糖醇;100微摩尔鸟嘌呤核苷三磷酸酯;0.5微Ci/孔 γ33P-腺嘌呤三磷酸酯(NEN生命科学)和400纳克在ALK5激酶域的N-末端的谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶融合蛋白(GST-ALK5)。不加入任何GST-ALK5进行背景计数。通过在各种化合物存在下决定酶活性评价ALK5抑制剂。将板在30℃保温3小时。保温后通过吸引除去试验缓冲液,将每孔用200微升冷的在磷酸盐缓冲的盐水中的10毫摩尔焦磷酸钠洗涤3次。抽吸最后的洗涤液并干燥弄污的板。然后将板在Packard TopCount上计数。
荧光各向异性激酶接合试验
在使无试验化合物时荧光配体有效地(>50%)酶结合和在足够浓度(>10x Ki)的有力抑制剂存在时未结合的荧光配体的各向异性与其结合值测量不同的条件下,将激酶酶,荧光配体和不同浓度的试验化合物一起保温达到热动力平衡。
优选激酶酶的浓度应≥1x Kf。所需荧光配体的浓度依赖于所使用的仪器,以及荧光和物理化学性质。所使用的浓度必须低于激酶酶的浓度,且优选少于激酶酶浓度的一半。典型的程序是:
将所有组分溶于最终组分为50mM HEPES,pH7.5,1mM CHAPS,1mM DTT,10mM MgCl2,2.5% DMSO的缓冲液中。
ALK5酶浓度:4nM
荧光配体浓度:1nM
试验化合物浓度:0.1nM-100uM
将组分在最终体积10ul的LJL HE 384 B型黑色微滴板中保温直到达到平衡(5-30mins)。
在LJL Acquest中读取荧光各向异性。定义:Ki=抑制剂结合的离解常数
Kf=荧光配体结合的离解常数
荧光配体是下列化合物:
它是衍生自5-[2-(4-氨基甲基苯基)-5-吡啶-4-基-1H-咪唑-4-基]-2-氯代苯酚和绿光碱性蕊香红(rhodamine green)。
基质标记抑制:RNA印迹程序(Northern Blot Protocol)
在酶试验中确认活性的数据是如下获得的。
在具有10%胎牛血清,青霉素(5单位/ml)和链霉素(5ng/ml)的EMEM介质生长来自ATCC的肾上皮癌细胞系A498。在100mm培养皿中使A498细胞生长至接近融合,在血清饥饿下(serum-starved)培养24小时,用化合物预处理4小时,然后加入10ng/ml TGF-β(R & D Systems,Inc.,MinneapolisMN)。将细胞暴露于TGF-β24小时。通过酸性苯酚/氯仿萃取提取细胞的RNA(Chomczynski and Sacchi,1987)。通过琼脂糖凝胶电泳解析总共10微克RNA,并转移至尼龙膜上(GeneScreen,NEN Life Sciences,Boston MA)。用32P标记的cDNA探针(Stratagene,La Jolla,CA)探察粘纤蛋白mRNA。将膜暴露于磷光成像板并用ImageQuant软件(Molecular Dynamics,Sunnyvale,CA)使频带显影并定量。
基质标记抑制:蛋白质印迹程序(Western Blot Protocol)
在酶试验中确认活性的数据是如下获得的。
在烧瓶中使细胞生长至接近融合,饥饿过夜并用TGF-β和化合物处理。用冰冷却的磷酸盐缓冲盐水处理后24小时或48小时洗涤细胞。向板上加入500微升2X装载缓冲液(loading buffer),将细胞刮下并收集在微离心管中(2X装载缓冲液:100mM Tris-Cl,pH6.8,4%十二烷基硫酸钠,0.2%溴酚蓝,20%甘油,5% β-巯基乙醇)。将细胞溶解并搅拌。使样品煮沸10分钟。将20微升样品加在7.5%聚丙烯酰胺凝胶(BioRad)上并电泳。
通过半干的印迹将在蛋白中尺寸分馏的蛋白转移至硝基纤维素膜。用5%磷酸盐缓冲的盐水(PBS)中奶粉和0.05%Tween-20在4级(degrees)C封锁膜过夜。用PBS/Tween-20洗涤3次后将膜与一级抗体(primary antibody)一起在室温保温4小时。用PBS/Tween洗涤3次后将膜与二级抗体(secondaryantibody)在室温保温1小时。最后,信号用来自Amersham的检测试剂盒显像。
本发明化合物通常显示ALK5受体调节活性,具有IC50值在0.0001到10μM。
Claims (10)
1.通式(I)化合物或其药用盐:
其中R1是萘基、蒽基或苯基,任选地被一个或多个选自卤素、C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷硫基,C1-6烷基,C1-6卤代烷基,O-(CH2)m-Ph,S-(CH2)m-Ph,氰基,苯基和CO2R的取代基取代,其中R是氢或C1-6烷基,m是0-3;或R1是与芳香或非芳香的5-7员环稠和的苯基或吡啶基,其中所述的环任选地含有最多3个独立的选自N、O和S的杂原子,且任选的由=O取代;
R2表示氢,C1-6烷基,C1-6烷氧基,苯基,C1-6卤代烷基,卤素,NH2,NH-C1-6烷基或NH(CH2)n-Ph,其中n是0-3;
R3表示C1-6烷基,-(CH2)p-CN,-(CH2)p-COOH,-(CH2)p-CONHR4R5,-(CH2)pCOR4,-(CH2)q(OR6)2,-(CH2)pOR4,-(CH2)q-CH=CH-CN,-(CH2)q-CH=CH-CO2H,-(CH2)p-CH=CH-CONHR4R5,-(CH2)pNHCOR7或-(CH2)pNR8R9,
R4和R5独立地是氢或C1-6烷基;
R6是C1-6烷基;
R7是C1-7烷基,或任选取代的芳基,杂芳基,芳基C1-6烷基或杂芳基C1-6烷基;
R8和R9独立地选自氢,C1-6烷基,芳基和芳基C1-6烷基;
p是0-4;
q是1-4;
X1和X2之一是N,另一个是NR10;且
R10是氢,C1-6烷基或C3-7环烷基;
条件是该化合物不是:
i)2-[5-(2-甲基苯基)-2-丙基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
ii)2-[2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-5-(4-甲氧苯基)-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
iii)2-[2-(1,1-二甲基乙基)-5-苯基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
iv)2-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-2-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
v)2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-甲基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
vi)2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-乙基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
vii)2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-氨基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
viii)2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-异丙基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,
ix)2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-丙基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶,或
x)2-[5-(3,5-二甲基苯基)-2-酰胺基-1H-咪唑-4-基]吡啶。
2.根据权利要求1的化合物,其中R1是任选地由一个或多个选自卤素、C1-6烷氧基,C1-6烷硫基和氰基的取代基取代的苯基;或R1是与芳香或非芳香的5-7员环稠和的苯基或吡啶基,其中所述的环任选地包含最多3个独立地选自N、O或S的杂原子,且可以任选地由=O取代。
3.根据权利要求1或2的化合物,其中R2位于吡啶环的氮的邻位。
4.根据前述任一项权利要求的化合物,其中R3是C1-6烷基或(CH2)pNHCOR7,其中R7是C1-7烷基,或任选取代的芳基,杂芳基,芳基C1-6烷基或杂芳基C1-6烷基。
5.根据前述任一项权利要求的化合物,其中R10是氢。
6.根据权利要求1的化合物,是实施例1-71定义的任一个化合物或其药用盐。
7.药物组合物,含有前述任一项权利要求的化合物,但是无条件iv)至x),或者其药用盐,以及药学上可接受的载体或稀释剂。
8.抑制哺乳动物中TGF-β信号通道的方法,包括对哺乳动物,需要该治疗的哺乳动物,给用治疗有效量的权利要求1-6任一项中的化合物,但是无条件i)至x),或者它们的药用盐。
9.治疗选自慢性肾病,急性肾病,伤口愈合,关节炎,骨质疏松症,肾病,充血性心力衰竭,溃疡,眼病,角膜损伤,糖尿病性肾病,神经功能损伤,阿耳茨海默氏疾病,营养疾病,动脉粥样硬化,腹膜和皮下粘连,任何其中纤维变性是主要因素的疾病,以及再狭窄的疾病的方法,包括对需要该治疗的哺乳动物,给用治疗有效量的权利要求1-6任一项中记载的化合物,但是无条件i)至x),或其药用盐。
10.抑制哺乳动物中基质形成的方法,包括对哺乳动物,给用治疗有效量的权利要求1-6任一项的化合物,但是无条件i)至x),或者其药用盐。
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2001
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- 2001-02-20 AR ARP010100755A patent/AR029803A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-02-21 PL PL01357420A patent/PL357420A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-02-21 EP EP01905954A patent/EP1257543A1/en active Pending
- 2001-02-21 CN CN01805374A patent/CN1404478A/zh active Pending
- 2001-02-21 CA CA002401036A patent/CA2401036A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-02-21 CZ CZ20022852A patent/CZ20022852A3/cs unknown
- 2001-02-21 KR KR1020027010853A patent/KR20020073597A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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- 2001-02-21 US US10/204,370 patent/US20030166633A1/en not_active Abandoned
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2002
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102686589A (zh) * | 2009-12-17 | 2012-09-19 | 霍夫曼-拉罗奇有限公司 | 乙炔基衍生物 |
CN102686589B (zh) * | 2009-12-17 | 2014-12-10 | 霍夫曼-拉罗奇有限公司 | 乙炔基衍生物 |
CN103221415A (zh) * | 2010-12-03 | 2013-07-24 | 伊莱利利公司 | 噁唑并[5,4-b]吡啶-5-基化合物及其用于治疗癌症的用途 |
CN103221415B (zh) * | 2010-12-03 | 2015-06-17 | 伊莱利利公司 | 噁唑并[5,4-b]吡啶-5-基化合物及其用于治疗癌症的用途 |
CN114380823A (zh) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-04-22 | 中国药科大学 | 咪唑-2-甲胺类衍生物及其医药用途 |
CN115466260A (zh) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-12-13 | 延边大学 | 含氨基酸结构的咪唑和噻唑类衍生物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN115466260B (zh) * | 2022-09-06 | 2023-10-13 | 延边大学 | 含氨基酸结构的咪唑和噻唑类衍生物及其制备方法和应用 |
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NO20023953D0 (no) | 2002-08-20 |
IL151319A0 (en) | 2003-04-10 |
CA2401036A1 (en) | 2001-08-30 |
CO5271680A1 (es) | 2003-04-30 |
HUP0204514A2 (en) | 2003-05-28 |
AU2001233918B2 (en) | 2004-06-24 |
MXPA02008082A (es) | 2003-02-27 |
PL357420A1 (en) | 2004-07-26 |
NZ520753A (en) | 2004-08-27 |
JP2003524010A (ja) | 2003-08-12 |
EP1257543A1 (en) | 2002-11-20 |
NO20023953L (no) | 2002-10-21 |
KR20020073597A (ko) | 2002-09-27 |
US20040220230A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
AR029803A1 (es) | 2003-07-16 |
HUP0204514A3 (en) | 2004-07-28 |
AU3391801A (en) | 2001-09-03 |
CZ20022852A3 (cs) | 2003-04-16 |
WO2001062756A1 (en) | 2001-08-30 |
BR0108437A (pt) | 2005-06-28 |
US20030166633A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
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