CN1356745A - 电气接入或连接装置 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种电气接入或连接装置,具有一个接触件(1),特别是一个插座触点,并且具有一个附加弹性元件(2),其中所述接触件(1)具有一个由两个接触边(3)构成的接触区(4)和一个与所述接触边(3)相连的弯曲弹性区(5),用于将接触力施加到一个插入到所述接触区(4)内的配合接触件(6)上,并且所述附加弹性元件(2)具有两个边(7)和一个与所述边(7)相连的桥接片(8)。所述电气接入或连接装置的接触力通过尽可能简单和低成本的结构得以进一步提高,即所述附加弹性元件(2)的构成方式以及相对于所述接触件(1)的安装方式是,所述附加弹性元件(2)在接触力(F)的方向上的延伸长度大于垂直于接触力(F)方向的延伸长度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电气接入或连接装置,具有一个接触件,特别是一个插座触点,并且具有一个附加弹性元件,其中所述接触件具有一个由两个接触边构成的接触区和一个将所述接触边与接触区相连的弯曲弹性区,用于将接触力施加到一个插入到所述接触区内的配合接触件上,并且所述附加弹性元件具有两个边和一个与所述边相连的桥接片。
技术背景
电气接入或连接装置的作用是建立一种电气接入或一种电气连接,即在一个接触件和一个配合接触件之间建立导电连接,并且该连接是一种电流连接。无论在具体情况中存在的是一种接入装置还是一种连接装置,在功能上相对是没有影响的。对于接入装置经常被认为是将某种移动件接到某种固定件上,而对于连接装置则经常被理解为将某种移动件与某种移动件连接,或者某种固定件与某种固定件相连。
以上所述电气接入或连接装置的作用是建立一种电气接入或电气连接,为此接触件要与配合接触件实现导电接触。所述电气接入或连接装置在功能上是与一个配合接触件共同作用的,其中所述配合接触件的几何形状当然必须要与所述接触件的几何形状,特别是接触区的几何形状相吻合,从而可以在接触件和配合接触件之间实现接触。
良好的电气接入或连接装置的特征首先在于,在接触状态下,接触件和配合接触件之间的过渡电阻一方面要很小,另一方面要持续保持相同的数值。
在以上所述类型的电气接入或连接装置中,在接触件和与该接触件相接触的配合接触件之间的过渡电阻取决于所述接触件和配合接触件的几何形状,还取决于接触件和配合接触件的材料,特别是与接触件和配合接触件之间的接触力和接触压力有关。所述接触力和接触压力通常的实现方式是,接触件在接触时发生弹性变形,从而由于弹性变形的恢复力而得到接触力,并产生相应的接触压力。换句话说,所述电气接入或连接装置的结构中,接触件是作为弹性元件发生作用的。
其中存在的问题首先是,当使用良导体材料作为接触件时,所述接触件的弹性比相对较小,以致于仅靠接触件本身不能实现足够和持久的接触力。该缺点在已有技术中的克服方法是,增加一个用弹簧钢制的附加弹性元件作为外层弹簧,以增加接触件的接触力,特别是卡在接触件的弯曲弹性区内。在公知的电气接入或连接装置中,附加弹性元件其几何形状必须匹配接触件的几何形状,并且要设置在接触件和接触区的外部,所以附加弹性元件的弹力与接触件本身的弹力相互叠加作用。这种具有外层弹簧的电气接入或连接装置的优点是,接触件本身可用一种良导体材料制成,而对于良好接触所需的较高接触压力则主要是通过外层弹簧现实的。
以上所述类型的电气接入或连接装置经常用于PE-分路,或通常用作接线板中的扁平插头连接,其中作为配合接触件使用的是导电条或相应的扁平插头。由于接线板的小型化要求,对于所述电气接入或连接装置所提供的安装空间越来越小。所以不仅接触件,而且作为外层弹簧使用的附加弹性元件均作为厚度很小的平面金属件构成。但是这将导致受弯曲作用的接触件以及同样受弯曲作用的附加弹性元件的弹力受到限制。
发明内容
本发明的任务是,提供一种上述类型的电气接入或连接装置,其接触力能够以尽可能简单和低成本的方式得以进一步提高。
根据本发明,对以上任务的基本解决方案体现在一种电气接入或连接装置的特征中,其中所述附加弹性元件的构成方式以及相对于所述接触件的安装方式是,所述附加弹性元件在接触力的方向上的延伸长度大于垂直于接触力方向的延伸长度。
如上所述,接触件和配合接触件之间的接触力的实现方式是,当接触时,接触件发生弹性变形,从而由于弹性变形产生一个恢复力作为接触力,并且出现一个对应的接触压力。所述弹性变形产生的方式是,当配合接触件插入到接触区内时,接触边在压力作用下张开,其中特别是接触件的弹性区受到弯曲作用。接触件的受力方向因此产生了方向相反的接触力。所以附加弹性元件相对于接触件的结构也可按以下方式描述,即附加弹性元件在受力方向上的延伸长度大于垂直于受力方向上的延伸长度。所述附加弹性元件的延伸长度是针对相应的横截面的,所以所称的延伸长度一方面指附加弹性元件的厚度,另一方面是其宽度。
通过本发明所述弹性元件的结构和布置,它和已有技术中公开的外层弹簧相比,在受力方向上具有更高的弹簧刚度。因为不仅已有技术中公开的电气接入或连接装置,而且本发明所述的电气接入或连接装置均主要是通过附加弹性元件产生接触力的,所以对于接触件和配合接触件之间的良好接触所要求的较高接触压力可从整体上提高。
尽管提高了接触力,所述电气接入或连接装置的制造还是比较简单,而且成本较低的,其中不仅接触件,并且附加弹性元件例如均可通过简单的冲压和弯折制成。
根据本发明的一种优选方案,所述接触件在纵向上具有一个凹槽或一个缝隙,并且所述附加弹性元件插入到所述凹槽或缝隙内。该结构可使所述电气接入或连接装置具有非常小的尺寸,因为接触件的厚度在附加弹性元件插到缝隙内时仅有极小的增大。所述附加弹性元件例如是一个纵向变形的卡环,特别是一个纵向变形的挡圈。其中的卡环或挡圈需在纵向上加以变形,因为接触件并不是环形的,而是矩形结构。
下面简要说明本发明所述的另一种优选方案,所述电气接入或连接装置的接触件的接触边的端部呈楔形或三角形弯曲嵌入到接触区内。另一种有利方案是,所述附加弹性元件的边的端部具有与所述接触件的接触边的端部相吻合的楔形或三角形。由于接触边的端部以楔形或三角形弯曲嵌入到接触区内,从而一方面确定了接触区的位置,另一方面接触区向接触件内部移动了一截,使得配合接触件更容易插到接触件内。此外由于接触边的向内弯曲的端部呈楔形或三角形,在接触边的外侧形成凹槽,它可用于附加弹性元件与接触件之间的固定。为此附加弹性元件的边的端部同样呈楔形或三角形,使其能够嵌入凹槽中。
在实际中存在许多可实现和改进本发明所述电气接入或连接装置的可能性。为此一方面参见权利要求1后的从属权利要求,另一方面参见以下两个实施例的说明,并结合附图。
附图说明
图1表示已有技术中的电气接入或连接装置,具有一个接触件和一个作为外层弹簧构成的附加弹性元件,
图2表示本发明所述电气接入或连接装置的第一实施例,具有一个接触件和一个附加弹性元件,
图3表示本发明所述电气接入或连接装置的第二优选实施例,具有一个与导流块整体连接的接触件,一个附加弹性元件和一个配合接触件,其中的附加弹性元件和配合接触件尚未与接触件连接在一起,并且
图4表示图3所示电气接入或连接装置的实施例,具有一个处在接触中的配合接触件。
优选实施例描述
图1表示的是一个已有技术中公知的电气接入或连接装置,具有一个接触件1和一个附加弹性元件2,其中的接触件1具有由两个接触边3构成的接触区4和一个与该接触边3整体连接的弯曲弹性区5。在所述接触件1的接触区4内,发生与图3所示配合接触件6的接触,此时随着配合接触件6插入接触件1,弹性区5将使接触件1出现弹性变形,从而在插入到接触区4的配合接触件6和接触件1之间实现接触力和接触压力。
在图1所示的公知电气接入或连接装置中,附加弹性元件2是作为附加弹簧构成的,也就是说,附加弹性元件2包围在接触件1外面,其形状与接触件1的形状吻合。所述附加弹性元件2具有两个边7和一个与这两个边7相连的弯曲桥接片8。当一个配合接触件6插入到接触件1的接触区4内时,所述两个接触边3在压力作用下张开,使得接触件1的弹性区5克服其弹力受到弯曲。由于接触件1的这种弹性变形产生了一个作为接触力的恢复力,从而得到了一个对应的接触压力,将接触边3压到被插入到接触区4内的配合接触件6上。
由于接触件1的弹性区5的弹力所产生的恢复力在已有技术中通过以下方式被放大,即所述接触件1被一个附加弹性元件2所包围。当接触边3由于插到接触区4中的配合接触件6在压力作用下张开时,附加弹性元件2的边7也向外张开。所以除了接触件1的弹性区5受到弯曲,附加弹性元件2的弯曲桥接片8也受到弯曲力的作用,从而提高了作用在配合接触件6上的接触力,提高的程度等于附加弹性元件2的弹簧刚度。由于附加弹性元件2的这种偏平结构以及由此而得到的弹性元件2的相对较小的厚度9,这里在电气接入或连接装置上实现的弹簧刚度也相对较小。
图2所示的本发明所述电气接入或连接装置和图1所示公知的电气接入或连接装置的区别是,其附加弹性元件2的构成方式以及相对于所述接触件1的安装方式是,所述附加弹性元件2在接触力F的方向上的延伸长度大于垂直于接触力F方向的延伸长度。对于图2所示的具有矩形横截面的附加弹性元件2意味着,其厚度9大于其宽度10。其中厚度9对应于弹性元件2在接触力F方向上的延伸长度,宽度10对应于垂直于接触力F方向的延伸长度。
如果将配合接触件6插到接触区内,则所述接触件1的接触边3和附加弹性元件2的边7在压力作用下张开,使得接触件1和附加弹性元件2受到弯曲力作用。该作用力的方向与接触力F的方向相反。这里所出现的作用力方式是,弹簧刚度仅与附加弹性元件2的宽度10成线性正比,但是与附加弹性元件2的厚度9的关系则是三次方。从中可明显看出,通过本发明在图2所示实施例中的附加弹性元件2的布置结构,电气接入或连接装置的弹簧刚度显然大于图1所示公知电气接入或连接装置的刚度。如果在受力方向上提高附加弹性元件2的弹簧刚度,则同样也会提高作用在插入到接触区4内的配合接触件6上的接触力。
在图3和图4所示的电气接入或连接装置的优选实施例中,接触件1具有纵向缝隙11。在该缝隙11内可插入附加弹性元件2。所述附加弹性元件2是一个沿纵向变形的卡环12。该卡环12和一个圆形卡环相比,进行了沿纵向的变形,和接触件1一样,具有一个不是圆形,而是大致呈矩形的纵截面。通过接触件1上的缝隙11的结构可以实现一种整体上相当紧凑的电气接入或连接装置。将图2和图4比较可看出,当卡环12插到缝隙11内时,整个电气接入或连接装置的厚度与接触件1的厚度相比并没有由于附加弹性元件2而增加,或者增加的程度极小。
在图3和图4中还可看出,接触件1的接触边3的端部呈楔形或三角形弯曲嵌入接触区4内。这里首先相对于接触件1的纵向长度确定了接触区4,因为接触区4是两个弹簧边3具有最小间隔的区域。由于弹簧边3端部具有楔形或三角形形状,所以弹簧边3到接触件1的开口端部的间隔又有少许增大。通过该方式使配合接触件6易于插到接触件1内,因为弹簧边3的端部从配合接触件6的插入方向上看彼此呈漏斗形或V形布置。
卡环12在接触件1上的固定通过以下方式可易于实现,即边7的端部13与接触件1的接触边3的端部形状相吻合,呈楔形或三角形构成。因此边7的端部13可卡在接触边3的凹槽内,所述凹槽是通过楔形弯曲嵌入到接触区4内的接触边3的端部形成的。通过该结构可防止卡环12从接触件1上意外脱落。此外,还可保证配合接触件6插到接触区4内时由于弹性变形使附加弹性元件2产生的恢复力准确指向接触区4。
为在接触件1和配合接触件6之间实现优良的电气接触,所述接触件1用一种具有高电导性的材料制成,例如铜或银,而附加弹性元件2则用高强度材料制成,例如弹簧钢。
此外,在图3和图4所示的实施例中,所述接触件1与一个导电体14连成一体,并且所述导电体14本身又与两个拉簧卡子15相连。与这两个拉簧卡子15对应的导流块16分别构成导电体14的一部分。电缆可经所述拉簧卡子15与接触件1实现导电连接,并且经所述接触件1进一步与一个插在电气接入或连接装置中的配合接触件6连接在一起。
Claims (10)
1.一种电气接入或连接装置,具有一个接触件(1),特别是一个插座触点,并且具有一个附加弹性元件(2),其中所述接触件(1)具有一个由两个接触边(3)构成的接触区(4)和一个与所述接触边(3)相连的弯曲弹性区(5),用于将接触力施加到一个插入到所述接触区(4)内的配合接触件(6)上,并且所述附加弹性元件(2)具有两个边(7)和一个与所述边(7)相连的桥接片(8),其特征是,所述附加弹性元件(2)的构成方式以及相对于所述接触件(1)的安装方式是,所述附加弹性元件(2)在接触力(F)的方向上的延伸长度大于垂直于接触力(F)方向的延伸长度。
2.如权利要求1所述的电气接入或连接装置,其特征是,所述接触件(1)在纵向上具有一个凹槽或一个缝隙(11),并且所述附加弹性元件(2)插入到所述凹槽或缝隙(11)内。
3.如权利要求2所述的电气接入或连接装置,其特征是,所述附加弹性元件(2)是一个纵向变形的卡环(12)。
4.如权利要求3所述的电气接入或连接装置,其特征是,所述附加弹性元件(2)是一个纵向变形的挡圈。
5.如权利要求1至4中任何一项所述的电气接入或连接装置,其特征是,所述接触件(1)的接触边(3)的端部呈楔形或三角形弯曲嵌入到接触区(4)内。
6.如权利要求5所述的电气接入或连接装置,其特征是,所述附加弹性元件(2)的边(7)的端部(13)具有与所述接触件(1)的接触边(3)的端部相吻合的楔形或三角形。
7.如权利要求1至6中任何一项所述的电气接入或连接装置,其特征是,所述接触件(1)由一种高电导率材料制成,并且所述附加弹性元件(2)用一种高强度材料制成。
8.如权利要求7所述的电气接入或连接装置,其特征是,所述接触件(1)用铜或银制成,并且所述附加弹性元件(2)用弹簧钢制成。
9.如权利要求1至8中任何一项所述的电气接入或连接装置,其特征是,所述接触件(1)与一个导电体(14)连成一体,并且所述导电体(14)与至少一个导体连接件相连。
10.如权利要求9所述的电气接入或连接装置,其特征是,至少有一个导体连接件是作为拉簧卡子(15)构成的,并且所述导电体(14)的一部分构成所述拉簧卡子(15)的导流块(16)。
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DE10054661A DE10054661C2 (de) | 2000-11-03 | 2000-11-03 | Elektrische Anschluß- oder Verbindungseinrichtung |
DE11054661.7 | 2000-11-03 | ||
DE10054661.7 | 2000-11-03 |
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CN1356745A true CN1356745A (zh) | 2002-07-03 |
CN1276548C CN1276548C (zh) | 2006-09-20 |
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CN01133892.XA Expired - Fee Related CN1276548C (zh) | 2000-11-03 | 2001-11-03 | 电气接入或连接装置 |
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CN (1) | CN1276548C (zh) |
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CN102113176A (zh) * | 2008-07-14 | 2011-06-29 | 菲尼克斯电气有限两合公司 | 电连接装置 |
CN102113176B (zh) * | 2008-07-14 | 2014-11-05 | 菲尼克斯电气有限两合公司 | 电连接装置 |
Also Published As
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US6572419B2 (en) | 2003-06-03 |
CN1276548C (zh) | 2006-09-20 |
DE10054661C2 (de) | 2003-01-30 |
US20020076998A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
DE10054661A1 (de) | 2002-05-29 |
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