CN1355752A - 脉冲密封机等装置的加热丝 - Google Patents

脉冲密封机等装置的加热丝 Download PDF

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CN1355752A
CN1355752A CN00808463A CN00808463A CN1355752A CN 1355752 A CN1355752 A CN 1355752A CN 00808463 A CN00808463 A CN 00808463A CN 00808463 A CN00808463 A CN 00808463A CN 1355752 A CN1355752 A CN 1355752A
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CN1143795C (zh
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坂本笃信
坂本和子
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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    • B29C65/22Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/221Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/222Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip comprising at least a single heated wire
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • B65B51/00Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/10Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/22Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/22Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns
    • B29C66/225Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being in the form of recurring patterns being castellated, e.g. in the form of a square wave or of a rectangular wave
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/244Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines being non-straight, e.g. forming non-closed contours
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/20Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
    • B29C66/24Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight
    • B29C66/246Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being closed or non-straight said joint lines forming figures, e.g. animals, flowers, hearts
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/8187General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81871General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
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    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
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    • B29C65/38Impulse heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于脉冲加热式密封机、图书装订机、层压机、图像产生装置等的加热丝。一张由电阻材料例如钢铬合金制成的薄板通过轧制等方法而进一步减薄,通过回火而被适宜地强化,并且被光蚀加工,以使发热部分的宽度小,而电极的宽度大,从而制作出整体式加热丝。加热丝的发热部分是间距很小的锯齿形,从而可以通过热量扩散而使锯齿形图案消失在密封线或平面上,而且锯齿的宽度是均匀和狭窄的,并且几乎等于所需形状的宽度。因此,发热部分与电极之间的连接部分的缺点可以消除,而且由于电阻加热丝的结构相对精细和长,因此可以与电源供应的电压匹配使用。

Description

脉冲密封机等装置的加热丝
技术领域
本发明涉及一种热熔化和粘结诸如聚氯乙烯等材料的脉冲密封机、图书装订机和层压机。
背景技术
脉冲密封机可以使8~15A的电流流过宽度为大约2~5mm的加热丝,大约需要一秒的时间可将加热丝加热到大约150℃,并且熔化和粘结聚氯乙烯和热熔性树脂;对于加热丝而言,它的发热部分采用由铬钢和镍铬合金等高电阻材料制成的狭窄宽度线材件,而要求不发热的电极部分采用相对更厚的铜板和铁板等,上述两部分通过压制接触或点焊等方法连接起来。
尽管有大电流流过密封机,但由于密封机的长度为大约20~40cm,因此呈现在两端的电压只能达到大约15~30V。出于这个原因,需要利用电压调节器例如变压器和电子电路而调节100~220V的商业电源电压。
由于利用压制接触或点焊等方法对加热丝操作是需要依赖感觉的手工工作,因此会导致加热丝长度不规则、制品有缺陷和精度低,而这会导致连接部分过热并缩短使用寿命。
此外,利用压制接触或点焊等方法形成的电极厚度较大,而厚电极部分不能安装在加热器底座上,因此当图5所示的传统膨胀吸收装置15被采用而且发热部分伸长时,该部分的两端将悬浮在空气中并且过热,从而经常导致覆盖在过热部分上的聚氯乙烯等材料出现穿孔。
此外,变压器非常重,而对于电子电路形式的电压调节器,由于其电压相对于电源电压较低,而其电流很高,因此它的控制困难而且容易发生故障,此外,这两种部件的价格昂贵。
在图书装订机和层压机等的情况下,具有高热容量的金属杆和滚轮等被一根由镍铬金属丝绕着云母板等卷绕而制成的加热丝加热,并且在热平衡状态下使用。因此,即使加工量很小,也需要等待5至10分钟,直至金属杆或滚轮被加热。
作为本发明的现有技术,存在JP(U)-A-57-167004(以下称作引用文献)。引用文献中公开了一种锯齿形加热丝,它是将一个粘贴在玻璃纤维加强环氧树脂基板上的条带形金属层从两侧垂直于纵向交替切割出狭缝而形成的,这种形状非常类似于本发明中的。然而,该引用文献的目的是利用弹性防止加热丝因热膨胀力而断裂、通过缩窄加热丝的宽大宽度而取消对变压器的需要、并且提高散热性能,但没有提到通过减小相应狭缝的间隙而消除密封线上的锯齿形状,也从未提及这种目的。
对于间隙尺寸,引用文献中指出,间隙尺寸是金属层厚度的三倍左右。由于在该引用文献的一个实施例中厚度为0.1mm,因此间隙为0.3mm。尽管如此,未经回火处理的厚度为0.1mm的铬钢薄板不能保持其给定形状。然而,由于根据本发明的加热丝可以不困难地保持形状,因此以这样的方式对它进行了实验,即在如此获得的加热丝上上覆盖一层厚度为0.1mm的涂有特氟龙的玻璃布带,然而,间隙清楚地出现在密封线上。如果使用未经回火处理的金属丝,则需要有0.2mm的厚度,因此根据引用文献,间隙应为0.6mm,这样的距离会导致间隙更清楚地显现在密封线上。
因此,引用文献中公开的“对应于矩形脉冲波的宽度,密封宽度为5mm,如图1所示”,很可能指的是密封线实际上是锯齿形的,然而,如果密封线上的间隙被消除,可以推测这是由于聚集在包含基板的加热丝周围的热量导致的,因为引用文献中指出密封时间为4秒,这是普通密封机的密封时间0.5~1秒的4~8倍;另一方面,可以推测这是因为散热性能差而导致的,这与引用文献的初始目的相反,无论如何,引用文献中从未提出应当尽可能地限制间隙。
此外,在引用文献中,必须通过将金属板粘着在玻璃纤维加强环氧树脂上而保持其形状,然而,由于需要降低批量生产中在宽阔区域中对金属部分曝光和蚀刻的成本,因此引用文献带来了很多问题,其中包括下列尚未解决的问题。玻璃纤维加强环氧树脂基板是如何切割的?由于密封机在用于PP等材料时的操作温度要升高到150℃以上,因此如何保持环氧树脂的阻热性能?使用什么类型的具有耐用性的粘结剂?是否会如前所述因紧密接触基板而导致导致散热性能降低?是否会因基板吸热而导致密封时间延长?由于加热引线部分的两端也用作压制表面,引线部分的两端如何以平坦状态引出到外侧?
发明内容
一种加热丝以这样的方式制成,即一张由电阻材料例如铬钢制成的薄板通过轧制等方法而进一步减薄到极薄,并且通过回火等方法而适宜地强化,之后,薄板被加工,例如被光蚀,随后,电极部分这个需要抑制发热的部分的宽度被尽可能地加宽到许可程度,发热部分被成形为具有狭窄和均匀宽度的所需形状,最后将上述两个部分组合在一起。
此外,对电极部分施加一种措施,以消除密封线鼓出的缺点。
此外,加热丝在发热部分的整个所需形状上被成形为具有狭窄和均匀宽度的锯齿形,并且同时采用了小的间隙,这种间隙会因热量扩散而在形成在密封线或平面上消失。
另外,通过使用加热丝,可以制造出脉冲式的图书装订机和层压机,其中可以立即实施加热操作,以将粘结剂熔化在树脂内,然后中断电流供应,以冷却粘结剂。
附图简述
图1至3是本发明的各种加热丝以及通过密封而形成的熔化和粘结轨迹中的各种密封线的俯视图,
图4是用于吸收加热丝自身膨胀的结构的侧视图,
图5是传统膨胀吸收结构的侧视图,
图6和7是本发明的加热丝的应用实例的俯视图,
图8是用于制作带有猫图案的袋子的加热丝的俯视图。
图9是锯齿形加热丝和由此形成的密封线的俯视图,
图10至12是加热丝的发热部分的放大俯视图,
图13是另一种加热丝的俯视图,
图14是加热丝的连接部分的俯视图。
本发明的最佳实施例
图1是本发明的一个实例中的加热丝1及其密封线2的俯视图。加热丝1包括一个宽度为2mm的发热部分3和宽度为5mm的电极部分4,这些部分以这样的方式在同一板件上光蚀形成,即在一张通过将铬钢轧制成0.1mm厚度并且调节到适宜硬度而形成的薄板上,预先涂敷一层感光材料,在被制作了一个光掩膜图案后,涂敷的感光材料被曝光和固着,此后,再在所需部分上覆盖一层薄膜,并且利用酸溶解和去除不需要的部分,从而完成加热丝。在本发明的电极部分中,尽管使用了相同电阻的材料,但由于电极部分的宽度增大了两倍以上,因此可以控制而不在电极部分发生密封。
当加热器用于使用时间很少的普通家用时,不会出现问题,然而,当加热丝连续使用了一定长度的时间后,发热部分的热量逐渐会散布到电极部分4中,由于加热丝两端的电极部分4的宽度扩大,因此会在加热丝1的密封线2中形成鼓出部分5。如果施加在袋子上的力集中到鼓出部分5上,则密封处容易破裂。有三种措施可以防止上述情况出现。
第一种措施是,将一个吸热电极板6放置在电极部分4的位置上,以叠加在后者上,如图2所示,从而使加热停止在叠加部分处,如密封线7所示。日本专利申请公开文献No.Heisei 8-346654中公开的吸热电极板6是一张薄板,它可以采用例如镀镍的磷青铜和具有良好导电性能、特别是导热性能的合金材料。这种措施的缺点是相应地增加了零件数量,而且由于电流流过发热部分3与吸热电极板6之间,因此加热丝在它们的接触部分处消耗得相对更快。
第二种措施是,为了防止密封线在袋子主体侧鼓出,可以将发热部分3从中心偏置出来,以消除位于袋子主体侧的加宽部分8的宽度,并将相反侧的宽度加倍,或者如图3所示,消减在袋子主体侧毗邻两端的加宽部分8的宽度,如图所示,使之小于位于相反侧的用于加工袋子边缘侧的加宽部分9的宽度。在这种情况下,尽管在密封线上形成了鼓出部分11,但它只出现在袋子边缘侧。当然,前面所述的位于袋子主体侧和位于袋子边缘侧只是多种标准中的一种,以表明鼓出部分应当对准负面影响最小的一侧。
如果加热丝1沿着图3中的虚线12的方向垂直弯折的话,也可以获得相同的效果。这样可以防止加热丝不必要地伸长。当电极部分4如图4的侧视图所示垂直弯折时,一个枕状凸块14安置在固定螺钉13前面,以向加热丝施加张力,而发热部分在加热过程中产生的伸长可以被电极部分通过自身的弹性而充分吸收。因此,由许多元件构成的传统复杂伸长吸收装置15就不必采用了。
发热部分3可以被成形为直线之外的许多形状。一种如图6所示的椭圆形加热丝16用于成型聚乙烯购物袋的提手,一种如图7所示的矩形加热丝17用于密封袋子形过滤器的外框。此外,需要利用加热丝17成型由矩形密封线构成的封闭空间,因此,如果在邻接部分18处的间隙设置为0.2mm以下,则密封线上的间隙可以消失。
在很多加热丝中存在这种间隙与密封线之间的关系。图8示出了加热丝用于加工带有可充气猫头的购物袋时的情形,该猫头可以利用美国专利No.5,545,117中公开的气球制造方法成型,其中一根由镍铬合金圆丝构成的加热丝20用于密封并烧掉外侧结构,与此类似,一根加热丝21用于简单地密封,以将猫头与购物袋内侧分隔开,而铜丝沿着点划线部分22连接在加热丝21的两端,以防止发热。加热丝以这样的方式形成,即在这些圆丝被布置成理性形状后,它们被涂有氟树脂的玻璃布和粘结剂俘获,从而被固定就位。猫脸和提手的显示是为了便于理解前面的解释内容。
在这种情况下,在两根加热丝最接近的部分上,即在耳朵和下颌的根部所在的两个部分上,需要保持气密性。因此,加热丝21通过粘着例如厚度为大约0.1mm的玻璃布带而在上述部分处紧密接触,但要彼此电绝缘。由于在上述部分粘着了胶带,因此密封温度可能会趋向于降低,然而,由于加热丝是紧密安置的,因此大部分的这种降低趋势会被抵消;此外,通过控制供应的电流,上述结构可以在实际应用中充分地起作用,而且现已发现,没有漏气间隙形成在所产生的密封线中。
一种采用了前面所述结构的加热丝显示于图9中,其中电阻材料的宽度被缩小,而且精细的狭缝被切割在发热部分23中,以便在垂直于纵向的方向上形成均匀的锯齿形状,图10至12是加热丝的局部放大图。当这些加热丝被使用而且狭缝足够小时,可以获得如图所示的漂亮的单密封线24。此外,锯齿刚好在两端的电极部分之前结束并恢复原始宽度,因此不会有引起问题的端部鼓出部分形成在密封线24上,这是第三种措施。
锯齿形加热丝的电阻值为大约25Ω,其中大约0.2mm的狭缝以大约0.4mm的间距呈锯齿形切割在发热部分23上,另一方面,能够形成与前面相同的密封线的具有2mm宽度和200mm长度的传统加热丝的电阻为2Ω。因此,从电能方面看,后面这种传统加热丝需要使用大约16V和8A的电能,另一方面,能够形成与传统加热丝相同的密封线的前面这种本发明的加热丝需要使用50V的高电压和2A的低电流。
如果商业电源电压为100V,则只需对电源进行半波整流就能够使用,此外,如果将加热丝的长度加大到1.4倍至280mm,则100V的商业电源电压可以直接施加到加热丝上。此外,如果商业电源电压为200V,则当加热丝的长度加大到两倍时,商业电源电压在经过了半波整流后就可以直接施加到加热丝上;然而,当加热丝的宽度改变为3mm,而长度被总体上加大到三倍,则200V的商业电源电压可以直接施加到加热丝上,因此可以完全省略变压器和电压调节电路。
由于锯齿形加热丝在膨胀了一点时是其形状固定的,因此,因加热而导致的膨胀和收缩可以被其自身吸收,图5所示的具有许多零件的传统复杂膨胀吸收装置当然就不需要采用了,同样,图4所示的简单装置也完全不需要了。
即使加热丝中包含间隙,但密封线中却没有间隙,其原因在于,产生的热量通过覆盖着的带氟树脂涂层的玻璃布带和将要被密封的聚乙烯薄膜自身传输到间隙中。因此,如果通常为0.1~0.2mm的厚度被进一步加大,或者产生的热量和发热时间增加,则即使加热丝中的间隙大于0.2mm,密封线中的间隙也会消失。此外,小于0.1mm的间隙当然优选采用,但这样的话利用蚀刻批量生产加热丝会变得困难。附属的权利要求书中覆盖了这些间隙尺寸。在确定的范围内,如图11所示的带有斜度的间隙可以接受。
此外,由于产生的热量与加热丝宽度成反比,因此可以对加热丝的宽度进行修改,通过与间隙相组合,可以制造具有各种不同效果的加热丝。例如,如图12所示,尽管加热丝相对于密封性能而言具有相同或基本相同的结构,但它的温度分布可以以这样的方式变化,即在发热部分的宽度方向中部,温度被设置得较高,而在周围部分,温度被设置得较低,从而防止出现边缘切断的可能性。实施上,由于发热密度也与间隙的间距呈反比,因此可以获得通过增大图11所示加热丝间隙的斜度而能达到的相同效果。
对于退火材料例如铬钢材料和镍铬合金,即使宽度为2mm,但如果厚度小于大约0.2mm的话,加热丝仍很软,并且会在经受处理时变形。然而,目前可以通过经济性的轧制而制作出厚度为0.1mm的薄板,而且如果薄板通过适宜程度的淬火而加强的话,则如前所述具有间距为0.4mm的锯齿的发热部分就能在实际应用中呈现出足够的强度。然而,如果回火过度,则锯齿形发热部分容易断裂,因此回火量应当适中。
由于加热丝的操作温度低于200℃,该温度显著低于600℃以上的回火温度,因此在加热过程中不会出现回火现象。此外,可以施加除回火之外的强化处理,例如通过轧制或锻压而整形。总而言之,对于加热丝的厚度而言,只要其强度能够通过回火等方法而加强,则越薄越好。可以采用图13所示的纵向锯齿方向,然而,由于每个锯齿的长度加大了,因此需要有更高的机械强度。因此,加热丝的强度取决于其结构设计的适宜程度。此外,在如图13所示的具有宽阔区域的加热丝的情况下,任何利用加热丝和间隙覆盖该区域的方式均允许采用,而权利要求书中定义的锯齿形覆盖了所有这些锯齿形状。此外,除了只由直线确定的锯齿形以外,由曲线确定的锯齿形也包含在内。此外,除了本身为直线的发热部分以外,任何形状的加热丝例如曲线形或具有不同宽度的加热丝均可以采用。
此外,作为加热丝的加工方法,可以采用线切割和激光切割。尽管加热丝不是太昂贵的物品,但如果能够通过改变加热丝的加工方法而省略掉变压器的话,加热丝可以因省略变压器而降低制造成本。因此,尽管蚀刻是非常经济的方法,但本发明并不局限于此。除了与电极部分4形成一体的锯齿形发热部分以外,本发明包含如图14中的俯视图所示的结构,其中锯齿形部分本身利用一个宽度加大了的连接部分25通过点焊连接在电极部分4上。
此外,本发明的密封机压制机构包含由工人实施的压制操作,其中工人用手抓住一个在一侧设有加热器的T形手动手柄,并且将加热器压制在放置于操作台上的聚乙烯上,以实施密封。此外,由于本发明的加热器可以在省略了电压调节器的情况下操作,因此在这种情况下,电源电路可以从电源向加热器施加简单形式的电流供应。此外,由于本发明的脉冲密封机重量轻并且可以直接连接到电源上,因此本脉冲密封机可有效地用于在过去只能采用加热板式加热器的场合中。
前面描述的结构也可以用在采用了加热板式加热器的图书装订机和层压机中,而且本发明的脉冲加热密封机的操作方式可以施加到上述机器中。也就是说,氟树脂条带被覆盖到被成形为所需形状的锯齿形加热丝上,用于图书装订的纸捆和层压薄膜被装有加热丝的压制机构加压,而相对较大的电流在短时间内施加到加热丝上以加热后者,然后再中断以冷却后者,从而使粘结剂例如热熔性树脂熔化和粘结。作为示例,由于锯齿形加热丝可以被成形为矩形,因此这种加热丝可以用于层合身份证相片。这种加热丝可以在任何需要的时间使用,而且加热丝不必一直加热,因此可以节约电能。加热设备例如权利要求书中定义的脉冲式加热密封机包含前面提到的图书装订机和层压机。
工业应用性
根据本发明,由于加热丝是利用光蚀等方法制作的,因此任何形状的加热丝均能够大批量、低成本地精确制造,此外,可以消除导致加热丝使用寿命缩短的原因,例如因不良点焊造成的过热。
由于电极部分被成形得与发热部分一样薄,因此可以防止在被加工对象上不受欢迎地形成穿孔,这种穿孔是因发热部分的某个部位悬浮在空气中而导致的过热所形成的,这种情况很容易出现在传统伸长吸收装置的两端。
此外,由于加热丝的锯齿形状中形成了狭缝,而后者可以使密封线上的间隙消失,因此施加到发热部分上的电压可以接近于电源电压。因此,电压调节器例如变压器就不再需要了,而且装置的结构得到简化。由于省略了笨重的变压器,本发明的装置的重量变得非常轻,而且成本可以减少。
此外,由于因热膨胀而可能导致的变形会被加热丝本身的弹性吸收,而且锯齿形发热部分还能够加强变形吸收效果,因此通常设在加热丝两端的伸长吸收装置可以简化或省略。
所以,脉冲加热密封机本身容易制造,而且其成本可以显著降低。
此外,通过使用本发明的加热丝,可以制造出脉冲加热密封机式的图书装订机和层压机,而且本发明的加热丝可以立即使用,这将导致电能的节约。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于诸如脉冲加热密封机的加热装置的加热丝,该密封机包括至少一个电源电路、一个连接着电源电路的加热器和一个装有加热器的压制机构,其中,该加热器包含一根被覆盖着涂有氟树脂的玻璃布带等物的加热丝,通过在短时间内从电源电路向加热器供应相对大的电流可以加热加热器,然后中断加热以便冷却,从而将容纳在压制机构中的聚乙烯和热熔性树脂等熔化和粘结,其特征在于,加热丝以这样的方式形成,即一张由高电阻材料例如铬钢制成的薄板通过轧制等方法而进一步减薄到极薄,并且通过回火等方法而适宜地强化,薄板被加工例如被光蚀成这样的形状,即电极部分这个需要抑制发热的部分的宽度被尽可能地加宽到许可程度,发热部分被成形为具有狭窄且均匀的宽度的所需形状,再将上述两个部分组合在一起以形成一个整体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的加热丝,其特征在于,为了防止密封线或平面向夹持在压制机构中的聚乙烯袋子主体等的一侧鼓出,并防止密封线或平面断裂,加热丝被以这样的方式成形,即电极部分上的面向主体侧的宽度加大部分被取消,或者在电极部分的两侧设有宽度加大部分的情况下,使面对着主体侧的加大部分相对于位于相反袋子边缘侧的另一加大部分而言后退更多。
3.一种用于诸如脉冲加热密封机的加热装置的加热丝,其特征在于,该脉冲加热式密封机被以这样的方式构造,即单根或多根加热丝的发热部分被安置得在由其自身或与其他发热部分一起形成的一定程度的小间隙内相互接近,以通过热量扩散而聚集所产生的热量,从而使形成的密封线或平面中消除间隙。
4.根据权利要求1所述的加热丝,其特征在于,加热丝被成形为带有小间隙的锯齿形,这些间隙可以通过热量扩散而在形成的密封线或平面中消失,而且小间隙散布在发热部分的所需形状中。
5.一种用于成象装置的加热丝,其中加热丝被连接于氮化铝薄板或类似物上以进行均匀加热,加热丝以这样的方式形成,即一张由高电阻材料例如铬钢制成的薄板通过轧制等方法而进一步减薄到极薄,并且通过回火等方法而适宜地强化,薄板被加工而形成一个电极部分或需要抑制发热的部分,其具有尽可能加大到许可程度的宽度,以及一个发热部分,其被成形为具有狭窄且均匀的宽度的锯齿形形状并且带有小间隙,这些间隙可以使加热不均匀性通过热量扩散在与氮化铝薄板或类似物相连接一侧的对侧消失。
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