CN1339822A - 用三元素合金制作半导体器件的基板 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种基板,它包括银/金/微量元素的合金层,其中所述合金形成制品的外层。所述微量元素选自一组硒、锑、铋、镍、钴、铟及其混合物。本发明特别用于形成各种元件的外层,包括引线框架、球栅阵列、座、印刷电路板、簧片开关和连接器。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及包含三元素合金的基板,具体地说,涉及一种基板,其中把包含Au/Ag/微量元素的三元素合金加到镍层上,所述镍层被加在铜或铜合金,或者镍或镍合金上,以给出所需的改善结合能力、耐腐蚀性、对模型树脂的粘附力,以及成本效率特性。
背景技术
一般地说,半导体器件的基板使电子器件之间电连接,所述器件包括比如半导体芯片和印刷电路板(“PCB”)等器件。此外,良好的基板材料特性包括对连接导线的结合能力、耐腐蚀的性能、对模型树脂(通常起覆盖作用)的粘附力、和耐用性。
为实现这些特性,普通半导体器的基板都采用在还包括铜层和镍层之多层电镀结构的最外层是Sn-Pb。不过,铅普遍被认为是对健康有害的物质。铅对人体是有毒性的,它有很长的有关人和环境的不利影响的记录史。
按照惯例,作为最外层,可以代替Sn-Pb层的是钯层或金层。但钯层或金层在与导线的结合能力、对模型树脂的粘附力以及对PCB的附着特性等方面表现出很多问题。相应地,使用钯的成本和使用金的成本历来是相当高的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种无铅基板,同时,由此还顺便对环境提供所需要的改善结合能力、耐腐蚀性、对模型树脂的粘附力和成本效率等特性。
为实现这个目的,本发明采用包含金、银和选自硒、锑、铋、镍、INO1645钴和铟的微量元素的三元素合金。
附图说明
以下的描述将参照附图说明本发明的上述各方面和其它特征,其中:
图1是本发明应用三元素合金层的基板的示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明的基板包括:
制有图样的铜层;
厚度为10-300微吋镍层,它被沉积所述制有图样的铜层上;
包含金/银/微量元素、厚度为3-160微吋的三元素合金,它沉积在所述镍层上。
所述三元素合金层包含重量百分比50-95%的银、重量百分比4-49%金,以及重量百分比1%或更少的一种微量元素。所述微量元素选自一组硒、锑、铋、镍、钴和铟,最好为硒。加入微量元素有助于改善微粒的外形并减少沉积金属的多孔性。
对于本发明而言,镍层防止铜的扩散,并改善将半导体芯片的封装安装于印刷电路板上的焊料浸润性。镍层的厚度最好在10-300微吋范围。靠上面的三元素合金层防止下层金属因受热而扩散,避免上层氧化,并在导线与硅芯片结合的过程中,提高与金导线的结合能力。三元素合金层的厚度最好在3-160微吋范围。
本发明的基板具有无需电镀Pb/Sn合金即可安装用电器件或电子器件的特性。此外,正如以前所报道的那样,银存在的问题在于,由于吸湿性的缘故而使对模型树脂的粘附力下降;而由于本发明,则避免了这种问题。
可将本发明用于制作引线框架、球栅阵列、座、印刷电路板、簧片开关、连接器和各种电子元件。例
有如下面所详述的那样使本发明得到测试。采用金/银/硒合金进行所述测试,这是最佳的合金。准备样品
用酸除去铜或铜合金线圈的表面的油脂,并使之活化。依次将Ni和Au/Ag/硒合金电镀到整个铜或铜合金基材的表面上。结合能力的测试评估
在用导线焊接机实现导线的焊接之后,利用连接牵引测试计测量拉伸强度。焊料浸润性的测试评估
在175℃条件下经7.5小时的热处理后,使样品在95℃、相对湿度95%的条件下强制老化8小时。然后参照MIL-STD-883D进行对焊料浸润性的评估。对模型树脂粘附力的测试评估
在170℃模铸温度下以模型树脂密封样品90秒钟之后,再在175℃条件下加热处理6小时,参照MRT(防湿测试)利用SAT(扫描声学层析X射线摄影机)评估半导体器件与模型树脂之间的粘附力。例1和比较例1关于结合能力的评估测试
表1和2中示出每次评估测试的结果。该二表中,将每个样品的制备条件标记为“·”。表1表示对按照本发明电镀的层评估测试的结果,而表2表示对其上只沉积Au或Ag或Au/Ag合金的层评估测试的结果,用以比较。表2中的样品12-18只对Ag,样品19-24只对Au,而样品25-30对Au/Ag合金。表1
表2
叠层结构 | Ni | Au/Ag/Se | EDS分析(wt%) | 导线焊接时的拉伸强度(g) | ||||
厚度(μin) | 30 | 50 | 70 | 5 | 10 | 15 | ||
样品1 | · | · | Au11,Ag89 | 15.30 | ||||
样品2 | · | · | Au16,Ag84 | 15.60 | ||||
样品3 | · | · | Au22,Ag78 | 15.40 | ||||
样品4 | · | · | Au27,Ag73 | 15.40 | ||||
样品5 | · | · | Au30,Ag70 | 15.36 | ||||
样品6 | · | · | Au35,Ag65 | 16.21 | ||||
样品7 | · | · | Au30,Ag70 | 15.21 | ||||
样品8 | · | · | Au33,Ag67 | 16.21 | ||||
样品9 | · | · | Au32,Ag68 | 16.71 | ||||
样品10 | · | · | Au34,Ag66 | 16.15 | ||||
样品11 | · | · | Au31,Ag69 | 14.87 | ||||
样品12 | · | · | Au31,Ag69 | 15.88 |
叠层结构 | Ni | Ag,Au或Au/Ag | EDS分析(wt%) | 导线焊接时的拉伸强度(g) | ||||
厚度(μin) | 30 | 50 | 70 | 5 | 10 | 15 | ||
样品13 | · | · | Ag100 | - | ||||
样品14 | · | · | Ag100 | - | ||||
样品15 | · | · | Ag100 | - | ||||
样品16 | · | · | Ag100 | - | ||||
样品17 | · | · | Ag100 | - | ||||
样品18 | · | · | Ag100 | - | ||||
样品19 | · | · | Au100 | 11.25 | ||||
样品20 | · | · | Au100 | 12.31 | ||||
样品21 | · | · | Au100 | 12.33 | ||||
样品22 | · | · | Au100 | 11.26 | ||||
样品23 | · | Au100 | 10.55 | |||||
样品24 | · | · | Au100 | 10.99 | ||||
样品25 | · | · | Au11,Ag89 | 9.66 | ||||
样品26 | · | · | Au16,Ag84 | 9.55 | ||||
样品27 | · | · | Au22,Ag78 | 10.25 | ||||
样品28 | · | · | Au27,Ag73 | 10.22 | ||||
样品29 | · | · | Au30,Ag70 | 11.23 | ||||
样品30 | · | · | Au35,Ag65 | 10.56 |
从表1和2的结果清楚,具有Au/Ag/Se合金层的样品比只具有Au或Ag或Au/Ag合金的层表现出更高的导线焊接拉伸强度值。再有,作为只存在Ag的最外层,不能将金导线焊接在Ag层的表面上。虽然金导线能焊接在Au/Ag合金的表面上,但本发明的Au/Ag/Se合金层比Au/Ag合金表现出非常高的导线焊接拉伸强度值。表1中,由于只含少量的Se,所以不能通过能量分布能谱(EDS)分析测定Se的含量。例2和比较例2焊料浸润性的评估
对样品做关于焊料浸润性的评估。样品的条件与例1和比较例1相同。对本发明样品的评估结果示于表3中,而对其它样品的结果示于表4中。像表1中那样,不能通过EDS分析测定Se的含量。表3
表4
叠层结构 | Ni | Au/Ag/Se | EDS分析(wt%) | 覆盖率(%) | ||||
厚度(μin) | 30 | 50 | 70 | 5 | 10 | 15 | ||
样品1 | · | · | Au11,Ag89 | 99-100 | ||||
样品2 | · | · | · | Au16,Ag84 | 99-100 | |||
样品3 | · | · | Au22,Ag78 | 99-100 | ||||
样品4 | · | · | Au27,Ag73 | 99-100 | ||||
样品5 | · | · | Au30,Ag70 | 99-100 | ||||
样品6 | · | · | Au35,Ag65 | 99-100 | ||||
样品7 | · | · | Au30,Ag70 | 99-100 | ||||
样品8 | · | · | Au33,Ag67 | 99-100 | ||||
样品9 | · | · | Au32,Ag68 | 99-100 | ||||
样品10 | · | · | Au34,Ag66 | 99-100 | ||||
样品11 | · | · | Au31,Ag69 | 99-100 | ||||
样品12 | · | · | Au31,Ag69 | 99-100 |
叠层结构 | Ni | Ag,Au或Au/Ag | EDS分析(wt%) | 覆盖率(%) | ||||
厚度(μin) | 30 | 50 | 70 | 5 | 10 | 15 | ||
样品13 | · | · | Cu3,Ni5,Ag92 | 58 | ||||
样品14 | · | · | Cu2,Ni4,Ag94 | 65 | ||||
样品15 | · | · | Cu1,Ni4,Ag95 | 70 | ||||
样品16 | · | · | Cu4,Ni3,Ag93 | 55 | ||||
样品17 | · | · | Cu2,Ni4,Ag94 | 65 | ||||
样品18 | · | · | Cu1,Ni4,Ag95 | 75 | ||||
样品19 | · | · | Cu2,Ni5,Ag93 | 72 | ||||
样品20 | · | · | Cu1,Ni4,Ag95 | 80 | ||||
样品21 | · | · | Cu1,Ni3,Ag96 | 89 | ||||
样品22 | · | · | Cu4,Ni3,Ag93 | 77 | ||||
样品23 | · | · | Cu1,Ni1,Ag98 | 80 | ||||
样品24 | · | · | Cu1,Ni1,Ag98 | 90 | ||||
样品25 | · | · | Ni5,Au11,Ag84 | 94 | ||||
样品26 | · | · | Ni4,Au16,Ag80 | 95 | ||||
样品27 | · | · | Ni2,Au22,Ag76 | 95 | ||||
样品28 | · | · | Ni3,Au27,Ag70 | 94 | ||||
样品29 | · | · | Ni4,Au30,Ag66 | 96 | ||||
样品30 | · | · | Ni4,Au35,Ag61 | 94 |
按照表4的结果,通过EDS分析只在Au或Ag的表面上,或者只在样品13到24中的Au/Ag合金测定Ni和Cu。另外,在关于焊料浸润性的评估中,焊料的含量(%)受到限制,达不到超过95%。于是,Ni或Cu的扩散使基板在焊料的浸润性方面变差。另一方面,按照表3的结果,具有不受所有通过的Ni或Cu扩散污染的Au/Ag/Se合金最外层的样品,在关于焊料浸润性的评估中全部合格,表现出超过99%的覆盖率。例3和比较例3对模型树脂粘附力的评估
对样品评估关于其对模型树脂的粘附力。样品的条件与例1和比较例1相同。对本发明样品的评估结果示于表5中,而对其它样品的结果示于表6中。在比较例3中,不用Au/Ag合金层。表5
表6
叠层结构 | Ni | Au/Ag/Se | EDS分析(wt%) | 对模型树脂的粘附力 | ||||
厚度(μin) | 30 | 50 | 70 | 5 | 10 | 15 | ||
样品1 | · | · | Au11,Ag89 | 合格 | ||||
样品2 | · | · | Au16,Ag84 | 合格 | ||||
样品3 | · | · | Au22,Ag78 | 合格 | ||||
样品4 | · | · | Au27,Ag73 | 合格 | ||||
样品5 | · | · | Au30,Ag70 | 合格 | ||||
样品6 | · | · | Au35,Ag65 | 合格 | ||||
样品7 | · | · | Au30,Ag70 | 合格 | ||||
样品8 | · | · | Au33,Ag67 | 合格 | ||||
样品9 | · | · | Au32,Ag68 | 合格 | ||||
样品10 | · | · | Au34,Ag66 | 合格 | ||||
样品11 | · | · | Au31,Ag69 | 合格 | ||||
样品12 | · | · | Au31,Ag69 | 合格 |
叠层结构 | Ni | Ag或Au | EDS分析(wt%) | 对模型树脂的粘附力 | ||||
厚度(μin) | 30 | 50 | 70 | 5 | 10 | 15 | ||
样品13 | · | · | Ag100 | 不合格 | ||||
样品14 | · | · | Ag100 | 不合格 | ||||
样品15 | · | · | Ag100 | 不合格 | ||||
样品16 | · | · | Ag100 | 不合格 | ||||
样品17 | · | · | Ag100 | 不合格 | ||||
样品18 | · | · | Ag100 | 不合格 | ||||
样品19 | · | · | Au100 | 合格 | ||||
样品20 | · | · | Au100 | 合格 | ||||
样品21 | · | · | Au100 | 合格 | ||||
样品22 | · | · | Au100 | 合格 | ||||
样品23 | · | · | Au100 | 合格 | ||||
样品24 | · | · | Au100 | 合格 |
按照表5和6的结果,沉积在Ni镀层上的Au或Au/Ag/Se合金作为最外层,比起只有Ag沉积在Ni镀层上作为最外层的样品来,达到更好的对模型树脂的粘附力。如果在基板与模型树脂之间没有被检测的SAT系统,或者有空隙,则这样的样品被认为是不合格的。
可以理解,此前已经详细描述了所设定的各种特定的实施例,但这种描述只是为了说明的目的而给出的,而且将能理解,可以作出多种改变和改型,而不致脱离后附各权利要求的精髓或范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种半导体器件的基板,它包括:
制有图样的铜层;
厚度为10-300微吋镍层,它被沉积所述制有图样的铜层上;
包含金/银/微量元素、厚度为3-160微吋的三元素合金,它沉积在所述镍层上。
2.如权利要求1所述的基板,其特征在于,所述微量元素选自Se、At、Bi、Ni、Co和In。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的基板,其特征在于,所述三元素合金包含重量百分比50-96%的Ag,重量百分比4-49%的Au和小于重量百分比1%的微量元素。
4.如权利要求1至3任一项所述的基板,其特征在于,用于制作电子元件、印刷电路板、球栅阵列和引线框架。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR10-2000-0048799A KR100379128B1 (ko) | 2000-08-23 | 2000-08-23 | 삼원합금을 이용한 환경친화적 반도체 장치 제조용 기질 |
KR2000-0048799 | 2000-08-23 | ||
KR20000048799 | 2000-08-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1339822A true CN1339822A (zh) | 2002-03-13 |
CN1245756C CN1245756C (zh) | 2006-03-15 |
Family
ID=19684599
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CNB011242108A Expired - Fee Related CN1245756C (zh) | 2000-08-23 | 2001-08-15 | 用三元素合金制作半导体器件的衬底 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6424046B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1184904A3 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2002173796A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100379128B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1245756C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2001278818A1 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW529126B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2002017396A1 (zh) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100359657C (zh) * | 2002-03-26 | 2008-01-02 | 株式会社野毛电气工业 | 键合线和使用该键合线的集成电路装置 |
CN100468845C (zh) * | 2005-08-12 | 2009-03-11 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 集电板及其制作方法 |
US7638873B2 (en) | 2005-12-01 | 2009-12-29 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Wired circuit board |
US7723617B2 (en) | 2006-08-30 | 2010-05-25 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Wired circuit board and production method thereof |
CN102312120A (zh) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-01-11 | 王一平 | 耐电迁移银铟合金键合丝及其制备方法 |
US8134080B2 (en) | 2005-07-07 | 2012-03-13 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Wired circuit board |
US8760815B2 (en) | 2007-05-10 | 2014-06-24 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Wired circuit board |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10103294C1 (de) * | 2001-01-25 | 2002-10-31 | Siemens Ag | Träger mit einer Metallfläche und mindestens ein darauf angeordneter Chip, insbesondere Leistungshalbleiter |
KR100422271B1 (ko) * | 2001-05-02 | 2004-03-10 | 이규한 | 마이크로 비지에이 방식 반도체 패키지의 빔 리드 |
US7021346B2 (en) * | 2004-01-26 | 2006-04-04 | Ao Yu Chang | Bamboo mat board and method for producing the same |
US9070392B1 (en) | 2014-12-16 | 2015-06-30 | Hutchinson Technology Incorporated | Piezoelectric disk drive suspension motors having plated stiffeners |
WO2017003782A1 (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2017-01-05 | Hutchinson Technology Incorporated | Disk drive head suspension structures having improved gold-dielectric joint reliability |
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SE312708B (zh) * | 1966-01-21 | 1969-07-21 | Engelhard Ind Inc | |
GB1461474A (en) * | 1974-07-03 | 1977-01-13 | Fulmer Res Inst Ltd | Electrical connectors and a method of preparing stable electro platings |
JPS5716193A (en) * | 1980-05-23 | 1982-01-27 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Silver coating material for electronic parts |
EP0250146A1 (en) | 1986-06-16 | 1987-12-23 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Palladium plated lead frame for integrated circuit |
JPH06184789A (ja) * | 1992-12-22 | 1994-07-05 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | 耐酸化性金属部材、メッキ液、及び回路装置 |
JPH09223771A (ja) * | 1995-12-15 | 1997-08-26 | Furukawa Seimitsu Kinzoku Kogyo Kk | 電子部品用リード部材及びその製造方法 |
JPH09275182A (ja) * | 1996-04-02 | 1997-10-21 | Seiichi Serizawa | 半導体装置用リ−ドフレ−ム |
JPH1027873A (ja) * | 1996-07-11 | 1998-01-27 | Nippon Koujiyundo Kagaku Kk | 半導体装置用リードフレーム |
JPH118341A (ja) * | 1997-06-18 | 1999-01-12 | Mitsui High Tec Inc | 半導体装置用リードフレーム |
-
2000
- 2000-08-23 KR KR10-2000-0048799A patent/KR100379128B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2001
- 2001-08-06 JP JP2001238432A patent/JP2002173796A/ja active Pending
- 2001-08-15 CN CNB011242108A patent/CN1245756C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-08-16 EP EP01870177A patent/EP1184904A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-08-17 AU AU2001278818A patent/AU2001278818A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-08-17 WO PCT/KR2001/001400 patent/WO2002017396A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-08-21 TW TW090120590A patent/TW529126B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-08-22 US US09/934,793 patent/US6424046B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100359657C (zh) * | 2002-03-26 | 2008-01-02 | 株式会社野毛电气工业 | 键合线和使用该键合线的集成电路装置 |
US8134080B2 (en) | 2005-07-07 | 2012-03-13 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Wired circuit board |
CN100468845C (zh) * | 2005-08-12 | 2009-03-11 | 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 | 集电板及其制作方法 |
US7638873B2 (en) | 2005-12-01 | 2009-12-29 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Wired circuit board |
US7723617B2 (en) | 2006-08-30 | 2010-05-25 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Wired circuit board and production method thereof |
US8266794B2 (en) | 2006-08-30 | 2012-09-18 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Method of producing a wired circuit board |
US8760815B2 (en) | 2007-05-10 | 2014-06-24 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Wired circuit board |
CN102312120A (zh) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-01-11 | 王一平 | 耐电迁移银铟合金键合丝及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20010088882A (ko) | 2001-09-29 |
CN1245756C (zh) | 2006-03-15 |
AU2001278818A1 (en) | 2002-03-04 |
TW529126B (en) | 2003-04-21 |
US20020074662A1 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
WO2002017396A1 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
JP2002173796A (ja) | 2002-06-21 |
EP1184904A3 (en) | 2006-05-17 |
KR100379128B1 (ko) | 2003-04-08 |
US6424046B1 (en) | 2002-07-23 |
EP1184904A2 (en) | 2002-03-06 |
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