CN1324602A - 具有改善侧部支流口的分流支撑管及其制造方法 - Google Patents

具有改善侧部支流口的分流支撑管及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1324602A
CN1324602A CN01121803A CN01121803A CN1324602A CN 1324602 A CN1324602 A CN 1324602A CN 01121803 A CN01121803 A CN 01121803A CN 01121803 A CN01121803 A CN 01121803A CN 1324602 A CN1324602 A CN 1324602A
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piece
tube
limit
expansion
cavity
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J·里希特
G·平查斯克
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MEINOL Ltd
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MEINOL Ltd
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于插入到血管中的、由薄膜制成的支撑管,其具有纵向轴线和第一部分和第二部分。第一部分具有近端和末端,以及第一直线边和第二直线边。第一部分的直线边与纵向轴平行,彼此远离有第一距离;第二部分具有近端和末端以及第一直线边和第二直线边,第二部分的直线边与纵向轴平行,彼此远离有第二距离。第二距离比第一距离小。第二部分的近端连通第一部分的末端;第一部分的第一直线边连接到第二直线边,将第二部分的第一直线边连接到第二直线边,形成支撑管。第一部分的末端的一部分与第二部分的近端的一部分形成了侧部支流口。

Description

具有改善侧部支流口的分流支撑管及其制造方法
本发明涉及一种支撑管(stent),尤其是涉及用于插入分支导管中的分流支撑管(bifurcated stents),以及制造该分流支撑管的方法。
在现有技术中,支撑管很常见。它们典型地由圆柱形金属网形成,该网能在内部加有压力时扩张。另外,它们能由裹成圆柱形的金属线或成圆柱形的薄膜材料形成。
支撑管通常灌输在身体导管内,该导管包括血管系统。这种支撑管是用来补偿血管的崩溃、部分闭塞、削弱或反常扩大部分的装置。支撑管也成功地用于其它方面,如泌尿管或输胆管,来加强这些体内导管。
美国专利US-4,994,071(MacGregor)公开了一种扩张分流支撑管,它具有由相互交连的柔线形成的圆柱形主格。两个附加的圆柱形格子结构相同,其直径比主格的直径小。主格包括一条将主格联系到附加格子的柔线。第二柔线将主格与其它附加格子相互连接。这些柔线形成了沿主格和每个附加格子轴向延伸的中枢。这种分流支撑管的缺点在于,形成中枢的柔线与每个格子环线的结构联系很复杂。
本发明通过提供一种具有一主管和两支管的分流支撑管以及制造和配置分流支撑管的方法,来克服现有技术中的这些或其它缺点。
在本发明的第一个实施例中,分流支撑管由三张薄膜制成,这三张薄膜模制成预定形状,其中,有两张薄膜尺寸实际上是相同的,第三张薄膜比前两张薄膜的任一张都宽。通过旋转纵向边和焊接连接点,每张薄膜都制成管状。较大薄膜形成一个作为分流支撑管主管的管子,其它薄膜形成一个作为分流支撑管支管的管子。两支管连接到主管形成分流支撑管。
在本发明第二实施例中,准备两个分流支撑管薄膜,来组成分流支撑管。对于每一个薄膜来讲,薄膜一部分的纵向边被卷起来,确保彼此形成分流支撑管中两支管中的一个。然后,每一薄膜的剩余自由边连接形成分流支撑管的主管部分。
在本发明第三实施例中,分流支撑管包括第一和第二管状部分。第一管状部分具有一形成主管部分的近端和形成支管部分的末端。支流口位于第一部分的近端和末端之间。第二部分被导引到第一部分的主管的纵向孔中,并继续前伸过支流口,以便于突出在支流口外形成第二支管。当第二部分扩张时,第二部分的近端与实质上被限定的支流口共同作用,以便于将第二支管确定在理想的位置。
本发明的一个目的就在于提供一种制造分流支撑管的方法,包括以下步骤:a)准备具有第一边、第二边、第三边和第四边的第一薄膜;b)准备具有第一边、第二边、第三边和第四边的第二薄膜;c)准备具有第一边、第二边、第三边和第四边的第三薄膜;d)将第一薄膜的第二边和第三边接在一起,以形成具有近端和末端的第一管状支管部分;e)将第二薄膜的第二边和第三边接在一起,以形成具有近端和末端的第二管状支管部分;f)将第三薄膜的第二边和第三边接在一起,以形成具有近端和末端的管状主管部分;g)将第一支管部分的近端和第二支管部分的近端接到主管部分的末端。
本发明的另一目的在于,提供一种制造分流支撑管的方法,包括以下步骤:a)准备具有近端和末端的第一薄膜;b)将第一薄膜的末端变形成第一支管,将第一薄膜的近端变形成第一主管半部;c)准备具有近端和末端的第二薄膜;d)将第二薄膜的末端变形成第二支管,将第二薄膜的近端变形成第二主管半部;e)将第一主管半部连接到第二主管半部形成主管。
本发明还有另一目的在于,提供一种制造分流支撑管的方法,包括以下步骤:a)准备一个具有近端和末端以及纵向孔的第一扩张管状件,该管状件有一支流口位于近端和末端之间,该支流口与该第一管状件的纵向孔连通,口的大小要适于接受、固定第二扩张管状件;b)第一扩张管状件被分配到具有第一腔体和第二腔体的分流支撑管中,以便于第一扩张管状件布置在第一腔体中,支流口与第二腔体连通;c)第一扩张管状件扩张,足以将其固定在第一腔体;d)准备好具有近端、末端和纵向孔的第二扩张管状件;e)加宽支流口;f)将第二扩张管状件分配到支流口中,以便于其末端置于第二腔体中,近端置于第一管状件的支流口中;g)第二扩张管状件扩张足以将第二扩张管状件定位在第二腔体和第一扩张管状件的支流口中。
本发明还有另一目的在于,提供一种制造分流支撑管的方法,包括以下步骤:
a)准备具有一近端、末端、纵向轴、圆周轴的薄膜,该薄膜包括:
第一边,具有一近基部分,该部分具有一近端和末端,还有一个末梢部分,该部分具有一近基部分和一末端;
第二边,具有一近端和一末端,并处于薄膜的近端和末端之间;
第三边,具有一近端和一末端,并处于第二边的末端和薄膜的末端之间;
第四边,处于第一边的近端部分的近端和第二边的近端之间;
第五边,处于第一边的末梢部分的末端和第三边的末端之间,该第五边的长度短于第四边的长度;
第六边,分布在第二边和第三边之间;
b)将第二边贴到第一边的近基部分,将第三边贴到第一边的末梢部分,这样就形成了具有一确定了纵向轴的纵向孔的第一扩张管状件,第四边形成了一个与纵向孔一致的近基分流支撑管口;第五边形成了一个与纵向孔一致的末端分流支撑管开口,第六边和第三边的近端以及第一边的末梢部分的近端确定了一个与纵向孔一致的侧部支流口,该支流口的大小要能确保容纳第二扩张管状件;
c)将第一扩张管状件分配到具有第一腔体和第二腔体的分流导管中,以便于第一扩张管状件布置在第一腔体中,支流口与第二腔体连通;
d)第一扩张管状件膨胀至足以将第一扩张管状件固定在第一腔体中;
e)第二扩张管状件,其具有一近端和末端,并具有纵向孔;
f)将第二扩张管状件分配到第一扩张管状件的支流口中,以便于第二扩张管状件的末端布置在第二腔体中,第二扩张管状件的近端布置在第一扩张管状件的纵向孔中;
g)第二扩张管状件充分膨胀至足以确保第二扩张管状件定位于第二腔体和第一扩张管状件的支流口中。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种分流支撑管,其包括:a)一个具有一近端、末端和确定了纵向轴的纵向孔的第一管状件,它由具有一近端、末端、纵向轴、圆周轴的薄膜构成,该薄膜包括:
第一边,具有一近端部分,该部分具有一近端和末端,还有一个末梢部分,该部分具有一近端部分和一末端;
第二边,具有一近端和一末端,并处于薄膜的近端和末端之间;
第三边,具有一近端和一末端,并处于第二边的末端和薄膜的末端之间;
第四边,处于第一边的近端部分的近端和第二边的近端之间;
第五边,处于第一边的末端部分的末端和第三边的末端之间,该第五边的长度短于第四边的长度;
第六边,分布在第二边和第三边之间;
b)用来将第二边贴到第一边的近端部分以及将第三边贴到第一边的末端部分的装置,以便于第四边形成一个与纵向孔连通的近端分流支撑管口,第五边形成一个与纵向孔连通的末梢分流支撑管开口,第六边和第三边的近端以及第一边的末端部分的近端确定了一个与纵向孔连通的侧部支流口,该支流口的大小要能确保容纳第二扩张管状件;
c)第二扩张管状件,其具有一近端和末端,并具有纵向孔,第二扩张管状件分配到第一扩张管状件的支流口中,以便于第二扩张管状件的近端布置在第一扩张管状件的纵向孔中。
本发明进一步的目的在于,提供一种制造分流支撑管的方法,包括以下步骤:
a)从具有第一横向直径的第一扩张管状件切割下一近基部件,该近基部件具有近端、末端以及纵向孔;
b)从具有第二横向直径的第二扩张管状件切割下一末端部件,该第二横向直径比第一管的第一直径小,该末端部件具有近端、末端以及纵向孔;
c)将近端部件的末端一部分固定到末端部件的近端的一部分,以便于近端部件的纵向孔与末端部件流体连通,以形成具有近端和末端以及纵向孔的第一扩张管状件,近端部分的末端和末端部分的近端的未固定部分形成了一个支流口,该支流口与第一管状件的纵向孔连通,支流口的大小要能接受和容纳第二扩张管状件;
d)将第一扩张管状件置于具有第一腔体和第二腔体的分流导管中,以便于第一扩张管状件位于第一腔体中,支流口与第二腔体连通;
e)扩张第一管状件,足以将第一扩张管状件定位于第一腔体中;
f)准备第二扩张管状件,其具有近端、末端和纵向孔;
g)将第二扩张管状件置于第一扩张管状件的支流口中,以便于第二扩张管状件的末端位于第二腔体中,第二扩张管状件的近端位于第一扩张管状件的支流口中;
h)扩张第二扩张管状件,足以将第二扩张管状件定位于第二腔体和支流口中。
本发明进一步的目的在于,提供一种分流支撑管,该分流支撑管包括:
a)具有近端、末端以及纵向孔的第一管状件,其由一近基部件和末端部件组成,近端部件具有第一横向直径、近端、末端和纵向孔,末端部件具有比第一直径小的第一横向直径、近端、末端和纵向孔;
b)将近端部件的末端一部分接到末端部件的近端的一部分的装置,以便于近端部件的纵向孔与末端部件联系流畅,以形成具有近端和末端以及纵向孔的第一扩张管状件,近端部分的末端和末端部分的近端的未固定部分形成了一个支流口,该支流口与第一管状件的纵向孔连通,支流口的大小要能接受和容纳第二扩张管状件;
c)具有近端、末端和纵向孔的第二扩张管状件,置于第一扩张管状件的支流口中,以便于第二扩张管状件的近端位于第一扩张管状件的支流口中。
图1显示了本发明的分流支撑管。
图2显示了用来形成图1所示分流支撑管的支管和主管的薄膜。
图3显示了卷成管状后的图2中的薄膜。
图4显示了图3所示管子在装配前的透视图。
图5是图3和图4所示管子在装配成分流支撑管后的端视图。
图6是图5所示装置的顶视图。
图7显示了形成本发明分流支撑管的另一实施例的薄膜。
图7B显示了形成本发明分流支撑管的另一实施例的薄膜。
图8显示了具有划分点的图7所示的薄膜。
图9显示了卷成管形后的图8的薄膜。
图9B显示了卷成管形后的图7B的薄膜。
图10显示了装配前的图9的管子。
图10B显示了装配前的图9B的管子。
图11是图9和10的管子在装配后的侧视图。
图11B是图9B和10B的管子在装配后的侧视图。
图12是图11所示的装配好的装置的端视图。
图12B是图11B所示的装配好的装置的端视图。
图12C显示了一种可用来替换图7和7B所示形式的替换实施例。
图13显示了一个用来形成本发明另一个实施例的主管和第一支管部分以及第二支管部分。
图14显示了置于待处理的主腔体和支流腔体中的导线。
图15显示了在导入待处理的腔体之前,置于导管和导线上的图13所示的主管和第一支管。
图16显示了被分到分流腔体后,扩张之前,置于导管和导线上的图13所示的主管和第一支管。
图17显示了在扩张后的图16所示第二支管部分。
图18显示了支流口的扩张。
图19显示了设置在支流口的未扩张的第二支管部分。
图20显示了图19所示第二支管部分的扩张。
图21显示了装配好的分流支撑管,在待处理的分流腔体中。
图22显示了用来形成第一扩张管状件的薄膜。
图23显示了在形成第一扩张管状件后图22所示的薄膜。
图24显示了具有插入到纵向孔和侧部支流口的导管的图23所示的第一扩张管状件。
图25显示了在扩张后的图24所示第一扩张管状件,未扩张第二管状件被导入到侧部支流口。
图26显示了在扩张后的图24所示第一扩张管状件,未扩张第二管状件置于侧部支流口。
图28显示了用来制造本发明一个可替换实施例近基部件和末梢部件的侧视图。
图29显示了被连接形成第一扩张管状件后的图28所示的近基部件和末梢部件。
图30是图29的端视图。
图30A是图29的端视图,显示了一个可替换实施例,其中,近基部件的一部分和末梢部件的一部分在连接之前已变形。
图31显示了图29的第一扩张组件,第二扩张管状件置于侧部支流口中。
图32显示了一用来形成本发明分流支撑管的薄膜。
图33显示了一用来形成本发明分流支撑管的薄膜的另一实施例。
图33A显示了利用图33薄膜生产的一支撑管。
图34显示了用来形成本发明支撑管的薄膜。
如图1所示的实施例中,分流支撑管5包括一个第一支管10、第二支管15和一个主管20。图2显示了用来形成第一支管10的第一薄膜25、用来形成第二支管15的第二薄膜30、用来形成主管20的第三薄膜35。第一薄膜25和第二薄膜30十分平坦,长宽都是预先确定好的。对于许多应用来讲,第一薄膜25和第二薄膜30实际上都是一样大小,以便于制造实际上一样大的支管10和15。然而,支管10和15,以及用来制造它们的薄膜25和30可能与它们在应用中的特定尺寸不同。本发明中将分流支撑管设计成当装配时分流支撑管具有最终尺寸。然而,在最佳实施例中,该分流支撑管是可扩张的,并按大小排列,适合在扩张基础上假设其最终尺寸。该支撑管的薄膜25和30可被模制或蚀刻,形成各种各样形式的穿孔,穿孔形式和特定应用的要求有关,这是为了获得先前描述的符合需要的可扩张的特征。第三薄膜35的大小设计成,当它卷成一个管时,其内部横向部分能容纳第一支管10和第二支管15的横向外直径。第一薄膜25具有第一边缘26、第二边缘27、第三边缘28和第四边缘29;第二薄膜30具有第一边缘31、第二边缘32、第三边缘33和第四边缘34;第三薄膜35具有第一边缘36、第二边缘37、第三边缘38和第四边缘39。薄片金属切割形成薄膜25、30、35后,变形、卷曲,以至于引起两相对边接触形成圆柱体。在图2和3显示的例子中,边缘27与29借助熔合焊缝14连接形成第一支管10。边缘32与34借助熔合焊缝19连接形成第二支管15。边缘37与39借助熔合焊缝29连接形成主管20。边缘连接可用本领域普通技术人员熟知的适于本目的的许多方法来实现,例如:螺纹、卷曲、焊接。然而,在最佳实施例中用的是焊接的方法,尤其使用点焊。如图3所示,第一支管10有一个近端11、末端12,并形成了纵向孔13;第二支管15有一个近端16、末端17,并形成了纵向孔18;主管20有一个近端26、末端27,并形成了纵向孔28。图4显示了装配前的第一支管10、第二支管15和主管20。为了形成分流支撑管5,第一支管10的近端11和第二支管15的近端16要连接到主管20的末端27,以便于纵向孔13、14和28与彼此协作。图5是一个端视图,图6是一个已装好装置的侧视图。
图11显示了本发明分流支撑管的第二个实施例。分流支撑管50具有隶属于主管部分65的第一支管55和第二支管60。分流支撑管50形成于如图7所示的第一薄膜70和第二薄膜75。该元件的薄膜70和75可被模制或蚀刻,形成各种各样形式的穿孔,穿孔形式和特定应用的要求有关,这是为了获得先前描述的符合需要的可扩张的特征。第一薄膜70和第二薄膜75十分平坦,长宽都预先确定好的。第一薄膜70具有第一边缘71、第二边缘72、第三边缘73和第四边缘74;第二薄膜75具有第一边缘76、第二边缘77、第三边缘78和第四边缘79。为了形成元件的支管,边缘72的一部分向边缘74的一部分卷曲,边缘77的一部分向边缘79的一部分卷曲。划分点80、81、82和83如图8所示选择在薄膜70和75上,其选择要满足特定应用的需要,并可根据对支管55和60长度的需要以及对主管65长度的需要进行调整。划分点80、81与边缘73和71是等距,划分点82和83与边缘76和78是等距的,这样使得分流支撑管的支管55和60的长度实际上等于主管部分65的长度。如果划分点的选择更靠近边缘73和78,那么主管长度将大于每个支管的长度;如果划分点的选择更靠近边缘71和76,那么每个支管的长度将大于主管长度。然而在最佳实施例中,划分点80、81、82、83的选择使得近端72″、74″、77″、79″大约是边缘72、74、77、79长度的1/3。如图8所示,划分点80在边缘72近似的中点处将其划分成末端72′和近端72″;划分点81在边缘74近似的中点处将其划分成末端74′和近端74″;划分点82在边缘77近似的中点处将其划分成末端77′和近端77″;划分点83在边缘79近似的中点处将其划分成末端79′和近端79″。
为了形成支撑管,如图9所示,边缘72′借助熔合焊缝90连接到74′,形成具有第一支管部分55和第一主管半部65′的第一组件95;边缘77′借助熔合焊缝91连接到79′,形成具有第二支管部分60和第二主管半部65″的第二组件100。正如前面所描述的一样,边缘连接可以本领域普通技术人员熟知的各种方法实现。图10显示了即将装配的图9所示的第一组件95和第二组件100。为了制造出如图11和12所示的分流支撑管50,边缘72″借助熔合焊缝92连接到79″;边缘74″借助熔合焊缝93连接到77″,以便于第一主管半部65′和第二主管半部65″形成主管65。图12是图11所示分流支撑管的横截面端视图。
在如图7所示的最佳实施例中,薄膜70和75是正方形或矩形。然而,正如图7B中所示,薄膜70和75的形状并不局限于此。图11B显示了用图7B所示薄膜270和275制成的分流支撑管。分流支撑管250具有隶属于主管部分265的第一支管255和第二支管260。分流支撑管250正如图7B所示由第一薄膜270和第二薄膜275组成。分流支撑管薄膜270和275可像前面所述定尺寸和蚀刻。正如图7B所示,第一薄膜270具有第一边271、第二边272、第三边273、第四边274、第五边275、第六边276、第七边146和第八边147;第二薄膜275具有第一边277、第二边278、第三边279、第四边280、第五边281、第六边282、第七边148和第八边149。如图9B所示,边缘274借助熔合焊缝290连接到276,形成具有第一支管部分255和第一主管半部265′的第一组件295;边缘280借助熔合焊缝291连接到282,形成具有第二支管部分260和第二主管半部265″的第二组件300。正如前面所描述的一样,边缘连接可以本领域普通技术人员熟知的各种方法实现。图10B显示了即将装配的图9所示的第一组件295和第二组件300。为了制造出如图11B和12B所示的分流支撑管250,边缘272借助熔合焊缝292连接到边149;边缘278借助熔合焊缝293连接到边147,以便于第一主管半部265′和第二主管半部265″形成主管265。图12B是图11B所示分流支撑管的横截面端视图。图12C显示了一种用来替换图7和7B中图案的式样。
本发明的第三种实施例包括两部分,这两部分以两步连续配置,并且为患者装配成一分流支撑管。图13显示了主管又第一支管部分110,其具有一纵向孔131和一个确定了一主管部分125的近端115,以及确定了第一支管部分130的末端120。第二支管部分140具有一个纵向孔132、近端145和末端150。如前所述,主管和第一支管部分110,以及第二支管部分140可被确定尺寸、模制或蚀刻。支流口135布置在近端115和主管又第一支管部分110的末端120中间。支流口135的大小设计成可接纳第二支管部分140,并且当第二支管部分140扩张时也适于工作并保持在支流口135中;第二支管部分140的大小要确保当支流口扩张时适于工作并保持在支流口135中。图14~21显示了分流支撑管是怎样装配在分流腔体中的。正如图14~21所示,要处理的是一具有第一或主干腔体190和第二或支流腔体195的分流腔。正如图14所示,第一导线155被引导到主干腔体190中,第二导线156被引导到支流腔体195中。正如图15所示,气囊扩张主管又第一支管部分110安排在第一气囊导管170的顶端,以便于气囊175布置在纵向孔131中。然后,第二气囊导管171被引导到主管和第一支管部分110的纵向孔131,并向前延伸,以便于气囊176布置在开口135内。第一导管170装配在第一导线155上,第二导管171装配在第二导线156上。正如图16所示,未扩张的主管又第一支管部分110被导引到待处理的区域,以便于第一支管部分130布置在主干腔体190中,支流口135与支流腔体195协作。导线156促进支流口135方向与支流腔体195一致。传统导管和气囊不成比例,为清楚起见,对于本领域人员熟知的细节在此省略,不作赘述。如图17所示,气囊175膨胀,为了确保其处于理想状态,引起主管和第一支管部分110扩张。在扩张后,主管和第一支管部分110的外壁将接触主干腔体190的内壁。然而,为清楚起见,图中有意地留了一个间隙。第一导管170的气囊175膨胀,然后第二导管171的气囊176膨胀使得支流口135扩大,如图18所示。因为支流口135扩大,所以分流支撑管确定支流口135的一部分被向外推,形成一个支流确定唇180。
气囊175和176被放气缩小,第二导管171被移走,第二导线156留在支流腔体195中。然后,将第二支管部分140附加到第二导管171上,以便于气囊176布置在纵向孔132内。然后,将第二导管171附加在第二导线156上。然后,第二支管部分140被导引到主管和第一支管部分110的纵向孔131中,并向前穿过支流口135,以便于第二支管部分140的末端150突出到支流腔体195中,近端145与纵向孔131协作,如图19所示。在第二导管171上的气囊176部分膨胀,第一导管170上的气囊175部分膨胀,致使其中压力等于气囊176中的压力。然后,两个气囊175和176同时膨胀达到相等的压力。如图20所示,第二导管171上的气囊176的膨胀引起第二支管部分140扩张,以便于其外壁正常工作,并确保包围在开口135周围;第一导管170上的气囊175的膨胀防止当气囊176膨胀时主管和第一支管部分110崩溃。扩张后,第二支管140的外壁将接触腔体190的内壁,然而,为清楚起见,图中保留了一条间隙。气囊175和176放气缩小,导管170和171以及导线155和156撤走,装配好的分流支撑管160就留在其位置,如图21所示。
图22~31显示了一个制造本发明分流支撑管的最佳方法。图22显示了一个薄膜300,用来形成第一扩张管状件301。薄膜300有一纵向轴302,一圆周轴303,一近端304,末端305,第一边306,第二端307,第三边308,第四边309,第五边310以及第六边311。薄膜300可具有各种形式,然而最佳实施例中薄膜300具有许多扩张单元312,其在第一管状件301膨胀前非常柔软,膨胀后非常刚硬。在最佳实施例中薄膜300的柔性单元312如图22所示是非常统一的。
薄膜300的第一边306具有一近端部分313,该部分具有一近端314和末端315。第一边306也有一个末梢部分316,该部分具有一近端部分317和一末端318。
薄膜300的第二边307具有一近端319和一末端320,并处于薄膜的近端304和末端305之间。
薄膜300的第三边308具有一近端321和一末端322,并处于第二边307的末端320和薄膜300的末端305之间。
薄膜300的第四边309处于第一边306的近基部分313的近端314和第二边307的近端319之间。
薄膜300的第五边310处于第一边306的末梢部分316的末端318和第三边308的末端322之间,该第五边的长度L1短于第四边309的长度L2。在最佳实施例中,第五边的长度部L1和第四边309的长度L2的比例大约5∶7,也就是说,第五边的长度L1是第四边309的长度L2的70%。在最佳实施例中,薄膜300蚀刻了许多如前所述的非常一样的单元312。第五边310上沿圆周轴向303分布的单元数量与第四边309上沿圆周轴向分布的单元数量之比例大约5∶7。
第六边311分布在第二边307和第三边308之间,在最佳实施例中,第一边306、第二边307和第三边308彼此很平行;第四边309、第五边310和第六边311彼此很平行。第一边306、第二边307和第三边308垂直于第四边309、第五边310和第六边311。
如图23所示,为了制造出第一扩张管状件301,薄膜300的第二边307借助固定装置贴到薄膜300的第一边306的近基部分313;薄膜300的第三边308借助固定装置贴到薄膜300的第一边306的末梢部分316,这样就形成了具有一纵向孔323的第一扩张管状件301,该孔确定了一个纵向轴324。固定装置可采用本领域技术人员熟知的适于本发明目的的固定方法,在最佳实施例中,用到了拧紧、挤压、焊接、熔焊或点焊。在如图23所示的最佳实施例中,利用了点焊缝325。这些边如前所述贴好后,第四边309形成了一个与纵向孔323一致的近基管状件开口或支撑管开口326;第五边310形成了一个与纵向孔323一致的末梢管状件开口或分流支撑管开口327,如图23和26所示。第六边311和第三边308的近端321以及第一边306的末端316的近端317确定了一个侧部支流口328(如图23~26所示),该支流口的大小要能确保容纳第二扩张管状件329(如图26、27所示)。支流口328的直径D1大于非膨胀元件的直径D2,也就是说,管状件301膨胀前和膨胀后,支流口328都大于第一管状件301的近基口326和末梢口327。
然后将第一扩张管状件301分到具有第一腔体和第二腔体的分流导管中,以便于第一扩张管状件布置在第一腔体中,支流口与第二腔体一致。在最佳实施例中,通过如前所述的气囊导管实现分配。定位后,第一扩张管状件膨胀至足以确保第一扩张管状件在第一腔体中。
然后制造第二扩张管状件329,其具有一近端330和末端331并具有纵向孔332。第二扩张管状件329(如图25、26和27所示)的制作方法与前面所述制作薄膜300的方法一样。在最佳实施例中,用来制作第一扩张管状件301的薄膜300的单元312和第二扩张管状件329的单元312′是一样的。
如图25所示,第二扩张管状件329要分配到第一扩张管状件301的纵向孔323中,并向前伸,伸到支流口328外,如图26所示,以便于第二扩张管状件329的末端331布置在第二腔体中,第二扩张管状件329的近端330布置在第一扩张管状件301的纵向孔323中。然后,第二扩张管状件329充分膨胀至足以确保第二扩张管状件329定位于第二腔体和第一扩张管状件301的支流口328中。如图27所示。
本实施例的优点在于,该支撑管提供了一个大支流口,便于第二扩张管状件导入侧部分叉或第二腔体中。除此之外,该支撑管尤其适于实现系列分流支撑/伸展,也适于在其闭塞前,在侧部分又周围伸展。
图28~31显示了一种可替换的实施例和制造如图23~27的第一扩张管状件的可替换的方法。在这个实施例中,第一扩张管状件400(如图29所示)包括一个具有近端402和末端403的近端部件401,以及具有近端405和末端406的末梢部件404,如图28所示。近端部件401具有纵向孔415,是从具有第一横向直径D1的第一管407上切下的;末端部件401具有纵向孔416,是从具有第二横向直径D2的第二管408上切下的。D2比D1小。可以在从管407、408上切近基部件401和末梢部件404之前,蚀刻或模制管401、404,如前所述。也可以在切完后,蚀刻或模制近端部件和末端部件401、404。为了制造第一管状件400,近端部件401的末端403一部分通过固定装置417固定到末梢部件404的近端405的一部分,以形成具有近端409和末端410以及纵向孔411的第一管状件400,如图29所示。组件401和404可通过前面描述的各种固定装置417固定,然而,最佳实施例中用的是焊接,尤其是点焊。由于D2比D1小,近端部分401的末端403和末梢部分404的近端405的未固定部分形成了一个支流口412,如图29和30所示(图29是端视图)。在一些应用中,为了增加第一管状件400的力,可能希望近基部分401的末端403和末梢部分404的近端405在固定前更多地接触彼此。可在末端403固定到近端405之前,通过如扭曲、排列和使两者结合面积更大的方式来实现。图30A是该实施例的端视图,比起图30所示的实施例来讲,末端403和近端405的接触面积更大。图30A也显示的实施例的支流口412′比图30中的实施例的支流口412大。然后,第二管状件413被导入到支流口412和412′中,如前所述扩张、定位,以便于第二管状件413的一部分与纵向孔411连通形成一个分流支撑管414(如图31所示)。
图32显示了如图22所示的“L”形薄膜的简化图。图32的薄膜500可描述为具有一纵向轴501、第一部分502和第二部分503的薄膜。第一部分502具有近端504和末端505以及第一直线边506和第二直线边507。第一部分502的直线边506和507与纵向轴501平行,彼此相距第一距离d1508。第二部分503具有近端509和末端510,以及第一直线边511和第二直线边512。第二部分503的直线边511和512与纵向轴501平行,彼此相距第二距离d2 513。所述第二距离d2 513小于第一距离d1 508。第二部分503的近端509连接第一部分502的末端505。
利用图32所示的薄膜制造一支撑管的步骤包括:将第一部分502的第一直线边506连接到第二直线边507,将第二部分503的第一直线边511连接到第二直线边512,形成如图23所示的具有纵向孔323的第一管状件301。第一部分502的末端505的一部分与第二部分503的近端509的一部分形成了如图23所示的侧部支流口328。如果要想制作分流支撑管,具有近端330、末端331和纵向孔332的第二管状件329可设置并定位在第一管状件301的支流口328中,以便于第二管状件329的纵向孔332与第一管状件301的纵向孔323保持流体连通。
图33显示了用来制造本发明的支撑管的一薄膜514的另一个实施例。图33显示了一张具有纵向轴515、第一部分516和第二部分517的薄膜514。第一部分516具有近端518、末端519、第一直线边520和第二直线边521。第一部分516的直线边520和521与纵向轴515平行,彼此相距第一距离d1522。第二部分517具有近端523、末端524、第一直线边525和第二直线边526。第二部分517的直线边525和526与纵向轴515基本平行,彼此相距有第二距离d2 527。所述第二距离d2 527小于第一距离d1 522。第二部分517的近端523连通第一部分519的末端519。利用图33所示的薄膜制造一支撑管的步骤包括:将第一部分516的第一直线边520连接到第二直线边521,将第二部分517的第一直线边525连接到第二直线边526,形成如图33A所示的具有纵向孔528的第一管状件539。第一部分516的末端519的一部分与第二部分517的近端523的一部分形成了侧部支流口529。如果要想制作分流支撑管,如前所述,具有纵向孔的第二管状件可设置并定位在第一管状件的支流口中,以便于第二管状件的纵向孔与第一管状件的纵向孔保持流体连通。
图33的薄膜可描述为具有第一边531、第二边532、第三边533、第四边534、第五边535、第六边536、第七边527和第八边538的薄膜530,如图34所示。利用图34所示的薄膜制造一支撑管539的步骤包括:将第二边532连接到第八边538,将第四边534连接到第六边536,形成如图23所示的具有纵向孔528的元件539,其中,第三边533和第七边537确定了置于第一边531和第五边535之间的支流口529,如图33A所示。如果要想作分流支撑管,如前所述,具有纵向孔的第二管状件可设置并定位在第一管状件的支流口中,以便于第二管状件的纵向孔与第一管状件的纵向孔保持流体连通。
一种制造分流支撑管的最佳实施方法包括以下步骤:准备一个具有近端和末端以及纵向孔的第一扩张管状件,该管状件有一支流口位于近端和末端之间,该支流口连通该第一管状件的纵向孔,口的大小要适于接受、确定第二扩张管状件。第一扩张管状件被分配到具有第一腔体和第二腔体的分流导管中,以便于第一扩张管状件布置在第一腔体中,支流口与第二腔体协作。支流口被加宽,足以促进支流口与第二腔体一致。如果特定应用需要,当支流口扩张足够时,第一扩张管状件的确定支流口的部分可形成一个支流确定唇。然后,第一扩张管状件扩张,足以将其确定在第一腔体中。准备好具有近端、末端和纵向孔的第二扩张管状件。将第二扩张管状件分配到支流口中,以便于其末端置于第二腔体中,近端置于第一管状件的支流口中,以便于第二扩张管状件的纵向孔与第一纵向管状件的纵向孔的保持流体连通。然后,第二扩张管状件扩张足以将第二扩张管状件定位在第二腔体和第一扩张管状件的支流口中。
还有另一种制造分流支撑管的最佳方法,其包括以下步骤:将第一导线分配到具有第一腔体和第二腔体的分流导管的第一腔体中,将第二导线分配到分流导管的第二腔体中。准备一个具有近端和末端以及纵向孔的第一扩张管状件,该管状件有一支流口位于近端和末端之间,该支流口连通该第一管状件的纵向孔,口的大小要适于接受、确定第二扩张管状件。将第一扩张管状件装配到第一气囊导管上,第一气囊导管装配到第一导线上。第一扩张管状件被分配到分流导管的第一腔体中,以便于第一扩张管状件置于第一腔体中,支流口连通第二腔体。第二气囊导管装配到第二导线上,第二气囊导管的气囊部分分配到侧部支流口中。第二气囊导管膨胀,使支流口扩张,扩张足够时形成一个支流确定唇,并促进支流口与第二腔体一致。然后,第一气囊导管膨胀,使第一扩张件扩张,足以将其确定在第一腔体中。第一和第二气囊导管放气缩小,移走第二气囊导管。准备一个具有近端和末端以及纵向孔的第二扩张管状件,将第二扩张管状件装配到第二气囊导管上。装配在第二气囊导管上的第二扩张管状件被安置在支流口,以便于第二扩张管状件的末端置于第二腔体中,近端置于第一扩张管状件的支流口中,并使第二扩张管状件的纵向孔与第一扩张管状件的纵向孔保持液体连通。第一气囊导管膨胀,第二气囊导管膨胀,使第二扩张管状件扩张地足以将第二扩张管状件定位在第二腔体和支流口中。如果特定应用需要,当支流口扩张足够时,第一扩张管状件的确定支流口的部分可形成一个支流确定唇。在一个实施例中,第一气囊导管在第二气囊导管膨胀前膨胀,第一气囊导管膨胀直到第二扩张管状件被第二气囊导管定位在支流口中。在另一个实施例中,第一和第二圈导管同时膨胀。

Claims (16)

1.一种支撑管,包括:
第一管状件,具有由一薄膜形成的纵向孔,所述薄膜具有第一边、第二边、第三边、第四边、第五边、第六边、第七边和第八边,第二边连接到第八边,第四边连接到第六边,第三边和第七边形成了支流口,所述支流口位于第一边和第五边之间。
2.根据权利要求1所述的支撑管,其特征是:进一步包括具有纵向孔的第二管状件处于并定位于第一管状件的支流口中,第二管状件的纵向孔与第一管状件的纵向孔液体连通。
3.一种制造支撑管的方法包括:
a)准备一张具有第一边、第二边、第三边、第四边、第五边、第六边、第七边和第八边的薄膜;
b)将第二边连接到第八边,第四边连接到第六边,以便于第三边和第七边形成支流口,所述支流口位于第一边和第五边之间。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征是:进一步包括以下步骤:
c)使具有纵向孔的第二管状件置于并定位于第一管状件的支流口中,第二管状件的纵向孔与第一管状件的纵向孔流体连通。
5.一种支撑管,包括:
具有纵向轴和第一部分和第二部分的薄膜;
第一部分具有近端和末端以及第一直线边和第二直线边,第一部分的直线边与纵向轴平行,彼此相距有第一距离;
第二部分具有近端和末端以及第一直线边和第二直线边,第二部分的直线边与纵向轴平行,彼此相离有第二距离,第二距离比第一距离小,第二部分的近端与第一部分的末端连通;
第一部分的第一直线边连接到第二直线边,将第二部分的第一直线边连接到第二直线边,形成具有纵向孔的第一管状件,第一部分的末端的一部分与第二部分的近端的一部分形成了侧部支流口。
6.根据权利要求5所述的支撑管,其特征是:进一步包括具有纵向孔的第二管状件处于并定位于第一管状件的支流口中,第二管状件的纵向孔与第一管状件的纵向孔流体连通。
7.一种制造支撑管的方法,包括以下步骤:
a)准备一张具有纵向轴和第一部分和第二部分的薄膜;
第一部分具有近端和末端以及第一直线边和第二直线边,第一部分的直线边与纵向轴平行,彼此远离有第一距离;
第二部分具有近端和末端以及第一直线边和第二直线边,第二部分的直线边与纵向轴平行,彼此远离有第二距离,第二距离比第一距离小,第二部分的近端与第一部分的末端连通;
b)将第一部分的第一直线边连接到第二直线边,将第二部分的第一直线边连接到第二直线边,形成具有纵向孔的第一管状件,第一部分的末端的一部分与第二部分的近端的一部分形成了侧部支流口。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征是进一步包括:
c)使具有纵向孔的第二管状件处于并定位于第一管状件的支流口中,第二管状件的纵向孔与第一管状件的纵向孔流体连通。
9.一种制造分流支撑管的方法,包括以下步骤:
a)准备一个具有近端和末端以及纵向孔的第一扩张管状件,该管状件有一支流口位于近端和末端之间,该支流口与该第一管状件的纵向孔连通,口的大小要适于接受、固定第二扩张管状件;
b)第一扩张管状件被分配到具有第一腔体和第二腔体的分流导管中,以便于第一扩张管状件布置在第一腔体中,支流口与第二腔体连通;
c)加宽支流口足以促进支流口与第二腔体对准;
d)第一扩张管状件扩张,足以将其固定在第一腔体;
e)准备好具有近端、末端和纵向孔的第二扩张管状件;
f)将第二扩张管状件分配到支流口中,以便于第二扩张管状件的末端置于第二腔体中,并且,第二扩张管状件的近端置于第一管状件的支流口中,第二扩张管状件的纵向孔连通第一管状件的纵向孔;
g)第二扩张管状件扩张足以将第二扩张管状件定位在第二腔体和第一扩张管状件的支流口中。
10.根据权利要求9的方法,其特征是:在c)步骤里,支流口被加宽,加宽量足以形成支流确定唇。
11.根据权利要求9的方法,其特征是:在g)步骤里,第二扩张管状件扩张管状件被加宽,加宽量足以形成支流确定唇。
12.一种制造分流支撑管的方法,包括以下步骤:
a)将第一导线置于分流导管的第一腔体,所述分流导管具有第一腔体和第二腔体;
b)将第二导线置于分流导管的第二腔体;
c)准备一个具有近端和末端以及纵向孔的第一扩张管状件,该管状件有一支流口位于近端和末端之间,该支流口与该第一管状件的纵向孔连通,口的大小要适于接受、固定第二扩张管状件;
d)把第一扩张管状件装配到第一气囊导管上;
e)把第一扩张管状件装配在第一导线上;
f)第一扩张管状件被分配到分流导管的第一腔体中,以便于第一扩张管状件布置在第一腔体中,支流口与第二腔体连通;
g)把第二气囊导管装配在第二导线上;
h)将第二气囊导管的气囊部分装到侧部支流口中;
i)第二气囊导管膨胀,加宽支流口足以促进支流口与第二腔体对准;
j)第一气囊导管膨胀,使第一扩张件扩张,足以使第一扩张件定位在第一腔体中;
k)第一和第二气囊导管放气缩小;
l)移走第二气囊导管;
m)准备好具有近端、末端和纵向孔的第二扩张管状件;
n)将第二扩张管状件装配到第二气囊导管上;
o)将第二扩张管状件分配到支流口中,以便于第二扩张管状件的末端置于第二腔体中,第二扩张管状件的近端置于第一管状件的支流口中,使第二管状件的纵向孔与第一管状件的纵向孔流体连通;
p)第一气囊导管膨胀;
q)第二气囊导管膨胀,使第二扩张管状件扩张地足以使第二扩张管状件定位于第二腔体和支流口中。
13.根据权利要求12的方法,其特征是:在i)步骤里,支流口被加宽,加宽量足以形成支流确定唇。
14.根据权利要求12的方法,其特征是:在q)步骤里,第二扩张管状件扩张管状件被加宽,足以形成支流确定唇。
15.根据权利要求12的方法,其特征是:第一气囊导管在第二气囊导管膨胀前膨胀,第一气囊导管膨胀直到第二扩张管状件被第二气囊导管定位在支流口中。
16.根据权利要求12的方法,其特征是:p)、q)步骤同时进行。
CN01121803A 2000-05-23 2001-05-22 具有改善侧部支流口的分流支撑管及其制造方法 Pending CN1324602A (zh)

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