CN1294807C - Hybrid eggplant breeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a breeding method of hybrid eggplant, which is characterized in that the black eggplant of Chengdu as a female parent and the local long purple eggplant of Yingqi as a male parent are adopted for hybridization, and then 'black and bright' long purple eggplant which is a new species of the eggplant and is suitable for protected cultivation is bred by systematic breeding. Compared with the prior art, the 'black and bright' long purple eggplant provided by the present invention has the characteristics that (1) the eggplant with strong plant growth vigor, cold resistance, heat resistance, disease resistance is suitable for the protected cultivation, and the eggplant can be both planted in a greenhouse in spring or cultivated in late autumn; (2) the eggplant with favorable performance of high yield and compact plants is suitable for thick planting, and the general yield of the eggplant per mu is 5000 kilograms, and the growth speed of fruits is fast; (3) the eggplant has good quality, namely that fruits are difficult to be ripe or aged, the atropurpureus pericarp of the eggplant is lasting and has bright light, and the fruits have compact pulp, sweet taste, storage resistance and transportation resistance.

Description

A kind of breeding method of hybridizing eggplant

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of vegetable variety, particularly relate to a kind of breeding method of hybridizing eggplant, belong to the breeding technique category in the agricultural production, suit when cultivating the special-purpose eggplant new varieties of protection ground cultivation, to adopt.

Background technology

Eggplant belongs to the fruits and vegetables class, and is nutritious, and it is delicious good to eat to contain higher protein, the main element of dimension and various trace elements, especially purple long eggplant, is northern area main vegetable variety summer and autumn.The development that improves constantly and produce with protecting along with living standards of the people; purple long eggplant has become the high-grade special vegetables of people's early spring and favor in late fall; but the original land race of purple long eggplant mix degenerate serious, yield poorly, poor quality; the needs of cultivation and consumer are to the requirement of quality with being difficult to protections such as adaptation booth, overlay film; therefore; seeking the purple long eggplant new varieties (or new combination) of precocious, of fine quality, high yield, strong stress resistance, is the task of top priority of eggplant breeding of new varieties work.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to overcome the prior art above shortcomings; improve by research; provide a kind of breeding method of novel hybridization eggplant; the eggplant new varieties of utilizing this breeding method to cultivate; characteristics with strong stress resistance, good quality and high output can be protected large tracts of land plantation in the ground in the north.

The breeding method of this hybridization eggplant that the present invention provides, the F2 that is two purple long eggplant intervarietal crosss is for choosing system.

The breeding method of this hybridization eggplant that the present invention provides is: be maternal with the Chengdumo eggplant; with local hawk seven purple long eggplants is that male parent is hybridized; again through systematic breeding; cultivate the eggplant new varieties that are fit to the cultivation of protection ground; name and be " 85-11 "; in the demonstration cultivation, because of its eggplant color of the leather purple black bright again, so not only this eggplant new varieties " 85-11 " are referred to as " deceive but also bright " purple long eggplant.

The breeding method of this hybridization eggplant that the present invention provides, its characteristics are to include following steps:

(1). the Chengdumo eggplant with introduction is a female parent, is that male parent is hybridized with local hawk seven purple long eggplants, draws crossbreed F1;

(2). with F1 for plantation after select good strains in the field for seed, selecting the strain that meets precocity, of fine quality, high yield, strong stress resistance breeding objective is 15 strains;

(3). the breeding objective according to precocious, of fine quality, high yield, strong stress resistance to the F3 selected plant is;

(4). continue F4 is selected according to the breeding objective of precocious, of fine quality, high yield, strong stress resistance, and carry out strain relatively with his father's female parent and improved seeds;

(5). the breeding objective according to precocious, of fine quality, high yield, strong stress resistance is selected F5;

(6) .F6 carries out regional test to selecting strain, finally cultivates the eggplant new varieties that are fit to the cultivation of protection ground, names to be " 85-11 ".

Compared with prior art, the present invention combines two parents' merit by selection cross, and its beneficial effect is:

One. strong stress resistance, cold-resistant, high temperature resistant, the high humidity environment that is fit to the cultivation of protection ground show disease-resistant, moisture-proof, cotton disease, brown line disease are had stronger resistance.

Two. yielding ability is strong, belongs to the mid-early maturity kind, and the plant growing way is strong, blade is dark green, degree of development is less, plant type is compact, growth is neat, the percentage of fertile fruit height, root eggplant percentage of fertile fruit 95%, 5 eggplants of can growing simultaneously, more than 40%, especially early yield is concentrated according to the kind volume increase in comparison.

Three. quality better, " black bright again " purple long eggplant pulp white, densification, flavor is sweet, seed is few, be of high nutritive value, especially the pericarp atropurpureus, glossyly be subjected to edible purple long eggplant to be accustomed to regional consumer's welcome deeply.

Description of drawings

The concrete breeding line spectrogram of the embodiment that accompanying drawing provides for the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing concrete technical scheme of the present invention and breeding process are described further:

As shown in drawings, the breeding method of this hybridization eggplant that the present invention provides includes

One. select parent and parent's source, feature, characteristic

Maternal Chengdumo eggplant is to be introduced by vegetables Lay flowers institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences product money chamber nineteen eighty-two, late-maturing in the plantation performance of this locality, plant height, compactness, 1.3 meters of plant heights, 40 centimetres of degree of development, heat resistanceheat resistant, waterlogging, the long excellent type of fruit, the top point is crooked slightly, fruit is long 50～70 centimetres, 6～7 centimetres of transverse diameters, pericarp deceive purple, glossy, the fruit seed is few, meat is soft, quality is better, fruit growth is very fast, fruit is individual greatly, yielding ability is good.Shortcoming be late-maturing, plant is tall and big, easily the lodging and easy infection cotton disease, brown line disease etc.

Male parent hawk seven purple long eggplants are this area main breeds, are early-maturing variety, 70 centimetres of plant heights, and degree of development is bigger, and growth potential is stronger, and fruit is the goat's horn type, long 30 centimetres, thick about 6 centimetres of fruit, it is fine and close in purple, the fruit that pericarp is, and seed is more, and disease resistance is strong.Shortcoming is that the pericarp look dark, and untimely harvesting is easily aging, the fruit tarnish that takes on a red color during high temperature.

Two. preparing hybrid kind " 85-11 "

With the Chengdumo eggplant is maternal, is that male parent is castrated bagging hybridization with hawk seven purple long eggplants, and plants out first-filial generation F1.F1 shows as two parents' osculant, and very high output is arranged, but fruit colour is not subjected to the welcome of Market Consumer.Subsequently Zhong Zhi F2 generation, performance seriously separates, and occurs very big-difference between plant, comprehensive proterties is as required therefrom selected 15 strain systems and is carried out the plant plantation, and wherein No. 11 strains are that various The Characters are good, be better than other strain system and father and mother originally, and performance growth basically identical.Select elite plant strain to carry out the strain contrast later on again, and demonstration cultivation in canopy, show precocity, high yield, disease-resistant, quality better in the booth early spring.For plantation, various proterties are basicly stable, name the new lines into " 85-11 " to F5-F6 for warp again, and are purple black bright again because of its eggplant color of the leather in the demonstration cultivation, are " deceiving bright again " purple long eggplant so have another name called.

The feature of " black bright again " purple long eggplant is

(1). the plant growing way is stronger, cold-resistant, heat resistanceheat resistant, disease-resistant, be fit to the cultivation of protection ground, both can be at the spring greenhouse gardening, suitable again cultivation in late fall.

(2). high yield characteristic is good, the plant compactness, is fit to 5000 kilograms of dense planting, general per mu yields, and fruit growth speed is fast.

(3). quality better, fruit are difficult for ripe aging, the purple black light and lasting that has of pericarp, pulp densification, sweet, the storage tolerance of flavor.

" black bright again " purple long eggplant and check variety comparative result are as follows

Time	Planting type	Kind	Early yield		Gross yield		Economic benefit
									Mu/kg is than CK ± %		Mu/kg is than CK ± %		Mu/unit is than CK ± %
			1 9 8 7	The spring booth	Black bright again	3150	20	5267							40.4	9736	47.1
Hawk seven purple long eggplants	2623	3750							6615
					1 9 8 8	The autumn booth		Black bright again				4800	71	3788		97
Olecranon Gai County, Gai County hawk		2800 2800	1915 1915

Claims (1)

1. a breeding method of hybridizing eggplant is characterized in that with the Chengdumo eggplant being maternal, is that male parent is hybridized with local hawk seven purple long eggplants, again through systematic breeding, cultivates the eggplant new varieties that are fit to the cultivation of protection ground, includes following steps:

(1). the Chengdumo eggplant with introduction is a female parent, is that male parent is hybridized with local hawk seven purple long eggplants, draws crossbreed F1;

(2). with F1 for plantation after select good strains in the field for seed, selecting the strain that meets precocity, of fine quality, high yield, strong stress resistance breeding objective is 15 strains;

(3). the breeding objective according to precocious, of fine quality, high yield, strong stress resistance to the F3 selected plant is;

(4). continue F4 is selected according to the breeding objective of precocious, of fine quality, high yield, strong stress resistance, and carry out strain relatively with his father's female parent and improved seeds;

(5). the breeding objective according to precocious, of fine quality, high yield, strong stress resistance is selected F5;

(6) .F6 carries out regional test to selecting strain, finally cultivates the eggplant new varieties that are fit to the cultivation of protection ground, names to be " 85-11 ".