CN1293740C - 视频消息传送 - Google Patents

视频消息传送 Download PDF

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CN1293740C
CN1293740C CNB018147232A CN01814723A CN1293740C CN 1293740 C CN1293740 C CN 1293740C CN B018147232 A CNB018147232 A CN B018147232A CN 01814723 A CN01814723 A CN 01814723A CN 1293740 C CN1293740 C CN 1293740C
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video
instant message
transmit leg
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CN1449620A (zh
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尼欧·安尼特
维尼·派卡德
哈瑞·W·墨瑞斯
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Abstract

在通信系统用户间传输电子数据的系统和技术，电子数据的传输，是通过在即时消息传送主机上，接收发送方发来并指定接收方的视频文件、验证该视频文件和把该视频文件发送至指定接收方。

Description

视频消息传送
技术领域
本发明一般涉及在通信系统的用户间传输电子数据，更具体说，是在即时消息传送主机的用户间，传输视频即时消息。
背景技术
联机服务提供商，通过提供新的服务和升级现有的服务，增强他们的用户的联机体验。用户可以立即接入新闻的、天气的、财经的、体育的、和娱乐的服务，还具有发送电子消息和参与联机讨论小组的能力。例如，联机服务提供商如America online或CompuServe的用户，可以从全球各处的服务器看到和检索题目广泛的信息。服务器可以由服务提供商或第三方提供商保持，该第三方提供商编辑的信息和提供的服务，可供世界范围组成联机服务的各计算机使用。
America online已经向用户提供发送和接收即时消息的能力。即时消息是两个或更多预订即时消息传送服务并已安装必要软件的人之间的私人联机通话。因为该种联机通话实际上是实时发生的，所以即时消息传送能对需要的信息提供立即接入。即时消息传送正在成为联机用户间优先选取的通信手段。
发明内容
从一般的方面说，通信系统用户间的电子数据，是凭借发送方和至少一个接收方之间通过即时消息传送主机，启动即时消息传送通信而传输的。另外，发送方和接收方之间，通过即时消息传送主机，还可以实现视频通信。
实施例包括一个或多个如下特征。举例说，实施例可以包括：在即时消息传送主机上，接收和验证来自发送方的文本即时消息；确定接收方的能力；报告接收方的能力；从发送方和/或接收方接收建立视频通信的请求；和/或验证该请求。验证可以包括识别发送方和/或接收方的屏幕名字和/或IP地址。确定接收方的能力可以包括识别与接收方有关的硬件和软件。可以根据接收方的能力来显示用户接口。
通过在发送方与接收方之间建立通用信令接口信道、控制信道、和音频信道，能实现视频通信。控制信道可以包括TCP/IP套接字。音频信道可以包括UDP或TCP信道。
上述的和其他的一般方面，可以通过某种设备和/或存储在计算机可读媒体上的计算机程序来实现。计算机可读媒体可以包括磁盘、客户装置、主机装置、和/或传输的信号。
下面包括附图的说明和权利要求书，清楚表明本发明的其他特征和优点。
附图说明
图1是通信系统的方框图。
图2-5是图1通信系统扩充方面的方框图。
图6是可以由图1-5的通信系统实现的通信方法流程图。
图7-13画出可以由图1-5通信系统提供的各种图形用户接口。
具体实施方式
为了说明，图1-5画出用于传输客户与主机之间电子数据的通信系统的各个方面。为简单起见，图上用单一实体表示若干个单元。但是，这些单元可以代表许多互连的计算机系统和/或部件。可以用一种寻址方案，例如统一资源定位器(“URL”)来定义该通信系统每一单元和/或部件的位置和类型。
“客户”和“主机”两词，一般是指作为数据请求者(客户)或数据提供商(主机)的角色。例如，客户请求的数据，可以直接地或间接地从主机，经过网络，最后传输至客户。但是，通信系统各单元也可以在一次事务处理中请求数据，又在另一次事务处理中提供数据，因而具有双重和/或变化的角色。
现在参考图1，通信系统100能在客户系统105与主机系统110之间，通过通信链路115传递并交换数据。客户系统105可以包括一个或多个客户装置120和/或客户控制器125，而主机系统110可以包括一个或多个主机装置135和/或主机控制器140。例如，客户系统105或主机系统110可以包括一个或多个通用计算机(如个人计算机)、一个或多个专用计算机(如专门编程的装置，用于彼此通信和/或与客户系统105或主机系统110通信)、或一个或多个通用计算机与一个或多个专用计算机的组合。可以安排客户系统105和主机系统110在一个或多个其他系统内工作，或与一个或多个其他系统协调工作，该一个或多个其他系统例如是一个或多个局域网(“LAN”)和/或一个或多个广域网(“WAN”)。客户装置120、客户控制器125、主机装置135、和主机控制器140的每一个，都可以包括一种或多种硬件部件和/或软件部件。
一般说，某一装置(如客户装置120和/或主机装置135)在某一控制器(如客户控制器125和/或主机控制器140)的命令下执行指令，并且通过能传递数据的有线和/或无线数据通路(如通路130和/或通路145)，与该控制器连接。一种装置(如客户装置120和/或主机装置135)的例子是，能按规定方式响应指令并执行指令的通用计算机(如个人计算机、服务器)。别的例子包括专用计算机、工作站、部件、其他物理的或虚拟的装备和/或它们能响应指令并执行指令的组合，和/或它们能进行对等通信的组合。
控制器(如客户控制器125和/或主机控制器140)的例子如，用于命令和指挥通信的软件应用程序。其他例子包括：用于独立地或集体地指令某一装置(如客户装置120和/或主机装置135)按说明反应和工作的程序、一段代码、指令、计算机、计算机系统、和/或它们的组合。控制器(如客户控制器125和/或主机控制器140)，可以永久地或临时地被实施于任何类型的机器中、部件中、物理的或虚拟的装备中、存储媒体中、或能向装置(如客户装置和/或主机装置135)提供指令的传播信号中。
通信链路115可以包括传递网络160，用于把客户系统105和主机系统110直接地或间接地连接，而不论其物理距离。传递网络160可以包括一个或多个互连的网络，例如互连网、万维网(“Web”)、WAN、LAN、模拟的和/或数字的有线的或无线的电话网(如PSTN、ISDN及xDSL)、无线电网、电视网、电缆网、卫星网、和/或任何载运数据的其他传递机构。传递网络160还可以包括若干中间的和/或路由的装置，例如代理服务器、网桥、和路由器。通信链路115可以包括一个或多个能通过传递网络160通信的通信通路(如通路150和/或通路155)。每一通信通路(如通路150和/或通路155)可以包括，例如有线的、无线的、电缆的、或卫星的通信通路。
图2画出的通信系统200，包括经通信链路215与主机系统210通信的客户系统205。客户系统205可以包括一个或多个客户装置220及控制客户装置220的一个或多个客户控制器225。主机系统210可以包括一个或多个主机装置235及控制主机装置235的一个或多个主机控制器240。通信链路215可以包括能通过一个或多个传递网络260通信的通信通路250、255。
图2通信系统内每一单元的例子，已经在上面参照图1作了广泛的说明。特别要指出，主机系统210与通信链路215可以具有图1中主机系统110及通信链路115说明的那些属性类似的属性。同样，图2的客户系统205可以具有与图1中客户系统105类似的属性，图2的客户系统205还表明图1客户系统105的一种可能的实施例。
在一个实施例中，客户装置220包括通用计算机270和一个或多个应用程序，该通用计算机具有内部的或外部的存储器272，用于存储数据以及像操作系统274(例如DOS、WindowsTM、Windows 95TM、Windows 98TM、Windows 2000TM、Windows MeTM、Windows XPTM、Windows NTTM、OS/2、或Linux)等程序。应用程序的例子包括：能产生文件或其他电子内容的编辑应用程序276(如字处理、数据库程序、电子数据表程序、或图形程序)；能与其他计算机用户通信、接入各种计算机资源、以及观看、创建、或其他处理电子内容的客户应用程序278(如AOL客户、CompuServe客户、AIM客户、AOL TV客户、或ISP客户)；以及能转达互连网内容的浏览器应用程序280(如Netscape的Navigator、Microsoft的互连网浏览器、Java的微浏览器)。
通用计算机270还包括响应来自客户控制器225的命令而执行指令的中央处理单元282(“CPU”)。客户控制器225可以包括一个或多个安装在通用计算机270内部或外部存储器272上的应用程序。客户控制器225还可以包括一个或多个通用计算机270外部装置存储并执行的外部应用程序。
通用计算机270包括发送和接收数据的通信装置284。通信装置284的一个例子是调制解调器。其他例子包括能经有线或无线数据通路250，在通信链路215上发送并接收数据的收发信机、顶机盒、通信卡、卫星抛物面天线、天线、或另一种网络适配器。通用计算机270还可以包括电视(“TV”)调谐器286，用于按广播接收的形式、卫星传输的形式、和/或电缆信号的形式，接收TV节目。因此，客户装置220能够有选择地和/或同时地显示经通信装置284接收的网络内容，及经TV调谐器286接收的电视节目内容。
通用计算机270还包括输入/输出接口288，以便与各种外围装置290进行有线或无线的连接。外围装置290的例子包括，但不限于，鼠标291、移动电话292、个人数字助手293(“PDA”)、MP3播放器(未画出)、键盘294、带或不带触摸屏输入的显示监控器295、用于从和向用户接收和转达信息的TV遥控器296、以及视听输入装置298(如Web cam(网络摄像机)、摄像机、微音器、扬声器)。
虽然图2画出的装置，如移动电话292、PDA 293、MP3播放器(未画出)、和TV遥控器296等装置，都作为通用计算机270的外围，但在另一个实施例中，这些装置本身可以包括通用计算机270的功能，并作为客户装置220而工作。例如，移动电话292或PDA 293可以包括计算和连网能力，还通过接入传递网260并与主机系统210通信而起客户装置220的作用。此外，客户系统205可以包括一个、一些、或全部上述部件和装置。
现在参考图3，通信系统300能通过通信链路315，在客户系统305与主机系统310之间传递和交换信息。客户系统305可以包括一个或多个客户装置320及一个或多个控制客户装置320的客户控制器325。主机系统310可以包括一个或多个主机装置335及一个或多个控制主机装置335的主机控制器340。通信链路315可以包括能通过一个或多个传递网络360通信的通信通路350、355。
图3通信系统内每一单元的例子，已经在上面参照图1和图2作了广泛的说明。特别要指出，客户系统305与通信链路315可以具有图1和图2中客户系统105和205及通信链路115和215说明的那些属性类似的属性。同样，图3的主机系统310可以具有与图1和图2的主机系统110和210类似的属性，图3的主机系统310还表明图1和图2主机系统110和210的一种可能的实施例。
主机系统310包括主机装置335和主机控制器340。主机控制器340一般能把指令发送至主机装置335的任一个或全部单元。例如，在一个实施例中，主机控制器340包括一个或多个装入主机装置335上的软件应用程序。在其他的实施例中，如上所述，主机控制器340可以包括任何独立地或集体地控制主机装置335的若干其他程序、机器、和装置。
主机装置335包括登录服务器370，供用户接入和在客户系统305与主机装置335其他单元间路由通信。主机装置335还包括各种主机复合体，如提到过的OSP(“Online Service Provider(在线服务提供商)”)主机复合体380和IM(“Instant Messaging(即时消息传送)”)主机复合体390。为了能让用户接入这些主机复合体，客户系统305包括通信软件，如OSP客户应用程序和IM客户应用程序。OSP和IM通信软件应用程序的设计，是为方便用户与相应的服务交互作用，特别是向相应主机复合体内所有可用的服务提供接入。
OSP主机复合体380通常支持各种不同的服务，如电子邮件、讨论小组、交谈、新闻服务、和互连网接入。一般OSP主机复合体380结构的设计，要使OSP主机复合体380内的机器能彼此通信并采用确定的协议(即标准的、格式的、常规的、规则的、和结构的)来传输数据。协议的例子包括，但不限于，超文本传输协议(“HTTP”)、用户数据报协议(“UDP”)、和/或第2层虚拟通道协议(“L2TP”)。OSP主机复合体380还可以采用一个或多个专有的OSP协议和顾客拨号引擎，以便能通过选择客户应用程序而接入。OSP主机复合体380可以根据基础协议，为每一种服务规定一个或多个专用协议。
IM主机复合体390可以独立于OSP主机复合体380之外，或者包含在OSP主机复合体380之中。IM主机复合体390可以为OSP用户，也为其他网络用户支持即时消息传送服务。因此，IM主机复合体390可以不问IM用户的互连网服务提供商而启动即时消息传送。IM主机复合体390还可以支持相关的服务，如与即时消息传送有关的管理支持、广告、目录查询服务、交谈、及兴趣小组。IM主机复合体390具有能使IM主机复合体390内所有机器彼此通信的结构。IM主机复合体390可以采用一个或多个标准的和/或专有的协议来传输数据。
主机装置335可以包括连接并链接各复合体(如OSP主机复合体380和IM主机复合体390)的一个或多个网关(如OSP主机复合体网关385和/或IM主机复合体网关395)。该类网关可以直接或间接通过有线和/或无线通路与主机复合体链接。一般情形下，当用网关(如OSP主机复合体网关385和/或IM主机复合体网关395)来促进复合体之间的链接时，网关应了解目的地复合体预先设定的协议类型的信息，因为伴随着数据从一个复合体传输到另一个复合体，网关要进行必要的协议转换。例如，OSP主机复合体380和IM主机复合体390可能使用不同的协议，所以复合体之间传输的数据，需要由网关(如OSP主机复合体网关385和/或IM主机复合体网关395)或在网关的请求下进行协议转换。
现在参考图4，通信系统400能通过通信链路415，在客户系统405和主机系统410之间传递和交换信息。客户系统405可以包括一个或多个客户装置420及一个或多个控制客户装置420的客户控制器425。主机系统410可以包括一个或多个主机装置435及一个或多个控制主机装置435的主机控制器440。通信链路415可以包括能通过一个或多个传递网络460通信的通信通路450、455。如图所示，客户系统405可以通过主机系统410接入互连网465。
图4通信系统内每一单元的例子，已经在上面参照图1-3作了广泛的说明。特别要指出，客户系统405与通信链路415可以具有图1-3中客户系统105、205、和305及通信链路115、215、和315说明的那些属性类似的属性。同样，图4的主机系统410可以具有与图1-3的主机系统110、210、和310类似的属性，图4的主机系统410还表明图1-3主机系统110、210、和310的一种可能的实施例。图4说明的主机系统410，基本侧重于OSP主机复合体480的一个特定实施例方面。
客户系统405包括客户装置420和客户控制器425。客户控制器425一般能建立与主机系统410，包括OSP主机复合体480、IM主机复合体490、和/或互连网465的连接。在一个实施例中，客户控制器425还可以包括应用程序，如IM客户应用程序、和/或互连网浏览器应用程序，以便与IM主机复合体490及互连网465通信。
主机系统410包括主机装置435和主机控制器440。一般说来，主机控制器440能向主机装置435的任一个或所有单元发送指令。例如，在一个实施例中，主机控制器440包括一个或多个装入主机装置435一个或多个单元上的软件应用程序。在其他的实施例中，如上所述，主机控制器440可以包括任何独立地或集体地控制主机装置435的若干其他程序、机器、和装置。
主机系统410包括登录服务器470，该登录服务器470能与包括OSP主机复合体480和IM主机复合体490的主机系统410各单元通信，并能由客户系统405授权，接入包括OSP主机复合体480和IM主机复合体490的主机系统410各单元。登录服务器470可以实施一个或多个特许过程，以便能同时接入OSP主机复合体480和IM主机复合体490。OSP主机复合体480，通过一个或多个OSP主机复合体480网关485和一个或多个IM主机复合体490网关495，与IM主机复合体490连接。每一OSP主机复合体网关485和IM主机复合体网关495，可以执行能使OSP主机复合体480、IM主机复合体490，与互连网465之间通信所必需的任何协议转换。
OSP主机复合体480支持在本OSP主机复合体480内部和在本OSP主机复合体480外部的一个或多个服务器提供的一组服务。OSP主机复合体480外部的服务器一般可视作互连网465上已有的服务器。OSP主机复合体480内部的服务器可以按一种或多种配置排列。例如，可以把服务器排列成集中群或局部群，便于在OSP主机复合体480内部分配服务器和用户。
在图4的一个实施例中，OSP主机复合体480包括路由处理器4802。一般说，路由处理器4802将考察数据请求的地址字段，用映射表确定该数据请求的适当目的地，最后把数据请求引导至适当的目的地。在基于分组的实施例中，客户系统405可以产生信息请求，把该请求转换成数据分组，把数据分组排序，执行错误检验和其他分组交换技术，最后把该数据分组发送至路由处理器4802。在从客户系统405收到数据分组时，路由处理器4802可以直接或间接地把数据分组路由至OSP主机复合体480内部或外部的指定目的地。例如，能够确信客户系统405发来的数据请求是在本机上的情况下，路由处理器4802可以引导该数据请求到达本机服务器4804。不能确信客户系统405发来的数据请求是在本机上的情况下，路由处理器4802可以通过网关485，向外引导该数据请求到达互连网465或IM主机复合体490。
OSP主机复合体480还包括代理服务器4806，用于引导数据请求，和/或另外有助于客户系统405与互连网465的通信。代理服务器4806可以包括IP(“Internet Protocol(互连网协议)”)虚拟通道，用于把数据从OSP协议转换为标准的互连网协议，并把数据发送至互连网465。IP虚拟通道还把从互连网465接收的标准互连网协议数据，转换回OSP协议数据，并把已转换的数据发送至路由处理器4802，以便传送回客户系统405。
代理服务器4806还能让客户系统405使用标准互连网协议并格式化，以便接入OSP主机复合体480和互连网465。例如，用户可以使用OSP TV客户应用程序，就是安装在客户系统405上的嵌入浏览器应用程序，来产生标准互连网协议的请求，诸如HTTP。在基于分组的实施例中，数据分组可以封装在标准互连网虚拟通道协议内，如UDP内，并路由至代理服务器4806。代理服务器4806还可以包括L2TP虚拟通道，该通道能建立与客户系统405的点到点协议(“PPP”)会话。
代理服务器4806还可以用作客户系统405与互连网465之间的缓存器，从而可以实施内容滤波和时间节省技术。例如，代理服务器4806能够检验客户系统405的父本控制设置，并按该父本控制设置，请求及发送互连网的内容。此外，代理服务器4806可以包括一个或多个高速缓存，以存储经常接入的信息。如果确定，请求的数据存储在该高速缓存中，那么，代理服务器4806可以从高速缓存把信息发送至客户系统405，从而避免必须接入互连网465。
现在参考图5，通信系统500能通过通信链路515，在客户系统505与主机系统510之间传递和交换信息。客户系统505可以包括一个或多个客户装置520及一个或多个控制客户装置520的客户控制器525。主机系统510可以包括一个或多个主机装置535及一个或多个控制主机装置535的主机控制器540。通信链路515可以包括能通过一个或多个传递网络560通信的通信通路550、555。如图所示，客户系统505可以通过主机系统510接入互连网565。
图5通信系统内每一单元的例子，已经在上面参照图1-4作了广泛的说明。特别要指出，客户系统505与通信链路515，可以具有图1-4中客户系统105、205、305、和405及通信链路115、215、315、和415说明的那些属性类似的属性。同样，图5的主机系统510可以具有与图1-4的主机系统110、210、310、和410类似的属性，图5的主机系统510还表明图1-4主机系统110、210、310、和410的一种可能的实施例。图5说明的主机系统510，基本侧重于IM主机复合体590的一个特定实施例方面。
客户系统505包括客户装置520和客户控制器525。一般说，客户控制器525能建立与主机系统510，包括OSP主机复合体580、IM主机复合体590、和/或互连网565的连接。在一个实施例中，客户控制器525包括IM应用程序，以便利用专用(即专有的)的IM协议，与IM主机复合体590中的服务器通信。客户控制器525还可以包括诸如OSP客户应用程序、和/或互连网浏览器应用程序，以便分别与OSP主机复合体580及互连网565通信。
主机系统510包括主机装置535和主机控制器540。一般说来，主机控制器540能向主机装置535的任一个或所有单元发送指令。例如，在一个实施例中，主机控制器540包括一个或多个装入主机装置535一个或多个单元上的软件应用程序。但在其他的实施例中，如上所述，主机控制器540可以包括任何独立地或集体地控制主机装置535的若干其他程序、机器、和装置。
主机系统510包括登录服务器570，该登录服务器570，能与包括OSP主机复合体580和IM主机复合体590的主机系统510各单元通信，并能由客户系统505授权，接入包括OSP主机复合体580和IM主机复合体590的主机系统510各单元。登录服务器570可以实施一个或多个特许过程，以便能同时接入OSP主机复合体580和IM主机复合体590。OSP主机复合体580，通过一个或多个OSP主机复合体580网关585和一个或多个IM主机复合体590网关595，与IM主机复合体590连接。每一OSP主机复合体网关585和IM主机复合体网关595，可以执行能使OSP主机复合体580、IM主机复合体590、和/或互连网565之间通信所必需的任何协议转换。
在一个实施例中，要开始即时消息传送会话，客户系统505需接入IM主机复合体590并建立与登录服务器570的连接。登录服务器570通过验证用户标识和口令，确定该特定用户是否被授权接入IM主机复合体590。如果该用户已授权接入IM主机复合体590，则登录服务器570在用户屏幕名字上采用散列技术，以识别特定的IM服务器5902，供用户会话时使用。登录服务器570向客户系统505提供该特定IM服务器5902的IP地址，把加密密钥(即某某人)给予客户系统505，然后断开连接。客户系统505于是利用该IP地址，通过通信链路515，建立与特定IM服务器5902的连接，并用该加密密钥获准接入该IM服务器5902。客户系统505可以装备Winsock应用程序编程接口(“API”)，该编程接口能使客户系统505建立与IM服务器5902连接的开放传输控制协议(“TCP”)。
一旦建立了与IM服务器5902的连接，客户系统505可以直接或间接向IM服务器5902和一个或多个有关的域服务器5904发送数据，并接入来自该IM服务器5902和一个或多个有关的域服务器5904的内容。IM服务器5902支持基本的即时消息传送服务，而域服务器5904可以支持有关服务，如管理事务、目录查询服务、交谈、及兴趣小组。一般说，域服务器5904的用途，是通过对IM主机复合体590内的某些服务承担责任，减轻IM服务器5902的负担。用户通过接入IM服务器5902和/或域服务器5904，能够使用IM客户应用程序来观看是否有特定用户(“伙伴们”)联机；与特定用户交换即时消息；参加小组交谈室；交换如图片、邀请、或文档等文件；寻找有相同兴趣的其他用户；获取定制新闻及股票报价；以及搜索万维网。
在图5的实施例中，IM服务器5902直接或间接与路由网关5906连接。路由网关5906，例如通过充当若干IM服务器5902与若干提示MUX(“MUX”)5908连接的链路最小化工具或集线器，有助于IM服务器5902与一个或多个提示MUX 5908之间的连接。一般说，提示MUX 5908维持提示记录及已注册接收提示的用户。
客户系统505一旦与提示MUX 5908连接，用户能够注册和/或接收一种或多种提示。通过在IM服务器5902上采用另一种散列技术，来识别供用户会话使用的特定提示MUX 5908，可以确定客户系统505与提示MUX 5908之间的连接路径。一旦已经识别特定的提示MUX5908，IM服务器5902向客户系统505提供该特定提示MUX 5908的IP地址，并把加密密钥(即某某人)给予客户系统505。然后，客户系统505利用该IP地址，通过通信链路515与该特定提示MUX 5908连接，并用该加密密钥获准接入该提示MUX 5908。
提示MUX 5908与提示门5910连接，该门类似于IM主机复合体网关595，能执行必要的协议转换，形成通向OSP主机复合体580的网桥。提示门5910是IM主机复合体590与诸如OSP主机复合体580的服务器等物理服务器之间的接口，而状态变化正出现在物理服务器上。一般说，IM主机复合体590要收集并使用有关状态变化的信息。但是，例如，提示MUX 5908也可以通过IM主机复合体网关595与OSP主机复合体580通信，向服务器和OSP主机复合体580的用户提供某些从提示门5910收集的信息。
提示门5910能检测与特定类型提示对应的提示馈送。提示门5910可以包括一段代码(即提示接收码)，该代码能与另一段代码(即提示广播码)，在发生状态变化的物理服务器上交互作用。一般说，安装在提示门5910上的提示接收码，指令安装在物理服务器上的提示广播码，在出现特定状态变化时，向提示门5910发出馈送。在检测到该馈送时，提示门5910与提示MUX 5908接触，后者接着把该检测的馈送通知客户系统505。
在图5的实施例中，IM主机复合体590还包括用户资料服务器5912，与存储大量用户资料数据的数据库连接。可以用该用户资料服务器5912对用户资料数据进行输入、检索、编辑、操作、或其他的处理。在一个实施例中，用户资料数据例如包括：用户伙伴表、提示偏爱、已指定的股票、已识别的兴趣、及地理位置。用户可以用安装在客户系统505上的IM用户应用程序，与用户资料服务器5912交互作用，对资料数据进行输入、编辑、和/或删除。
因为用户数据存储在IM主机复合体590中，用户如果用新的和/或不同的客户系统505接入IM主机复合体590，则该用户不必再输入或更新该种信息。因此，当用户接入IM主机复合体590时，IM服务器5902能指令用户资料服务器5912，从数据库5914检索用户资料数据，并向IM服务器5902提供例如该用户的伙伴表和向提示MUX 5908提供该用户的提示偏爱。用户资料服务器5912还可以与OSP主机复合体580中的其他服务器通信，与其他服务共享用户资料数据。另外，可以在客户装置505的本机上保存用户资料数据。
现在参考图6，发送方602a、接收方602b、和主机604，按照过程600传输数据。过程600可以用任何适当类型的硬件(如装置、计算机、计算机系统、设备、部件)、软件(如程序、应用程序、指令、代码)、存储媒体(如磁盘、外部存储器、内部存储器、传播的信号)、或它们的组合实施。
图6各单元的例子在上述图1-5中已广泛说明。特别要指出，发送方602a和接收方602b可以具有客户装置120、220、320、420、和520和/或客户控制器125、225、325、425、和525说明的那些属性类似的属性。主机604可以具有主机装置135、235、335、435、和535和/或主机控制器140、240、340、440、和540说明的那些属性类似的属性。发送方602a、接收方602b、和/或主机604可以直接或间接地通过已知的或已说明的传送网络互连。
在一个实施例中，发送方602a与第一用户有关，而接收方602b与第二用户有关，且发送方602a和接收方602b中每一个都包括客户应用程序，用于接入主机604。每一用户可以使用该客户应用程序来设置各自的偏爱，以便能让消息和/或文件向和从其他用户传输。通常向用户显示图形用户接口(“UI”)，让每一用户在各种安全级别和/或准许(或拒绝)其他用户接入之间选择。用户的传输偏爱可以保持在客户的本机上或在远程的主机604上。在本例中，该传输偏爱被设定为允许消息和文件在发送方602a和接收方602b之间传输。
为了使用即时消息传送通信，发送方602a和接收方602b必须同时接入主机604。要接入主机604，发送方602a和接收方602b各向主机604分开发送请求。该请求用唯一的屏幕名字向主机604及其他用户标识有关的用户。主机604对照存储在用户数据库的数据，验证用户的信息(如屏幕名字和口令)。如果用户信息已被验证，主机604便授权接入。如果用户信息不通过验证，主机604便拒绝接入并发出错误消息。
在授权之后，发送方602a和接收方602b能够在已建立的通过主机604的直接(即套接字)连接上通信。发送方602a和接收方602b使用该连接与主机及彼此通信。在发送方602a和接收方602b接入主机604的时间内，该连接保持打开。发送方602a和接收方602b各自可以包括Winsock API，用于打开并建立与主机604的TCP连接。
在接入主机604时，向接入的用户显示“伙伴表”。一般说，用户伙伴表是用户接口，其上列出某些屏幕名字，即用户认识的“伙伴们”的联机状态和能力。特别指出，主机604通知发送方，用户认识的伙伴们是否联机，即是否当前正接入主机604。主机604还把该发送方当前正在联机，通知作为伙伴而认识该发送方的任何用户。伙伴表还有利于用户间用即时消息传送通信。用户简单地点击伙伴表上某一伙伴的屏幕名字，就能激活预先编址至某一伙伴的即时消息传送消息用户接口。如果接收方不是“伙伴”，第一用户必须激活一空白的即时消息传送用户接口，然后在接口上写入该指定接收方的屏幕名字。如有必要，用户能够用指定接收方的电子邮件地址，查阅该指定接收方的屏幕名字。除了与联机伙伴交换即时消息传送外，发送方可以参加小组交谈室、找出兴趣相同的其他用户、获取定制新闻及股票报价、搜索万维网、以及向和从其他用户传输文件。
视频消息传送(即能收发视频即时消息传送)还扩大即时消息传送功能，能让发送方602a与接收方602b用视频即摄像机、微音器、和扬声器，进行对等层通信。在图6的实施例中，发送方602a、接收方602b、和主机604，按照过程600交互作用，发送并接收视频消息(即视频即时消息)。
开始，发送方602a接入主机604(步骤606)。在一个实施例中，发送方602a是一用户和/或一客户(如客户系统505)，而主机604包括一个或多个主机复合体(如OSP主机复合体580和/或IM主机复合体590)，以便提供即时消息传送能力和协调用户间电子数据的传输。发送方602a可以用任何可用装置(如计算机、PC、便携电脑、仪器、寻呼机、PDA、交互式TV、电话)和/或控制器(如软件程序、客户应用程序、浏览器应用程序)接入主机604。
发送方602a至少指定一个接收方602b来接收即时消息(步骤608)、产生即时消息(步骤610)、并在其后把该即时消息发送至主机(步骤612)。该即时消息可以是，例如发送方602a创建的文本即时消息或其他非视频即时消息(如话音消息)。接收方602b可以是一用户和/或一客户(如客户系统505)，能用装置(如计算机、PC、便携电脑、仪器、寻呼机、PDA、交互式TV、电话)和/或控制器(如软件程序、客户应用程序、浏览器应用程序)接入主机604。在一个实施例中，与指定接收方602b有关的屏幕名字已被识别为发送方602a的“伙伴”，并向发送方602a显示UI(如伙伴表)，表明该接收方602b的联机状态及能力。据此，发送方602a能确认接收方能够通信(即已联机)，然后通过选择(如点击)与接收方602b相关的屏幕名字，打开一IM框。在编写即时消息并点击发送按钮之后，发送方602a把该即时消息发送至主机604(步骤612)。
主机604从发送方602a接收即时消息(步骤614)，然后验证该即时消息(步骤616)。在一个实施例中，即时消息包括标识消息类型的标题信息、发送方602a和接收方602b的屏幕名字和/或IP地址、以及随机产生的安全号码。主机604上的服务器(如IM服务器5902)，通过把该屏幕名字和/或IP地址，与存储在逆向查阅表中那些有效的用户对照，验证该即时消息。在发送方602a或接收方602b二者之一与有效的用户无关的情况下，主机604报告错误消息。
在验证即时消息(步骤616)之后，主机604检测接收方的能力(步骤618)，并向发送方602a报告接收方602b的能力(步骤620)。在一个实施例中，主机604上的服务器网络(如IM服务器5902)实时监控并更新联机状态、客户版本、连接用户的装置类型。使用视频消息传送(即接收视频即时消息)的能力，依赖于诸如用户硬件(装置类型)、软件(客户版本)、和/或传输偏爱(如封锁屏幕名字)等因素。一般说，要能进行视频传送，则发送方602a和接收方602b必须有可用的必要的软件(如能收发视频的IM客户应用程序)和视频设备(如视听输入装置298)。
其次，发送方602a从主机604接收报告(步骤622)，并显示与发送方602a和/或接收方602b能力对应的UI(步骤624)。一般说，如果发送方602a(如客户系统505)不能收发视频，则发送方602a显示标准的即时消息传送UI。如果发送方602a(如客户系统505)能收发视频，则发送方602a显示能收发视频的UI。在示于图7的一个实施例中，视频消息传送伙伴表UI 700，包括伙伴表702及视频消息按钮704，当点击视频消息按钮时，指令主机604请求视频消息连接。UI 700还可以包括与发送方602a和/或接收方602b附加能力(如话音IM)对应的其他按钮(未画出)。
在示于图8的另一个实施例中，开始视频消息UI 800包括：用于显示IM会话运行的文字记录的IM窗805；用于键入即时消息的文本消息区810；用于改变文本或背景颜色、改变文本大小、强调文本(如粗体、意大利体、或下画线)、和插入对象(如可动图标、超链接、图像)的工具栏。开始视频消息UI 800还包括用于执行如发送即时消息、取消即时消息或IM会话、获得发送方资料、及把冒犯行为通知OSP等IM功能的IM按钮814。此外，开始视频消息UI 800包括通告816，以及点击时指令主机604请求视频消息连接的开始VM(视频消息)按钮818。
在向发送方602a报告接收方602b的能力(步骤620)之后，或在验证即时消息(步骤616)之后的任何时间，主机604向接收方602b发送即时消息(步骤626)。接收方602b从主机604接收即时消息(步骤628)，并显示与发送方602a和/或接收方602b能力对应的UI(步骤630)。一般说，如果接收方602b不能收发视频，那么接收方602b显示标准的即时消息传送UI。如果接收方602b能收发视频，那么接收方602b显示视频消息传送UI(如UI 700、UI 800)。
当发送方602a和接收方602b都能收发视频时，任何一方都可以开始视频消息会话。在图6的实施例中，发送方602a通过向主机604发送连接请求，开始视频消息会话(步骤632)。该连接请求可以包含的信息，包括但不限于：消息类型、发送方602a和接收方602b的屏幕名字和/或IP地址、及随机产生的安全号码。通过点击例如UI 700的视频消息按钮710和/或UI 800的开始VM按钮818，即能创建并自动发送连接请求。
主机604从发送方602a接收连接请求(步骤634)，验证发送方602a的连接请求(步骤636)，然后把该连接请求发送至接收方602b(步骤638)。主机604可以通过使用逆向查阅表，把屏幕名字和/或IP地址与那些有效的用户对照，验证该视频请求。在发送方602a或接收方602b二者之一与有效的用户无关的情况下，主机604报告错误消息。
接收方602b接受连接请求(步骤640)，那么显示的UI通知接收方602b，发送方602a希望约定视频消息会话(步骤642)。在图9所示的一个实施例中，连接UI 900包括：用于显示IM会话运行的文字记录的IM窗905、用于键入即时消息的文本消息区910、用于改变文本或背景颜色、改变文本大小、强调文本(如粗体、意大利体、或下画线)和插入对象(如可动图标(emoticon)、超链接、图像)的工具栏。连接UI 900还包括用于执行如发送即时消息、取消即时消息或IM会话、获得发送方资料、及把冒犯行为通知OSP等IM功能的IM按钮914。此外，连接UI 900包括通告916，以及点击时授权主机604建立视频消息连接的连接按钮918。
当提出连接请求时，接收方602b可以忽略该连接请求、接受该连接请求、或取消即时消息会话。如果接收方602b例如点击连接按钮818，表示接受该连接请求(步骤644)，那么，主机604建立视频消息会话(步骤646)，使发送方602a用视频消息传送与接收方602b通信。
在主机604建立视频消息会话(步骤646)之后，发送方602a产生视频消息(步骤648)。在图10A的一个实施例中，向发送方602a显示即时视频消息UI 1000。该即时视频消息UI 1000包括，用于显示IM会话运行的文字记录的IM窗1005和用于键入即时消息的文本消息区1010。即时视频消息UI 1000还包括：用于记录、预览、和/或发送视频消息的发送视频消息窗1015；用于指示来自发送方602a的数据传输的传输指示器1020；开始记录视频消息的记录按钮1025；发送已记录的视频消息的发送按钮1030；以及删除已记录的视频消息的清除按钮1035。在发送视频消息窗1015的顶部，显示与发送方602a有关的屏幕名字。即时视频消息UI 1000此外还包括用于观看接收的视频消息的接收活动消息窗1040，和用于指示发往发送方602b的数据传输的传输指示器1045。在接收视频消息窗1040的顶部，显示与接收方602b有关的屏幕名字。
现在参考图10B，与发送方602a有关的用户(如运行能收发视频即时消息传送的客户的计算机系统)点击记录按钮1025，产生视频消息(步骤648)，然后向视频记录设备，如带有扬声器的视频摄像机，或能捕获图像和声音的其他记录装置(如视听装置298)，口述消息。在一个实施例中，对发送方602a的视频消息，记录是受限制的(如时间、大小、数量)。发送方602a(如IM客户应用程序)和/或主机604(如IM 5902)可以施加和/或坚持该记录限制。例如，发送方不能记录视频消息长于15秒。但是，可以配置客户602a，使之达到限制时，自动发送一视频消息，又无需用户干预而开始记录另一视频消息。
记录完成后，用户可以预览产生的视频消息(步骤650)。在一个实施例中，用户使用显示的工具栏1017中播放、重绕、快进、和/或其他来观看记录的视频消息。如有必要，用户能点击清除按钮1035，删除记录的视频消息，然后记录新的视频消息。
现在参考图10C，通过例如预览(步骤650)，确定记录的视频消息是可接受之后，用户和/或发送方602a能发送该视频消息(步骤652)。在一个实施例中，用户点击发送按钮1030，开始把视频消息传输至接收方602b。传输指示器1020的颜色可能改变，以指示正在传输视频消息。
现在参考图10D，在一个实施例中，即时视频消息UI 1000仅包括：发送视频消息窗1015、传输指示器1020、记录按钮1025、发送按钮1030、清除按钮1035、接收活动消息窗1040、以及为节省屏幕面积的传输指示器1045。本实施例对不喜欢打字的用户特别有吸引力。
主机604从客户602a接收视频消息(步骤654)。在一个实施例中，配置主机604上的服务器(如IM服务器5902、域服务器5904)，以便接收视频消息。然后，主机604(如IM服务器5902、域服务器5904)验证来自发送方602a的视频消息(步骤656)。主机604例如可以通过使用逆向查阅表，把发送方602a和/或接收方602b的屏幕名字和/或IP地址，与那些有效的用户对照，验证该视频消息。在发送方602a或接收方602b二者之一与有效的用户无关的情况下，主机604报告错误消息。
其次，主机604调节视频消息会话(步骤658)。在一个实施例中，配置主机604上的服务器(如IM服务器5902、域服务器5904)，使之能调节至少一个发送方602a与至少一个接收方602b之间的视频消息会话。调节可以包括：通过压缩、解压缩、高速缓存、和/或向高效的存储分配资源及加速视频消息，来管理主机604的负载条件。调节还可以包括：根据接收方602b的能力和/或偏爱，对视频消息抽样和滤波。例如，主机604可以对视频消息抽样，以确定观看的要求和/或视频消息的内容。如果主机604确定，指定的接收方602b没有能力或不希望观看某特定的视频消息，那么，主机604可以舍弃、修改、和/或要不然过滤该视频消息。
调节视频消息会话，可以包括控制至少一个接收方602b观看视频消息的能力。例如，主机604可以构造让一个或多个接收方同时观看视频消息的视频消息会话。这种控制在演讲的设置中是有用的，因为在演讲中，一个发送方602a负责视频消息的大部分。调节还可以包括控制至少一个发送方602a发送视频消息的能力。例如，当某视频消息有好几个发送方参加时，主机604可以限制发送视频消息的能力，一次只给予一个发送方。该种控制在会议的设置中是有用的，因为在会议中，有许多发送方发送视频消息。
调节视频消息会话，还可以包括：在接收视频消息时，把视频消息登录和/或存储在队列中。如果视频消息是从若干发送方接收的，主机604可以按到达先后、按发送方、按主题、按关联性、和/或按任何其他分级准则，把视频消息排队。在队列中的视频消息，可以由主机604整理、删除、编辑、和/或其他的管理。
主机604还可以让队列中的视频消息交由至少一个发送方602a和/或至少一个接收方602b管理。在图11的该种实施例中，接收方602b显示的即时视频消息UI 1100，包括：视频消息会话窗1150、开始保存会话按钮1152、存储器容量条1154、播放按钮1156、及删除按钮1158。点击开始保存会话按钮1152时，请求602b和/或主机604保存视频消息会话(如待传送的和已观看的视频消息)。视频消息会话可以在接收方602b的本机保存，或在远程的主机604上保存(如，以临时文件的形式)。存储器容量条1154指示存储器容量已经使用的百分比。当点击播放按钮1156时，可以不按顺序播放待传送的视频消息，或重播观看过的视频消息。当点击删除按钮1158时，可以删除待传送和/或已观看的视频消息。
在另一个实施例中，视频消息的创建者可以决定，待传送的视频消息已变成不恰当的，然后指令主机604从队列中删除该视频消息。主机604可以从队列中移去该待传送的视频消息，同时，该待传送的视频消息将从接收方602b显示的视频消息会话窗1150中消失。
然后，主机604向接收方602b发送视频消息(步骤660)。主机604可以不受接收方602b用户的干预，把视频消息发送至接收方602b，和/或可以保持视频消息，直至收到接收方602b的请求。例如，再参考图11，主机604可以保持视频消息，并把标识待传送视频消息的超文本消息1107，发送至接收方602b。该超文本消息1107显示在IM窗1105中，且当点击时，请求主机604把该待传送视频消息向接收方602b下载。当该视频消息从主机604向接收方602b传输时，传输指示器1145改变颜色。
接收方602b接收(步骤662)并显示(步骤664)该视频消息。
在一个实施例中，视频消息显示在接收视频消息窗1140中。视频消息可以在点击超文本消息1107之后自动显示，也可以延时，直至点击了显示工具栏1142。如果观看视频消息之后，再次点击超文本消息1107，则将检索和重放该视频消息。视频消息可以由接收方602b作为视频文件(如QuickTime文件或AVI文件)存储。例如，存储的视频文件可以重放或作为电子邮件的附件，传输给其他用户。
在一个实施例中，一种主动的视频消息传送会话，使用三路通信信道：通用信令接口(GSI)信道、控制信道、和视频信道。GSI信道由视频会话用于建立开始连接。在连接的时候，交换本机的IP地址。在开始连接阶段完成之后，不再使用GSI信道。只当用户双方例如点击连接按钮918，授权该种交换时，才通过GSI信道完成本机IP地址的交换。这些操作保护用户，避免未经他们同意而自动获得他们的本机IP地址。
控制信道是TCP/IP套接字(socket)，而远端的IP地址和端口号码通过GSI信道获得。在会话有效期间，控制信道用于发送/接收视频会话的控制属性。例如，因为某些防火墙不允许防火墙内的套接字与外部连接，视频工具则尝试连接会话的两端。如果在该连接内存在最多为一个防火墙，那么，这一连接尝试将被允许完成。如果在两侧各有一防火墙，那么，情况是不可能进行连接，从而视频会话失败。要跨越两个防火墙工作，用户必须获得供视频使用的端口范围，以便能修改两个防火墙之一，让该范围通过。
视频信道是用于传送视频分组的TCP/IP套接字。该信道可以是UDP或TCP二者之一。一般使用UDP，因为它的等待时间最小。但是，因为某些防火墙不允许UDP分组通过，那么视频信道不得不使用TCP。视频工具指示工作模式(即TCP、UDP)，或者指示自动模式，自动模式在尝试用UDP测试失败时，求助于TCP。
现在参考图12和13，视频工具显示的UI 1200和UI 1300，能让用户有编制视频消息的功能。UI 1200能让用户控制视频消息的压缩。视频工具还可以包括安全特性，以保护被传输数据的完整性。例如，视频工具可以用专有的算法压缩数据，或可以用专有的协议发送数据。UI 1200还能让用户控制扬声器和微音器的音量、增益、和电平。
UI 1300能让用户控制视频图像的显示。例如，UI 1300包括白平衡、图像灰度校正、曝光量、闪烁、翻转、和/或其他视频特性的设置。
视频工具可以是装入客户装置上的任何种类的客户控制器(如软件、应用程序、程序)。视频工具对用户接口作出响应并把用户命令翻译成对客户装置的适当作用。例如，视频工具对客户装置上视频需要的物理部件，进行打开、读、写、和关闭操作。视频工具还用正在执行的回调，来控制视频和控制信道，指示状态的改变。
已说明了许多实施例。然而，应当指出，可以作出各种改变。特别是，能收发视频的IM客户，能够与任何类型能进行消息传送的IM客户，进行消息传送会话。例如，如果接收方602b没有能力接收视频消息，那么发送方602a可以存储该视频消息，作为视频文件，随后把该视频文件传输至接收方602b。视频文件可以作为电子邮件的附件来传输，或者，如在一般都有的美国专利U.S.Patent Application No.09/572,952中说明的，直接通过套接字的连接来传输，本文引用该专利全文，供参考。据此，没有摄像机设备的用户，通过观看传输的视频文件，然后发送即时消息作为对该视频文件的回应，这样依然能够与能收发视频的IM客户通信。
其他的实施例都包含在随后的权利要求书的范围内。

Claims (20)

1.一种通信方法，包括：
使一个发送方和至少一个接收方之间能通过即时消息传送主机进行即时消息传送通信；
在发送方已经完成了对视频即时消息的记录之后，在即时消息传送主机上接收一个视频即时消息，该视频即时消息指向至少一个接收方；
检测发送方是否已经完成了对视频即时消息的记录；并且
当检测到发送方已经完成了对视频即时消息的记录之后，从即时消息传送主机将该视频即时消息发送到至少一个接收方，以对至少一个接收方进行回放。
2.按照权利要求1的方法，还包括在即时消息传送主机上，接收并验证该发送方即时发来的文本。
3.按照权利要求2的方法，其中的验证包括：识别与发送方及接收方中的至少一个有关的屏幕名字。
4.按照权利要求3的方法，其中的验证包括：识别与发送方及接收方中的至少一个有关的IP地址。
5.按照权利要求1的方法，还包括在即时消息传送主机上，确定接收方的能力。
6.按照权利要求5的方法，其中的确定包括：识别与接收方有关的硬件。
7.按照权利要求5的方法，其中的确定包括：识别与接收方有关的软件。
8.按照权利要求5的方法，还包括向发送方报告接收方的能力。
9.按照权利要求8的方法，其中，该发送方根据接收方的能力显示用户接口。
10.按照权利要求1的方法，还包括在即时消息传送主机上接收建立视频通信的请求。
11.按照权利要求10的方法，其中的请求来自发送方。
12.按照权利要求10的方法，其中的请求来自接收方。
13.按照权利要求10的方法，还包括验证该请求。
14.按照权利要求13的方法，其中的验证包括：识别与发送方及接收方中的至少一个有关的屏幕名字。
15.按照权利要求13的方法，其中的验证包括：识别与发送方及接收方中的至少一个有关的IP地址。
16.按照权利要求1的方法，其中的使能进行视频通信包括：在发送方与接收方之间建立通用信令接口信道、控制信道、和视频信道。
17.按照权利要求16的方法，其中的控制信道包括TCP/IP套接字。
18.按照权利要求16的方法，其中的视频信道包括UDP信道。
19.按照权利要求16的方法，其中的视频信道包括TCP信道。
20.一种包括即时消息传送主机的通信设备，该即时消息传送主机被配置为：
使一个发送方和至少一个接收方之间能进行即时消息传送通信；
在发送方已经完成了对视频即时消息的记录之后，在即时消息传送主机上接收一个视频即时消息，该视频即时消息指向至少一个接收方；
检测发送方是否已经完成了对视频即时消息的记录；并且
当检测到发送方已经完成了对视频即时消息的记录之后，从即时消息传送主机将该视频即时消息发送到至少一个接收方，以对至少一个接收方进行回放。
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US7984098B2 (en) 2011-07-19
DE60144233D1 (de) 2011-04-28
US20030208543A1 (en) 2003-11-06
US20190028673A1 (en) 2019-01-24
US8078678B2 (en) 2011-12-13
ATE502477T1 (de) 2011-04-15
CA2417244A1 (en) 2002-01-31
CN1449620A (zh) 2003-10-15
US9071725B2 (en) 2015-06-30
US8918727B2 (en) 2014-12-23
WO2002009437A3 (en) 2002-05-23
US20110231506A1 (en) 2011-09-22
WO2002009437A2 (en) 2002-01-31
US20130066989A1 (en) 2013-03-14
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US20130093828A1 (en) 2013-04-18
US9100538B2 (en) 2015-08-04
US20120084671A1 (en) 2012-04-05
AU2001277145A1 (en) 2002-02-05
EP1303974B1 (en) 2011-03-16
EP1303974A2 (en) 2003-04-23
CA2417244C (en) 2007-03-27

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