CN1280355C - 聚酰胺组合物 - Google Patents

聚酰胺组合物 Download PDF

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CN1280355C
CN1280355C CN 02110659 CN02110659A CN1280355C CN 1280355 C CN1280355 C CN 1280355C CN 02110659 CN02110659 CN 02110659 CN 02110659 A CN02110659 A CN 02110659A CN 1280355 C CN1280355 C CN 1280355C
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CN1435447A (zh
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秦庆戊
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Hefei Genius New Materials Co Ltd
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Shanghai Genius Advanced Materials Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种聚酰胺组合物，包括以下组分及含量(重量份)：聚酰胺a 60-90，聚酰胺b 10-40，增韧剂10-60，增容剂0-5，其他助剂0-2；所述的聚酰胺a与聚酰胺b的匹配满足熔点差20-50℃。该组合物具有柔韧性、回弹性、消光、耐油和耐磨等特点，可部分替代尼龙弹性体和聚氨酯弹性体用于多种领域。

Description

聚酰胺组合物
技术领域
本发明涉及以聚酰胺为基体的消光超柔韧热塑性组合物。
背景技术
聚酰胺大分子链中带有极性酰胺基团，相互间可配合形成氢键，结晶度高，因此，聚酰胺具有机械性能优异，高低温性能好、耐磨、耐溶剂、自润滑等优异性能，应用范围极广。但是在一些特殊的应用领域如一些按件、健身器材等，出于美观及人体工程学方面的考虑，要求材料耐油、耐磨、消光、柔韧及回弹性好。尼龙(PA)弹性体虽具有上述特点，但成本较高，一般场合不宜采用。
在中国专利CN 1161356A中介绍了聚烯烃和聚酰胺的具有高度柔性的组合物。改性聚烯烃能够显著提高聚酰胺材料的韧性，同时模量降低。但由于聚烯烃增柔的效果并不明显，需要采用较多的聚烯烃及其接枝物，这样在提高柔韧性的同时也损害了聚酰胺本身所具有的耐油性，耐磨性等。
在中国专利CN 1257528A中提及模量低于1000MPa的聚酰胺组合物。该专利中采用磺胺类或羟基苯甲酸类增塑剂以增加组合物的柔性，但由于小分子增塑剂会向表面析出，不能用于与人体经常接触的场合，同时，组合物的回弹性下降。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种柔韧性、回弹性好，且消光、耐油和耐磨的聚酰胺组合物。
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现：一种聚酰胺组合物，包括以下组分及含量(重量份)：
             聚酰胺a           60-90
             聚酰胺b                 10-40
             增韧剂                  10-60
             增容剂                  0-5
             其他助剂                0-2
所述的聚酰胺a与聚酰胺b的匹配满足熔点差20-50℃。
所述的聚酰胺a或聚酰胺b可由以下物质缩聚而成：
脂肪链氨基酸，包括氨基己酸，7-氨基庚酸，8-氨基辛酸，9-氨基壬酸，11-氨基十一烷酸，12-氨基十二烷酸；
脂肪链二元胺，包括1，6-己二胺，1，10-癸二胺，1，12-十二亚甲基二胺，1，13-十三亚甲基二胺和脂肪链二元酸如己二酸，癸二酸，十二亚甲基二元酸，十三亚甲基二元酸的盐或混合物。
所述的聚酰胺a或聚酰胺b可由下列物质开环聚合得到：内酰胺类，包括己内酰胺，辛内酰胺。
所述的聚酰胺a或聚酰胺b优选尼龙6，尼龙66，尼龙1010，尼龙11，尼龙12，尼龙1212，尼龙1313。
所述的聚酰胺a与聚酰胺b的匹配优选尼龙6与尼龙66、尼龙1212与尼龙6、尼龙1010与尼龙1212、尼龙1010与尼龙1313、尼龙11与尼龙6、尼龙12与尼龙6。
所述的增容剂是带两个以上极性官能团的小分子或大分子，包括马来酸酐、苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物，优选配比为0.2-2(重量份)。
所述的增韧剂为官能化的聚烯烃，所述的聚烯烃含烯烃单元，包括聚乙烯(PE)，乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)，乙烯-丙烯共聚物(EPR)，苯乙烯/乙烯-丁烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物(SEBS)，苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯(SBS)嵌段共聚物，所述的官能化是指用不饱和羧酸酐、丙烯酸类极性不饱和官能团接枝到大分子链上，包括马来酸酐、丙烯酸、柠檬酸及其衍生物，优选乙烯-辛烯共聚物接枝马来酸酐(POE-g-MAH)，苯乙烯/乙烯-丁烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物接枝马来酸酐(SEBS-g-MAH)，优选配比为20-35(重量份)。
所述的其他助剂包括抗氧剂，加工稳定剂，光稳定剂，润滑剂，成核剂，颜料。
与现有技术相比，本发明采用满足两种或两种以上通用商业化脂肪族聚酰胺为主要基体，辅以一定量的增韧剂、增容剂，采用双(或单)螺杆挤出机进行共混，制得一种热塑性组合物。该组合物具有柔韧性、回弹性、消光、耐油和耐磨等特点，可部分替代尼龙弹性体和聚氨酯弹性体用于多种领域。
具体实施方式
在以下的实施例中，
PA1212表示：山东淄博化工生产的中粘度产品；
PA6表示：广州新会美达锦纶股份有限公司产品，牌号D32800；
PA66表示：平顶山神马集团产品，牌号EPR27；
POE-g-MAH表示：上海复哲化工有限公司产品，牌号为8002；
PE-g-MAH表示：自制，用PE接枝马来酸酐；
抗氧剂1098表示：瑞士汽巴精化公司生产的Irganox 1098；
抗氧剂168表示：瑞士汽巴精化公司生产的Irgafos 168；
SMA表示：苯乙烯-顺丁烯二酸酐无规共聚物，自制；
树脂和各类助剂经高混机高速混匀后，经单(或双)螺杆挤出机进行物理化学反应后拉条切粒即可得该组合物。工艺温度为220-240℃。
所得粒料按照GB测试标准注塑成相应样条，在23±2℃，50±5％相对湿度下状态调节24小时进行测试。
其中熔融指数测试条件为230℃，2.16Kg载荷。
拉伸强度、断裂伸长率测试标准为GB/T1040；
Charpy无缺口冲击强度、Charpy缺口冲击强度测试标准为B/T1043；弯曲强度、弯曲模量测试标准为GB9341；
  实施例1   实施例2   实施例3
 PA6     30     50     10
 PA66     10
 PA1212     50     70
 POE-g-MAH     20     30
 PE-g-MAH     20
 SMA     0.5     0.3     0.3
 抗氧剂1098     0.1     0.1     0.1
 抗氧剂168     0.1     0.1     0.1
性能测试如下(测试环境23℃，50％相对湿度)：
性能    单位   实施例1   实施例2   实施例3
拉伸强度     MPa     57     63     41
断裂伸长率     ％     456     500     570
Charpy无缺口冲击强度     KJ/m2     15JNB     15JNB     15JNB
Charpy缺口冲击强度23℃     KJ/m2     15JNB     15JNB     15JNB
弯曲强度     MPa     23     32.1     19
弯曲模量     MPa     574     778     530
Shore     D-Scale     72.7     78.2     72.8
其中15JNB是指用15J的摆锤冲击不断。

Claims (8)

1.一种聚酰胺组合物，包括以下组分及含量，其中该含量为重量份：
            聚酰胺a             60-90
            聚酰胺b             10-40
            增韧剂              10-60
            增容剂              0-5
            其他助剂            0-2
所述的聚酰胺a与聚酰胺b的匹配满足熔点差20-50℃。
2.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物，其特征在于，所述的聚酰胺a或聚酰胺b可由以下物质缩聚而成：
脂肪链氨基酸，包括氨基己酸，7-氨基庚酸，8-氨基辛酸，9-氨基壬酸，11-氨基十一烷酸或12-氨基十二烷酸；
脂肪链二元胺，包括1，6-己二胺，1，10-癸二胺，1，12-十二亚甲基二胺或1，13-十三亚甲基二胺和脂肪链二元酸，包括己二酸，癸二酸，十二亚甲基二元酸或十三亚甲基二元酸生成的盐或其混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物，其特征在于，所述的聚酰胺a或聚酰胺b可由下列物质开环聚合得到：内酰胺类，包括己内酰胺或辛内酰胺。
4.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物，其特征在于，所述的聚酰胺a或聚酰胺b为尼龙6，尼龙66，尼龙1010，尼龙11，尼龙12，尼龙1212或尼龙1313。
5.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物，其特征在于，所述的聚酰胺a与聚酰胺b的匹配为尼龙6与尼龙66、尼龙1212与尼龙6、尼龙1010与尼龙1212、尼龙1010与尼龙1313、尼龙11与尼龙6或尼龙12与尼龙6。
6.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物，其特征在于，所述的增容剂是带两个以上极性官能团的小分子或大分子，包括马来酸酐或苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物，其重量份配比为0.2-2。
7.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物，其特征在于，所述的增韧剂为官能化的聚烯烃，所述的聚烯烃含烯烃单元，包括聚乙烯，乙烯-辛烯共聚物，乙烯-丙烯共聚物，苯乙烯/乙烯-丁烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物或苯乙烯/丁二烯/苯乙烯嵌段共聚物，所述的官能化是指用不饱和羧酸酐或丙烯酸类极性不饱和官能团接枝到大分子链上，包括马来酸酐、丙烯酸或柠檬酸及其衍生物，其重量份配比为20-35。
8.根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物，其特征在于，所述的其他助剂包括抗氧剂，加工稳定剂，光稳定剂，润滑剂，成核剂或颜料。
CN 02110659 2002-01-28 2002-01-28 聚酰胺组合物 Expired - Lifetime CN1280355C (zh)

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