CN1273027A - Artificial reproduction method for Microplitis mediator (Haliday) - Google Patents

Abstract

An artificial reproduction method for Microplitis mediator (Haliday) with sexual dispause performance as natural enemy of pests features that the armyworm is used as intermediate host and said Microplitis mediator can be induced to form diapause source in artificial condition for storage for a long time, and the dispause may be released for application at all times according to the occurring time and quantity of harmful insects.

Description

The artificial breeding method of Microplitis mediator (Haliday)

The present invention relates to crop pests biological control technical field, specifically, relate to a kind of artificial breeding method of natural enemy insect.

It is the important technique measure of biological control of insect pests that the artificial breeding of natural enemy insect and release are used, and wherein the artificial breeding of parasite and utilization occupy considerable status.Particularly China has numerous available natural enemy insect resources in the world, because the approaches and methods of breeding of unsuitable alternative host and corresponding science has only the only a few natural enemy insect can carry out artificial breeding and utilization both at home and abroad.What adopt usually both at home and abroad at present is a kind of traditional artificial subcultural breeding method, this method is that to utilize certain be the alternative host (vector) that parasitic enemy insect can be parasitic, by artificial infection, enlarge honeybee source quantity by generation according to plan seasonally, in the opportune moment that target pest takes place, discharge the honeybee source of last artificial breeding, Pest Control harm in generation.But the honeybee source that this method is produced is difficult to long preservation, must constantly add generation according to plan to breed, and to accurately hold each from generation to generation the process of breeding and accurately target of prediction insect period of taking place and. generating capacity.In reproductive process, any one intermediate link goes wrong, the capital has a strong impact on former making a plan and the output and the quality in honeybee source, the emergence period that in control of insect, is difficult to reach parasitic wasp and insect match (honeybee worm counterpart), easily miss the optimal period of control of insect, influence control efficiency or cause waste.China is some new progress in the artificial propagation of oophagous trichogrammae and anastatus japonicus with aspect utilizing, and substitutes the natural host ovum as breeding oophagous trichogrammae to have initiated with the artificial host egg; The U.S. also has been developed into the cotton bollworm production line for breeding a kind of lateral sulcus cocoon honeybee (Microplitis croceipes), though these methods have been carried out some significant improvement on some important step, but still do not break away from traditional manually continuing (adding) generation pattern of breeding and the problem that solves honeybee worm counterpart.

The objective of the invention is to overcome the drawback on traditional natural enemy insect artificial breeding method, make Microplitis mediator (Haliday) can carry out the annual accumulation and produce in batches, and can preserve for a long time and discharge at any time as required and use.

Main contents of the present invention are to utilize the facultative diapause characteristic of Microplitis mediator (Haliday), induce it to produce diapause bee source under artificial condition, under artificial condition, preserve for a long time then, and termination of diapause and release application when needed.

Fig. 1 is a Microplitis mediator (Haliday) artificial breeding technology flow chart, is described in detail embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with process chart:

1, the raising of host mythimna separata:

Under 20-25 ℃ of temperature, 1 age Mo, 2 age primary larva grow up to 3 instar larvaes, raise 3 instar larvaes with man-made feeds again and change into pupa, pupa is sprouted wings into adult, then adult produces the mythimna separata ovum, the mythimna separata ovum becomes newly hatched larvae, newly hatched larvae grow up to 1 age Mo, 2 age primary larva. For adjusting manufacturing schedule, the mythimna separata pupa can be 10-15 ℃ of lower the preservation in this process, holding time≤30 day, and the mythimna separata ovum can be 5-10 ℃ of lower the preservation, holding time≤30 day.

2, the honeybee kind is bred:

Insert the 1-2 armyworm larvae in age of the neat and consistent of artificial propagation in inoculating hood, and insert the Microplitis mediator (Haliday) honeybee kind of sprouting wings and in the green cocoon by growing in 1: 20 honeybee worm ratio, male and female are than pressing 1: 1 coupling.Got small part in the larva posting of being produced and posted larva, raised under the periodicity of illumination at 22-25 ℃, 12 hours to cocooing, the feeding time 6-8 days time, under 22-25 ℃ of condition, urge cocoon again, produce the honeybee kind.

3, breeding of diapause bee source:

The major part of being posted larva that step 2 produced is placed temperature 16-19 ℃, periodicity of illumination 9-11 hour/day, intensity of illumination 4000-6000Lx, under the relative moisture 60-80% environment until producing diapause bee source.

4, the preservation in honeybee source and release:

Diapause bee source can be preserved 1 year under-4-10 ℃, and diapause bee source can according to target pest time of origin and generating capacity, discharge and use at any time at 22-27 ℃ of following termination of diapause.

At occurring in nature, the formed cocoon of Microplitis mediator (Haliday) has two types, and a kind of is the developmental pattern cocoon, is green, and is another kind of for diapause type cocoon, is brown.Microplitis mediator (Haliday) belongs to long-day developmental pattern parasitic wasp, perhaps cry short-day diapause type parasitic wasp, promptly drop to 17.9 ℃ in daily mean temperature, when light application time dropped to 11 hours below 45 minutes, then all form the brown cocoon, drop on the face of land and survive the winter, can form green cocoon under other condition, can continue to grow.

Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:

1, with cotton bollworm, cutworm, mythimna separata, three-spotted plusia, main Noctuidae pest such as prodenia litura are the host.And these insects were lost substantially get the food ability and death before 3 ages or 3 ages, therefore, it is the population quantity of Pest Control to a certain extent, and harm in the present age that can Pest Control.

2, overcome traditional manually continue (adding) for the drawback of breeding, made Microplitis mediator (Haliday) can carry out the annual accumulation and breed, the honeybee source of producing can be preserved for a long time, and can discharge application as required at any time.

Experimental example 1: Microplitis mediator (Haliday) forms the artificial environment result of the test of diapause worm attitude.

Under four different temperatures and four different light time conditions, amount to 16 processing, intensity of illumination 4000-6000Lx, relative moisture is 70-80%.The result shows, the low temperature short-day is the principal element that forms the Microplitis mediator (Haliday) diapause, synthermal and the periodicity of illumination of the diapause of Microplitis mediator (Haliday) is remarkable negative correlation, linear regression analysis outside polynary, and the optimum binary polynomial that its diapause rate changed according to temperature and photoperiod returns agenda and is: 43.141x ₁x ₂+ 1.095x ₁x ₂ ²+ 0.448x ₁ ²x ₂

( Be diapause percentage angle conversion values, x ₁Be temperature, x ₂Be the order lighting delay number, the domain of definition is 17 ℃≤x ₁≤ 26 ℃, 10 hours≤x ₂≤ 13 hours).

Draw by variable analysis, temperature is bigger than photoperiodic influence for the influence of diapause, and temperature and photoperiod have obvious interaction, the best complex condition of artificial Microplitis mediator (Haliday) diapause worm attitude is: 17 ± 0.5 ℃ of temperature, the 10 hours illumination time of day, illumination temperature 4000Lx-6000Lx, relative moisture 70-80%.

Experimental example 2: preserve of the influence of brown cocoon under the condition of different temperatures to eclosion rate and emergence regularity

Preserve fate	????-18℃		????-10℃		????-5℃		??????0℃		??????5℃
											The emergence number	Eclosion rate % in three days	The emergence number	Eclosion rate % in three days	The emergence number	Eclosion rate % in three days	The emergence number	Eclosion rate % in three days	The emergence number	Eclosion rate % in three days
	20	?0		?3		?27	?25	?36	?30
?40											?0		?1		?28	?26	?29	?36	?39	?60
	?60	?0		?0		?31	?50	?49	?86	?49											?92
?80											?0		?0		?3		?44	?72	?30	?58
	?100	?0		?0				?49	?100
?360																	?47	?94

The result shows: 0 ℃ is the best preservation condition of brown cocoon, and can long preservation 1 year.

The artificial breeding method of embodiment 1 Microplitis mediator (Haliday)

1, the raising of host mythimna separata:

Under 25 ℃ of temperature, 1 age end, 2 age primary larva grow up to 3 instar larvaes, raise 3 instar larvaes with artificial feed again and change into pupa, pupa is sprouted wings into adult, adult produces the mythimna separata ovum then, the mythimna separata ovum becomes newly hatched larvae, newly hatched larvae grow up to 1 age end, 2 age primary larva.

2, the honeybee kind is bred:

Insert 1000 of the 1-2 armyworm larvaes in age of the neat and consistent of artificial propagation in inoculating hood, and insert by growing 100 of the Microplitis mediator (Haliday) honeybee kinds of sprouting wings in the green cocoon by 1: 20 honeybee worm ratio, male and female are than mating by 1: 1.Got 100 in the larva posting of being produced and posted larva, raised under the periodicity of illumination at 25 ℃, 12 hours to cocooing, the 8 day time of feeding time, under 25 ℃ of conditions, urge cocoon again, produce the honeybee kind.

3, breeding of diapause bee source:

Posted 900 of larva and placed 17 ℃ of temperature step 2 produces, periodicity of illumination 10 hours/day, intensity of illumination 6000Lx, under relative moisture 70% environment until producing diapause bee source.

4, the preservation in honeybee source and release:

Diapause bee source can be preserved 1 year under-4-10 ℃, according to target pest time of origin and generating capacity, made the diapause bee source termination of diapause under 25 ℃, discharged in the field and used.

List of references:

1, the Pu dragon that stings: the principle of 1984. biological control of insect pests and method (second edition). scientific publication

Society.

2, Zhang ZongBing, Cao Ji: 1990 control of insect strategy and methods. the .427-448 of Science Press

3 .1984. insect artificial diet handbook such as Wang Yannian. the .46-5 of Shanghai science tech publishing house

4 .1988. such as Liu Zhicheng is with artificial eggs breeding parasitic wasp research new development. and biological control is logical

Report .4 (4): 145-148

5、Powell.J.E.Bull，D.L.，and?king，E.G.，1989.Biological

Control?of?Heliothis?spp.by?Microplitis?croceipes

Southwestern?Entomolo-gist，Suppl.No.12.

6、Shepard，.Powell，J.E.，and?Jones.Jr.，W.A.，1983.Biology?of

Microplitis?denolitor(Hymenoptera：Braconidae)，an?Imported

Parasitoid?of?Heliothis.(Lepidoptera：Noctuidae)spp.and?the

soybean?Looper，Pseudoplusia?Includens(Lepiodop?tera：Noc-

tuidae).Environ.Entomol?12：641-645

7、Powell，J.E.and?Hartley，G.G.，1987.Rearing?Microplitis

croceipes(Hymenoptera：Braconidae)and?other?parasitoids?of

Noctuidae?with?muticellalar?Host-rearing

Trays.J.Econ.Entomol?80：968-971

Claims (1)

1, the artificial breeding method of Microplitis mediator (Haliday) comprises that the raising of host mythimna separata, honeybee kind are bred, the preservation and the release steps in the breeding of diapause bee source, honeybee source, it is characterized in that breeding step and is:

(1) raising of host mythimna separata

Under 20-25 ℃ of temperature, 1 age end, 2 age primary larva grow up to 3 instar larvaes, raise 3 instar larvaes with artificial feed again, 3 instar larvaes change into pupa, and pupa is sprouted wings into adult, and adult produces the mythimna separata ovum then, the mythimna separata ovum becomes newly hatched larvae, newly hatched larvae grow up to 1 age end, 2 age primary larva; For adjusting manufacturing schedule, the mythimna separata pupa can be preserved down at 10-15 ℃ in this process, holding time≤30 day, and the mythimna separata ovum can be preserved down at 5-10 ℃, holding time≤30 day;

(2) the honeybee kind is bred

Insert the 1-2 armyworm larvae in age of the neat and consistent of artificial propagation in inoculating hood, and insert the Microplitis mediator (Haliday) honeybee kind of sprouting wings and in the green cocoon by growing in 1: 20 honeybee worm ratio, male and female are than pressing 1: 1 coupling; Got small part in the larva posting of being produced and posted larva, raised under the periodicity of illumination at 22-25 ℃, 12 hours to cocooing, the feeding time 6-8 days time, under 22-25 ℃ of condition, urge cocoon again, produce the honeybee kind;

(3) diapause bee source breeds

The major part of being posted larva that step (2) is produced places temperature 16-19 ℃, periodicity of illumination 9-11 hour/day, intensity of illumination 4000-6000Lx, under the relative moisture 60-80% environment until producing diapause bee source;

The preservation and the release in (4) honeybee source:

Diapause bee source can be preserved 1 year under-4-10 ℃, and diapause bee source can according to target pest time of origin and generating capacity, discharge and use at any time at 22-27 ℃ of following termination of diapause.