CN1268134A - 具有抗转移活性的双吲哚衍生物、其制备方法和含有它们的药物组合物 - Google Patents
具有抗转移活性的双吲哚衍生物、其制备方法和含有它们的药物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1268134A CN1268134A CN98808565A CN98808565A CN1268134A CN 1268134 A CN1268134 A CN 1268134A CN 98808565 A CN98808565 A CN 98808565A CN 98808565 A CN98808565 A CN 98808565A CN 1268134 A CN1268134 A CN 1268134A
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- Prior art keywords
- methyl
- indol
- carboxyl
- benzene
- compound
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Classifications
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- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
- A61K31/403—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole
- A61K31/404—Indoles, e.g. pindolol
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/44—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
- A61K31/4427—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
- A61K31/4439—Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. omeprazole
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
- A61P35/04—Antineoplastic agents specific for metastasis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D209/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with one carbocyclic ring
- C07D209/04—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles
- C07D209/10—Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring
- C07D209/14—Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms, not forming part of a nitro radical
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing three or more hetero rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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Abstract
本发明涉及用作抗肿瘤和抗转移剂的通式(Ⅰ)化合物、其对映异构体、非对映异构体、外消旋体和它们的混合物以及它们与可药用酸和碱成的盐,式(Ⅰ)中R和R’独立地选自氢、羟基、氯、溴、碘、氟、(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、(C1-C4)酰氧基、氨基、一(C1-C4)烷基氨基、二(C1-C4)烷基氨基、-SH、(C1-C4)烷硫基、羧基、(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基;R1和R1’独立地选自氢、羟基、羟基甲基、氨基、羧基、(C1-C4)烷基;A是被至少一个选自羟基、羧基、-SH、-CONHOH或-PO3H2的基团取代的苯基或萘基,或者是含有一个或两个选自氧、氮或硫的杂原子的5元或6元杂环,所述杂环可任选地苯并稠合和/或被至少一个选自吡啶基、-SH、-PO3H2、羧基或-CONHOH的基团取代,或者是式-(CH2)n-X所示基团,其中n是0或整数1或2,且X选自-SH、-PO3H2、-CONHOH、羧基、氨基、一(C1-C4)烷基氨基、二(C1-C4)烷基氨基。
Description
本发明涉及双吲哚衍生物和其在抑制转移过程中的应用。
本发明的背景技术
在过去,肿瘤治疗是通过外科手术、放射治疗和化学治疗而实现的。化学治疗的缺陷主要是由于下述原因所致:通常不限定在癌细胞上的细胞毒性药物的毒性,癌细胞对一些使用最广泛的药物产生了获得性抗药性,这就影响了最终的治疗结果。
另一方面,通过手术切除原发性肿瘤并非总是可行的,并且无论如何也不能阻止大多数转移性肿瘤例如乳腺癌或黑素瘤侵袭其它靶器官,从而在手术治疗数月或数年后又进一步发展成继发性肿瘤。这些继发性肿瘤通常是导致患者死亡的主要原因。
近些年来,日趋明显的是,对转移性肿瘤的治疗不可能使患者完全治愈:因此,用细胞毒性药物进行的治疗现在已被看成是缓和以及延长生命的方法,而不是治愈方法。用低毒性药物进行的慢性治疗将是优选的,并且其目标是控制疾病的进展。这类治疗的一个实例是用三苯氧胺治疗侵袭性乳腺癌。
最近,许多研究人员的努力方向已经集中在,开发出能抑制导致转移瘤形成的肿瘤的侵袭性过程的药物。已经提出了数种机制,并且已经在“体外”和“体内”模型中测试了数种药物。例如,发现苯乙烯基二苯基胺衍生物能使人纤维肉瘤HT 1080细胞的转化表型恢复正常。这些化合物可在小鼠中抑制肿瘤转移,同时毒性很小[《抗癌研究》(Anticancer Res.)17(1A),393-400(1997)]。
其它已知分子,例如稳定的前列腺环素类似物cicaprost和二十二碳六烯酸在“体内”模型中显示出抗转移特征[《癌症检查与预防》(CancerDetect.Prev.),21(1),44-50(1997)和《英国癌症杂志》(Br.J.Cancer.)75(5),650-655(1997)]。
涉及连接粘连蛋白A片段结构域的III型核心序列的肽(和其聚乙二醇杂化物)对于实验性B16-BL6黑素瘤的转移有抑制作用[《生物药理学通报》(Biol.Pharm.Bull.),19(12),1574-1579(1996)]。
低分子量葡萄糖胺类似物对在裸鼠乳房颊脂垫中生长的MDA-MB-435人乳腺癌异种移植物的转移的作用也有报道[《癌症研究》(cancer Res.)56(23),5319-5324(1996)]。所提出的合成葡萄糖胺的作用机制可能包括,抑制β-半凝集素(galectin)介导的同型癌细胞聚集和在靶细胞中诱导细胞程序死亡。
据报道,由于能抑制肿瘤细胞的粘着和迁移,抗代谢物tiazofurin能抑制HT 168-M1人黑素瘤细胞系的转移,[《抗癌研究》(AnticancerRes.)16(6A),3307-3312(1996)]。
J.Immunother.Emphasis Tumor Immunol.,19(5),324-333(1996)也报道,通过鼻内给药,免疫调控八肽THF-γ2能抑制鼠Lewis肺癌转移。
在门静脉内移植过大鼠腹水肝细胞瘤AH-130细胞的大鼠中,血管生成抑制剂TNP-470能有效地治疗肝转移[《外科研究杂志》(J.Surg.Res.),64(1),35-41(1996)]。
其它表现出抗转移作用的化合物有新的吲哚并咔唑NB-506[《日本癌症研究杂志》(Jpn.J.Cancer Res.)87(5),518-523(1996)]和一些与野尻霉素A结构上相关的类似物[J.Antibiot.(Tokyo),49(2),155-161(1996)]。
到目前为止,在已经评价过以产生可能的抗转移活性的目标中,抑制基质金属蛋白酶活性看上去是最有希望的途径。
在癌细胞中被正调节的基质金属蛋白酶(或金属蛋白酶)使细胞外基质降解,并使肿瘤细胞增殖到血流中以到达靶器官,这样就使肿瘤转移到这些靶器官中。然而,因为在生物体内存在不同类型的基质金属蛋白酶,并且在生命机能的调节中涉及这些蛋白酶,因此为了避免、尤其是在慢性治疗中避免毒性副作用,需要高选择性。
有多种化合物记载在文献[参见Nigel R.A.Beeley等人在Curr.Opin.Ther.Patents,4(1),7(1994)中的评论文章]或专利文献[Glycomed的WO-A-92/09563,Hoffmann-LaRoche的EP-A-497192,British Biotechnology的WO-A-90/05719,Celltech的EP-A-489577,Beecham的EP-A-320118,Searle的US-A-4595700]中。尤其是,BritishBiotechnology已经开发出巴马司他(batimastat)和marimastat,并且marimastat目前正处于临床试验阶段。然而,这些化合物是基质金属蛋白酶的广谱抑制剂,因此用这些分子进行治疗会带来不利的毒性。
因此,很显然仍需要开发出必须具有低毒性和抑制肿瘤生长和转移的显著活性的新化合物,以作为慢性抗肿瘤治疗的化合物。
我们已经发现,有一类双吲哚类衍生物具有抗肿瘤和抗转移活性所必需的特性。
US 3409626公开了由吡啶甲烷双基连接的双吲哚,它们在其中是作为合成具有抗高血压活性的吡啶鎓盐的中间体。在《有机化学杂志》(J.Org.Chem.),41(5),870-875(1976)中也公开了其它吡啶衍生物。
与下文中的式(I)相符合、并且其中A是氨基甲基、羧基、甲氧基羰基或烷氧基羰基甲基的其它双吲哚化合物记载在《天然物杂志》(J.ofNatural Products),58(8),1254-60(1995),《天然物杂志》(J.ofNatural Products),54(2),564-9(1991),《合成》(Synthesis),872(1984),《四面体》(Tetrahedron),44(18),5897-5904(1988)中。双吲哚羟基苯基甲烷报道在《天然物通讯》(Nat.Prod.Lett.),4(4),309-312(1994)(4-羟基苯基,是抗微生物剂)和《杂环化学杂志》(J.Het.Chem.),14(8),1361-1363(1977)(3,4-二羟基苯基)、PakistanJ.Sci.Ind.Res.,14(1-2),15-18(1971)(2-羟基苯基)、Indian J.Chem.,Sect.B,25B(12),1204-1208(1986)(2-羟基苯基以及在吲哚环2位上的甲基),同时在《四面体》(Tetrahedron),47(44),9225-9230(1991)中报道了双吲哚杂芳基甲烷(杂芳基=2-呋喃基,2-噻吩基)。
迄今为止,对于这类化合物没有任何关于抗肿瘤或抗转移活性的报道。
本发明的描述
其中:
-R和R’独立地选自氢、羟基、氯、溴、碘、氟、(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、(C1-C4)酰氧基、氨基、一(C1-C4)烷基氨基、二(C1-C4)烷基氨基、-SH、(C1-C4)烷硫基、羧基、(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基;
-R1和R1’独立地选自氢、羟基、羟基甲基、氨基、羧基、(C1-C4)烷基;
-A是
-被至少一个选自羟基、羧基、-SH、-CONHOH或-PO3H2的基团取代的苯基或萘基,或者是
-含有一个或两个选自氧、氮或硫的杂原子的5元或6元杂环,所述杂环可任选地苯并稠合和/或被至少一个选自吡啶基、-SH、-PO3H2、羧基或-CONHOH的基团取代,或者是
-式-(CH2)n-X所示基团,其中n是0或整数1或2,且X选自-SH、-PO3H2、-CONHOH、羧基、氨基、一(C1-C4)烷基氨基、二(C1-C4)烷基氨基。
本发明还涉及式(I)新化合物及其制备方法,条件是,排除下述已知化合物:
-其中R、R’、R1、R1’是氢、且A是吡啶基、2-呋喃基、2-噻吩基、羧基、甲氧基羰基、(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基甲基、2-羟基苯基、4-羟基苯基或3,4-二羟基苯基的式(I)化合物;
-其中R1、R1’是氢、R和R’是6-溴且A是氨基甲基的式(I)化合物;
-其中R1、R1’是氢、R和R’是5-氯、5-溴、5-羧基或5-甲氧基、且A是4-吡啶基的式(I)化合物;
-其中R、R’是氢、R1和R1’是甲基、且A是2-呋喃基、2-噻吩基或2-羟基苯基的式(I)化合物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供含有有效量的至少一种式(I)化合物和适当赋形剂或稀释剂的药物组合物。
当A是杂环时,其优选选自吡啶基、咪唑-2-基、噻吩基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、吡咯基、呋喃基、5-甲基呋喃-2-基、5-羟基甲基呋喃-2-基、8-羟基喹啉-2-基、联吡啶基。
当A是取代的苯基时,其优选选自2-羧基苯基、3-羧基-4-羟基苯基、4-甲氧基羰基苯基、3,4-二羟基苯基、2,3-二羟基苯基、3-羧基苯基、4-羧基苯基。
优选的式(I)化合物是其中R1和R1’和/或R和R’是氢的化合物。
其它优选的式(I)化合物是其中A是2-吡啶基、3-吡啶基或4-吡啶基的化合物。
特别优选的式(I)化合物是其中R1、R1’是氢、R和R’是氢或羟基、且A是吡啶基的化合物。
最优选的化合物是3-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]吡啶和3-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]吡啶。
本发明化合物的制备
其中R=R’且R1=R1’的式(I)对称化合物可通过将式(II)醛
A-CHO (II)与至少2当量的式(III)吲哚缩合而制得,其中R、R1和A的定义同上。该反应可在溶剂、优选醇、水或其混合物中、在酸性催化剂存在下进行。合适的酸是有机酸、优选乙酸,无机酸、优选氢氯酸或路易斯酸。当使用乙酸时,乙酸也用作溶剂。反应温度可以为-10℃-100℃、但是通常为0℃-室温。
当把吲哚衍生物原料活化以进行该亲电反应时,就不需要酸性催化剂。
通过按照《四面体》(Tetrahedron),47(44),9225-9230(1991)中描述的方法进行光化学活化,该缩合反应还可以在中性环境下进行,该文献引入本发明以作参考。
当A是烷氧基羰基甲基时,最佳方法是如《中国化学会杂志》(J.Chinese Chem.Soc.),21,229-234(1974)所述,用丙炔酸烷基酯将2当量的式(III)中间体缩合,该文献引入本发明以作参考。
其中R和R1分别与R’和R1’不同的式(I)不对称化合物可通过包括下述步骤的方法进行制备:
(a)将式(III)化合物与式(IV)中间体在溶剂中在路易斯酸、优选AlCl3存在下进行弗瑞德-克来福特反应:
A-CO-Hal (IV)其中A的定义同上,且Hal是氯、溴或碘;
(b)将步骤(a)产物与式(V)化合物在强碱例如氢化钠存在下、在惰性溶剂例如四氢呋喃中进行Horner-Emmonds反应,以生成式(VI)化合物:
(d)通过费歇尔反应形成第二个吲哚环,以生成其中R1’为氢的式(I)化合物。
其中R1’不是氢的化合物既可以通过在未取代衍生物的2-位进行亲电加成而制得(J.Chem.Soc.Perkin Trans.,1,2543-2551(1987)该文献引入本发明以作参考),也可以通过将上述费歇尔合成修饰,即将式(VI)的-COOAlk取代基转化成-CO-R1’酮取代基(例如通过与烷基锂化合物反应),然后再如上所述进行反应而制得。
光学纯的式(I)化合物可用分离异构体和非对映异构体的常用方法获得,例如光学拆分,将式(I)化合物与旋光酸或碱生成的非对映并构体盐结晶,或通过色谱法分离式(I)化合物的非对映异构体或非对映异构体盐。合适的旋光酸的实例有D-酒石酸或L-酒石酸、D-扁桃酸或L-扁桃酸、D-苹果酸或L-苹果酸、D-乳酸或L-乳酸、D-樟脑磺酸或L-樟脑磺酸。合适的旋光碱的实例有D-α-苯乙胺或L-α-苯乙胺、D-麻黄碱或L-麻黄碱、D-奎尼丁或L-奎尼丁、D-辛可尼丁或L-辛可尼丁。
强碱盐(alkaline salts)、铵盐、乙酸盐或盐酸盐是主要的可药用盐,它们是以常规方法制得的,例如用无机碱或有机碱或无机酸例如氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氨水、胺如三乙胺、或盐酸滴定化合物而制得。通常将盐用适当的溶剂再沉淀来把其纯化。
式(II)中间体是市售产品,或可通过对于本领域技术人员来说是常规知识的常用反应、用其中醛基优选被保护(例如通过缩醛保护基保护)的前体制得。
例如,当A携带羧基官能团(例如乙醛酸)时,异羟肟酸衍生物可通过将-COOH与O-苄基羟基胺在缩合剂(例如二环己基碳化二亚胺)存在下反应,然后氢解以除去苄基而制得。
当A携带羟基时,可将其进行下述反应:
-将-OH转化成卤素基团(例如用亚硫酰氯将其转化成氯),然后用亚磷酸三乙酯进行缩合,并用碘化三甲硅将所得二乙酯水解,以生成-PO3H2衍生物;
-将-OH转化成卤素基团(例如用亚硫酰氯将其转化成氯),然后与硫代乙酸钾反应,随后将酰基水解,以生成巯基衍生物;
-将-OH转化成叠氮衍生物(例如在叠氮化钠、二乙基氮二羧酸酯和三苯基膦存在下通过Mitsunobu反应将其转化成叠氮衍生物),然后通过氢解生成氨基衍生物;
-将-OH或由其获得的巯基烷基化,以分别生成O-烷基和S-烷基衍生物;
-将氨基衍生物烷基化,例如通过还原胺化,用醛产生烷基和氰基硼氢化钠作为还原剂,以生成一和二烷基氨基衍生物。
很明显,上面仅是合适的反应类型的实例。本领域技术人员可以找到这类方法的明显变化形式。实施所有所述方法的反应条件也是本领域技术人员的常规知识,并且无需在本说明书中进行更详细描述。
式(III)中间体是市售产品,或者可依据合成取代吲哚的已知方法、主要是费歇尔合成法制得。这类方法是化学工作者的常规知识,并且无需在本说明书中进行更详细描述。
在A的定义中n是0的式(I)化合物可依据不同于上述方法、而包括下述步骤的方法制得:
(a)通过例如与硼氢化钠反应将3,3’-二(吲哚)酮转化成3,3’-二(吲哚)甲醇;
(b)按照上述合成A-CHO的方法,将步骤(a)所得的3,3’-二(吲哚)甲醇上的羟基官能团转化成其它取代基。
《杂环化学杂志》(J.Het.Chem.),14(7),1123-1134(1977)中描述了3,3’-二(吲哚)酮,该文献引入本发明以作参考。
原料3,3’-二(吲哚)甲烷是按照上述A-CHO反应、通过将吲哚环与甲醛缩合而制得的。
本发明化合物的生物活性
既进行“体外”测试,也进行“体内”测试。
本发明化合物已经在抑制MMP8(人中性粒细胞胶原酶)的“体外”药理实验中测试过。所述测试是利用MMP8的催化域,通过荧光底物(DNP-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Trp-Ala-D-Arg-NH2,M1855 Bachem)降解被抑制后的荧光度来进行测定的。
试剂:
1)DNP-底物=DNP-Pro-Leu-Gly-Leu-Trp-Ala-D-Arg-NH2(M1855Bachem),分子量为9771 g/摩尔,在DMSO中的浓度为25μM;
2)测试缓冲液=50mM TRIS/100mM NaCl/10mM CaCl2·2H2O,用盐酸将pH调节至7.6;
3)酶=MMP8的催化域(92 Kda),在TRIS缓冲液中的浓度为0.055mg/ml。用冰浴将底物和酶的温度维持在0℃。
抑制测定:
总体积=1ml溶液,在比色杯中维持搅拌。
对照: 0.98ml DMSO
0.01ml DNP-底物
0.01ml 酶
测定: 0.98ml DMSO
0.01ml DNP-底物
0.01ml 酶
0.01ml抑制剂(10μg/ml)
在346nm波长处测定对照溶液(不含抑制剂)和含有抑制剂的溶液的荧光度。MMP8的催化活性被抑制就导致DNP-底物的键分解减少,结果使溶液的荧光度下降。
以下式表示抑制百分比:
%抑制=100-(rel.单位/时间含有抑制剂/rel.单位/时间对照×100)
通过在抑制剂的不同浓度下重复该实验,可确定IC50值。
“体内测试”是依据下述实验方案,测定抗鼠路易斯肺(Lewis Lung)(3LL)癌的活性。
在第0天,把肿瘤片段接种到雌性小鼠C57BL/6N的爪垫内。在第11天,将小鼠麻醉,通过手术在接近国肌跛行结(popliteale limph node)处把肿瘤取出。从手术后第1天到实验结束时的第22天,将本发明化合物腹膜内注射来治疗小鼠(手术治疗后,在第12-15天、18-22天)。所有化合物都是悬浮在0.5%的甲基纤维素中。测定肺转移物的平均数目和其平均体重。也检查本发明化合物在给药剂量下的毒性,以实验结束时死亡小鼠的数目/治疗小鼠的总数之比来评价。
表1中是本发明一个代表性化合物的实验数据。
表1-(手术治疗后,在第12-15天、18-22天)对爪垫移植的鼠路易斯肺(Lewis Lung)癌自发的肺转移的活性
与对照组小鼠相比,本发明化合物使肺转移物的数目和重量都有显著下降。
从中可清楚地发现,本发明化合物可用作抗肿瘤和抗转移剂来预防和/或控制哺乳动物的原发性和继发性治疗,也可用在慢性治疗中。
本发明化合物的给药剂量可以是0.01mg-0.4g/kg体重/天。为获得最佳结果,优选的剂量方案是,以约1mg-约50mg/kg体重/天的剂量给药,并采用单位剂量以能在24小时内将约70mg-约3.5g活性化合物对体重约为70kg的患者给药。可调节该剂量方案以获得最佳治疗效果。例如,可根据患者的治疗情况来确定具体给药剂量。活性化合物可通过口服、静脉内、肌内或皮下途径给药。
本发明药物组合物含有治疗有效量的至少一种本发明化合物和可药用赋形剂。
口服组合物通常含有惰性稀释剂或可食用载体。可将口服组合物装在明胶胶囊中或压制成片。其它口服给药剂型有胶囊、丸剂、酏剂、悬浮剂或糖浆剂。
片剂、丸剂、胶囊以及类似组合物可含有下述组分(除了活性化合物以外):粘合剂,例如微晶纤维素、黄蓍胶或明胶;赋形剂,例如淀粉或乳糖;崩解剂,例如海藻酸、primogel、玉米淀粉等;润滑剂,例如硬脂酸镁;流化剂,例如二氧化硅胶体;甜味剂,例如蔗糖或糖精;或调味剂,例如薄荷香料、水杨酸甲酯或橙香料。当所选的组合物是胶囊时,其还可以含有液体载体例如脂肪油。其它组合物可含有改变其物理形状的各种材料,例如包衣剂(对片剂和丸剂包衣)如糖和虫胶。用于制备本发明组合物的材料应当是药用纯的,并且在所用剂量下没有毒性。
为了制备非经胃肠道给药的药物组合物,活性组分可包含在溶液或悬浮液中,溶液和悬浮液还可以包含下述组分:无菌稀释剂,例如注射用水、盐水、油、聚乙二醇、甘油、丙二醇或其它合成溶剂;抗菌剂,例如苯甲醇;抗氧化剂,例如抗坏血酸或亚硫酸氢钠;螯合剂,例如乙二胺四乙酸;缓冲剂,例如乙酸盐、柠檬酸盐或磷酸盐;以及用于调节溶液张力的试剂,例如氯化钠或葡萄糖。可将非经胃肠道给药制剂装在安瓿、一次性注射器、玻璃瓶或塑料瓶中。
用下述实施例进一步阐明本发明。
实施例1 3-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]吡啶
将7g吲哚加到在氮气下保存并冷却至0℃的3-吡啶甲醛(3.2g)的21ml乙酸溶液中,然后再加入4ml乙酸。将该黄色混合物搅拌1小时,然后把反应混合物的温度升至室温。又经过3.5小时后,将反应混合物浓缩,把剩余物在100ml水和200ml乙酸乙酯间分配,加入30%的氢氧化铵将其碱化至pH为8-9。分离有机相,用75ml饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤。再用100ml乙酸乙酯萃取水相,合并有机萃取液,用硫酸钠干燥,并浓缩至干。用乙醇(110ml+85ml)将剩余物(11.7g)重结晶2次,在真空中于60℃干燥,获得了8.78g产物,熔点为113-115℃。1H-NMR in d6-DMSO:5.05ppm(s,1H);6.9ppm(m,4H);7.05ppm(t,2H);7.35ppm(m,5H);7.8ppm(m,1H);8.45ppm(m,1H);8.65ppm(m,1H);10.95ppm(s,2H).
实施例2
依据实施例1所述方法,用适当中间体为原料,制得了下述双吲哚化合物:
(1)3-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]吡啶,
1H-NMR in d6-DMSO:5.65ppm(s,1H);6.55ppm (d,2H);6.6ppm(s,2H);6.7ppm
(d,2H);7.1ppm(d,2H);7.25ppm(m,1H);7.6ppm(m,1H);8.35ppm(m,1H);8.5
ppm(s,2H);8.55ppm(m,1H);10.55ppm(s,2H);
(2)2-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]吡啶;
(3)4-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]吡啶;
(4)3-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]喹啉;
(5)2-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]喹啉;
(6)8-[二(5-甲基吲哚-3-基)甲基]喹啉;
(7)4-[二(5-甲氧基吲哚-3-基)甲基]异喹啉;
(8)2-[二(6-乙酰氧基吲哚-3-基)甲基]噻吩;
(9)2-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]噻吩;
(10)2-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]咪唑;
(11)2-[二(5-氟吲哚-3-基)甲基]咪唑;
(12)3-[二(6-氯吲哚-3-基)甲基]吡咯;
(13)2-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]呋喃;(14)5-甲基-2-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]呋喃;(15)5-甲基-2-[二(5-巯基吲哚-3-基)甲基]呋喃;(16)5-羟基甲基-2-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]呋喃;(17)8-羟基-2-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]喹啉;(18)8-羟基-2-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]喹啉;(19)8-羟基-2-[二(6-甲氧基羰基吲哚-3-基)甲基]喹啉;(20)6-(吡啶-2-基)-3-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]吡啶;(21)2-羧基-1-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;(22)3-羧基-4-羟基-1-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;(23)4-甲氧基羰基-1-[二(5-氨基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;(24)3,4-二羟基-1-[二(6-甲基氨基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;(25)2,3-二羟基-1-[二(6-二乙基氨基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;(26)2,3-二羟基-1-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;(27)3-羧基-1-[二(6-乙硫基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;(28)4-羧基-1-[二(5-溴吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;(29)3,4-二羟基-1-[二(5-异丙基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;(30)2-巯基-1-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;(31)3-羟基氨基羰基-1-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;(32)1-[二(5-碘吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯-3-膦酸;(33)2-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]乙酸;(34)2-[二(6-甲硫基吲哚-3-基)甲基]乙酸;(35)2-[二(5-正丁基吲哚-3-基)甲基]乙酸;(36)3-[二(6-甲氧基吲哚-3-基)甲基]丙酸;(37)3-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]丙-1-硫醇;(38)2-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]乙烷-1-膦酸;(39)2,2-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)]乙酸;(40)2-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]-1-氨基乙烷;(41)3-[二(6-乙基吲哚-3-基)甲基]-1-氨基丙烷;(42)2-[二(5-乙氧基羰基吲哚-3-基)甲基]-1-二甲基氨基乙烷;(43)2-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]乙烷-1-异羟肟酸;(44)2-[二(2-乙基吲哚-3-基)甲基]乙酸;(45)2,3-二羟基-1-[二(2-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;(46)2-[二(2-氨基吲哚-3-基)甲基]吡啶;(47)3-[二(2-甲基吲哚-3-基)甲基]喹啉;(48)1-[二(2-羟基甲基吲哚-3-基)甲基]异喹啉;(49)2-[二(2-异丙基吲哚-3-基)甲基]咪唑。
Claims (9)
其中:
-R和R’独立地选自氢、羟基、氯、溴、碘、氟、(C1-C6)烷基、(C1-C4)烷氧基、(C1-C4)酰氧基、氨基、一(C1-C4)烷基氨基、二(C1-C4)烷基氨基、-SH、(C1-C4)烷硫基、羧基、(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基;
-R1和R1’独立地选自氢、羟基、羟基甲基、氨基、羧基、(C1-C4)烷基;
-A是
-被至少一个选自羟基、羧基、-SH、-CONHOH或-PO3H2的基团取代的苯基或萘基,或者是
-含有一个或两个选自氧、氮或硫的杂原子的5元或6元杂环,所述杂环可任选地苯并稠合和/或被至少一个选自吡啶基、-SH、-PO3H2、羧基或-CONHOH的基团取代,或者是
-式-(CH2)n-X所示基团,其中n是0或整数1或2,且X选自-SH、-PO3H2、-CONHOH、羧基、氨基、一(C1-C4)烷基氨基、二(C1-C4)烷基氨基。
2.权利要求1的应用,其中所述化合物是3-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]吡啶或3-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]吡啶。
3.如权利要求1中通式(I)所述的化合物,但是下述化合物排除在外:
-其中R、R’、R1、R1’是氢、且A是吡啶基、2-呋喃基、2-噻吩基、羧基、甲氧基羰基、(C1-C4)烷氧基羰基甲基、2-羟基苯基、4-羟基苯基或3,4-二羟基苯基的式(I)化合物;
-其中R1、R1’是氢、R和R’是6-溴且A是氨基甲基的式(I)化合物;
-其中R1、R1’是氢、R和R’是5-氯、5-溴、5-羧基或5-甲氧基、且A是4-吡啶基的式(I)化合物;
-其中R、R’是氢、R1和R1’是甲基、且A是2-呋喃基、2-噻吩基或2-羟基苯基的式(I)化合物。
4.权利要求3的化合物,其中A选自吡啶基、咪唑-2-基、噻吩基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、吡咯基、呋喃基、5-甲基呋喃-2-基、5-羟基甲基呋喃-2-基、8-羟基喹啉-2-基、联吡啶基。
5.权利要求3的化合物,其中A选自2-羧基苯基、3-羧基-4-羟基苯基、4-甲氧基羰基苯基、3,4-二羟基苯基、2,3-二羟基苯基、3-羧基苯基、4-羧基苯基。
6.权利要求3-5的化合物,其中R1和R1’和/或R和R’是氢。
7.权利要求3-6的化合物,其中A是2-吡啶基、3-吡啶基或4-吡啶基。
8.权利要求3的化合物,其中所述化合物选自:
3-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]吡啶;
3-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]喹啉;
2-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]喹啉;
8-[二(5-甲基吲哚-3-基)甲基]喹啉;
4-[二(5-甲氧基吲哚-3-基)甲基]异喹啉;
2-[二(6-乙酰氧基吲哚-3-基)甲基]噻吩;
2-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]咪唑;
2-[二(5-氟吲哚-3-基)甲基]咪唑;
3-[二(6-氯吲哚-3-基)甲基]吡咯;
2-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]呋喃;
5-甲基-2-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]呋喃;
5-甲基-2-[二(5-巯基吲哚-3-基)甲基]呋喃;
5-羟基甲基-2-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]呋喃;
8-羟基-2-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]喹啉;
8-羟基-2-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]喹啉;
8-羟基-2-[二(6-甲氧基羰基吲哚-3-基)甲基]喹啉;
6-(吡啶-2-基)-3-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]吡啶;
2-羧基-1-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;
3-羧基-4-羟基-1-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;
4-甲氧基羰基-1-[二(5-氨基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;
3,4-二羟基-1-[二(6-甲基氨基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;
2,3-二羟基-1-[二(6-二乙基氨基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;
2,3-二羟基-1-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;
3-羧基-1-[二(6-乙硫基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;
4-羧基-1-[二(5-溴吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;
3,4-二羟基-1-[二(5-异丙基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;
2-巯基-1-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;
3-羟基氨基羰基-1-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;
1-[二(5-碘吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯-3-膦酸;
2-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]乙酸;
2-[二(6-甲硫基吲哚-3-基)甲基]乙酸;
2-[二(5-正丁基吲哚-3-基)甲基]乙酸;
3-[二(6-甲氧基吲哚-3-基)甲基]丙酸;
3-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]丙-1-硫醇;
2-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]乙烷-1-膦酸;
2,2-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)]乙酸;
2-[二(5-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]-1-氨基乙烷;
3-[二(6-乙基吲哚-3-基)甲基]-1-氨基丙烷;
2-[二(5-乙氧基羰基吲哚-3-基)甲基]-1-二甲基氨基乙烷;
2-[二(吲哚-3-基)甲基]乙烷-1-异羟肟酸;
2-[二(2-乙基吲哚-3-基)甲基]乙酸;
2,3-二羟基-1-[二(2-羟基吲哚-3-基)甲基]苯;
2-[二(2-氨基吲哚-3-基)甲基]吡啶;
3-[二(2-甲基吲哚-3-基)甲基]喹啉;
1-[二(2-羟基甲基吲哚-3-基)甲基]异喹啉;
2-[二(2-异丙基吲哚-3-基)甲基]咪唑。
9.含有有效量的至少一种如权利要求3-8所述的化合物和可药用赋形剂或稀释剂的药物组合物。
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CN100412058C (zh) * | 2005-05-12 | 2008-08-20 | 苏州大学 | 一种双吲哚烷基化合物的合成方法 |
CN103274987A (zh) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-09-04 | 华东师范大学 | 3,3-二取代氧化吲哚衍生物及其合成方法和应用 |
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WO2000002857A1 (en) * | 1998-07-08 | 2000-01-20 | Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, Inc. | Bis-indole derivatives and their use as antiinflammatory agents |
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ATE517086T1 (de) | 2005-11-30 | 2011-08-15 | Hoffmann La Roche | Verfahren zur synthese von 3-amino-1- arylpropylindolen |
EP1960355A1 (en) | 2005-11-30 | 2008-08-27 | F.Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | 3-amino-1-arylpropyl indoles and aza-substituted indoles |
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EP2670733B1 (en) | 2011-02-01 | 2019-04-10 | The Board of Trustees of the University of Illionis | N-hydroxybenzamide derivatives as hdac inhibitors and therapeutic methods using the same |
WO2014072714A1 (en) | 2012-11-07 | 2014-05-15 | Karus Therapeutics Ltd | Novel histone deacetylase inhibitors and their use in therapy |
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GB201419264D0 (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2014-12-10 | Karus Therapeutics Ltd | Compounds |
GB201419228D0 (en) | 2014-10-29 | 2014-12-10 | Karus Therapeutics Ltd | Compounds |
EP3883564A4 (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2022-07-27 | The University of the West Indies | CONNECTIONS AND USES THEREOF |
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US4866084A (en) * | 1987-07-17 | 1989-09-12 | Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution, Inc. | Topsentin compounds effective against viruses and certain tumors |
US5380746A (en) * | 1989-05-05 | 1995-01-10 | Goedecke Aktiengesellschaft | Bis-(1H-indol-3-YL)-maleinimide derivatives, processes for the preparation thereof and pharmaceutical compositions containing them |
GB9516943D0 (en) * | 1995-08-18 | 1995-10-18 | Cancer Soc Auckland Div Nz Inc | Novel cyclopropylindoles and their secoprecursors,and their use as prodrugs |
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1997
- 1997-06-25 EP EP97110336A patent/EP0887348A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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1998
- 1998-06-19 MA MA25125A patent/MA26513A1/fr unknown
- 1998-06-23 AU AU86295/98A patent/AU8629598A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-06-23 CN CN98808565A patent/CN1268134A/zh active Pending
- 1998-06-23 WO PCT/EP1998/003837 patent/WO1999000381A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-23 EP EP98937539A patent/EP0991645A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-06-23 KR KR1019997012300A patent/KR20010014215A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-23 JP JP50527199A patent/JP2002507206A/ja active Pending
- 1998-06-23 CA CA002294250A patent/CA2294250A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-06-23 BR BR9810947-2A patent/BR9810947A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-23 TR TR1999/03218T patent/TR199903218T2/xx unknown
- 1998-06-24 ZA ZA9805482A patent/ZA985482B/xx unknown
- 1998-06-24 AR ARP980103029A patent/AR016283A1/es unknown
- 1998-06-24 HR HR97110336.1A patent/HRP980357A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-06-25 CO CO98036361A patent/CO4940464A1/es unknown
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CN1332948C (zh) * | 2005-05-12 | 2007-08-22 | 苏州大学 | 双吲哚烷基衍生物的合成方法 |
CN100412058C (zh) * | 2005-05-12 | 2008-08-20 | 苏州大学 | 一种双吲哚烷基化合物的合成方法 |
CN103274987A (zh) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-09-04 | 华东师范大学 | 3,3-二取代氧化吲哚衍生物及其合成方法和应用 |
CN104030964A (zh) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-09-10 | 天津科技大学 | 双吲哚类化合物及合成方法 |
CN104030964B (zh) * | 2014-06-05 | 2016-06-29 | 天津科技大学 | 双吲哚类化合物及合成方法 |
CN107698658A (zh) * | 2015-06-23 | 2018-02-16 | 首都医科大学 | 双[3-(乙酰-Lys-AA-OBzl)-吲哚-2-基]乙烷,其制备,活性和应用 |
CN107698658B (zh) * | 2015-06-23 | 2021-02-12 | 首都医科大学 | 双[3-(乙酰-Lys-AA-OBzl)-吲哚-2-基]乙烷,其制备,活性和应用 |
CN111263635A (zh) * | 2017-08-10 | 2020-06-09 | 德克萨斯农业及机械体系综合大学 | Nr4a1配体、药物组合物以及相关使用方法 |
CN115484822A (zh) * | 2020-02-25 | 2022-12-16 | 得克萨斯农业及机械体系综合大学 | 用于治疗子宫内膜异位症的方法 |
Also Published As
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TR199903218T2 (xx) | 2000-07-21 |
HRP980357A2 (en) | 1999-02-28 |
AU8629598A (en) | 1999-01-19 |
CA2294250A1 (en) | 1999-01-07 |
JP2002507206A (ja) | 2002-03-05 |
EP0887348A1 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
AR016283A1 (es) | 2001-07-04 |
WO1999000381A1 (en) | 1999-01-07 |
KR20010014215A (ko) | 2001-02-26 |
MA26513A1 (fr) | 2004-12-20 |
ZA985482B (en) | 1999-12-24 |
CO4940464A1 (es) | 2000-07-24 |
EP0991645A1 (en) | 2000-04-12 |
BR9810947A (pt) | 2000-09-26 |
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