CN1248609C - 增加头发量的方法和组件 - Google Patents

增加头发量的方法和组件 Download PDF

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CN1248609C
CN1248609C CNB028114361A CN02811436A CN1248609C CN 1248609 C CN1248609 C CN 1248609C CN B028114361 A CNB028114361 A CN B028114361A CN 02811436 A CN02811436 A CN 02811436A CN 1248609 C CN1248609 C CN 1248609C
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hair
assembly
extension
retaining element
support belt
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CN1527675A (zh
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戴维·A·戈尔德
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Indorata Servicos e Gestao Ltda
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A41G5/00—Hair pieces, inserts, rolls, pads, or the like; Toupées
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种增加头发量或长度的方法，包括以下步骤：提供多个包括几根头发(3)的延伸部分(C)，头发(3)由一个固定元件(13)连接，所述延伸部分(C)排列成行并基本平行，并且固定元件(13)位于一个具有粘性面(11a)的支撑带(11)上；把支撑带(11)的粘性面(11a)粘在头部头发(T)上，并使延伸部分(C)就位；通过把固定元件(13)连在头部头发上，使延伸部分(C)与头发连接。本发明还提出一种在该方法中使用的组件(12)。

Description

增加头发量的方法和组件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种增加头发量的方法和一种在这种方法中使用的延伸头发的组件、以及生产这种组件的方法。
背景技术
人们已经知道各种增加头发量和使头发加长的系统。这些系统一般使用天然或人造的头发延伸部分，根据建议的应用方法，使用一些方法把这些延伸部分固定在头发上，这些方法决定了要求进行这种处理的使用者方面的接受和满意程度。
有助于提高这种处理的满意度的另一个方面是实施的速度。
已知的系统包括一个使延伸部分与使用者的头发连接的阶段。在该阶段中，延伸部分基本上可以缝合、粘接或扎结在使用者的头发上。但是，考虑到每个单个的延伸需要手工实施和准确性，这些延伸方法需要非常长的时间。
其它已知的在延伸部分和头发之间产生连接的方法要求使用一些外部元件，如卡环、梳子、发夹等。这些元件可以用于把较大尺寸的延伸部分连接在使用者的头发上，但是它的很大的缺点是连接可以很清楚地看见，并且被使用者感觉到，使使用者感到不舒服。
在其它的已知方法中，有些可以把较小尺寸的延伸部分连接在头发上。这些要求使用粘合剂和小的夹持元件等的方法有相当好的效果，但是这些方法在所有情况下都需要很长的操作时间，因为操作者必须连接每一个延伸部分，其中没有一个可以是较大的尺寸，否则使用者和观察者就可以看见连接。
文献JP03152205(Aderans Co.Ltd.)和其它以完善这种技术为基础的专利中描述了这种方法的一个例子。本发明的发明人发展了在ZA93/5214A或DE19626107C中描述的用于加长和加密头发的这种方法和连接。
这些文件描述了延伸元件和相关的实施方法，其中，使用一种热塑粘合剂把延伸部分固定在头发上。在这种情况下，该方法的实施显然是手工的，并且延伸部分与延伸部分之间可能是不均匀的。
因此，这些已知方法的强制手工实施导致一系列的问题。在第一种情况下，操作者必须要有这种技术的丰富经验和实践，才能够进行规则的连接，这种条件不是总能具备的。另外，除了经验以外，形成均匀的连接是非常困难的，连接会有很大的变化，因为连接不会沿头发延伸的线准确就位，因此质量和尺寸都会变化。
所有这些意味着最终的质量不会达到最佳，并更多地受到磨损，并且带有不可纠正的缺陷，并且由于实施的时间长且很难找到有经验的操作者而使成本增加。
类似的困难存在于使用施加到连接的粘合剂的方法中，如文献US4934387(Megna)中描述的方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种增加头发量的方法和一种用于这种方法的延伸组件，这种方法和组件克服了现有技术的上述缺陷。
该问题通过一种用于增加头发量或长度的组件得到解决，该组件包括：一个具有要被粘接到头部头发上的粘性面的可去除支撑带；多个头发延伸部分，所述头发延伸部分排列成行并平行，每个头发延伸部分在近端包括各自的固定元件，该固定元件起作用以将头发延伸部分固定到头部头发上，所述多个头发延伸部分的所述固定元件位于该可去除支撑带的所述粘性面上，用来在所述固定元件起作用之前将所述头发延伸部分保持在可去除支撑带上，所述可去除支撑带在所述固定元件起作用之后被从头部头发上去除。
解决问题的想法在于提供一种不需要手工参与的增加头发量的方法和组件，并且可以通过在一个步骤中施加几个延伸部分来批量地实施延伸部分。连接每个延伸部分的头发的固定元件一般称为接合件。
本发明方法的优点是：
由于只在一个步骤中把几个延伸部分固定在头发上，延伸部分的操作比已有的方法快得多。在传统的方法中，进行大约200个延伸部分的头发延伸过程至少需要两小时。对于同样数量的延伸部分，使用本发明的方法可以在十五分钟或更短的时间内完成。因此不仅成本降低，而且增加了顾客的舒适感。
该方法的实施要容易得多，因为不再需要用手指滚动接合件，因此不仅经过训练的专业人员可以实施本发明的方法，理发师经过简短的介绍也可以实施这种方法。发生错误的可能性最大程度地减少，结果的外观要好得多。这是由于以等距离规则地施加了接合件。另外，接合件完全是平的，因此不太看得见。头部头发不是象已有方法中那样从侧面拉进来以固定一个接合件，在已有方法中，把头发从自然下垂中拉出，使头发形成一个顶点在接合件中的小三角形。使用本发明的方法，头发基本保持平行，因此头部头发不受接合件的干扰，而保持自然形状。
本发明的另一个优点是可以使用较小的延伸部分，即与传统的方法相比，每个延伸部分包含更少量的头发。由于可以在一个合理的时间内施加更大量的延伸部分，因此可以使头发的分布更细致。用传统的方法不可能使用非常小的接合件，因为热容量会很小，因此接合件从加热装置取下后会在短时间内冷却，使得接合件变软变粘的时间太短，不能例如通过用手指滚动接合件来与头发建立适当的连接。
本发明的方法非常安全，因为即使使用加热装置熔化接合件或接合件上的热塑材料，也可以防止加热装置与头发或头部接触。另外，施加延伸部分时不再需要保护罩来保护顾客。
本发明的方法有两个主要的实施例。在第一个实施例中，连接装置位于接合件或固定元件上，连接装置用于把延伸部分固定在头发上。例如这种连接装置可以是一滴胶或热熔粘合剂。如果使用一种通过周围的空气起作用的胶，则延伸部分的施加就特别容易。在第二个实施例中，使用固定元件本身作为连接装置。在这种情况下，例如通过施加热能或超声波能量使固定元件本身变软，以便建立与头发的连接。
当通过加热装置施加延伸部分时，连接装置最好由一种加热时变软的热塑材料构成。连接装置冷却后，热塑材料固化，因此建立起可靠的连接。
可以用给连接装置施加超声波能量来代替直接加热。在这种情况下，热塑材料由于超声波产生的热和振动而变软。这种方法的优点是头发较少暴露在热中，因此该方法具有自动防止故障的能力。
根据本发明，该方法和延伸组件的主要优点在于，可以在一个简单的步骤内迅速施加大量的延伸部分，同时进行相应数量尺寸非常小的连接，因此使用者几乎看不见连接，也感觉不到连接。
在本发明的另一个变型中，延伸部分包括与头部头发颜色不同的头发。因此，比单一头发束被染成颜彩的传统方法更容易实现亮色或暗色。
在本发明的一个优选实施例中，固定元件由具有至少一些有不同熔点的塑性层的板构成。因此可以保证当用热或超声波能量进行处理时，只有部分固定元件变软。
附图说明
现在参照附图并根据作为非限定例子给出的优选实施例描述本发明，
附图如下：
图1为一个本发明的头发束组件的立体图；
图2-6用立体图示意性地示出本发明的增加头发量的方法的不同阶段，该方法使用了本发明的延伸组件；
图7-12示出制造上述图中组件的另外六个例子；
图13为本发明另一个实施例的细节的放大剖视图；
图14为本发明的方法所使用的一个夹持装置的立体图；
图15为图14的夹持装置，为了更好地理解其功能，某些部分被去掉。
具体实施方式
参照图1，根据实施本发明的一个原始的例子，一个延伸部分C的组件12由多个排列成行并且基本平行的延伸部分C组成，延伸部分C由一定量的基本预定的头发3组成，头发3可以是天然或人造的，具有适当选择的颜色，匀色的或有条纹的。
延伸部分C基本等距离分布。它们从各自用于与头部头发连接的近端向自由的远端延伸。延伸部分C和各自的头发3最好具有统一的长度。
组件12在每个延伸部分C上与前面所述的近端2一起包括一个由一种热塑材料制造的固定元件13，热塑材料例如是聚酰胺、聚酯，甚至是聚氨酯、例如尼龙。
为了把固定元件13连接在头发3的端部上，可以使用各种系统，包括热粘接、注射等，这些在现有技术中都是公知的。
固定元件13的形状为一个小矩形或盘形，其宽度(图中被夸大)基本等于或仅稍微大于延伸部分C的宽度。正如下面描述的，为了限制作为粘合剂的热塑材料的最小用量，厚度也是同样的情况。
组件12还包括一个带有一个粘性面4的透明材料制成的支撑带11，固定元件13位于粘性面4上。
形成支撑带11的材料最好但非唯一地由一种耐热材料制成。使用的粘合剂是一种用压力操作的、非永久性的可逆型胶。它在支撑带11上的粘着力大于在形成固定元件13的热塑材料上产生的粘着力，因此，支撑带11随后从该材料上的分离不会留下任何粘合剂的残余物。
为了便于组件12的生产和储存，可以用一个保护带14(图1)覆盖前面所述的粘性面4。
在该生产例子中，组件12由一些用于连接延伸部分C和头部头发T的装置组成，正如下面对头发延伸方法的描述中所示出的，连接装置由固定元件13本身构成。
支撑带11可以有一个确定的长度，并且带有一个预先确定数量的延伸部分C，或者可以具有一个不确定的长度，因此操作者可以剪掉一些部分，以选择所述数量的延伸部分C。
在所有情况下，操作者都可以通过剪掉支撑带11的一部分去掉一个或多个与正在进行的操作不相匹配的延伸部分。
在每个组件12中，延伸部分C可以有同样的长度、尺寸和颜色，但是也可以有不同的长度、颜色和尺寸，以产生比例的增加和复杂的色泽。
覆盖和保护带14也可以是粘性的和/或透明的，并且还可以由普通的硅酮涂层纸制成。
仍以该例子为基础，热塑材料可以是一种适于在室温以上熔化的物质，表现出塑性流体的特性，然后在室温下冷却并固化。
具有类似性质的物质可以用直接施加机械能的方法熔化，机械能的形式为高频振动，特别是超声波振动。在这种情况下，分子之间的振动和导致的摩擦产生使分子互相塑性移动需要的热量。振动停止时热的产生停止，导致几乎立即固化。
可以用来作为热塑材料的物质的例子有聚酯、聚酰胺、聚氨酯等。
本发明的固定元件13的作用是把每个延伸部分C中的头发保持在一起，并且提供延伸部分C与要延伸的头部头发T的连接点。
固定元件13的其它例子包括一些盘形或球形的塑料元件，延伸部分的头发固定在这些盘形或球形上。这些固定元件13与连接装置结合，例如连接装置由一种已经描述的热塑材料或胶和/或其它性质的粘合剂构成，其它性质为：压力固化、高温固化、热收缩等。下面将描述这些例子。
固定元件13的颜色可以与延伸部分C的头发近似，也可以用附加的装饰元件进行装饰，例如假钻石等。
上面描述的固定元件和它们的变型都适用于下面描述的头发延伸方法。
参照图2-6，使用上述组件的延伸方法按照下面的步骤进行。
准备好延伸组件，如果有保护带14，则去掉保护带14。在这种设置中，延伸部分C按顺序排列；可以把支撑带11粘在要延伸的头部头发T上。操作者可以利用支撑带11的粘性面和它的透明性检查在正在延伸的头发上产生的效果，然后把支撑带固定就位。使用者也可以通过镜子检查效果。
因此，一旦决定了支撑带11和延伸部分C的位置，就可进行下一个阶段，在该阶段中使固定元件13与使用者的头部头发连接。在该阶段，操作者使上面描述的连接装置起作用。
该实施例中使用了热塑材料的熔化特性。实际上是通过支撑带11给固定元件施加能量。参照图3，使用了一个带有两个加压元件16的夹持装置15，加压元件16足够长，可以沿着支撑带11的整个长度施加一个均匀的压力，挤压固定元件13。
在该情况下，可以使用至少两个把能量传递给固定元件13的系统。第一个是施加热量。为了该目的，使用一个或更多电阻给加压元件16适当加热。
在这种情况下，热量从一侧穿过支撑带11传递，并且从另一侧直接传递给固定元件13。如前所述，支撑带11是耐热的，因此与热的加压元件16接触时不会变形，也不会降解。
第二个系统使用超声波振动频率形式的机械能，例如频率范围在20到60kHz之间。在这种情况下，一个或两个加压元件与一个振动体、例如一个承受所需频率的交流电流的压电元件进行连接，并且加压元件直接和通过支撑带11把该振动传递给固定元件13。
在这种情况下，需要指出的是，振动的施加使热塑材料的固定元件13的分子很容易在延伸部分C的单个头发与头部头发T之间流动，深入到它们之间，并且把它们连结在一起。
还需要指出的是，由于分子本身在头发周围的细微层中分布的有效性，只需要很少量的热塑材料进行固定。
另外，当振动停止时，没有任何热源就立即固化，并且熔化的热塑材料不可能落在头发之间或使用者的头部，这些都是重要的附加优点。
在所有情况下，支撑带11的存在及它与固定元件13一起挤压头发意味着热塑材料保持在位置中，并且形成尺寸非常小的连接。
另外，支撑带11的存在意味着不需要附加的覆盖来保护使用者。一旦该连接阶段完成，就可以取下支撑带11，以完成操作，头发上不会留下任何胶(图5)。
在固定元件不是由热塑材料制成的情况下，用上面描述的系统使连接装置起作用。
在连接装置由一些按顺序排列在一个适当带子上的热塑材料部分组成的情况下，热塑材料用于与它们各自的延伸部分C连接的固定元件13连接，可以在带有延伸部分C的支撑带11已经在使用者的头上就位后再施加上述带子。
操作者可以很容易地把固定元件13重叠在热塑材料上，这样便于使可根据需要取下或贴上的带子就位。
一旦带子就位，带子就可以由夹持装置15挤压在一起，使带子处于被加热或振动的加压元件16之间。
在所有情况下，两个带子含有热塑材料，热塑材料粘在固定元件上，并且与使用者的头发混合，使延伸部分C与头部头发T连接。
固定元件和热塑材料部分的尺寸可以根据需要减小，而不会对正在与头发连接的组件12的延伸部分的容量有明显的影响。
上面给出的应用方法的考虑和变型可以用于如图7-12所示的组件的例子，这些图示出组件12的一个单一的部分，该部分是重复的。
参照图7描述一个组件12，其中固定元件13由一个非粘性、非热塑性但是耐热和耐振动材料、如普通塑料的刚性或半刚性盘构成。盘只是一个例子，固定元件可以是一个任何适当形状的板。可以用各种系统使固定元件13和各自的近端2连成一体，如夹住头发的一对半元件的粘接(胶粘或熔化)，或者通过注射工艺把粘合剂加入到端部2中。
在第二个实施方法中，元件13粘在支撑带的粘性面14上，连接装置用一定量20的胶或直接加在元件13的暴露表面21上的热塑性物质表示。
参照图8，组件12的第三个例子提出一个与上面例子类似的元件，该元件在第四和第五个例子中重复。产生组件12的第二和第三个例子被上面描述的方法采用，其中，用热和振动使各自量20、22的热塑物质熔化。一种在室温下为半流体和/或塑性、且在加热后固化的热固性材料可基本上替代这种物质。
第四个生产例子(图9)有一定量的胶23位于盘形固定元件13上，胶例如为通过压力和热起作用或暴露在空气中时固化的胶，如一种双组分的树脂。在后一种情况下，一个防止胶与大气中的氧接触的保护层24保护固定元件13。因此正如将要指出的，使用胶意味着不再需要使用热和振动，操作设备和压力装置用于使支撑带11和延伸部分C就位。
参照图10，第五个例子提出使用一个如前面例子描述的固定元件和一个由一个粘接元件25构成的连接装置，粘接元件25按顺序分布在保护带14上，粘接元件为胶、热塑性或类似物质。在这种情况下，保护带14帮助施加延伸部分C，并且在连接头发和延伸部分之前加在头部头发T上。在胶通过空气起作用的情况下，建议使用一个补充的保护层。
在图11和12的第六和第七个例子中，固定元件13由一对半元件13a、13b组成，它们适于附着在头部头发T上，并且夹住头发。最后，半元件将包括一个用于保持住这些头发的空腔26。一个半元件13a固定在延伸部分C的近端，而另一个半元件13b按顺序位于保护带14上，并且按照前一个例子中的方法使用。
连接装置由一种热塑物质或胶28构成，特别是双组分的胶或类似的物质，热塑物质或胶28受到一个适当的保护层29的保护。
在图13的实施例中，固定元件13由两层30和31组成。第一层30固定在支撑带11的粘性面4上。头发3夹在第一层30与第二层31之间。第二层31的熔点比第一层30低，因此施加热能或超声波能时只有第二层31变软，以便建立与头部头发的连接。固定元件13之间的距离d可以适当选择为1-3毫米。固定元件13的宽度b为同样的数量级。
组件可以通过把延伸部分固定在支撑带上进行手工生产，但是最好用机械生产。
图14、15示出一个本发明方法中使用的夹持装置15的优选实施例。夹持装置15包括一个手柄50，两个夹片46、47从手柄50伸出。第一个夹片46有一个凹槽48，一个加压元件49位于凹槽48中。固定夹片47有一个弹性材料制成的接触表面40，以便使所有延伸部分得到均匀的压力。
可以通过蛇形热电阻41给加压元件49加热，以便使连接装置起作用。加压元件49由一个杆43带动，杆43与一个齿轮42啮合，齿轮42由一个电机44带动。加压元件49可相对杆43转动，以便可以适应具有不同厚度的延伸部分。另外，加压元件也可以由液压或气动缸体驱动。
加压元件49的运动可以由一个启动按钮控制。热电阻41的温度、加压元件49施加的压力以及其它参数受一个与夹持装置15连接的可编程控制装置的控制。
从这些描述可看出，这种头发延伸方法不要求操作者方面的任何手工操作，并且能够形成尺寸非常小的延伸部分与头发的连接，这是由于存在至少一个带子，加压元件包含能够进行连接的材料。产生的连接非常精细，带有几乎察觉不到的精致边缘。唯一的手工参与是操作用于产生连接的装置。
因为热塑材料和延伸部分的头发必须用力包围头部头发，并产生一个连接点，连接点的体积不能减小到一定的限度以下，因此连接的尺寸不是无关紧要的。例如，在上面所述的日本专利中，延伸部分的头发必须缠绕在头发的周围，因此产生一个有很大体积的连接。
根据本发明，连接点的体积只取决于挤压在延伸部分中的头发量，延伸部分越细微，连接也越细微。
因此，手工操作的省去使得能形成均匀的连接。它们的最佳质量防止了例如由于水或类似东西的渗入而断开。
还可以用该系统把延伸部分藏在头发内。由于能够互相等距离地施加延伸部分，因此可以在延伸部分之间增加补充的延伸部分，所以可以在很短的时间内得到致密的延伸部分，并且通过与使用者的头发颜色不同的延伸部分的混合产生复杂的色泽。
这种方法减少了使用的热塑材料量和用于激活的能量，没有热损失，也没有设备和连接装置的污染。
另外，正如可以体会到的，由于能够使用许多应用变型，上面描述的延伸方法和有关的延伸组件可以使专业操作者最大程度地利用他们的想象。
除了上面描述的给头发增加延伸部分的方法和用于上述方法中的延伸组件、以及生产这种组件的方法以外，本领域的技术人员可以进行许多额外的改进和变化，以满足附加和补充的要求，所有这些都包括在所附权利要求限定的本发明的保护范围内。
特别是，本领域的技术人员知道，固定元件13的形状可以与图中有所不同，并且这些元件的宽度可以与延伸部分C的宽度相同或者稍大。另外，支撑带11上的延伸部分C之间的距离可以适当地选择。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于增加头发量或长度的组件(12)，其特征在于该组件包括：
—一个具有要被粘接到头部头发上的粘性面(4)的可去除支撑带(11)；
—多个头发延伸部分(C)，所述头发延伸部分(C)排列成行并平行，每个头发延伸部分在近端包括各自的固定元件(13)，该固定元件起作用以将头发延伸部分固定到头部头发(T)上，
所述多个头发延伸部分的所述固定元件被定位在该可去除支撑带的所述粘性面上，用来在所述固定元件起作用之前将所述头发延伸部分保持在可去除支撑带上，所述可去除支撑带在所述固定元件起作用之后被从头部头发上去除。
2.如权利要求1所述的组件(12)，其特征在于，所述支撑带(11)是透明的。
3.如权利要求1所述的组件(12)，其特征在于，固定元件(13)由热塑材料制成。
4.如权利要求3所述的组件(12)，其特征在于，热塑材料由聚酯和/或聚酰胺和/或聚氨酯制成。
5.如权利要求1所述的组件(12)，其特征在于，在所述支撑带(11)上设有一个保护带(14)，在支撑带(11)粘到头部头发(T)上之前，将保护带去掉。
6.如权利要求1所述的组件(12)，其特征在于，支撑带(11)是耐热的。
7.如权利要求1所述的组件(12)，其特征在于，固定元件(13)包括装饰元件。
8.如权利要求1所述的组件(12)，其特征在于，支撑带(11)的粘性面(4)基于一种通过压力进行操作的、非永久性的可逆型粘合剂，并且它在支撑带(11)上的粘着力大于在固定元件(13)的热塑材料上产生的粘着力。
9.如权利要求1所述的组件(12)，其特征在于，连接装置(22，23，25，27，28)包括一种粘性物质，这种粘性物质包括一种热塑材料、热固性材料、热起动胶或通过暴露在空气中起作用的胶。
10.如权利要求1所述的组件(12)，其特征在于，固定元件(13)沿一条直线布置在支撑带(11)上，互相之间有间距。
11.如权利要求1所述的组件(12)，其特征在于，延伸部分(C)的头发的颜色与头部头发(T)不同。
12.如权利要求1所述的组件(12)，其特征在于，固定元件(13)由具有至少一些有不同熔点的塑性层的板组成。
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