CN1239321C - 印刷花纹和压花花纹一致的长尺寸地板装饰材料 - Google Patents
印刷花纹和压花花纹一致的长尺寸地板装饰材料 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种从上而下由表面层(10)、现成层(1)及下部层(20)组成的连续薄层的长尺寸形态的PVC地板材料,其特征在于,所述表面层(10)从上而下包括表面处理层(15)、珍珠墨水层(14)、同步压花(13)、氯乙烯树脂层的透明薄层(12)及印刷层(11),现成层(1)使用玻璃纤维薄层,而下部层(20)从上而下包括氯乙烯薄层的沉淀层(21)、发泡层(22)或非发泡层(23)及织物层(24)。对于本发明的地板装饰材料,使用凹凸压花滚轧机达到印刷花纹和压花花纹的一致而形成立体外观效果,并实现天然的真实感及深浅感、高级感。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及长尺寸乙烯地板装饰材料,其可实现同步的印刷花纹和压花花纹达到立体外观效果,实现自然(树、石头、织物等)的真实感、深浅感、高级感;在其表面层构成上,该地板装饰材料使压花凹凸纹与印刷层的重要花纹达到一致同时传印珍珠墨水(pearl ink),实现双重印刷效果的深浅感和珍珠(pearl)的朦胧感、与印刷花纹一致的压花花纹的立体感及真实感、高级感的立体外观。
背景技术
通常使用的长尺寸地板装饰材料是在印刷后形成氯乙烯透明层而形成不定形压花,不仅外观单调且表现立体感时有限度。
在现有技术中,为了避免这种单调感和拥有立体感,韩国专利公开号第93-23190号记载了一种形成立体花纹的方法,其中使印刷层含有发泡剂而突出印刷花纹表现其立体外观效果。在应用此项技术的现有地板材料中,含有发泡剂的印刷层形成印刷花纹,使用添加有发泡促进剂或发泡抑制剂的墨水,将形成印刷花纹的印刷层由发泡灶(oven)中通过,使只有含发泡促进剂或发泡抑制剂的印刷部分促进或抵制发泡而达到立体外观效果。
但上述地板材料由于其上部的印刷层由发泡物构成,使表面层对刺、划痕、受压等防范能力差而导致使用于步行频繁的场所时有困难;另外,由于形成不细腻的圆形(round)的压花花纹,使得表现细腻的立体外观效果时受到限制。
另一现有技术是韩国实用新型公报公开号第95-9019号。在此记载的地板材料中,在印刷层用压花滚轧机(roller)形成凹凸形花纹并在凹凸形花纹灌满墨水后,在其上面印刷所定的印刷花纹,在其上部形成透明层而达到立体效果。
但上述地板材料的印刷花纹和压花花纹不一致,在压花花纹里灌满的墨水和印刷花纹正好层压,影响了立体感和真实感。另外,在形成压花花纹的印刷层全面涂布墨水,除凹面浸满外其它部分的墨水应除去,这时候的墨水去除工程烦琐且作业效率低。
另外,现有的制品中除了长尺寸地板装饰材料的拼块型(piece type)地板材料(例如瓷砖)为了表现立体外观效果,为了形成与特征部位的印刷花纹一致的压花花纹,使用雕刻有与特征部位的印刷花纹一致的凹凸压花的金属材质的平板,由此来形成立体感。但这种方式适用于平板压花而仅限于拼块型制品的生产,无法适用于连续制造的长尺寸乙烯地板材料。再者,生产力低且费用提高,比起长尺寸制品来讲不仅施工困难而且消耗更多的劳动力和时间。
为了解决上述问题同时形成更细腻的立体感,虽然试图在长尺寸乙烯地板材料上用凹凸压花滚轧机使印刷花纹和压花花纹一致,然而形成压花花纹时产生的热和张力引起印刷层的印刷花纹拉长,导致印刷花纹和压花花纹无法吻合。
发明内容
本发明考虑上述(细腻的立体感、印刷深浅感、生产性、费用、施工性、表面内构成)问题,提供一种长尺寸地板材料,对于其表面层(10)的构成,用与印刷层(11)的特征花纹一致的凹凸压花滚轧机层压透明薄层(12)于印刷层的上部,使印刷层的特征花纹和压花滚轧机的凹凸花纹一致(以下称长尺寸同步压花方法),在凹凸压花滚轧机的凸部位沾染珍珠墨水,在形成压花花纹同时直接传印珍珠墨水(以下称Valley印刷方法)而实现了双重印刷效果的深浅感、珍珠(Pearl)的朦胧感、与印刷花纹一致的压花花纹的立体感及真实感、高级感的立体外观。
对于长尺寸乙烯地板材料,使印刷花纹和压花滚轧机的凹凸花纹一致的,即现有的同步压花作业时,随着形成压花花纹时产生的热以及用于圆端进行的张力,使印刷层的印刷花纹变形而无法与压花花纹稳合。但本发明为了解决这个问题提供了一种长尺寸地板装饰材料,直接使用了防水加强材的玻璃纤维薄层使印刷花纹的变形最小化,又设定了供应于定速同步压花滚轧机的适当热条件的范围(140~180℃)及张力(30~120kg f/cm2),使压花滚轧机与作业速度相同,或快或慢地滚动达到印刷花纹和压花花纹一致,同时在凹凸压花滚轧机的凸部位沾染珍珠墨水使得在形成压花花纹的同时直接传印珍珠墨水,而达到印刷的深浅感及真实感、珍珠的朦胧感、压花花纹的细腻感、立体感。
附图说明
图1为本发明之一个实施例的地板装饰材料的断面图,
图2为本发明之另一个实施例的地板装饰材料的断面图。
附图主要部分符号的说明
1:现成层(玻璃纤维薄层) 10:表面层
11:印刷层 12:透明薄层
13:同步压花 14:珍珠墨水层
15:表面处理层 16:透明添补层
20:下部层 21:沉淀层
22:发泡层 23:非发泡层
24:织物层
具体实施方式
以下根据本发明的长尺寸地板装饰材料的附图进行详细说明。
图1为本发明之一个实施例的地板装饰材料的断面图,从上而下形成表面层(10)、现成层(1)、下部层(20)。
上述的表面层(10)及下部层(20)可以细分为:表面层(10)从上而下由表面处理层(15)、珍珠墨水层(14)、同步压花(13)、透明薄层(12)、印刷层(11)层压而成,现成层(1)则是层压玻璃纤维薄层而形成的。下部层(20)由上而下由氯乙烯树脂层的沉淀层(21)、发泡层(22)或非发泡层(23)、织物层(24)组成。
首先对现成层(1)进行说明。
现成层(1)由于是玻璃纤维薄层,施工后的地板材料拥有防水安全性,为了使同步压花形成时印刷花纹的变形最小化,使用将玻璃纤维和纸浆(pulp)与粘合剂(binder)适当配合而成的薄层,用氯乙烯溶胶(sol)浸渍后凝胶而成。
再对表面层(10)的珍珠墨水层(14)和同步压花(13)进行说明。
为了表面双重印刷效果带来的深浅感、珍珠(pearl)的朦胧感、与印刷花纹一致的压花花纹的立体感及真实感、高级感的立体外观,利用同步压花方法和VALLEY方法形成与印刷花纹一致的同步压花花纹(13)的珍珠墨水层(14)。
这时使用的珍珠墨水是在投入珍珠颜料(黄色、银色、金色、桔红色、白色、紫色等)、聚乙烯乙酸酯、丙烯酸、水、酒精及添加剂后用高速混合机(mixer)搅拌而成。
再对表面处理层(15)进行说明。
表面处理是为了制品表面拥有耐污染性、耐划痕、耐磨性、耐旧性等物理属性,涂布聚氨脂丙烯酸合成系树脂,进行紫外线硬化而形成表面处理层(15)。
对下部层(20)进行说明。
为了拥有地板装饰材料的基本性能之保温性、施工便利性、柔软感、吸音、防音及防振等多样性能,下部层(20)是通过层压氯乙烯薄层的沉淀层(21)、发泡层(22)或非发泡层(23)及聚酯纤维织制的织物层(24)而成的。
如图1所述的地板装饰材料的制造过程如下;
首先将现成层(1)的玻璃纤维薄层浸渍于氯乙烯溶胶后在150~170℃的加热鼓(heating drum)上凝胶化,由此制造玻璃纤维薄层(1),在其上部进行凹版印刷(gravure)或传印形成印刷层(11)。
之后,预热氯乙烯树脂层的透明薄层(12)至150~170℃,利用同步压花滚轧机层压在印刷层(11)上面。
这时凹凸压花滚轧机的凸部位沾染珍珠(pearl)墨水,在层压印刷层(11)和透明薄层(12)时,形成与印刷层(11)的重要花纹一致的同步压花花纹(13),并同时直接传印形成珍珠墨水层(14)。
之后,为了拥有地板装饰材料的基本机能的保温性、施工便利性、柔软感、吸音、防音及防振等多样性能,层压氯乙烯薄层的沉淀层(21)、发泡层(22)或非发泡层(23)及聚脂纤维织制的织物层(24),形成下部层(20)。
层压是将预热至150~170℃温度的各层利用热量层积形成,织物层(24)是使用氯乙烯溶胶层压在发泡层(22)的相反面。这时使用的织物是为了增加施工后相反面的高级感及施工时的稳定姓。
将这样形成的下部层(20)在180-250℃的发泡灶(OVEN)中发泡发泡层后,层压在玻璃纤维薄层(1)的下面。
最后为了使透明薄层(12)及珍珠墨水层(14)上部具有耐污染性、耐划痕、耐磨性,涂布聚氨酯丙烯酸合成系树脂进行紫外线硬化形成表面处理层(15),从而结束制造过程。
图2是本发明另一个实施例的地板装饰材料断面图,其中对于图1的地板装饰材料的表面层(10),同步压花(13)凹部位利用多样素材添补后,形成表面处理层(15),达到表面平滑且随时看得见同步压花的构造。这时添补凹槽的素材有透明的氯乙烯溶胶或尿烷系树脂、丙烯酸系树脂、乙烯基树脂等。
以下通过实施例详细说明。
实施例
除了玻璃纤维薄层(1)及织物层(24)其它层是用压延(calendering)工艺制作而成。
1、将玻璃纤维薄片(60g/m2)浸渍PVC溶胶,用160℃的加热鼓(heating drum)进行凝胶,由此制造玻璃纤维薄层(1)。
2、玻璃纤维薄层(1)上进行印刷形成印刷层(11)。
3、在印刷层(11)上用砑光机(calender)在170~180℃下层压具有如表1所示成份及含量的透明薄层(12),该透明薄层(12)用160℃的加热鼓(heating drum)预热,进行简易层压后再次用160℃的加热鼓预热,维持表面温度为160℃、压力为30~120kgf/cm2,同步压花用压花滚轧机施加5kgf/cm2的压力层压同时形成同步压花花纹(13)。
4、这时在同步压花滚轧机的凸部位沾染由珍珠颜料、聚乙烯乙酸酯、丙烯酸、水酒精制造而成的珍珠墨水,在形成花纹的同时传印珍珠墨水,由此形成珍珠墨水层(14)。
5、用砑光机(calender)在170~180℃压延制造(rolling)具有表1所示成份及含量的沉淀层(21)、发泡层(22),在发泡层(22)的下部涂布氯乙烯溶胶时用160℃的加热灶(heating drum)预热各层后,与织物层(24)一起,借助于层压用压花滚轧机以5kgf/cm的压力层压各层,再由230℃的发泡灶(oven)中通过,制造下部层(20)。
6、上述5中由发泡灶(oven)中通过的下部层(20)和上述4制成的表面层(10)用160℃的加热鼓(heating drum)预热各层后,使用层压用压花滚轧机,用5kgf/cm2的压力层压现成层(1)的反面和下部层(20)。
之后,在同步压花(13)的上部涂抹聚氨酯丙烯基合成系树脂进行紫外线硬化,形成20μm的薄膜表面处理层(15),制造本发明的长尺寸地板装饰材料。
本实施例使用的树脂组合物的成份及含量参照以下表1。
组分 | 成份 | 含量 |
氯乙烯溶胶 | PVC树脂(中合度:1200)可塑剂:DOP2次可塑剂:EPOXY稳定剂:LOX808D(韩国大协) | 1009022 |
透明薄层 | PVC树脂(中合度:1000)可塑剂:DOP2次可塑剂:EPOXY稳定剂:LX310K(韩国大协) | 1003332 |
沉淀层 | PVC树脂(中合度:1000)可塑剂:DOP填充剂:CaCO3稳定剂:BC530(松原产业) | 10050802 |
发泡层 | PVC树脂(中合度:1000)可塑剂:DOP填充剂:CaCO3发泡剂:PMA50(锦洋)稳定剂:KBZ248(KOLON) | 100504572 |
根据本发明可以达到以下效果。长尺寸地板装饰材料的表面层(10)利用同步压花方法及Valley印刷工艺,在形成与印刷花纹一致的压花花纹的同时,形成珍珠墨水层(14),实现了两重印刷效果带来的深浅感、珍珠(pearl)的朦胧感、与印刷花纹一致的压花花纹的立体感及真实感、高级感的表面内构成优秀的立体外观地板装饰材料。
另外,本发明的长尺寸地板装饰材料解决了拼块型制品(例如瓷砖)的生产性低下而带来的费用提高、施工时施工困难而带来的人工费和消费时间增加的问题。
Claims (6)
1、一种从上而下由表面层(10)、现成层(1)及下部层(20)组成的连续薄层的长尺寸形态的PVC地板材料,其特征在于,所述表面层(10)从上而下包括表面处理层(15)、珍珠墨水层(14)、同步压花(13)、氯乙烯树脂层的透明薄层(12)及印刷层(11),现成层(1)使用玻璃纤维薄层,而下部层(20)从上而下包括氯乙烯薄层的沉淀层(21)、发泡层(22)或非发泡层(23)及织物层(24)。
2、如权利要求1所述的长尺寸地板装饰材料,其特征在于,在上述表面处理层(15)和上述珍珠墨水层(14)之间包括透明添补层(16)。
3、如权利要求书1或2所述的长尺寸地板装饰材料,其特征在于,透明薄层(12)层压在印刷层(11)的上部,与印刷层(11)的印刷花纹一致的凹凸形状的同步压花(13)形成在透明薄层(12)的上部。
4、如权利要求书3所述的长尺地板装饰材料,其特征在于,珍珠墨水层(14)形成在同步压花(13)的凹部中。
5、如权利要求书1或2所述的长尺寸地板装饰材料,其特征在于,使用于珍珠墨水层中的珍珠墨水是使用珍珠颜料、聚乙烯乙酸酯、丙烯酸、水、酒精及添加剂制造而成的。
6、如权利要求书2所述的长尺寸地板装饰材料,其特征在于,使用于透明添补层中的材料选自于氯乙烯溶胶、尿烷系树脂、丙烯酸系树脂、乙烯基树脂中的一种以上。
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