CN1228111C - 多种材料的高尔夫球棒头 - Google Patents
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Abstract
公开了一种有一球棒头(42)的高尔夫球棒(40),该球棒头包括一表面件(60)和一后壳体(61)。该表面件(60)包括一击球板部(72)和一转折部(74)。该后壳体(61)由一冠部(62)、一跟部(64)和一任选围带部(90)构成。表面件(60)由金属材料制成,后壳体(61)由非金属材料如复合材料或热塑材料制成。该击球板部(72)的宽高比最好小于1.7。该击球板部(72)最好包括厚度变化的同心区,其中中心区(102)最厚。该球棒头(42)的体积为300~600立方厘米,重量为165~300克,击球板部(72)的表面积为4.00~7.50平方英寸。该高尔夫球棒头(42)的回弹系数大于0.81。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高尔夫球棒头,该球棒头包括一由金属材料制成的表面件和一由轻型材料制成的后壳体。确切说,本发明涉及一种高尔夫球棒头,该球棒头包括一由薄锻造金属材料制成用于击球时把能量更有效地传给高尔夫球的表面件和一控制质量分布的非金属后壳体。
背景技术
当高尔夫球棒头击球时,球棒头表面和高尔夫球受到很大冲击。大多数能量从球棒头传给高尔夫球,但有一部分能量由于该碰撞而损耗。高尔夫球一般由围绕一橡胶类球芯的聚合材料(例如离聚物)构成。这些柔软聚合材料具有的决定于应变和应变率的阻尼特性(损耗)是在比金属球棒面的阻尼特性大10~100倍级别上。因此,与金属球棒面的微小变形(0.025~0.05英寸[0.0635~0.127厘米])相反,由于该高尔夫球的高应力和变形(0.001~0.20英寸[0.00254~0.508厘米]),碰撞过程中损失大部分能量。从球棒头到高尔夫球的能量传递越有效,高尔夫的飞行距离越长。
一般采用的方法是提高球棒头表面的刚性,以减小金属或球棒头的变形。但这造成高尔夫球的变形加大,从而使得能量传递问题更严重。
人们已认识到这一问题并公开了可能解决办法。一个例子是Campau的美国专利No.4,398,965“一种制造具有柔性冲击表面的铁制高尔夫球棒的方法”,该专利公开的高尔夫球棒有一带有狭槽的柔性和弹性面板以便允许该面板挠曲。Campau的面板用铁类材料如不锈钢制成,厚0.1~0.125英寸(0.254~0.32厘米)。
另一个例子是Eggiman的美国专利No.5,863,261“一种具有弹性变形表面和背板的高尔夫球棒头”,该专利使用许多板,这些板互相配合,击球时在高尔夫球上产生弹簧效应。位于至少两块板之间的流体用作粘滞耦合器。
另一个例子是Jepson等人的美国专利No.3,937,474“一种具有聚氨酯衬垫的高尔夫球棒”。Jepson公开了肖氏D级硬度为40~75的聚氨酯衬垫。
另一个例子是Inamori的美国专利No.3,975,023“一种具有陶瓷面板的高尔夫球棒”,该专利使用一用具有高传能系数的陶瓷材料制成的面板,尽管陶瓷材料通常较硬。Chen等人的美国专利No.5,743,813“一种高尔夫球棒头”在该表面使用多层材料吸收高尔夫球的冲击。该材料之一为非金属材料。
Lu的美国专利No.5,499,814“一种具有偏转衬垫面板的中空高尔夫球棒”公开了一种用塑料或铝合金制成、使得面板可微微偏转的加固件,面板厚0.01-0.30英寸(0.025~0.76厘米),用多种材料制成,包括不锈钢、钛、KEVLAR_等。Campau的另一个发明、美国专利No.3,989,248“一种具有可弹性挠曲的衬垫的高尔夫球棒”公开了一种具有一金属衬垫的木制球棒。
尽管并非为了挠曲面板,Viste的美国专利No.5,282,624公开的高尔夫球棒头的面板用厚度为3mm的锻造不锈钢制成。Anderson的美国专利No.5,344,140“一种高尔夫球棒头及其生产方法”也使用锻造材料制造面板。Anderson的面板可由若干锻造材料制成,包括钢、铜和钛。该锻造板的厚度均匀,为0.090~0.130英寸0.228~0.33(厘米)。
在球棒头中使用锻造材料的另一个发明为Su等人的美国专利No.5,776,011“一种高尔夫球棒头”。Su公开的球棒头由三片锻造材料构成。Su的主要目的是提高球棒头的高击角精度并减少结构上的弱点。Aizawa的美国专利No.5,346,216“高尔夫球棒头”公开了一种具有弧形击球面的面板。
Vincent等人的美国专利No.6,146,571公开了高尔夫球棒头的一种制作方法,在该方法中,各壁由塑料之类材料注射在一贴在一可熔化芯上的衬垫上而成。该芯的熔点比该可注射塑料低,因此除去该芯后保持内部体积面形成内腔。该衬垫可包括一在除去该芯后加固该壳体前壁内部的阻尼件,该加固件用铝制成,其横向伸出部用钢制成。
Peters等人的美国专利No.6,149,534公开的高尔夫球棒头包括沿单个交界平面形成的上和下金属接合表面,其中,下表面的金属比上表面重、密度大。
Rigal等人的美国专利No.5,570,886和5,547,427公开的由热塑材料模制而成的高尔夫球棒头,该棒头有一由一防冲击金属密封件限定的击球面。该密封件限定球棒头击球面的前壁并沿该击球面的侧面向上延伸,形成一把球杆装到球棒头上的颈部。该密封件的厚度为2.5~5mm。
Vincent等人的美国专利No.5,425,538公开的空心高尔夫球棒头包括一钢壳和一由若干织造纤维网相叠而成的复合击球面。
Viollaz等人的美国专利No.5,377,986公开的高尔夫球棒头包括一由一系列金属板构成的主体和一由塑料或复合材料制成的击球板,该击球板呈向前凸起形。此外,Viollaz等人的美国专利No.5,310,185公开的空心高尔夫球棒头包括一由一系列金属板构成的主体,一位于前部击球面上的金属支撑板,一由塑料或复合材料制成的击球板装在该击球面上。金属支撑板的向前凸起前板与击球板的向前凸起后板相联,从而形成向前凸起击球面。
Desboilles等人的美国专利No.5,106,094公开的高尔夫球棒头包括一金属击球面板,该击球面板为一装在该高尔夫球棒头上的独立部件,球棒头内部有一定数量的填充材料。
Kurahashi的美国专利No.4,568,088公开了一种用木头-塑料复合材料的混合物加固的木制高尔夫球棒头。该木头-塑料复合材料的分布不均匀,使得在5~15mm范围内的高密度位于接近球棒头前面旁并与之平行延伸。
在Mader的美国专利No.4,021,047公开的高尔夫球棒头中,底板、面板、后部、前部和球杆插口部由单一铸造金属制成;一木头或复合材料的冠部装在该单一铸造金属上,从而在该球棒头中形成一空腔。
Lo等人的美国专利No.5,624,331公开的空心高尔夫球棒头的金属壳体包括至少两个开口。球棒头中有复合材料,一部分复合材料位于高尔夫球棒头壳体的开口中。
在Daniel的美国专利No.1,167,387公开的空心高尔夫球棒头中,壳体由铝合金之类金属制成,面板由榉木、柿子树之类硬木制成。该面板对齐使得木纹在击球板上呈纵向。
Glover的美国专利No.3,692,306公开的高尔夫球棒头包括一支架,底部和击球板与该支架制成一体。至少一板中埋置一用来紧固一活动可调配重装置的细长形管子。
Lo的美国专利No.5,410,798公开了一种复合高尔夫球棒头制作方法,该方法使用一金属壳体,一层压件插入该金属壳体上。然后用一张复合材料铺在层压件和金属壳体的开口上盖住层压件和金属壳体的顶部开口。然后一可膨胀袋插入该含有亚硝酸钠、氯化铵和水的空心层压件中,使得该层压件在把球棒头放入一模具中加热时与金属壳体连成一体。
Thompson的美国专利No.4,877,249公开的木制高尔夫球棒头使用层压顶面和有一龙骨的金属底面。为了加固各层、防止主体在与一非常硬的物体碰撞时各层剥离,一螺栓穿过球棒头冠部,此处其在后部与底板相连,然后紧固螺栓压缩各层。
Belmont的美国专利No.3,897,066公开的一种木制高尔夫球棒头包括可卸下地插入的配重调节件。这些配重调节件与从球棒头的表面部延伸到后部的一中心垂直轴线平行,与冠部到前部的轴线垂直。这些配重调节件可用充填聚氨酯树脂的胶囊保持就位,聚氨酯树脂也用来制作面板。这些胶囊在球棒头的后面上有带盖开口,以便调节该配重装置。
Clark的美国专利No.2,750,194公开了一种具有配重调节装置的木制高尔夫球棒头。该球棒头包括一有边和底面的盘形件,该盘形件用来支撑最好与后板铸造或形成一体的配重调节件。其上装有配重件的底板从一开口插入该高尔夫球棒头中。
Okumoto等人的美国专利No.5,193,811公开了一种主要由合成树脂和金属底板构成的木制球棒头主体。金属底板在其与球棒头主体粘合的表面上具有制成一体的部件,包括后部上的球杆插口、前部上的配重和一连接配重与插口的梁。此外,Okumoto等人的美国专利No.5,516,107公开的一种高尔夫球棒头包括一最好由合成树脂制成的外壳和位于球棒头内表面上的金属配重件。发泡材料注入球棒头空心内部形成芯部。一旦注入发泡材料和装上底板就加热球棒头,使得发泡材料膨胀,通过把配重件推入外壳内表面把配重件保持在前部、后部和/或背面区的凹座中。
Sun的美国专利No.4,872,685公开了一种木制高尔夫球棒头,其中,一凹部件与一凸部件配合形成整个高尔夫球棒头。凹部件包括高尔夫球棒头的顶部、最好由塑料、合金或木头制成。凸部件包括底板的结构部,一表面插入物由击球板和配重件构成。凸部件的重量更重,最好由轻金属合金制成。这两个部件粘合在一起或用机械装置配合或保持在一起。
Katayama的美国专利No.5,398,935公开了一种有一击球面的木制高尔夫球棒头,其中,击球面在球棒头底端的高度几乎等于或大于其在球棒头中心处的高度。
Mattern的美国专利No.1,780,625公开的球棒头的后部由镁之类轻型金属制成。Butchart的美国专利No.1,638,916公开的高尔夫球棒头包括由柿子树或类似木材制成的平衡件和装在该平衡件上的铝制壳体。
由美国高尔夫球联合会(USGA)和圣安德鲁皇家和古老高尔夫球俱乐部确立、解释的高尔夫球规则对高尔夫球棒头提出了一些要求。对高尔夫球棒头的要求见规则4和附录II。对高尔夫球规则的完整说明可从USGA网页
www.usga.org上得到。尽管高尔夫球规则未明确规定高尔夫球棒头击球面的参数,但规则4-1e禁止击球面如弹簧那样击打高尔夫球。1998年,USGA根据测量球棒头击球面COR的规则4-1e采用一测试程序。可用该测试程序以及类似程序测量球棒头击球面COR。
尽管现有技术公开了各种多材料球棒头,但现有技术未能提供具有高回弹系数、适合于普通高尔夫球手使用的多材料高尔夫球棒头。
发明内容
本发明提供一种具有高回弹系数的高尔夫球棒头以便对于一定的击球前球棒头速度提高高尔夫球击球后速度。本发明为此使用一由金属材料制成的表面件和小宽高比(接近1.0)和大面积的一击球板。该表面件装在一由复合材料、热塑材料或极轻金属材料制成的后壳体上。
本发明的一个方面为一由一金属表面件和轻型后壳体构成的高尔夫球棒头,在由比方说USGA规定的测试条件下其回弹系数至少为0.83。测量回弹系数的该USGA标准条件见USGA的USGA Procedurefor Measuring the Velocity Ratio of a Club Head for Conformanceto Rule 4-1e,Appendix II,Revision I,August 4,1998 andRevision 0,July 6,1998。
本发明的另一个方面为一有一表面件的高尔夫球棒头,其击球板的宽高比不大于1.7。宽高比为击球面的宽度与高度之比。球棒头击球面的宽高比通常稍大于1.7。例如,Callaway Golf Company ofCarlsbad,California的原GREAT BIG BERTHA_球棒的宽高比为1.9。如下详述,本发明球棒头击球板的宽高比减小可提高柔韧性,从而回弹系数增加。
本发明的另一个方面为一高尔夫球棒头,包括一由金属材料制成的表面件和一后壳体。该表面件包括一击球板部和一转折部。该击球板部的厚度为0.010~0.250英寸(0.025~0.64厘米)。该转折部的厚度为0.010~0.200英寸(0.025~0.508厘米)。该后壳体包括一冠部、一底部和一带状部。该后壳体装在表面件的转折部上。该高尔夫球棒头的回弹系数为0.81~0.94,和该高尔夫球棒头的体积为300~600立方厘米,其特征在于,该表面件的转折部从击球板部的周边向内延伸的距离为0.5~2.54厘米(0.2~1.0英寸),并且该后壳体由复合材料制成并且该后壳体连接到该表面件的转折部上。
在另一实施例中,击球板部最好厚0.055~0.125英寸(0.14~0.32厘米),更好厚0.060~0.0110英寸(0.152~0.028厘米)。表面件最好由钛、钛合金、钢、钢合金或非晶金属制成。击球板部的宽高比最好不大于1.7。击球板部最好包括厚度变动的同心区,其中中心区最厚。转折部最好厚0.020~0.150英寸(0.5~0.38厘米)。该高尔夫球棒头的体积最好为300~600立方厘米。该高尔夫球棒头围绕Izz轴线的转动惯量最好大于3000克-平方厘米。
本发明的另一个方面为一种高尔夫球棒头,包括一由金属材料制成的表面件和一由多层聚酯胶片构成的后壳体。该表面件包括一击球板部和一转折部。该后壳体包括一冠部、一底部和一带状部。该后壳体装在表面件的转折部上。该高尔夫球棒头围绕穿过重心的Izz轴线的转动惯量大于3000克-平方厘米,并且围绕穿过重心的Iyy轴线的转动惯量大于1800克-平方厘米。
本发明的另一个方面为一种高尔夫球棒头,包括一由锻造金属材料制成的表面件和一由多层聚酯胶片构成的后壳体。该表面件包括一击球板部和一转折部。该击球板部有一外表面和一内表面。该击球板部从该高尔夫球棒头的跟部延伸到前部。该转折部从该击球板部的周边横向向里延伸。该高尔夫球棒头还有一供球杆插入的内管。该内管与转折部的顶部和底部连接。该后壳体包括一冠部、一带状部和一底部。该冠部在离击球板部周边至少0.50英寸(1.27厘米)距离处装在转折部的顶部上。该底部在离击球板部周边至少0.50英寸(1.27厘米)距离处装在转折部的底部上。
本发明的另一个方面为一种高尔夫球棒头,包括一由金属材料制成的表面件和一由多层聚酯胶片构成的后壳体。该高尔夫球棒头的体积为400~525立方厘米,质量为175~225克。
本发明的另一个方面为一种高尔夫球棒头,包括一由锻造钛合金材料制成的表面件和一由多层聚酯胶片构成的后壳体。该表面件包括一击球板部和一转折部。该击球板部最好包括厚度变动的同心区,其中中心区最厚。该击球板部从该高尔夫球棒头的跟部延伸到前部,其宽高比不大于1.7。该转折部从击球板部的周边横向向里延伸至少0.5英寸(1.27厘米)。该转折部横向向里延伸在击球板部周边的360°上。该高尔夫球棒头还有一供球杆插入的内管。该内管与转折部的顶部和底部连接。该后壳体厚0.010~0.100英寸(0.025~0.254厘米)。该后壳体包括一冠部、一带状部和一底部。该冠部装在转折部的顶部上。该底部装在转折部的底部上。该带状部的跟端装在转折部的跟部上。该带状部的前端装在转折部的前部上。该高尔夫球棒头有一空心内部,其体积为300~600立方厘米,质量为175~225克,回弹系数为0.81~0.94。
在简要说明本发明后,本领域普通技术人员从以下结合附图的详细说明中可清楚看出本发明的上述和其他目的、特征和优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明高尔夫球棒头的正视图。
图1A为示出宽高比的测量的本发明高尔夫球棒头的正视图。
图2为图1高尔夫球棒头的后视图。
图3为图1高尔夫球棒头前部一侧视图。
图4为图1高尔夫球棒头跟部一侧视图。
图5为图1高尔夫球棒头的俯视图。
图6为图1高尔夫球棒头的仰视图。
图7为本发明高尔夫球棒头的分解图。
图8为沿图5中8-8线剖取的剖面图。
图9为沿图5中9-9线剖取的剖面图,示出本发明高尔夫球棒头的球杆插口。
图10为本发明高尔夫球棒头跟部一侧视图,示出Z轴和X轴。
图10A为本发明高尔夫球棒头的正视图,示出Z轴和Y轴。
图11为本发明高尔夫球棒头的正视图,示出测试坐标系XT和YT以及经变换的球棒头坐标系YH和ZH。
图11A为本发明高尔夫球棒头前端视图,示出测试坐标系ZT以及经变换的球棒头坐标系XH和ZH。
图12为本发明高尔夫球棒头的正视图,示出击球板的厚度变动。
图12A为本发明另一高尔夫球棒头的正视图,示出击球板的厚度变动。
图13为沿图12中13-13线剖取的剖面图,示出击球板的厚度变动。
具体实施方式
本发明针对具有高回弹系数从而提高用本发明高尔夫球棒头击打的高尔夫球的飞行距离的高尔夫球棒头。回弹系数(也称为“COR”)用下式确定:
其中,U1为球棒头击球前速度;U2为高尔夫球击球前速度,该速度为0;γ1为高尔夫球与球棒头击球面分开一刹那球棒头速度;γ2为高尔夫球与球棒头击球面分开一刹那高尔夫球速度;e为高尔夫球与击球面之间的回弹系数。在该系统不另加能量的情况下e的值为0~1.0。软土或油灰之类的材料的回弹系数几乎为0,而变形不适成能量损耗的全弹性材料的e值为1.0。本发明球棒头在通常测试条件下测得的回弹系数为0.81~0.94。
如图1~5所示,一高尔夫球棒总的用标号40表示。该高尔夫球棒40有一高尔夫球棒头42,该球棒头有一未示出的空心内部。一球杆48与球棒头42连接,球杆的底端52有一未示出的把手50,并在顶端56处插入一插口54中。
球棒头42由表面件60和后壳体61这两个部件构成。后壳体61包括一冠部62和一底部64。球棒头42也可划分成一最接近球杆48的跟部66、一与跟部66相对的前部68和一与表面件60相对的后部70。
表面件60最好由单件金属构成并最好由锻造金属材料制成。该锻造金属材料最好为锻造钛材料。但是,本领域普通技术人员不难看出,在本发明范围和精神内表面件也可由其他材料如钢、非晶金属、琉态金属、陶瓷、复合材料、碳、碳纤维和其他纤维材料制成。此外,表面件60可用铸造、成形、机加工、粉末金属成形、金属注入成形等工艺制成。表面件60一般包括一击球板部(也称为面板)72和一从击球板部72周边横向向里延伸的转折部74。击球板部72上有许多刻痕线75。
在一优选实施例中,转折部74一般包括一顶横向部76、一底横向部78、一跟横向部80和一前横向部82。因此,转折部74围绕击球板部72整个360°。但是,本领域普通技术人员不难看出,转折部74也可只围绕小部分击球板部72,例如270°或180°。
顶横向部76向后壳体61向里延伸预定距离d后与冠部62连接。在一优选实施例中,从击球板部72周边73到顶横向部76后边缘的该预定距离为0.2~1.0英寸(0.5~2.54厘米),更好为0.40~0.70英寸(1.016~1.778厘米),最好为0.5英寸(1.27厘米)。击球板部74的周边73定义为表面件60从一与击球板部72大致平行的平面过渡到一与击球板部72大致垂直的平面的拐点。按照本发明,表面件60沿一大致水平面与冠部62连接。冠部62具有位于转折部74底下的冠下部62a。这种连接提高了击球板部72的柔性,从而提高回弹系数。冠部62与顶横向部76的连接下文详述。跟横向部80与击球板部72大致垂直,跟横向部80在与一任选带状部90和后壳体61的底部64的底部91连接前盖住插口54。如下文详述,跟横向部80装在底部64的带状部90和底部91上。跟横向部80从周边73向里延伸一距离d”。
表面件60的另一端是前横向部82。如下详述,前横向部82装在底部64的带状部90和底部91上。前横向部82从周边73向里延伸一距离d”’。
底横向部78向后壳体61向里延伸预定距离d’与底部64连接。在一优选实施例中,从击球板部72周边73到底横向部78边缘的该预定距离为0.2~1.0英寸(0.5~2.54厘米),更好为0.40~0.70英寸(1.016~1.778厘米),最好为0.5英寸(1.27厘米)。这种连接提高了击球板部72的柔性,从而提高回弹系数。底部64在转折部74底下有一咬边64a。底部64与底横向部78的相互连接下文详述。
后壳体61最好由非金属材料,最好是复合材料或热塑材料制成。但是,在一实施例中,后壳体61由重量非常轻的金属如铝、镁或锡制成。后壳体61最好用球胆模塑、树脂转移模塑、树脂注入、注射成形、压缩模塑之类工艺制成。在一优选实施例中,其转折部74内表面上有一粘合薄膜的表面件60置于一具有后壳体61预型件的模具中进行球胆模塑。转折部74放置并配合在咬边62a和64a内。此外,粘合薄膜也可设置在咬边62a和64a上。在该模具中对放置在该预型件和表面件60空心内部的球胆加压、加热。该共模塑过程把后壳体61紧固在表面件60上。后壳体61也可用粘胶粘合在表面件60上或用机械方法紧固在转折部74上。
后壳体61的冠部62一般向底部64凸起并在与表面件60连接部位的外部与底部64的带状部90连接。冠部62的厚度为0.010~0.100英寸(0.025~0.254厘米),优选为0.025~0.070英寸(0.064~0.178厘米),更好为0.028~0.040英寸(0.071~0.01厘米),最好为0.030英寸(0.076厘米)。包括底部91和与底部91大致垂直的任选带状部90的底部64的厚度为0.010~0.100英寸(0.025~0.254厘米),优选为0.025~0.070英寸(0.064~0.178厘米),更好为0.028~0.040英寸(0.071~0.01厘米),最好为0.030英寸(0.076厘米)。在一优选实施例中,后壳体由多层、一般为6层或7层聚酯胶片构成,例如参见作为参考材料包括在此的美国专利No.6,248,025“复合高尔夫棒头及其制造方法”。底部91一般向冠部62凸起。后壳体61的底部64可有一供底板95安装其上的凹座93。底板95最好由轻型金属如铝制成。或者,底板95也可用耐用塑料制成。底板95上可有表明该球棒牌子和高击角度的图案。
图8~9示出本发明球棒头42的空心内部46。插口54作为表面件60的一部分位于空心内部46中。插口54的制作材料可与表面件60相同,最好用焊接之类工艺紧固在表面件60上。插口54也可在表面件60的形成过程中形成。插口54的空心内部118由一形成从孔59到底板64的斜管的插口壁120限定。在一优选实施例中,插口壁120不与跟横向部80连接,从而在插口壁120与跟横向部80之间留出一空间115。球杆48装在一位于插口54中的插口衬垫121中。这一插口衬垫121和插口54参见同在审理中、申请日为2000年8月31日的美国专利申请No.09/652,491“具有插口衬垫的高尔夫棒头”,其有关部分作为参考材料包括在此。此外,插口54位于击球板部72后方,使得击球板部72在击打高尔夫球时显得柔韧。在一实施例中,插口54位于击球板部72后方0.125英寸(0.32厘米)处。
一任选配重件122位于球棒头42的空心内部46中。在一优选实施例中,该配重件122位于底部64的带状部90的内表面上,以提高转动惯量和控制该高尔夫球棒40的重心。但是,本领域普通技术人员不难看出,为了影响该高尔夫球棒40的重心、转动惯量或其他固有特性,配重件122和另外的配重件122也可设置在球棒头42的其他部位上。配重件122最好为用加钨的薄膜、掺钨聚合物或比方说作为参考材料包括在此、同在审理中、申请日为1999年12月29日的美国专利申请No.09/474,688“一种且有整体配重条的复合高尔夫球棒头”所述配重机构。本领域普通技术人员不难看出,在本发明范围和精神内任选配重件也可使用其他高密度材料。
图12、12A和13示出具有不同击球板部72厚度的本发明实施例。击球板部72最好分成厚度不同的各椭圆形区。在表面件60由钛或钛合金制成的一优选实施例中,中心椭圆形区102最厚,为0.110-0.090英寸(0.279~0.228厘米),更好为0.103~0.093英寸(0.262~0.236厘米),最好为0.095英寸(0.241厘米)。第一同心区104的厚度其次,为0.097~0.082英寸(0.246~0.208厘米),更好为0.090~0.082英寸(0.228~0.208厘米),最好为0.086英寸(0.218厘米)。第二同心区106的厚度又其次,为0.094~0.070英寸(0.238~0.178厘米),最好为0.078~0.070英寸(0.198~0.178厘米),更好为0.074英寸(0.188厘米)。第三同心区108的厚度更其次,为0.090~0.07英寸(0.228~0.178厘米)。周边区110的厚度再其次,为0.069~0.061英寸(0.175~0.155厘米)。周边区包括前周边区110a和跟周边区110b。当表面件60由钢或钢合金制成时,中心椭圆形区102的厚度约为0.060英寸(0.152厘米),各同心区与钛表面件60的同心区一样变薄。击球板部72的厚度的变动使得最大厚度分布在击球板部72的中心111,从而提高击球板部72的柔性,这与高尔夫球的能量损耗减小和回弹系数提高相对应。
如上所述,表面件60最好用金属棒料锻造而成。制作表面件的一优选锻造工艺参见作为参考材料包括在此、同在审理中、申请日为2000年4月13日的美国专利申请No.09,548,531“一种处理高尔夫球棒头击球板的方法”。表面件60也可用熔融金属使用公知的熔模造型法之类方法铸造而成。锻造或铸造金属在锻造时最好使用钛或钛合金如α-β钛或β钛,在铸造时最好使用6-4钛。该金属也可为不锈钢或其他公知钢如高强度钢合金。表面件60还可使用非晶金属合金制作。此外,表面件60可用琉态金属如铁-硼、镍-铜、镍-锆、镍-磷等制成。本领域普通技术人员不难看出,在本发明范围和精神内表面件也可使用其他金属。
表面件60也可用金属板成形、金属板超塑料成形、固态金属块机加工等方法制成。
对于给定高尔夫球,本发明高尔夫球棒头42在USGA标准测试条件下的回弹系数约为0.81~0.94,更好为0.83~0.883,最好为0.87。
此外,表面件60的击球板部72的宽高比比现有技术面板的宽高比小。如图1A所示,本文使用的宽高比定义为该表面的宽度“w”除以高度“h”。在一实施例中,宽度w为78mm,高度h为48mm,因此宽高比为1.625。在现有高尔夫球棒头中,宽高比通常大于1。例如,原GREAT BIG BERTHA_球棒的宽高比为1.9。本发明击球板部72的宽高比不大于1.7。本发明的宽高比最好为1.0~1.7。一实施例的宽高比为1.3。本发明击球板部72比现有面板更圆。本发明击球板部72的表面积为4.00~7.50平方英寸(25.8~48.4平方厘米),更好为4.95~5.1平方英寸(31.9~32.9平方厘米),最好为4.99~5.06平方英寸(32.2~32.6平方厘米)。
本发明球棒头42在大致保持与现有球棒头相同重量的情况下其体积比现有球棒头大。本发明球棒头42的体积为300~600方厘米,最好为350~510方厘米。本发明球棒头42的重量为165~225克,更好为175~205克,最好为190~200克。球棒头42从击球板部72到冠部62后部的深度最好为3.0~4.5英寸(7.62~11.43厘米)。球棒头42处于击球位置时测量的高度“H”为2.0~3.5英寸(5.08~8.89厘米),最好为2.24英寸(5.69厘米)。球棒头42从前部68到跟部66的宽度“W”为4.0~5.0英寸(10.16~12.7厘米),最好为4.6英寸(11.68厘米)。
图10和10A示出穿过该高尔夫球棒头重心的惯量轴。这些惯量轴表示为X、Y和Z。X轴从击球板部72穿过重心CG到球棒头42的后部。Y轴从高尔夫球棒头42的前部68穿过重心CG到跟部66。Z轴从冠部62穿过重心CG到底部64。
如Ralph Maltby的“高尔夫球棒的设计、安装、改动和修理”,第四版所定义,高尔夫球棒头的重心或质心为球棒头内部的一点,该点由球棒头悬挂、取得平衡时两点或多点的垂直相交线确定。对该重心定义的详细解释见“高尔夫球棒的设计、安装、改动和修理”。
高尔夫球棒头42的重心和转动惯量最好使用测试坐标系(XT,YT,ZT)测量后变换到图11和11A所示球棒头坐标系(XH,YH,ZH)。可使用其上有两座秤的一重心台得出高尔夫球棒头的重心,参见作为参考材料包括在此、同在审理中、申请日为2001年2月27日的美国专利申请No.09/796,951“复合高尔夫球棒头的高惯性力矩”。如有球杆,就把球杆卸下,代之以一插口立方体,该立方体有多个与高尔夫球棒头各轴垂直的表面。在高尔夫球棒头的重量给定的情况下,当把高尔夫球棒头同时置于两秤上沿某一方向即X、Y或Z方向称重时可确定高尔夫球棒头的重量分布。这两个秤与地球重力平行,以便计算各方向上的重量分布,得出重心位置,其中:
WAO,WBO:无球棒头(夹具)的重量;以及
WAH,WBH:有球棒头的重量
X轴位置由下式确定:
∑MA=0=(WBH-WBO)l-rW
约束条件:
Y轴位置由下式确定:
∑MA=0=(WBH-WBO)l-rW
约束条件:
Z轴位置由下式确定:
∑MA=
o=(WBH-WBO)l-rW
约束条件:
测试坐标系一旦确定,使用下式把它们变换到球棒头坐标系:
XH cg=ZT cg
YH cg=Xcgcos(∝lie)+Ycgsin(∝lie)-dz/tan(∝lie)
ZH cg=Xcgsin(∝lie)+Ycgcos(∝lie)+dz
或
转动惯量用Inertia Dynamic Moment of Inertia机测量。该机器有一长方形板,其上有相间距0.5英寸(1.27厘米)的适配器孔。该长方形板装在该机器上以便在其上振动。高尔夫球棒头20放置在长方形板上后用该机器测量振动周期。振动周期与高尔夫球棒头围绕该机器转动轴线的转动惯量直接有关,事实上,该机器只有一个自由度,用一扭簧产生复原力。
通过改变高尔夫球棒头在该板上的安装方向,可测得一轴的所需转动惯量。生成一惯性张量需要9个不同方向,由于所测转动惯量包括板和适配器,因此测量该初始设定的原始转动惯量需要另外进行9次测量。高尔夫球棒头的转动惯量为用高尔夫球棒头、适配器和板以及该机器的内部转动质量进行的测量与只有适配器和板以及该机器的内部转动质量进行的测量之间的差值。对于用高尔夫球棒头进行的9次测量,各高尔夫球棒头的方向不变,在长方形板上的位置决定于高尔夫球棒头的重心。没有高尔夫球棒头的9次测量对于该适配器方向和位置是相同的。该机器有一重心和转动惯量程序用来计算长方形板上的适配器孔使重心最靠近转动轴线,从而减小误差。该程序使用平行轴线定理计算不含有高尔夫球棒头的重心的转动轴线。这生成一围绕重心的惯性张量,然后用该惯性张量可算出高尔夫球棒头围绕任一轴线的转动惯量。
表1
球棒头 | 体积 | 质量 | 球棒头 | 配重件 | COR | 材料 | 工艺 |
质量 | 质量 | ||||||
例1 | 430cc | 270g | 197g | 73g | 0.85 | 钛6-4 | 铸造 |
例2 | 510cc | 285g | 200g | 85g | 0.896 | 钛10-2-3 | 锻造 |
例3 | 510cc | 285g | 201g | 84g | 0.884 | Aermet钢 | 锻造 |
表2
球棒头 | Ixx | Iyy | Izz | Ixy | Ixz | Iyz |
例1 | 2800 | 2545 | 4283 | 197 | 7 | 128 |
例2 | 3232 | 2631 | 4263 | 230 | -116 | 246 |
例3 | 3181 | 2663 | 4243 | 68 | -142 | 246 |
表1列出高尔夫球棒头42的体积、总重量、没有配重件的球棒头重量、配重件122的质量、使用USGA标准测试条件的从0~1的回弹系数(“COR”)、表面件的材料、表面件60的制作工艺。例1高尔夫球棒头42体积为430立方厘米,重270克。表面件60由钛6-4铸造而成。后壳体61由许多聚酯胶片构成。该高尔夫球棒头42的高击角为11°,球棒头与球杆之间的角度为54°。鼓起半径为11英寸(27.94厘米),滚动半径为10英寸(25.4厘米)。例1球棒头的垂直距离“h”为2.09英寸(5.31厘米),距离“w”为3.46英寸(8.79厘米)。例2高尔夫球棒头42体积为510立方厘米,重285克。表面件60由钛10-2-3锻造而成。后壳体61由许多聚酯胶片构成。鼓起半径为11英寸(27.94厘米),滚动半径为10英寸(25.4厘米)。例3高尔夫球棒头42体积为510立方厘米,重285克。表面件60由高强度钢aermet钢锻造而成。后壳体61由许多聚酯胶片构成。该高尔夫球棒头42的高击角为9°,球棒头与球杆之间的角度为54°。鼓起半径为11英寸(27.94厘米),滚动半径为10英寸(25.4厘米)。例3球棒头的垂直距离“h”为2.43英寸(6.17厘米),距离“w”为3.56英寸(9.04厘米)。
表2列出表1高尔夫球棒头42各例的转动惯量。转动惯量的单位为克-平方厘米(g-cm2)。在例1中,重心在X方向上位于0.901英寸(2.29厘米)处,在Y方向上位于0.696英寸(1.77厘米)处,在Z方向上位于1.043英寸(2.65厘米)处。在例3中,重心在X方向上位于0.645英寸(1.65厘米)处,在Y方向上位于0.645英寸(1.65厘米)处,在Z方向上位于1.307英寸(3.32厘米)处。
一般来说,本发明高尔夫球棒头围绕Z轴的转动惯量Izz为2800~5000克-平方厘米,更好为3000~4500克-平方厘米,最好为3500~4000克-平方厘米。本发明高尔夫球棒头围绕Y轴的转动惯量Iyy为1500~2750克-平方厘米,更好为1800~2100克-平方厘米,最好为1900~2050克-平方厘米。
本发明高尔夫球棒头42使用该厚度比、宽高比和面积提高给定高尔夫球在由1998-1999年高尔夫规则附录II、规则4-1e规定的USGA测试条件的测试条件下测得的COR。因此,与弹簧不同,在该系统不增加能量的情况下本发明提高击球板部72的柔韧性来减小击球时的能量损耗。
从以上说明本领域普通技术人员不难看出本发明的优越之处以及,尽管以上结合附图所示一优选实施例和其他实施例说明了本发明,但在不受上述说明限制而只受后附权利要求限制的本发明范围和精神内可作出种种变型、改型和等同物的替代。因此,所要求的专有权或特权的本发明实施例在后附权利要求中规定。
Claims (10)
1.一种木制高尔夫球棒头,包括表面件和后壳体,所述表面件由金属材料制成,该表面件具有击球板部和一转折部,该击球板部厚0.025~0.64厘米,该后壳体包括一冠部、一底部和一带状部,其中,该高尔夫球棒头的回弹系数为0.81~0.94,和该高尔夫球棒头的体积为300~600立方厘米,其特征在于,该表面件的转折部从击球板部的周边向内延伸的距离为0.5~2.54厘米,并且该后壳体由复合材料制成并且该后壳体连接到该表面件的转折部上。
2.如权利要求1所述的木制高尔夫球棒头,其特征在于,该击球板部厚0.14~0.32厘米。
3.如权利要求1所述的木制高尔夫球棒头,其特征在于,该击球板部厚0.025~0.254厘米。
4.如权利要求1所述的木制高尔夫球棒头,其特征在于,该表面件由一种由钛、钛合金、钢或钢合金组成的一组中选出的材料构成。
5.如权利要求1所述的木制高尔夫球棒头,其特征在于,该击球板部的宽高比不大于1.7。
6.如权利要求1所述的木制高尔夫球棒头,其特征在于,该击球板部具有厚度变化的同心区,其最厚区域大约在该中心。
7.如权利要求1所述的木制高尔夫球棒头,其特征在于,该击球板部包括一具有基本厚度的中心圆形区、一具有第一厚度的第一同心区、一具有第二厚度的第二同心区、一具有第三厚度的第三同心区和一具有第四厚度的周边区,其中该基本厚度大于该第一厚度,该第一厚度大于该第二厚度,该第二厚度大于该第三厚度,该第四厚度小于该第三厚度。
8.如权利要求1所述的高尔夫球棒头,其特征在于,该转折部包括包括一顶横向部和一底横向部。
9.如权利要求1所述的高尔夫球棒头,其特征在于,该高尔夫球的该转折部包括一跟横向部和一前横向部。
10.如权利要求1所述的高尔夫球棒头,其特征在于,围绕Izz轴线的转动惯量大于3000克-平方厘米。
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-
2001
- 2001-07-16 US US09/906,889 patent/US6491592B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2002
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- 2002-05-13 CA CA002386117A patent/CA2386117C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-05-20 AT AT02253534T patent/ATE333306T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-05-20 ES ES02253534T patent/ES2255890T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2002-05-20 DK DK02253534T patent/DK1277499T3/da active
- 2002-05-20 EP EP02253534A patent/EP1277499B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2002-06-06 CN CNB021224285A patent/CN1228111C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-07-05 JP JP2002197670A patent/JP2003062130A/ja active Pending
- 2002-07-12 SG SG200204246A patent/SG119158A1/en unknown
- 2002-07-13 MY MYPI20022663A patent/MY129639A/en unknown
- 2002-07-16 KR KR10-2002-0041707A patent/KR100482794B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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MY129639A (en) | 2007-04-30 |
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CA2386117A1 (en) | 2003-01-16 |
CN1397366A (zh) | 2003-02-19 |
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KR100482794B1 (ko) | 2005-04-14 |
US20010055995A1 (en) | 2001-12-27 |
DK1277499T3 (da) | 2006-11-06 |
EP1277499A3 (en) | 2004-01-02 |
CA2386117C (en) | 2009-07-14 |
JP2003062130A (ja) | 2003-03-04 |
AU4435702A (en) | 2003-01-23 |
KR20030007216A (ko) | 2003-01-23 |
ES2255890T3 (es) | 2006-12-16 |
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