CN118006541A - 一种使靶细胞去分化、转分化、年轻化的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种使靶细胞去分化、转分化、年轻化的方法,所述方法采用含有小分子化合物或小分子化合物组合的培养基培养靶细胞,作用于JAK‑STAT信号通路使靶细胞其年轻化;其中:所述靶细胞选自来源于哺乳动物的成纤维细胞和/或间充质干细胞。本发明细胞年轻化的特征如表观遗传学的改变和/或衰老相关基因表达量的变化和/或细胞端粒的延长和/或细胞增值速度的加快和/或细胞具备长期稳定传代的能力,且该年轻化的细胞及其细胞产物可以逆转哺乳动物机体的衰老,延长寿命。
Description
本案由申请号:2018104072539;发明名称:调控Jak-Stat通路使细胞分化、去分化、年轻化的技术及其应用的发明专利申请分案而来。
技术领域
本发明属于细胞生物学技术领域,涉及一种使靶细胞去分化、转分化、年轻化的方法。
背景技术
干细胞被认为是再生医学与抗衰老的“圣杯”。当个体开始老化,体内的干细胞也会老化,导致包括骨头,软骨,心脏,肌肉,脑,皮肤,胰脏,肝脏,肾脏,胃肠道等多个器官的恶变或退化。免疫系统功能异常也与衰老有关。事实上,组织器官的慢性炎症是导致其退化衰老的原因。老年的细胞通常存在DNA损伤或突变,端粒缩短,表观遗传、氧化还原、能量代谢异常,增殖能力下降,死亡细胞增多的问题。老年的干细胞会失去向某些谱系的分化能力而异常地向其它谱系分化。例如,众所周知老年个体来源的骨髓间充质干细胞成骨成软骨能力下降而成脂能力增强。因此,充满着脂肪组织的老年骨髓也常被叫作“黄骨髓”。相似的,老年人的神经干细胞也会减少向神经元分化而更多的分化为星形胶质细胞,这被认为与老年人认知能力下降有关。
干细胞特别是间充质干细胞由于其易得、可扩展、多能性、生长因子释放作用及免疫调节能力而成为治疗或干预衰老进程及相关疾病的有力候选。间充质干细胞已被广泛应用于临床,包括移植物抗宿主病,多发性硬化症,肌萎缩性侧索硬化症,脊髓损伤,红斑狼疮,关节炎和老化等多种疾病的治疗。对于异体使用,脐带间充质干细胞是被广泛考虑的。但是长期/多次使用“非自体”细胞始终是存在临床风险的。自体移植被认为是更安全的,不幸的是,当人们衰老的时候,他们的间充质干细胞也会衰老。衰老的间充质干细胞失去了很多重要功能,这限制了其临床应用。诱导多能干细胞(iPS)是可以从老年人获得的年轻细胞,曾被认为是用于治疗的良好细胞来源。但是iPS的诱导效率低,并且涉及到外源基因的导入,常常会发生遗传变异,不利于临床运用。最近遗传修饰被作为一种年轻化的方法,但这种方法仍然存在脱靶和致瘤的风险。因此,有针对性地开发制备自体年轻化的、安全的细胞的方法以及获取自体年轻化的、安全的、修复型的细胞,对于预防、延缓和逆转人类衰老进程,修复组织、器官结构或功能,对延缓人类衰老进程、提高健康状态及生活质量具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种调控Jak-Stat通路使细胞分化、去分化、年轻化的技术及其应用,特别是调控JAK-STAT信号通路以调节细胞分化、去分化、转分化、年轻化、衰老、调亡以及逆转衰老和延长机体寿命的方法,通过该方法获得的细胞产物(如修复型成纤维细胞,年轻化的间充质干细胞),可用于对于预防、延缓和逆转人类衰老进程,修复组织、器官结构或功能。根据本专利技术制备获得的修复型成纤维细胞,既具有皮肤成纤维细胞的特性又具有间充质干细胞的特性,因此命名为修复型皮肤成纤维细胞(regenerativefibroblast,简称rFib),也可命名为诱导的年轻化间充质干细胞(inducedandrejuvenatedmesenchymal stem cell,irMSC),也可命名为诱导的间充质干细胞(induced mesenchymal stem cell,iMSC),文中统称为rFib。
本发明的技术方案如下:调控Jak-Stat通路使细胞分化、去分化、年轻化的技术及其应用,其特征在于所述的方法为定量和/或定时地激活或者抑制JAK-STAT信号通路。
所述方法在JAK-STAT信号通路中高表达或被高表达、低表达或者被抑制表达的基因或蛋白靶点包括:CXCL2(基因号/Accession:AY577905.1)。
OS1(基因号/Accession:NM_005633.3)、STAT5B(基因号/Accession:NM_012448.3)、JAK1(基因号/Accession:NM_001321857.1)、JAK3(基因号/Accession:NM_000215.3)、SOCS3(基因号/Accession:NM_003955.4)、IL6ST(基因号/Accession:NM_001243835.1)、STAT1(基因号/Accession:NM_007315.3)、STAT2(基因号/Accession:NM_198332.1)、STAT3(基因号/Accession:NM_213662.1)、STAT4(基因号/Accession:NM_001243835.1)、STAT6(基因号/Accession:NM_001178081.1)、STAT5A(基因号/Accession:NM_001288720.1)、IRF9(基因号/Accession:NM_006084.4)、IL6(基因号/Accession:XM_005249745.5)、IL6R(基因号/Accession:NM_181359.2)、IL2(基因号/Accession:NM_000586.3)(如IL2 A和/或IL2B)、PRKCD(基因号/Accession:NM_001354679.1)、CXCL12(基因号/Accession:NM_000609.6)、CXCR4(基因号/Accession:NM_003467.2)、JAK2(基因号/Accession:NM_004972.3)、IL15RA(基因号/Accession:NM_001351095.1)、IL20RB(基因号/Accession:XM_006713665.4)、GHR(基因号/Accession:NM_001242406.2)和PRLR(基因号/Accession:NM_001204314.2)中的至少一种。
所述的细胞为调控JAK-STAT的初始的靶细胞,所述的靶细胞来源于哺乳动物如人、鼠、猴、猪,所述的靶细胞包括成纤维细胞,上皮细胞,脂肪细胞,血液细胞,间充质干细胞,神经细胞,肌细胞,心肌细胞,平滑肌细胞,血管内皮细胞,诱导多能干细胞,胚胎干细胞,成骨细胞,软骨细胞,脂肪细胞,破骨细胞。所述的方法制备获得的细胞在本专利中定义为目的细胞,其来源于靶细胞,包括在靶细胞中调控JAK-STAT的过程中产生的不同特征的各类细胞,所述的特征包括下列中的至少一种:分化、去分化、转分化、年轻化、衰老、调亡。
所述对JAK-STAT信号通路激活或者抑制的定量,是目的细胞中的JAK-STAT信号通路的基因或蛋白靶点的至少一种相对于靶细胞上调或者下调了1~300倍中的任一个倍数阶段。
所述的对JAK-STAT信号通路激活或者抑制的定时,是在靶细胞中调控JAK-STAT信号通路的基因或蛋白靶点的至少一种高表达或者低表达或者不表达,调控时间为24小时~220天,由此所获得的目的细胞或长期维持JAK-STAT信号通路的基因或蛋白靶点中的至少一种高表达或者低表达或者不表达或者恢复到和靶细胞相同的表达水平。
所述的方法可通过调节下列通路或者靶点中的至少一种来激活或者抑制JAK-STAT信号通路:NOD-like receptor信号通路、Focal adhesion、细胞周期、三羧酸循环、TGFbeta信号通路、WNT信号通路、Notch信号通路、P53信号通路,insulin信号通路,Calcium(钙)信号通路、Interleukin-19,Interleukin-20,Interleukin-22,Interleukin-24,IL7HDAC(组蛋白脱乙酰基酶),PKC信号通路,RAR通路,adenylate cyclase信号通路,HMT(组蛋白甲基转移酶),DNMT(DNA甲基转移酶)和组蛋白去甲基化酶抑制剂。
所述的激活或者抑制JAK-STAT信号通路的细胞靶点以及细胞信号通路,
所述的NOD-like receptor信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点选自NAIP,IL6,CXCL12,NOD1,TAB3,CARD6,CXCL2,CXCL1,CXCL3,CARD8,CARD9,CASP1,CASP12,CASP4,
CASP5,NFKB1,TMEM173,TNF,NFKBIB,NOD2,PYDC1,PYCARD,TAB1,TAB2,TNF,TLR4,NLRP1,NLRP12,NLRP3,NLRP6,MCU,RIPK3,RHOA,TAK1,BIRC2,ATG16L1,ATG5,ATG12,TANK中的一种或几种。
所述的Focal adhesion通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点选自
TNXB,RAPGEF1,ITGB8,SRC,THBS1,ITGA3,VCL,CAPN2,FLT4,FLT1,ITGA3,ITGB1,ITGB3,ITGB5,ITGB6,ITGB7,ITGA1,ITGA10,ITGA11,ITGA2,ITGA2B,ITGA5,ITGA6,ITGA7,ITGA8,,ITGA9,ITGAV,PDRVG,PDGFA,PDGFB,PDGFC,PDGFD,PDGFRA,PDGFRB,BIRC3,
BIRC2,BCL2,DOCK1,FN1,HGF,EGF,EGFR,IGF1,IGF1R,VEGFA,VEGFB,VEGFC,CTNNB1中的一种或几种;
所述的用于调控细胞周期的基因或蛋白质靶点选自
MAD2L1,BUB1,ORC1,ORC2,ORC3,ORC4,ORC5,ORC6,ATM,ATR,CCNA1,CCNA2,CCNB1,CCNB2,CCNB3,CCND1,CCND2,SMAD2,SMAD3,SMAD4,E2F2,E2F2,E2F4,E2F5,EP300,FZR1,GADD45A,GADD45B,GADD 45B,STAG1,STAG2,CDC14A,CDC14B,CDC20,CDC25A,CDC25B,MYC,SMC3,CDC16,YWHAH,YWHAB,YWHAQ,YWHAE,YWHAG,YWHAZ中的一种或几种;
所述的用于调控三羧酸循环的基因或蛋白质靶点选自
IDH3G,IDH3B,MDH2,SDHB,OGDH,MDH1,OGDHL,SUCLG1,SUCLG2,SUCLA2,SDHA,SDHB,SDHC,PDH A1,PDHB,ACLY中的一种或几种
所述的TGF beta信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点选自
ACVR1C,THBS1,FST,TGFB1,TGFBR1,TGFBR2.TGFBR3,BMP4,RUNX3,RUNX2,CREBBP,
IFNG,HRAS,FOS,TGFB2,TGFB3,ACVRL1,FOXO3,MTOR,KRAS,CREB1,ATF1,ATF2,ATF4,AKT1,AK T2,AKT3,HNF4A,HNF4G,PIK3R3中的一种或几种;
所述的WNT信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点选自
PRKCA,WNT7B,PRICKLE1,LRP6,CTNNB1,FZD4,CCND2,PRICK,WNT5A,WNT1,WNT10A,WNT11,WNT9A,WNT9B,WNT3,WNT4B中的一种或几种;
所述的Notch信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点选自
CIR1,KAT2B,MAML2,PSEN2,DVL2,RFNG,SNW1,DLL4,DTX3,DLL3,DLL1,DTX1,DTX2,
CREBBP,CTBP1,CTBP2,JAG1,JAG2,NOTCH1,NOTCH2,NOTCH3,NOTCH4,PSEN1,PSEN2中的一种或几种;
所述的P53信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点选自
CCNG2,SIAH1,BBC3,TP53AIP1,TP53,SETD7,ATF3,CCNA2,CDK2,CCNG1,CHEK1,PRKCDKAT2B,PRL23,PPP2CA中的一种或几种;
所述的Calcium信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点选自RYR1,RYR2,RYR3,ESR1,AR(androgen
receptor),KDR(kinase insertdomainreceptor),VDR(vitaminDreceptor),ITPR1,ITPR2,ITPR3,PDE1A,PDE1B,PDE1C,PRKCA,PRKCD,PRKCE,PRKCG中的一种或几种;
所述的insulin信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点选自RAPGEF1,PHKG1,PYGL,TRIP10,INS,INSR,IRS1,PDPK1,PIK3CA,HRAS,GRB2,PTPN1,PTPN11中的一种或几种
所述的PKC的基因或蛋白质靶点选自
PRKCA,PRKCB,PRKDC,PRKCZ,PRKCE,PRKCG,PRKCD,PRKCH,PRKCI,PRKCQ,PRKD1,SLC9A5,MAPK3,MAPK9,MAPK8,MAPK1中的一种或几种;
所述的RAR中的基因或蛋白质靶点选自
RARA,RARS,RARB,RARG,RXRA,RXRG,FAM120B,NCOA1,NCOR2中的一种或几种
所述的调控HDAC的基因或蛋白质靶点选自HDAC1,HDAC2,HDAC3,HDAC4,HDAC5,HDAC6,HDAC7,HDAC8,HDAC9,HDAC10,HDAC11中的一种或几种;
所述的adenylate cyclase信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点选自PRKAR1A,ADCY10,ADCYAP1,ADCY1,ADCY2,ADCY6,ADCY3,GNAI1,GNAL,GNAT3,PRKACA,PRKAR2B,PRKACB,PRKAR1B,PRKACG,CDKN1B,PRKAR2A,NCAM1,CDKN1A中的一种或几种;
所述的HMT中的基因或蛋白质靶点选自HNMT,
DNMT1,KMT2A,EHMT2,EHMT1,KMT2A,DOT1L,EZH2,SETD7,DNMT3B,DNMT3A,SETDB1,S;ETD2中的一种或几种;
所述的DNMT中的基因或蛋白质靶点选自DNMT1,DNMT3B,DNMT3A,CDKN2A,CDKN2B,EHMT2,EHMT1,DNMT3L,CDH1,PARP1,MBD2中的一种或几种;
所述的组蛋白去甲基化酶中的基因或蛋白质靶点选自中
KDM1A,KDM4A,KDM5A,KDM5B,KDM2A,KDM5C,KDM4B,KDM4C,KDM5D,KDM4D,KDM1B,HISTIH3A,HIST4H4,HIST2H3C,HAT1,HIST1H4C,HIST1H4F,HIST1H4J,HIST1H2AE,HIST1H2BB,CLOCK,NOCA1的一种或几种;
所述的方法采用下列方法中的至少一种:小分子化合物组合、细胞因子组合或重组蛋白组合、基因编辑技术和转基因技术;
所述的小分子化合物组合包括下列化合物中的一种或几种:
组蛋白脱乙酰基酶抑制剂包括sodiumphenylbutyrate,butyrate,sodiumbutyrate,VPA,Scriptaid,Apicidin,LBH-589(Panobinostat),MS-275,SAHA(Vorinostat),Trichostatin(TSA),Psammaplin A,splitomicin,SRT1720,resveratrol,Sirtinol,APHA,CI-994,Depudecin,FK-228,HC-Toxin,ITF-2357(Givinostat),Chidamide,RGFP 966,PHOB,BG45,NexturastatA,TMP269,CAY10603,MGCD-0103,Niltubacin,PXD-101(Belinostat),Pyroxamide,Tubacin,EX-527,BATCP,Cambinol,MOCPAC,PTACH,MC1568,NCH51和TC-H106;
TGF-β受体抑制剂:616452,LY2109761,Pirfenidone,Repsox(E-616452),SB431542,A77-01,A8301,GW788388,ITD-1,SD208,SB525334,LY364947,ASP3029,D4476和SB505124;
PKC抑制剂包括Go6983,Go6976和Bisindolylmaleimide I(GF109203X);
WNT/β-catenin激动剂包括MAY-262611,CHIR98014,CHIR99021,LiCl,Li2CO3,TD114-2,AZD2858,AZD1080,BIO,Kenpaullone,TWS119,LY2090314,CBM1078,SB216763和AR-A014418;cAMP激动剂包括Forskolin,IBMX,ProstaglandinE2(PGE2),NKH477,8-pCPT-2′-O-Me-cAMP,GSK256066,Apremilast(CC-10004)Roflumilast,Cilomilast,Rolipram,Milrinone,8-Bromo-cAMP,Dibutyryl-Camp,Sp-8-Br-cAMPs;
RAR激动剂包括TTNPB,Bexarotene,Ch55,Tamibarotene,Retinol,AM580,ATRA,Vitamin A、Vitamin A衍生物和13-cis RA;
ROCK抑制剂包括Y-27632,Y-276322HCl,Thiazovivin,Ripasudil(K-115),Fasudil,GSK429286A,RKI-1447和PKI-1313;
JNK抑制剂包括SP600125,JNK Inhibitor IX,AS601245,AS602801和JNK-IN-8;
DNMT抑制剂包括RG108,Thioguanine,5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine(Decitabine),SGI-1027,Zebularine和5-Azacytidine(AZA);
HMT抑制剂包括EPZ004777,EPZ5676,GSK503,BIX 01294和SGC 0946;
组蛋白去甲基化酶的抑制剂包括parnate(tranylcypromine),Tranylcypromine(2-PCPA)HCl SP2509,4SC-202,ORY-1001(RG-6016),GSKJ1和GSK-LSD1
JAK-STAT抑制剂包括STAT5-IN-1,JAK3-IN-1,JAK3-IN-7,WP1066,Homoharringtonine,Pyridone 6,Pyridone 6,Artesunate,ruxolitinib,SH-4-54,Baricitinib,Ruxolitinib phosphate,AG-490,Baricitinib phosphate,SAR-20347,CYT387 Mesylate,AS1517499,Peficitinib,Ruxolitinib sulfate,NSC 74859,Stattic,Tofacitinib citrate,Pimozide,Oclacitinib maleate,Ruxolitinib S enantiomer,SB1317,Niclosamide,Scutellarin,Solcitinib,Mogrol,Nifuroxazide,TG101348(SAR302503),AG-1478(Tyrphostin AG-1478)(EGFR inhibitor)
KX2-391(Src inhibitor)
PKI-402(PI3Kα/β/γ/δandmTOR inhibitor)
NSC 74859(S3I-201)(STAT3 inhibitor)
Fludarabine(Fludara)(STAT-1inhibitor)
U0126-EtOH(UO126 EtOH)(MEK1 andMEK2 inhibitor)
SGI-1776free base(Pim1,Pim2 andPim3 inhibitor)
Sorafenib(Nexavar)(VEGFR,PDGFR,c-RafandB-Rafinhibitor)
PLX-4720(B-RafV600E andc-Raf-1Y340D/Y341D inhibitor)
所述的细胞因子组合或重组蛋白组合包括PDGFAA,PDGFAB,BMP4,IGF1,bFGF,EGF,VEGF,insulin,ActivinA,TGF-beta1,Noggin,BMP-2,Shh,IL-6,CXCL10,CXCL12,CXCL2,HGF,IFN gamma,IL-2,IL-6R alpha,IL-2Ralpha,TNF-alpha,TNF-beta,TPO,IGF2,IGFBP5,IGFBP6,IGFBP4,IGFBP7,IGFBP9,PDGF-BB,MMP3,GDF11,TIMP2;
所述的基因编辑技术包括使用crispr/cas9基因编辑技术以及TALEN基因编辑技术来上调或敲除JAK-STAT信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点,如STAT5A;
所述的转基因技术包括使用慢病毒或逆转录病毒过表达或抑制JAK-STAT信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点,如STAT5A;
一种修复型成纤维细胞其特征在于所述修复型成纤维细胞由权利要求书1~8的方法制备;所述修复型成纤维细胞中的JAK-STAT信号通路被抑制;所述JAK-STAT信号通路中低表达或被抑制表达的基因或蛋白质靶点包括SOS1、STAT5B、JAK1、JAK3、SOCS3、IL6ST、STAT1、STAT2、STAT3、STAT4、STAT6、STAT5A、IRF9、IL6、IL6R、IL2、IL2 A、IL2B、PRKCD、CXCL12、CXCR4、JAK2、IL15RA、IL20RB、GHR、CXCL2和PRLR中的至少一种。
所述修复型成纤维细胞中的信号通路还发生了如下变化:NOD-like receptor信号通路受到抑制;和/或TGF betareceptor信号通路受到抑制;和/或insulin信号通路下调;和/或wnt信号通路上调和/或notch信号通路下调;和/或p53信号通路下调中的至少一种;
所述修复型成纤维细胞的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的修复型成纤维细胞的靶细胞为普通成纤维细胞,所述的普通成纤维细胞来源于哺乳动物(如人,猴,鼠,猪)的结缔组织(如血液,皮肤,骨髓,心脏)。
所述制备方法是对普通成纤维细胞进行小分子化合物组合的处理,最终制备得到修复型成纤维细胞;所述的小分子化合物组合包括Jak-Stat抑制剂,WNT/β-catenin激动剂,组蛋白脱乙酰基酶抑制剂和cAMP激动剂中的至少一种。
所述修复型成纤维细胞制备方法还包括使用RAR激动剂,DNMT抑制剂,HMT抑制剂,组蛋白去甲基化酶抑制剂,ascorbate(抗坏血酸),JNK抑制剂,PKC抑制剂,ROCK抑制剂和TGF-β抑制剂中的至少一种。
所述修复型成纤维细胞的制备方法为按时序分阶段使用的第一阶段化合物和第二阶段化合物,所述第一阶段化合物为WNT/β-catenin激动剂,组蛋白脱乙酰基酶抑制剂和cAMP激动剂;或所述第一阶段化合物为组蛋白脱乙酰基酶抑制剂,TGF-β受体抑制剂,WNT/β-catenin激动剂和cAMP激动剂;
所述第二阶段化合物包括组蛋白脱乙酰基酶抑制剂,TGF-β抑制剂,WNT/β-catenin激动剂,cAMP激动剂,RAR激动剂,HMT抑制剂,ascorbate(抗坏血酸),PKC抑制剂,PKC抑制剂和ROCK抑制剂。
所述的制备方法为VPA,0.05~10mM;CHIR99021,1~15μM;Repsox,0.5~10μM;Forskolin,3~50μM;Go 6983,1~20μM;Y-27632,1~25μM;AM5800.02~1μM;EPZ0047770.5~15μM;Vc,0.2mM;TTNPB,0.2~20μM;5-Azacytidine,1~15μM;SP600125,1~50μM中的至少一种;或者首先使用第一阶段化合物处理普通成纤维细胞,所述的第一阶段化合物为VPA,0.05~10mM;CHIR99021,1~15μM;Repsox,0.5~10μM;Forskolin,3~50μM处理细胞2~10天;第一阶段处理后,使用第二阶段化合物处理4~20天,所述的第二阶段化合物为VPA,0.05~10mM;CHIR99021,1~15μM;Repsox,0.5~10μM;Forskolin,3~50μM;Go6983,1~20μM;Y-27632,1~25μM;AM5800.02~1μM;EPZ0047770.5~15μM;Vc,0.2mM;TTNPB,0.2~20μM。
所述的修复型成纤维细胞的端粒长度与初始的普通成纤维细胞相比,延长了1.5~12倍,长度接近于未成年个体同类细胞的水平;由所述的修复型成纤维细胞制备得到的其它类型细胞(如成骨细胞,软骨细胞),与来自同一动物个体的同类细胞相比,端粒延长,并且表现出更强的功能活性。
17,如权利要求9~15所述的任一方法制备的修复型成纤维细胞,其特征在于,所述的修复型成纤维细胞制备得到的细胞产物(如细胞分泌物,细胞裂解液),在构建组织工程材料,延缓或者逆转细胞、组织、器官和机体衰老中的应用。
所述的修复型成纤维细胞,在构建组织工程材料,延缓或者逆转细胞、组织、器官和机体衰老中的应用。
一种超级成纤维细胞,其特征在于所述的超级成纤维细胞是通过对普通成纤维细胞敲除STAT5基因来制备的。
所述的超级成纤维细胞的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法是对普通成纤维细胞敲除STAT5基因后的3~100天内获得的年轻化和端粒延长的超级成纤维细胞。
所述制备方法是对间充质干细胞通过小分子化合物组合或基因编辑的处理,最终制备得到年轻化的间充质干细胞;所述的小分子化合物组合包括Jak-Stat抑制剂,WNT/β-catenin激动剂,DNMT抑制剂,TGF-β抑制剂和cAMP激动剂中的至少一种;所述的基因编辑处理方法为敲除Jak-Stat信号通路的基因或蛋白质靶点(如STAT5A).
所述的小分子化合物组合的处理方法为使用下列化合物处理间充质干细胞1~28天,CHIR99021,1~15μM;5-Azacytidine(AZA),1μM~15μM;和/或5-Azacytidine(AZA),1μM~15μM;Forskolin,3~50μM;和/或5-Azacytidine(AZA),1μM~15μM;Forskolin,3~50μM;CHIR99021,1~15μM。
由上述权利要求1~22任一方法制备得到的细胞产品(如修复型成纤维细胞)或所述细胞产品的细胞培养液/基、细胞产品的裂解液、试剂盒、药物、保健品、食品、化妆品或医疗器械的应用。
所述的任一方法制备得到的细胞产品(如修复型成纤维细胞)作为组织工程材料的种子细胞、组织工程材料的支架来源、修复哺乳动物组织、器官损伤以及修复衰老退化的组织、器官中的应用。
所述的任一方法制备得到的细胞产品(如修复型成纤维细胞)在医学研究或者作为免疫调节剂中的应用。
所述的任一方法制备得到的细胞产品(如修复型成纤维细胞)在体外/体内预防、延缓、逆转哺乳动物的组织、器官、机体衰老进程中的应用。
所述的任一方法及其制备得到的细胞产品在细胞、组织、器官、机体重编程或者细胞、组织、器官、机体年轻化中的应用。
本发明特点如下:通过定量和/或定时地调控Jak-Stat信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点,来调节细胞分化、去分化、转分化、年轻化、衰老、调亡以及逆转衰老和延长机体寿命。通过小分子化合物组合、细胞因子组合或重组蛋白组合、基因编辑技术、转基因技术来定量和/或定时地调控细胞中Jak-Stat信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点,所述的基因或蛋白质靶点包括CXCL2,SOS1、STAT5B、JAK1、JAK3、SOCS3、IL6ST、STAT1、STAT2、STAT3、STAT4、STAT6、STAT5A、IRF9、IL6、IL6R、IL2(如IL2 A和/或IL2B)、PRKCD、CXCL12、CXCR4、JAK2、IL15RA、IL20RB、GHR和PRLR中的至少一种;所述的用于调控Jak-Stat信号通路的小分子化合物组合包括Jak-Stat抑制剂,WNT/β-catenin激动剂,组蛋白脱乙酰基酶抑制剂和cAMP激动剂,RAR激动剂,DNMT抑制剂,HMT抑制剂,组蛋白去甲基化酶抑制剂,ascorbate(抗坏血酸),JNK抑制剂,PKC抑制剂,ROCK抑制剂和TGF-β抑制剂中的至少一种。所述的细胞因子组合或重组蛋白组合包括PDGFAA,PDGFAB,BMP4,
IGF1,bFGF,EGF,VEGF,insulin,ActivinA,TGF-beta1,Noggin,BMP-2,Shh,IL-6,CXCL10,CXCL12,CXCL2,HGF,IFN gamma,IL-2,IL-6R alpha,IL-2Ralpha,TNF-alpha,TNF-beta,TPO,IGF2,IGFBP5,IGFBP6,IGFBP4,IGFBP7,IGFBP9,PDGF-BB,MMP3,GDF11,TIMP2。所述的基因编辑技术包括使用crispr/cas9基因编辑技术以及TALEN基因编辑技术来上调或敲除JAK-STAT信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点,如STAT5A。所述的转基因技术包括使用慢病毒或逆转录病毒过表达或抑制JAK-STAT信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点,如STAT5A。
本发明通过小分子化合物抑制成纤维细胞中Jak-Stat信号通路的基因或蛋白质靶点(如STAT5A,JAK1),制备得到修复型皮肤成纤维细胞,所述的修复型皮肤成纤维细胞中Jak-Stat信号通路受到抑制,修复型成纤维细胞中的信号通路还发生了如下变化NOD-likereceptor信号通路受到抑制;和/或TGF betareceptor信号通路受到抑制;和/或insulin信号通路下调;和/或wnt信号通路上调和/或notch信号通路下调;和/或p53信号通路下调中的至少一种;所述的修复型皮肤成纤维细胞的端粒长度与初始的普通成纤维细胞相比,延长了1.5~12倍,长度接近于未成年个体同类细胞的水平;由所述的修复型成纤维细胞制备得到的其它类型细胞(如成骨细胞,软骨细胞),与来自同一动物个体的同类细胞相比,端粒延长,并且表现出更强的功能活性;所述的修复型成纤维细胞以及该细胞制备得到的细胞产物(如细胞分泌物,细胞裂解液),可应用于构建组织工程材料,延缓或者逆转细胞、组织、器官和机体衰老。
本发明提供的定量和/或定时地调控Jak-Stat信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点,来调节细胞分化、去分化、转分化、年轻化、衰老、调亡以及逆转衰老和延长机体寿命的技术,可促进不同类型细胞间的转分化,可用于制备不同类型年轻化的细胞(如逆转间充质干细胞的衰老,制备超级成纤维细胞),也可用于促进细胞的衰老和凋亡,所述的技术制备的细胞以及细胞的产物,用于在体外/体内预防、延缓、逆转哺乳动物的组织、器官、机体的衰老进程;用于在细胞、组织、器官、机体重编程;用于作为组织工程材料的种子细胞、组织工程材料的支架来源、修复哺乳动物组织、器官损伤以及修复衰老退化的组织、器官。
发明机理:通过定量和/或定时调节细胞中的Jak-Stat信号通路的基因或蛋白质靶点的表达,改变细胞不同代谢通路的变化,从而趋使靶细胞的细胞状态发生改变,转变为不同类型的其它细胞或者具备不同的细胞特征。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:本发明提供的修复型成纤维细胞与同个供体来源的成纤维细胞相比或与同个年龄阶段的供体来源的成纤维细胞相比,所述修复型成纤维细胞具备年轻化的特征但不具备致瘤性,所述年轻化的特征如表观遗传学的改变和/或衰老相关基因表达量的变化和/或细胞端粒的延长和/或细胞增值速度的加快和/或细胞具备长期稳定传代的能力,且该年轻化的细胞及其细胞产物可以逆转哺乳动物机体的衰老,延长寿命;本发明提供的定量和/或定时地调控Jak-Stat信号通路中的基因或蛋白质靶点,来调节细胞分化、去分化、转分化、年轻化、衰老、调亡以及逆转衰老和延长机体寿命的技术,可系统地调节细胞分化、去分化、转分化、年轻化、衰老、调亡,其对应制备得到的细胞及细胞产物用于在体外/体内预防、延缓、逆转哺乳动物的组织、器官、机体的衰老进程;用于在细胞、组织、器官、机体重编程;用于作为组织工程材料的种子细胞、组织工程材料的支架来源、修复哺乳动物组织、器官损伤以及修复衰老退化的组织、器官。
附图说明
图1.修复型皮肤成纤维细胞(regenerative fibroblast,rFib)的制备。
图2.rFib与Fib和bMSC相比具有年轻化的特征。
图3.衰老的bMSC成骨和成软骨分化能力较rFib差,并且rFib不具有致瘤性。
图4.rFib在体外具有免疫调节功能。
图5.rFib细胞具有体内免疫调节的能力。
图6.rFib具有不受年龄限制的骨缺损修复能力。
图7.体内软骨修复实验。
图8.抑制STAT5基因可使皮肤成纤维细胞年轻化并获得多向分化能力。
图9.敲除STAT5后STAT5以及H3K9me的变化情况。
图10.另一株62岁(62Y)的Fib敲除STAT5后年轻化及分化能力的检测。
图11.MSC细胞的年轻化,使用不同的化合物处理细胞3天后,进行β-半乳糖苷酶染色;55Y=55岁,82Y=82岁,Y=year表示细胞供体年龄。
图12.rFib细胞可延长老年NOD/SCID小鼠的寿命,提高其骨密度。
图13.rFib细胞分布于小鼠多个脏器,并能分化为有功能的细胞。
图14.rFib细胞可提高老年骨质疏松小鼠的骨密度。
图15.rFib培养液可显著促进皮肤愈合。rFib培养液组在造模后12天几乎完全愈合。
图16.rFib可改善小鼠的下肢缺血症状
图17.Mix Y处理抑制细胞STAT5,STAT3基因的表达(A-B),CDKN1A基因下调,端粒延长(C-D),细胞年轻化。
图18.Mix Pn处理下调细胞STAT5的表达(A),ATF3,CDKN1A,GADD45B以及IL6的表达(B-E)的表达被抑制,说明细胞年轻化。
图19.Mix Y-Mix Pn2处理可抑制成纤维细胞JAK1的表达(A)并延长其端粒长度(B)。
图20.从皮肤成纤维细胞转化为神经细胞,A.皮肤成纤维细胞转化得到的神经细胞的Tuj1染色;
B.Nestin表达量的鉴定。
图21.使用小分子化合物作用,ES向神经分化过程中,STAT5基因表达上调。
图22.KEGG通路富集的模块。
具体实施方式
实施例1,修复型皮肤成纤维细胞的获得及其特性鉴定
1.人皮肤成纤维细胞接种至6孔板并在皮肤成纤维细胞培养液中培养24小时;
2.将细胞培养液更换为含小分子鸡尾酒组合Mix V的rFib诱导培养液,每2天换液一次;
3.使用含小分子鸡尾酒组合Mix V的rFib诱导培养液培养5天后,将培养液换为含小分子鸡尾酒组合Mix P的rFib诱导培养液,每2天换液1次;
4.使用含小分子鸡尾酒组合Mix P的rFib诱导培养液培养7天后,将培养液换为加入了10%FBS、
10ng/mL bFGF、100ng/mL PDGF-AB以及10ng/mL BMP4的HG-DMEM;或者加入了10%FBS的HG-DMEM;或者使用rFib medium进行培养;细胞处理3天后长期传代;细胞处理3天后开始鉴定。
5.长期传代时,将rFib培养在MSC基础培养基中,当细胞汇合度达到90%时传代。
皮肤成纤维细胞培养液:10%FBS+HG-DMEM;或者品牌为HCell,货号为FMS003C的Fibstar-CO medium。
Mix V:high glucose(HG)-DMEM supplementedwith 10%FBS,containingVPA,0.5mM;CHIR99021,3μM;Repsox,1μM;Forskolin,10μM;
Mix P:HG-DMEM supplementedwith 10%FBS,containingVPA,0.5mM;CHIR99021,3μM;Repsox,1μM;Forskolin,10μM;SP600125,10μM;Go 6983,5μM;Y-27632,5μM;AM5800.05μM;EPZ0047775μM;Vc,0.2mM;TTNPB,5μM.
或者在品牌为HCell,货号为FGS0040的FibGro medium里添加VPA,0.5mM;CHIR99021,3μM;
Repsox,1μM;Forskolin,10μM;SP600125,10μM;Go 6983,5μM;Y-27632,5μM;AM5800.05μM;
EPZ0047775μM;Vc,0.2mM;TTNPB,5μM.
MSC基础培养基:10%FBS+LG-DMEM或者购买自Cyagen,货号为HUXMA-90011的骨髓间充质干细胞完全培养基或者品牌为HCell,货号为CRM0016-01的rFib medium。
备注:除特别说明外,实施例中使用的细胞来源于人。
图1.修复型皮肤成纤维细胞(regenerative fibroblast,rFib)的制备
A.从皮肤成纤维细胞(Fib)转换为rFib的过程示意图。接近衰老的Fib(P13代)转化为rFib后获得巨大的增长潜力(可另扩增19代);同样的处理过程,诱发骨髓间充质干细胞的死亡。
B.rFib及其同源Fib长期扩增时的增长曲线的对比。处理后获得的rFib生长速度比同源Fib更快。
C.转换前后的细胞三系分化能力的组织化学分析(亲代皮肤细胞来源于1个39岁志愿者的P8代细胞)。样本在第0天(Fib,处理前),第5天,第12天,第15天(rFib)以及经过几次扩增后检测其成骨、成脂、成软骨能力在21天的分化诱导后。Osteoblast(成骨,AlizarinRed染色鉴定)、Adipocyte(成脂,Oil Red染色鉴定)、Chondrocyte(成软骨,Alicianblue染色鉴定),并且经过多次传代后(P9代,P16代),rFib细胞依旧维持了良好的三系分化能力。
D.q-RT-PCR分析ALP水平在成骨分化诱导14天后,COL2A1水平在软骨分化诱导14天后以及PPARG水平在成脂分化诱导21天后。结果表明,rFib细胞与年轻的bMSC类似,诱导后高表达三系分化相关的基因。*p<0.05,**p<0.01,***p<0.001,n≥3,显著性与D0(Fib)相比。
E-G.使用小分子组合处理后后,细胞在不同时间点JAK1,STAT5的表达变化(处理后降低),端粒酶(TERT)的表达情况(5天后高表达)以及端粒长度的变化(15天时显著延长)。
H.对rFib细胞转录组分析,其聚类情况更接近于Fib和bMSC,而不像iPSC和ESC,既具有皮肤成纤维细胞的特性又具有间充质干细胞的特性,rFib是安全不具备致瘤性的细胞。
图2.rFib与Fib和bMSC相比具有年轻化的特征
A.D0(P11代亲本Fib)以及D15(rFib)的H3K9me3以及H4K20me3的免疫荧光染色。rFib细胞的衰老标志物H4K20me3相比于其同源Fib显著减少。
B和C.D0(P11代亲本Fib)以及D15(rFib)的γH2AX的免疫荧光染色及定量分析。rFib细胞的衰老标志物γH2AX相比于其同源Fib显著减少。
D.两株老年个体来源的Fib,bMSC,rFib在长期扩增中的的生长曲线。相同颜色为同一个体来源的细胞。rFib的生长速度显著高于同一个体来源的bMSC和Fib,也快于年轻的bMSC(33岁)。
E-G.几种细胞衰老标志物(CDKN1A,ATF3以及IL-6)的q-RT-PCR检测。rFib细胞及rFib细胞诱导得到的成骨细胞及软骨细胞衰老标志物的表达显著降低。其中12W代表怀孕12W流产胎儿的的皮肤细胞。
H.用q-RT-PCR以T/S值测定Fib,rFib,bMSC及其分化的成骨细胞(rFib-OB,bMSC-OB)、成软骨细胞(rFib-CH,bMSC-CH)的相对端粒长度。
E-H图中,同一个体来源的细胞使用相同的颜色标记。*表示显著性差异与同源Fib比较,#表示显著性差异与相应的bMSC,bMSC-OB(bMSC分化得到的成骨细胞)以及bMSC-CH(bMSC分化得到的成软骨细胞)比较。*p<0.05,**p<0.01,***p<0.001,#p<0.05,##p<0.01,###p<0.001,n=3。
图3.衰老的bMSC成骨和成软骨分化能力较rFib差,并且rFib不具有致瘤性
A.不同年龄个体来源的bMSC和rFib成骨分化的茜素红染色。结果显示老年个体来源的bMSC成骨分化能力大幅下降,而同样个体的rFib保持了良好的成骨分化能力。
B.不同年龄个体来源的bMSC和rFib成脂分化的油红O染色。结果显示老年个体来源的bMSC成脂分化能力大幅上升,而老年个体来源的rFib保持了和年轻个体一致的成脂分化能力。
C-D.q-RT-PCR对相应细胞成骨(ALP)成脂(PPARG)标志基因的定量分析。结果与染色结果一致。
D.不同年龄个体来源的bMSC和rFib成软骨分化中COL2A1与MMP13免疫组化染色。老年bMSC成软骨分化后COL2A1低表达但MMP13高表达,老年个体来源的rFib则与年轻个体的COL2A1/MMP13表达相似。
F-G.q-RT-PCR检测不同年龄个体来源的bMSC和rFib成软骨分化后COL2A1与MMP13表达检测,与染色结果一致。
H.P9代与P13代rFib以及其同源P6代Fib的核型检测,结果表明rFib即使经过长期传代核型也与其Fib保持一致。
I.rFib畸胎瘤形成试验,人胚胎干细胞(hESC)作为阳性对照。hESC皮下移植到NOD/SCID小鼠生成了畸胎瘤(有明显的三胚层结构),移植rFib的小鼠未发现有肿瘤产生。
J.细胞端粒长度及端粒酶表达情况分析。rFib细胞较其同源Fib细胞端粒明显延长,并且在诱导完成后依然保持稳定,但诱导过程中端粒酶仅一过性的高表达,之后又恢复到低表达的水平,这点与肿瘤细胞不同(肿瘤细胞中端粒酶持续高表达),表明rFib在年轻化的同时不具有致瘤性。
6.1体外免疫调节试验
丝裂霉素C处理2.5小时,消化计数,细胞按1×105个细胞/孔接种于24孔板。淋巴细胞用羧基荧光素琥珀酰亚胺酯(CFDA-SE)在37℃下染色30分钟,并按2×105的密度接种于24孔板。使用最终浓度为2μg/ml的PHA刺激淋巴细胞的增殖。设置了5组:bMSC+淋巴细胞+PHA共培养组,rFib+淋巴细胞+PHA共培养组,皮肤成纤维细胞+淋巴细胞+PHA共培养组,淋巴细胞+PHA阳性对照组,淋巴细胞单独的阴性对照组。共培养5天后,各个孔中的淋巴细胞被采集并用PBS冲洗三遍。使用抗CD3,CD4和CD8抗体通过流式细胞仪检测淋巴细胞增殖情况。抗体均来自BDbiosciences。
图4.rFib在体外具有免疫调节功能
A.亲本Fib与rFib以及bMSC分别与T细胞按混合淋巴细胞反应法培养。从健康志愿者来源的PBMC使用CFSE标记。**p<0.01,***p<0.001,n=3,,显著性与“T+PHA”组相比。结果表明,rFib具有抑制T细胞增殖的能力,其同源的Fib细胞不具有抑制T细胞增殖的能力,表明rFib具有免疫调节能力。
B-C.rFib对CD4+免疫细胞亚型具有调节能力。
D-E.rFib对CD8+免疫细胞亚型具有调节能力。
6.2体内免疫调节实验
按1×106密度在10cm培养皿中培养过bMSC,rFib,皮肤成纤维细胞48h的培养液通过0.22μm滤膜(Millipore)过滤出去细胞或细胞碎片,并使用超滤离心管浓缩100倍。
对8~12周龄的C57BL/6小鼠按照25mg/kg体重通过尾静脉注射溶于PBS中的刀豆蛋白诱导急性肝损伤并且只注射PBS作为对照(Han et al.,2014)。每组6只小鼠。30分钟后,通过尾静脉注射不同的浓缩培养基或PBS。尾静脉注射培养基8.5小时后,处死小鼠。采集血液和肝脏。肝脏使用HE染色,流式细胞仪检测CD3+T细胞,血液检测ALT/AST。
血清ALT/AST的定量按说明书使用ELISA试剂盒(上海酶联)。每组测试了3个独立重复样本,数据显示为均值±SD。
图5.rFib细胞具有体内免疫调节的能力
A.使用刀豆蛋白诱导C57BL/6小鼠的急性肝损伤,使用浓缩的rFib的细胞培养液治疗。明显看出,rFib培养液治疗的小鼠肝脏无明显异常状态(出血、坏死等)。
B.测定尾静脉注射细胞培养液8.5小时后肝组织中的T淋巴细胞绝对值。结果发现rFib的培养液具有明显的免疫调节能力,与bMSC类似。
C-D.rFib培养液治疗的小鼠其血液ALT及AST都接近正常水平,没有明显的肝损伤症状。
6.3普通基因的PCR
总RNA提取根据TRIzol试剂盒(Takara Bio)的说明进行。RNA(1.0μg)反转录为cDNA使用PrimescriptRT试剂盒(TakaraBio)。对于q-RT-PCR,cDNA被用作模板与特异性引物和SYBR Green使用SYBR Premix EX TaqTMⅡ(TakaraBio)。循环条件根据制造商(Takara)的说明。相对表达水平使用内参(ACTIN)归一化。对于gPCR,基因组DNA被用作模板用于人特异性引物ACTIN使用Premix Taq(Takara Bio)。
实施例2rFib细胞具有骨缺损修复能力
在伦理委员会的批准下使用8至10周龄体重20~24g的NOD/SCID小鼠造股骨缺损模型,每组使用5只动物,造模方法如下:在戊巴比妥钠的麻醉下,切开皮肤及皮下组织,在股直肌和半腱间钝性分离暴露足够的股骨中段。手术在右侧股骨中心近交处进行。手术构建4mm×1mm的连续骨缺损。皮肤成纤维细胞(Fib),骨髓间充质干细胞(bMSC)以及rFib使用Hoechst33342(Thermo,NucBlue live cell)染色,然后混合Matrigel并移植入缺损部位5×105细胞/只小鼠。
移植28天后,小鼠注射致死剂量戊巴比妥钠处死。钝性分离小鼠大腿,使用4%PFA固定,使用μCT成像检测(SkyScan 1272,Bruker microCT),并分析采集到的数据。
图6.rFib具有不受年龄限制的骨缺损修复能力
A.小鼠股骨中段缺损模型手术操作示意图。
B.不同组小鼠股骨样本和H&E染色。年轻的bMSC(31岁)及rFib(39岁)都具有良好的骨缺损修复能力。
C.rFib细胞使用Hoechst33342标记,可自发蓝色荧光。修复部位切片显示,rFib细胞在缺损部位形成了新的骨,并且数量、位置与新生骨细胞一一对应。
D.不同实验组micro-CT分析:即使老年个体来源的rFib(62岁)也可修复骨缺损,而老年个体来源的rFib(62岁)的骨缺损修复能力很弱。
E.不同实验组micro-CT数据分析:年轻(39岁)与年老(62岁)个体来源的rFib的修复能力相近,说明rFib的骨缺损修复能力不受年龄限制。
实施例3,rFib细胞具有软骨缺损修复能力
关节软骨缺损模型和细胞移植
使用8至10周龄体重20~24g的NOD/SCID小鼠。改良的关节软骨模型用来评价rFib的疗效(Cheng et al.,2014)。关节软骨缺损(1.5mm×1mm)通过活检穿孔器在股骨远端的滑车凹槽中构建。细胞((2.5×105个于35μl Matrigel中)使用Hoechst33342标记并植入缺损部位。将不含细胞的Matrigel植入作为对照。
图7.体内软骨修复实验
A-B.软骨组织样本以及10μm切片的番红固绿染色。番红固绿染色中红色是软骨,绿色是骨组织。年轻的rFib(39岁)与bMSC(31岁)都可以修复软骨缺损,年老的bMSC(62岁)尽管能生成新组织,但并没有新生软骨,而老年个体来源的rFib(62岁)依然可以形成软骨组织。
C图,软骨修复Pineda评分,结果显示老年个体来源的rFib(62岁)与年轻个体来源的rFib(39岁)具有相似的软骨修复能力。
D图,切片显示,Hoechst33342标记的rFib形成了新的软骨组织。新生成的软骨组织与正常软骨的结构形态类似,无异常组织产生。
实施例4~12,使用不同的小分子化合物组合处理不同的时间,获得修复型成纤维细胞,鉴定方法同实施例1,组合见下表(表1)
表1,实施例组合与处理天数
实施例13,超级成纤维细胞的制备
1,构建crispr/cas9的敲除stat5a基因的载体质粒:以下质粒购买自cyagen公司。
pLV[2gRNA]-EGFP:T2A:Puro-U6>hSTAT5A[gRNA#4]-U6>hSTAT5A[gRNA#10]
pLV[Exp]-CBh>hCas9:T2A:Hygro
2,按照商品说明书转染病毒,转染病毒后第1天,移除含有病毒的培养基,更换为新鲜的完全培养基。在37℃含5%CO2的培养箱中孵育。
3,转染病毒第二天及以后,慢病毒携带的基因在第二天以后开始表达,细胞可以继续培养以进一步积累表达产物或改变细胞表型。
4,细胞扩增后,使用抗生素纯化病毒转染的细胞,细胞使用含10%FBS的HG-DMEM继续扩增培养;连续培养细胞150天。
图8.抑制STAT5基因可使皮肤成纤维细胞年轻化并获得多向分化能力
A.由WGCNA确定的12,036个基因筛选出rFib的KEGG通路富集的两个代表性模块以及几株诱导过程的样品中2个基因模块表达变化的盒图。
B.敲除STAT5基因后继续培养40天,免疫组化染色显示Fib敲除STAT5后(Fib-STAT5-KO)
H4K20me3(衰老标志物,越多越衰老)相比于对照显著减少。
C.衰老标志基因的鉴定(ATF3,GADD45B,IL6,CDKN1A,衰老的细胞表达高)。结果显示敲除
STAT5的Fib细胞衰老标志基因表达显著降低。
D.STAT5敲除后的Fib显示出成骨(Alizarin Red S,茜素红染色)及成软骨(Alcian Blue,阿尔新蓝染色)能力。
E-G.敲除STAT5基因后,细胞JAK1,STAT5的表达变化(敲除后降低),端粒酶(TERT)的表达情况(43天后高表达)以及端粒长度的变化(54天时显著延长)。
H.在成纤维细胞中调控Jak-Stat信号通路,使细胞和机体年轻化的示意图。
图9.敲除STAT5后STAT5以及H3K9me的变化情况
A.Fib敲除STAT5后STAT5A不再表达。
B.敲除STAT5对H3K9me无影响。
图10.另一株62岁(62Y)的Fib敲除STAT5后年轻化及分化能力的检测
A.衰老相关基因的检测。
B.成骨、成软骨分化的检测。
C-D.端粒酶和端粒长度的检测
E.STAT5表达情况的检测
F.使用Mix V+Mix P系统处理的同一株细胞的STAT5的检测。
实施例14,MSC细胞的年轻化
1,使用含有10%FBS的低糖-DMEM培养不同个体来源的骨髓间充质干细胞;
2,使用不同化合物组合处理细胞3天后,细胞继续在10%FBS的低糖-DMEM培养液中培养3天,此后进行β-半乳糖苷酶染色。
表2,不同化合物组合处理
图11.MSC细胞的年轻化,使用不同的化合物处理细胞3天后,进行β-半乳糖苷酶染色;55Y=55岁,82Y=82岁,Y=year表示细胞供体年龄。
实施例15,静脉注射rFib可延长衰老小鼠的寿命
从一个39岁个体来源的P9代Fib、P13代rFib以及一个从62岁个体来源的rFib使用Hoechst 33342
标记并溶于200μL DMEM.将细胞(106个/只)通过尾静脉注射到自然衰老的NOD/SCID小鼠中(43周龄,该小鼠平均寿命为36~38周龄,43周龄约相当于人类的86岁)。在溶媒组,仅注射200μL DMEM。待小鼠自然死亡后取材检测。
图12.rFib细胞可延长老年NOD/SCID小鼠的寿命,提高其骨密度
A.衰老小鼠的生存曲线;注射rFib细胞的小鼠无论细胞来源于年轻个体(39岁)还是老年个体(62岁)都可以有效延长小鼠的寿命,即使是年轻的Fib细胞也没有延长寿命的作用,其生存曲线与溶媒组无显著差异。
B.两组小鼠形态观察。43周小鼠已明显衰老(毛发凌乱无光泽,驼背),注射rFib细胞4周后小鼠状态明显改善,注射DMEM的小鼠4周后更加衰老;
C-E.分别是10周龄,25周龄,47周龄(43周注射DMEM,47周死亡),49周龄(43周注射rFib,49周死亡)四只老鼠的解剖大体照片,胃粘膜切片H&E染色,第三腰椎micro-CT分析图。图中可明显看出注射rFib细胞的小鼠胃肠道外观接近年轻小鼠(10W,25W),胃粘膜的厚度和密度以及腰椎骨小梁结构接近25W小鼠的状态,而注射DMEM组的衰老小鼠胃肠道有明显病变,胃粘膜短而稀疏,腰椎骨小梁缺失断裂严重;
F.Micro-CT数据分析:注射rFib的老年小鼠,其骨密度(BMD),相对骨体积(BV/TV)都更接近25周龄的小鼠,骨小梁数量(Tb.N)与骨小梁分离度(Tb.Sp)相对于注射DMEM的小鼠均有所改善(每组5只动物,*p<0.05,**p<0.01,***p<0.001,n=5)
G.p16Ink4a表达分析,注射rFib的老年小鼠与25周龄和10周龄小鼠无显著性差异,注射DMEM的老年小鼠p16Ink4a表达显著上升;
H.成骨(ALP)、破骨(TRAP)染色分析,注射rFib细胞的老年小鼠相比于DMEM组成骨表达显著增强,破骨表达降低;
I-J.成骨(I)、破骨(J)定量分析,注射rFib细胞的老年小鼠成骨破骨的表达接近于25周龄小鼠;
K.免疫组化染色显示,注射rFib的小鼠骨头中出现人源抗体(hCD29,绿色)阳性,同时表达成骨标志物Osteocalcin(红色),表明rFib在NOD/SCID小鼠体内分化为了成骨细胞。
L-M.rFib培养液中,GDF11(一种具有抗衰老功能的蛋白)以及PDGFA(有利于成骨的蛋白)的分泌量显著高于其同源的Fib,rFib的抗衰老及提高骨密度的功能可能与旁分泌作用相关。
图13.rFib细胞分布于小鼠多个脏器,并能分化为有功能的细胞。
A-B.rFib细胞分布于小鼠的胃、脾、肺、肝脏中(荧光法和PCR法检测)
C.rFib细胞分布于小鼠的骨骼中(PCR法检测,1#~10#表示小鼠编号,1#~5#为注射了rFib细胞的小鼠,6#~10#为注射了DMEM的小鼠)
D.免疫组化染色显示,注射rFib的小鼠骨头中出现人源抗体(hCD29,绿色)阳性,同时表达成骨标志物Osteocalcin(红色),表明rFib在NOD/SCID小鼠体内分化为了成骨细胞。
E.rFib的其他几种旁分泌物(BFGF,HGF,VEGF)与Fib相同或无显著,不是其发挥抗衰老功能的主要机制。
实施例16,静脉注射rFib可使老年骨质疏松动物的骨密度提高。
图14.rFib细胞可提高老年骨质疏松小鼠的骨密度
A.使用人源细胞,针对老年性骨质疏松(28W的NOD/SCID小鼠)进行干预。实验组采用1*106rFib细胞于200μL DMEM中尾静脉注射,对照组只注射DMEM,每周给药一次,共注射3周,从第一次注射起28天后处死取材,测量腰椎骨密度。Micro-CT结果显示,实验组小鼠的第三腰椎骨小梁结构更加致密。
B.实验组小鼠的Micro-CT数据分析结果显示,其骨密度(BMD),相对骨体积(BV/TV)以及骨小梁数量(Tb.N)都有所提高
实施例17,rFib细胞的培养液可促进动物皮肤创面愈合
使用C57小鼠在其背部造8cm宽全皮层缺损,Control组不进行治疗,rFib Medium组使用rFib培养液每天涂抹治疗。
图15.rFib培养液可显著促进皮肤愈合。rFib培养液组在造模后12天几乎完全愈合。
实施例18,rFib可改善小鼠的下肢缺血情况
结扎NOD/SCID小鼠单侧股动脉制备下肢缺血模型。术后采用激光多普勒验证模型成功后,于股动脉结扎点及其远、近端一次性注射细胞1×106。注射细胞后7天、14天使用激光多普勒检测血流量。
图16.rFib可改善小鼠的下肢缺血症状
A.激光多普勒检测小鼠下肢血流情况。结果显示,rFib及bMSC可显著改善小鼠下肢的缺血情况。
B.小鼠下肢在结扎后7天的大体照片,Control表示正常侧下肢,Ischemic表示结扎侧下肢。结果显示,rFib组及bMSC组结扎侧的下肢坏死情况明显较轻。
实施例19,不同化合物组合制备rFib细胞
1.皮肤成纤维细胞接种至6孔板并在皮肤成纤维细胞培养液中培养24小时;
2.将细胞培养液更换为小分子化合物组合MixY的rFib诱导培养液,每2天换液一次,处理细胞10天;
3.小分子化合物组合Mix Y处理后,将培养液换为加入了10%FBS的HG-DMEM,细胞继续培养3天后开始鉴定;或者使用rFib medium培养。
5.长期传代时,将rFib培养在MSC基础培养基中,当细胞汇合度达到90%时传代。
皮肤成纤维细胞培养液:10%FBS+HG-DMEM;或者品牌为HCell,货号为FMS003C的Fibstar-CO medium。
Mix Y:high glucose(HG)-DMEM supplementedwith 10%FBS,containingY-27632,5μM;Vc,0.2mM;EPZ004777,5μM;Forskolin,10μM;Repsox,1μM。
或者在品牌为HCell,货号为FGS0040的FibGro medium里添加Y-27632,5μM;Vc,0.2mM;EPZ004777,5μM;Forskolin,10μM;Repsox,1μM。
MSC基础培养基:10%FBS+LG-DMEM或者购买自Cyagen,货号为HUXMA-90011的骨髓间充质干细胞完全培养基或者品牌为HCell,货号为CRM0016-01的rFib medium。
图17,Mix Y处理抑制细胞STAT5,STAT3基因的表达(A-B),CDKN1A基因下调,端粒延长(C-D),细胞年轻化。
实施例20,不同化合物组合制备rFib细胞
1.皮肤成纤维细胞接种至6孔板并在皮肤成纤维细胞培养液中培养24小时;
2.将细胞培养液更换为小分子化合物组合Mix Pn的rFib诱导培养液,每2天换液一次,处理细胞7天;
3.小分子化合物组合Mix Pn处理后,将培养液换为加入了10%FBS的HG-DMEM,细胞继续培养3天后开始鉴定;或者使用rFib medium进行培养。
5.长期传代时,将rFib培养在MSC基础培养基中,当细胞汇合度达到90%时传代。
皮肤成纤维细胞培养液:10%FBS+HG-DMEM;或者品牌为HCell,货号为FMS003C的Fibstar-CO medium。
Mix Pn:HG-DMEM supplementedwith 10%FBS,containingVPA,0.5mM;CHIR99021,3μM;Repsox,1μM;Forskolin,10μM;Go 6983,5μM;Y-27632,5μM;AM5800.05μM;EPZ004777,5μM;Vc,0.2mM;
TTNPB,5μM;.5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine,10μM.
或者在品牌为HCell,货号为FGS0040的FibGro medium里添加VPA,0.5mM;CHIR99021,3μM;Repsox,1μM;Forskolin,10μM;Go 6983,5μM;Y-27632,5μM;AM5800.05μM;EPZ004777,5μM;Vc,0.2mM;TTNPB,5μM;.5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine,10μM.
MSC基础培养基:10%FBS+LG-DMEM或者购买自Cyagen,货号为HUXMA-90011的骨髓间充质干细胞完全培养基或者品牌为HCell,货号为CRM0016-01的rFib medium。
图18,Mix Pn处理下调细胞STAT5的表达(A),ATF3,CDKN1A,GADD45B以及IL6的表达(B-E)的表达被抑制,说明细胞年轻化。
实施例21,不同化合物组合制备rFib细胞
1.皮肤成纤维细胞接种至6孔板并在皮肤成纤维细胞培养液中培养24小时;
2.将细胞培养液更换为含小分子鸡尾酒组合Mix Y的rFib诱导培养液,每2天换液一次;
3.使用含小分子鸡尾酒组合Mix Y的rFib诱导培养液培养9天后,将培养液换为加入了10%FBS的HG-DMEM处理3~7天;
4.步骤3处理后,加入含小分子化合物组合Mix Pn2的rFib诱导培养液,每2天换液1次;
5.使用含小分子化合物组合Mix Pn2的rFib诱导培养液培养7天后,将培养液换为加入了10%FBS、
10ng/ml bFGF、100ng/ml PDGF-AB以及10ng/ml BMP4的HG-DMEM处理细胞3天;或者加入了10%FBS的HG-DMEM处理细胞3天;或者使用rFib medium进行培养;3天后开始进行鉴定。
6.长期传代时,将rFib培养在MSC基础培养基中,当细胞汇合度达到90%时传代。
皮肤成纤维细胞培养液:10%FBS+HG-DMEM;或者品牌为HCell,货号为FMS003C的Fibstar-CO medium。
Mix Y:high glucose(HG)-DMEM supplementedwith 10%FBS,containingY-27632,5μM;Vc,0.2mM;EPZ004777,5μM;Forskolin,10μM;Repsox,1μM。
或者在品牌为HCell,货号为FGS0040的FibGro medium里添加Y-27632,5μM;Vc,0.2mM;EPZ004777,5μM;Forskolin,10μM;Repsox,1μM。
Mix Pn:HG-DMEM supplementedwith 10%FBS,containingVPA,0.5mM;CHIR99021,3μM;Repsox,1μM;Forskolin,10μM;Go 6983,5μM;Y-27632,5μM;AM5800.05μM;EPZ004777,5μM;Vc,0.2mM;
TTNPB,5μM.
或者在品牌为HCell,货号为FGS0040的FibGro medium里添加VPA,0.5mM;CHIR99021,3μM;Repsox,1μM;Forskolin,10μM;Go 6983,5μM;Y-27632,5μM;AM5800.05μM;EPZ004777,5μM;Vc,0.2mM;TTNPB,5μM.
MSC基础培养基:10%FBS+LG-DMEM或者购买自Cyagen,货号为HUXMA-90011的骨髓间充质干细胞完全培养基或者品牌为HCell,货号为CRM0016-01的rFib medium。
图19Mix Y-Mix Pn2处理可抑制成纤维细胞JAK1的表达(A)并延长其端粒长度(B)
实施例22,转分化皮肤成纤维细胞为神经细胞
1.皮肤成纤维细胞接种至6孔板并在皮肤成纤维细胞培养液中培养24小时;
2.将细胞培养液更换为含小分子化合物组合MixNeu的神经诱导培养液,每2天换液一次;
3.使用含小分子化合物组合MixNeu的神经诱导培养液培养细胞5~12天后,可观察到长梭形的细胞形态变为神经细胞的形态,将培养液更换为神经细胞培养液,连续传代培养。
4.对转分化的神经细胞进行免疫荧光和定量PCR的鉴定。
皮肤成纤维细胞培养液:10%FBS+HG-DMEM;或者品牌为HCell,货号为FMS003C的Fibstar-CO medium。
MixNeu:HG-DMEM supplementedwith 10%FBS,containingA8301,0.5μM;bFGF,10ng/mL;EPZ004777,5μM;RG108,10μM;parnate,2μM;CHIR99021,10μM;Forskolin,50μM;VPA,0.5mM;AM5800.05μM;BIX 01294,1μM。
神经细胞培养液:DMEM/F12,5mL;Neurobasal,5mL;N2,1/100;B27,1/50;cAMP,100μM;
BDNF,20ng/mL;GDNF,20ng/Ml;KOSR,10%(v/v)。
图20,从皮肤成纤维细胞转化为神经细胞;
A.皮肤成纤维细胞转化得到的神经细胞的Tuj1染色;
B.Nestin表达量的鉴定。
实施例23,胚胎干细胞分化为神经细胞
1,消化贴壁培养的胚胎干细胞后,在神经诱导液里悬浮培养;
2,神经诱导液里培养10~15天后,可观察到有细胞球陆续贴壁,将悬浮培养的细胞球接种到用matrigel处理过的6孔板上,细胞贴壁培养,继续用神经诱导液培养5~7天。
3,细胞贴壁后,更换神经诱导液为神经细胞培养液;
4,对诱导细胞进行神经标志物的免疫荧光染色和定量PCR的鉴定。
神经诱导液:DMEM/F12supplementedwith 10%KOSR,包括bFGF,10ng/mL;Y-27632,5μM;
VPA,0.5mM;EPZ004777,5μM;Forskolin,10μM;Repsox,1μM。
神经细胞培养液:DMEM/F12,5mL;Neurobasal,5mL;N2,1/100;B27,1/50;cAMP,100μM;
BDNF,20ng/mL;GDNF,20ng/Ml;KOSR,10%(v/v)。
图21,使用小分子化合物作用,ES向神经分化过程中,STAT5基因表达上调。
实施例24,如实施例1制备的rFib细胞中信号通路的特征
如实施例1所示制备方法,对来源于不同个体的rFib细胞进行转录组的测序,通过WGCNA分析每个细胞样品的12036个基因,得到12个聚类模块。
图22,KEGG通路富集的模块
条形图显示KEGG通路富集的12个模块,每个KEGG通路的代表基因按照基因成员的顺序显示。盒图显示每个模块中基因平均表达水平的分布。
Claims (8)
1.一种使靶细胞去分化、转分化、年轻化的方法,其特征在于,所述方法采用含有小分子化合物或小分子化合物组合的培养基培养靶细胞,作用于JAK-STAT信号通路使靶细胞去分化、转分化、年轻化;
所述的小分子化合物或小分子化合物组合为:
VPA,0.05~10mM;CHIR99021,1~15μM;Repsox,0.5~10μM;Forskolin,3~50μM;Go6983,1~20μM;Y-27632,1~25μM;AM5800.02~1μM;EPZ0047770.5~15μM;Vc,0.2mM;TTNPB,0.2~20μM;或
VPA,0.05~10mM;CHIR99021,1~15μM;Repsox,0.5~10μM;Forskolin,3~50μM;SP600125,1~50μM;Go 6983,1~20μM;Y-27632,1~25μM;AM5800.02~1μM;EPZ0047770.5~15μM;Vc,0.2mM;TTNPB,0.2~20μM;或
CHIR99021,1~15μM;Repsox,0.5~10μM;Forskolin,3~50μM;或
Ruxolitinib,0.006μM;或
Ruxolitinib,0.006μM;S3I-201,10μM;或
Y-27632,1~25μM;Vc,0.2mM;EPZ0047770.5~15μM;Forskolin,3~50μM;Repsox,0.5~10μM;或
VPA,0.05~10mM;CHIR99021,1~15μM;Repsox,0.5~10μM;Forskolin,3~50μM;Go6983,1~20μM;Y-27632,1~25μM;AM5800.02~1μM;EPZ0047770.5~15μM;Vc,0.2mM;TTNPB,0.2~20μM;5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine,1~15μM;或
CHIR99021,1~15μM;5-Azacytidine(AZA),1μM~15μM;或
5-Azacytidine(AZA),1μM~15μM;Forskolin,3~50μM;CHIR99021,1~15μM。
2.根据权利要求1所述的使靶细胞去分化、转分化、年轻化的方法,其特征在于,所述靶细胞选自于哺乳动物的成纤维细胞和/或间充质干细胞。
3.根据权利要求1所述的使靶细胞去分化、转分化、年轻化的方法,其特征在于,所述哺乳动物选自人、鼠、猴和猪。
4.根据权利要求1所述的使靶细胞去分化、转分化、年轻化的方法,其特征在于,所述作用于JAK-STAT信号通路,具体为作用于该通路的STAT5(STAT5A和/或STAT5B)和/或STAT3和/或JAK1。
5.根据权利要求2所述的使靶细胞去分化、转分化、年轻化的方法,其特征在于,所述成纤维细胞从皮肤获得。
6.根据权利要求2所述的使靶细胞去分化、转分化、年轻化的方法,其特征在于,所述间充质干细胞来源于骨髓。
7.根据权利要求1所述的使靶细胞去分化、转分化、年轻化的方法,其特征在于,所述靶细胞在含有小分子化合物或小分子化合物组合的培养基中培养1-150天。
8.根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法制备得到的细胞产品在制备以下物质中的应用:
组织工程材料的种子细胞,组织工程材料的支架,修复损伤的哺乳动物组织、器官以及修复衰老退化的组织、器官的药物;
用于医学研究的材料或者免疫调节剂;
在体外/体内预防、延缓、逆转哺乳动物的组织、器官、机体衰老进程的药物;
用于细胞、组织、器官、机体重编程或者用于细胞、组织、器官、机体年轻化的药物。
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JP2021522859A (ja) | 2021-09-02 |
WO2019210851A1 (zh) | 2019-11-07 |
EP3789482A4 (en) | 2022-01-05 |
AU2019263863A8 (en) | 2020-12-10 |
US20210205369A1 (en) | 2021-07-08 |
CA3098924A1 (en) | 2019-11-07 |
CN110423719A (zh) | 2019-11-08 |
AU2019263863B2 (en) | 2023-03-30 |
AU2019263863A1 (en) | 2020-11-26 |
CN118006541B (zh) | 2024-10-18 |
SG11202010855XA (en) | 2020-11-27 |
CN117887659A (zh) | 2024-04-16 |
EP3789482A1 (en) | 2021-03-10 |
CN110423719B (zh) | 2024-02-27 |
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