CN117795151A - 纤维涂敷方法 - Google Patents

纤维涂敷方法 Download PDF

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CN117795151A
CN117795151A CN202280011626.5A CN202280011626A CN117795151A CN 117795151 A CN117795151 A CN 117795151A CN 202280011626 A CN202280011626 A CN 202280011626A CN 117795151 A CN117795151 A CN 117795151A
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mixing
coating
prepare
amphibole
mixture
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郭成根
郭多恩
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Macsumsuk General Medical Co ltd
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Macsumsuk General Medical Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种将麦闪石或粘土矿物涂敷于纤维的方法，将麦闪石或粘土矿物、硅酸锆、纳米银、丝兰提取物等作为原料进行湿式混合粉碎，并通过干法制备颗粒之后，进行干式粉碎，然后与溶剂混合来在面料进行涂敷处理，从而即使使用次数增加，涂层也不易分离，并且可以保持除臭性能。

Description

纤维涂敷方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种将麦闪石或粘土矿物涂敷于纤维的方法。
背景技术
用于制造垫子、被子、护垫、衣服(登山服)等的纺织品与使用者的身体接触，因此除了以往简单地保护使用者的身体免受外部侵害的功能外，近年来需要应用绝缘、通气、防水、拒水等更加多样化的功能。
本发明的发明人作为主要处理麦闪石的技术人员，对利用符合上述需求的麦闪石进行了大量的研究。
麦闪石(Macsumsuk)由下表1所示的组分组成。麦闪石为火成岩中属于石英斑岩的岩石，整体上具有容易被风化并破碎的特点，尤其是白长石常被高岭土化，黑云母也几乎被氧化并以氧化铁的形式分散存在。其特点是含有大量角闪石，已知存在α射线，并且α射线对生物有积极作用。麦闪石中产生的波长在8μm至14μm范围内，已知其为对活体最有益的波段的远红外线。
表1
图1示出韩国远红外线应用评价研究院测量的麦闪石的远红外线放射量。图1中放射量单位是基于70℃下测量的W/m2·μm，可以确认表现出与黑体类似的高远红外线放射量。
作为将上述麦闪石的功能应用于纤维面料产品的相关技术，“具有远红外线放射麦闪石床垫的睡眠床”(韩国授权专利公报第10-1034698号，专利文献1)中提出了通过将具有远红外线的放射、抗菌、除臭等功能的麦闪石应用于陶瓷片上，使得麦闪石的有益功能能够应用于床上用品。
并且，“利用麦闪石粉末混合物和银的无纺布及其制造方法”(韩国授权专利公报第10-0933138号，专利文献2)提供了一种将麦闪石粉末涂敷于无纺布纤维面料的技术。
在上述专利文献1中，通过对麦闪石粉末进行细小加工来用于面料。
然而，近年来有报道称纳米粒子对肺部健康产生不利影响等，并且由于加工时粒子分布的均匀性等的影响等诸多因素，许多观点认为，尺寸更大的粒子的应用优于微细纳米粒子。
由此，本发明的发明人在“利用麦闪石颗粒的远红外线和阴离子放射硅橡胶组合物及其制备方法”(韩国授权专利公报第10-2097714号，专利文献3)、“麦闪石颗粒抗菌塑料母料的制备方法”(韩国授权专利公报第10-1975955号，专利文献4)中提出了一种在橡胶及塑料加工过程中应用基于麦闪石的颗粒的技术。
上述橡胶或塑料容易将颗粒化的麦闪石应用于制备过程中，但在织物的情况下，不仅长丝的粗度多种多样，而且近年来，由于提供厚度非常薄的长丝，因此很难像专利文献3、4那样将麦闪石颗粒直接应用于形成纤维面料的纱线的制造。
因此，纤维面料需要应用涂敷，但尚未开发出将颗粒化的麦闪石涂敷于面料的技术。
现有技术文献
专利文献1：KR 10-1034698(2011年05月04日)
专利文献2：KR 0933138(2009年12月11日)
专利文献3：KR 10-2097714(2020年03月31日)
专利文献4：KR 10-1975955(2019年04月30日)
发明内容
技术问题
本发明的将麦闪石或粘土矿物涂敷于纤维的方法用于解决上述现有技术中发生的问题，其目的在于，提供一种能够将麦闪石或粘土矿物顺利应用于纤维面料(纺织品)的涂敷方法。
更具体地，本发明的目的在于，以麦闪石、粘土矿物、硅酸锆、丝兰提取物、纳米银等作为原料制备颗粒后，对该颗粒进行干式粉碎，然后在纤维面料进行涂敷处理，从而可以容易应用于纤维面料。
解决问题的方案
为了解决上述问题，本发明的将麦闪石或粘土矿物涂敷于纤维的方法包括：1)煅烧矿物粒子准备步骤，在准备麦闪石或粘土矿物之后，将其粉碎至0.1～5m/m的尺寸，并在800～1100℃的温度下进行煅烧来准备煅烧矿物粒子；2)混合步骤，准备硅酸锆(ZrSiO3)、纳米银、丝兰提取物并与上述煅烧矿物粒子混合来制备混合物；3)湿式粉碎步骤，在上述混合物中添加水之后，利用球磨机进行湿式混合粉碎来制备浆料；4)颗粒制备步骤，利用造粒机以喷雾干燥法加工上述浆料来制备颗粒；5)干式粉碎步骤，对制备的颗粒以0.1～50μm的尺寸进行干式粉碎来制备颗粒粉末；6)将上述颗粒粉末和氨基甲酸乙酯类溶剂混合并涂敷于纤维的步骤；7)表面处理步骤，使完成涂敷处理的纤维表面通过凹版辊来进行表面处理；以及8)层压步骤，将热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)层压并粘合于完成上述表面处理的面料表面。
上述结构的特征在于，在上述混合步骤中，混合90～98.8重量百分比的上述煅烧矿物粒子、0.1～5重量百分比的硅酸锆、0.1～1重量百分比的纳米银、1～4重量百分比的丝兰提取物。
上述结构的特征在于，在上述湿式粉碎步骤中，以混合物100重量份计，添加20～50重量份的水。
发明的效果
根据本发明，提供一种能够将麦闪石或粘土矿物顺利应用于纤维面料(纺织品)的涂敷方法。
更具体地，以麦闪石、粘土矿物、硅酸锆、丝兰提取物、纳米银等作为原料制备颗粒后，对该颗粒进行干式粉碎，然后在纤维面料进行涂敷处理，从而可以容易应用于纤维面料。
附图说明
图1为示出麦闪石的远红外线放射量的图表。
图2为示出本发明进行过程中制备的颗粒的电子显微镜测量照片。
图3为实验例1的试验成绩书。
图4为示出实验例1的试验结果的照片。
图5为示出实验例2的试验结果的试验成绩书。
具体实施方式
以下，对本发明的将麦闪石或粘土矿物涂敷于纤维的方法进行详细说明。
1)煅烧矿物粒子准备步骤
在准备麦闪石或粘土矿物之后，将其粉碎至0.1～5m/m的尺寸，然后在800～1100℃的温度下煅烧。
麦闪石(Macsumsuk)由上述组分组成，麦闪石为火成岩中属于石英斑岩的岩石，整体上具有容易被风化并破碎的特点，尤其是白长石常被高岭土化，黑云母也几乎被氧化并以氧化铁的形式分散存在。
其特点是含有大量角闪石，已知由于含有大量的氧化铝，因此存在α射线，并且α射线对生物有积极作用。
麦闪石中产生的波长在8μm至14μm范围内，已知其为对活体最有益的波段的远红外线。
已知该波段的远红外线可以激活活体细胞并促进新陈代谢。
基于未粉碎麦闪石时产生的远红外线的放射率高于麦闪石在岩石状态下产生的远红外线的放射率，粉碎麦闪石。
另外，除了麦闪石之外的粘土矿物也以相同的方式进行。
即，麦闪石和粘土矿物可以单独准备，也能够以它们的混合物的形式准备，它们的混合比可以为麦闪石：粘土矿物为1：0.1～5重量比。
2)混合步骤
准备硅酸锆(ZrSiO3)、纳米银、丝兰提取物并与上述煅烧矿物粒子混合来制备混合物。
硅酸锆由约10～100μm的粒子组成，可渗透到其他原料之间的微细气孔内部或固着于不规则表面的槽中，从而防止颗粒表面变得凹凸不平并使其光滑，进一步增加强度。
纳米银是一种抗菌物质，能够在颗粒中发挥抗菌特性。
丝兰是一种仙人掌，野生生长在从美国南部到中美洲的沙漠地区，美洲印第安人长期以来将丝兰用于治疗和保健目的。它们还以花、果实、种子、茎和根等各种方式烹调丝兰，并将其用作食物。在医疗用途上，丝兰已被有效地用于治疗风湿病和关节炎等，利用方法为将丝兰的茎切下并用水煮沸制成浓缩物，供关节炎患者使用或涂在关节上等。这些方法已在现代科学中得到证实，因而仍在世界许多国家用作关节炎治疗剂。
存在丝兰提取物应用于家畜饲料的事例，但尚未存在应用于纤维涂敷的事例，在本发明中，丝兰提取物起到去除纤维面料本身的气味、汗或排泄物等与面料接触后产生的气味等的作用。
为此目的的原料的配合比优选由90～98.8重量百分比的煅烧矿物粒子、0.1～5重量百分比的硅酸锆(ZrSiO3)、0.1～1重量百分比的纳米银、1～4重量百分比的丝兰提取物组成。
表2
在上述组成中，当硅酸锆(ZrSiO3)的含量小于上述最低含量时，纤维面料的质地不光滑，当含量超过最高含量时，面料价格变得太高。
当纳米银的含量也同样小于最低含量时，抗菌功能降低，当含量超过最高含量时，面料价格变高。
当丝兰提取物的含量小于上述最低含量时，除臭效果降低，当含量过高时，由于具有特殊气味，因而不适合。
根据如上所述的混合步骤的原料配合如下表2所示。
3)湿式粉碎步骤
在上述混合物中添加水之后，利用球磨机进行湿式混合粉碎来制备浆料。
在此情况下，以混合物100重量份计，可以添加20～50重量份的水。
4)颗粒制备步骤
利用造粒机以喷雾干燥法加工上述浆料来制备颗粒。
更具体地，颗粒制备方法如下：点燃造粒机的热风炉燃烧器使其升温，在炉内部温度升温至150～500℃的状态下，运转鼓风机将热量移至旋风分离器内部，当内部温度达到规定温度时，将喷嘴投入旋风分离器的下端部，并利用高压泵将浆料提升到上部。
在此情况下，纺丝的液体通过从旋风分离器上部侧面引入的热风而引起涡流并下落，并且原料中所含的水分由于内部热量而蒸发，由此获得形成有气孔的颗粒。
图2示出以如上所述的方式制备的颗粒的显微镜照片。
从图中可知，由于颗粒粒子内所含的水分在内部急剧汽化，此时形成的气泡的温度膨胀而压力增加，当压力达到规定压力以上时，就会穿透球形表面，形成如图所示的环形颗粒形态。
水蒸气逸出后的环形颗粒在水分子曾经所在的位置形成小气孔。
5)干式粉碎步骤
对制备的颗粒以0.1～50μm的尺寸进行干式粉碎来制备颗粒粉末。
粉碎可以利用棒磨机或干式球磨机等，粉碎后通过筛分仅筛选出尺寸在上述范围内的颗粒粉末。
进行干式粉碎过程的原因是减小粒度，因为若将成型的颗粒直接应用于面料时，面料表面的异物感增加并且可能发生它们容易从面料分离的现象。
6)涂敷步骤
将上述颗粒粉末和氨基甲酸乙酯类溶剂混合并涂敷(印染)于纤维。
作为氨基甲酸乙酯类溶剂，包括热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)等。
作为涂敷方式，可以应用以往公知的涂敷方式，也可以应用印染方式。
7)表面处理步骤
使完成涂敷处理的纤维表面通过凹版辊来进行表面处理。
当通过凹版辊时，表面变得光滑，提高拒水效果。
8)层压步骤
将热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)层压并粘合于完成上述表面处理的面料表面。
在此情况下，可以获得防水效果。
在层压步骤中，还可以在面料中附加棉或网布后，进行部分层压来获得所需的图案和层次感。
以下，对本发明的实施例以及用于与实施例进行比较的比较例进行说明。
实施例及比较例的面料涂敷
在将麦闪石以0.1～5m/m的尺寸粉碎后，在1000℃的温度下煅烧来制备粒子，准备以10～100μm粒度筛选出的硅酸锆、纳米银及液体丝兰提取物。
然后，按照下表的配合比混合原料来制备混合物。
表3
(A：煅烧矿物粒子，B：硅酸锆，C：纳米银，D：丝兰提取物)
随后，将100重量份的混合物与相对于100重量份混合物的30～50重量份的水混合之后，利用球磨机进行湿式混合粉碎来制备浆料。
然后，将浆料投入应用喷雾干燥法的造粒机并进行加工来制备颗粒。
随后，利用干式球磨机对制备的颗粒进行粉碎并以0.1～50μm的尺寸筛选来制备颗粒粉末。
随后，准备热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)并与颗粒粉末混合之后，分别涂敷于麂皮绒面料、纯棉、50％棉涤混纺面料。
随后，使完成涂敷的面料通过凹版辊来进行表面处理后，在完成表面处理的面料表面层压并粘合热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)。
实验例1：抗菌实验
将实施例1的并涂敷的麂皮绒面料委托给韩国建设和生活环境试验研究院进行抗菌实验。
实验方法依据KCL-FIR-1003：2018，实验结果如下：接种大肠杆菌及金黄色葡萄球菌，并在37℃左右的环境中经过24小时，结果大肠杆菌减少了99.1％，金黄色葡萄球菌减少了96.6％。
图3示出试验成绩书，图4以照片的形式示出试验结果的结果物。
实验例2：除臭试验
将实施例1的制备过程中的颗粒粉末作为样品委托给韩国建设生活环境试验研究院进行除臭实验。
实验方法如下：将20g试样放入5升反应釜中并密封之后，以50μmol/mol的初始气体浓度注入，在0分钟、30分钟、60分钟、90分钟、120分钟时测量试验气体的浓度，并将其设为样品浓度，在气体检测管(SPS-KCL12218-6218)中测量了试验气体的浓度。在试验过程中，温度保持在23.0℃，湿度保持在50％的相对湿度。另外，在无试样的状态下，以同样的方法进行测量，并将其设为空白。
通过下式计算每个时间段的试验气体浓度降低率。
试验气体的浓度降低率(％)＝{(空白浓度－样品浓度)/空白浓度}×100
试验项目为氨及硫化氢，实验结果如图5及图6所示。
从实验结果可知，在氨气的情况下，从经过30分钟开始样品浓度就表现出99.5％的降低率，在硫化氢情况下，浓度也降低。
实验例3：根据洗涤次数的涂层剥离程度的测量
实施例及比较例的每种各10片重复进行洗涤和干燥，测量涂层剥离开始的洗涤次数，计算其平均值并示于下表4中。
表4
如上表4所示，可知当重复洗涤和干燥时，实施例中的涂层的保存时间显著长于比较例。
实验例4：对触感(光滑度)的感官评价
选择10位专家对上述实施例及比较例的每种涂敷面料的触感进行评价，计算其触感的平均值并示于下表5中。
表5
*评价标准：(◎：非常光滑，○：稍光滑，△：一般，×：粗糙)
如上表5所示，可知实施例的面料的触感更优于比较例。
实验例5：对洗涤后触感的感官评价
选择10位专家对上述实施例及比较例的每种涂敷面料在刚制备后的触感及20次洗涤后的触感进行了比较。
评价触感，计算触感的平均值并示于下表6至8中。
表6
麂皮绒面料
表7
纯棉面料
表850％棉涤混纺面料
*评价标准：(5：非常好，4：好，3：一般，2：差，1：非常差)
如上表6至8所示，可知实施例的面料在第一次和20次洗涤后的触感几乎没有差异，而比较例的触感差很多。
实验例5：洗涤前后除臭性能变化测量实验
将28％体积浓度的氨水用4倍体积的水稀释来制备稀释液，将0.15cc的稀释液放入300cc的三角烧瓶中，使氨浓度达到160ppm之后，裁剪实施例及比较例的面料(麂皮绒面料)，分别加入20g试样，添加试验溶液后密封、放置，在60分钟后测量3分钟及60分钟后的臭味源浓度，并计算偏差。
在此情况下，刚制造后的样品和重复20次洗涤和干燥的样品各自的偏差示于下表9至11中。
浓度偏差＝3分钟后的浓度－60分钟后的浓度
表9
如上表9所示，实施例的面料在刚制备后或洗涤和干燥20次后的面料均具有较大的浓度偏差，并且彼此相似，但在比较例的情况下，刚制造后的浓度偏差小于实施例的浓度偏差，并且当洗涤和干燥20次时，浓度偏差仅为8，表现出几乎失去了除臭能力。

Claims (3)

1.一种纤维涂敷方法，其特征在于，包括：
1)煅烧矿物粒子准备步骤，在准备麦闪石或粘土矿物之后，将其粉碎至0.1～5m/m的尺寸，并在800～1100℃的温度下进行煅烧来准备煅烧矿物粒子；
2)混合步骤，准备硅酸锆、纳米银、丝兰提取物并与上述煅烧矿物粒子混合来制备混合物；
3)湿式粉碎步骤，在上述混合物中添加水之后，利用球磨机进行湿式混合粉碎来制备浆料；
4)颗粒制备步骤，利用造粒机以喷雾干燥法加工上述浆料来制备颗粒；
5)干式粉碎步骤，对制备的颗粒以0.1～50μm的尺寸进行干式粉碎来制备颗粒粉末；
6)将上述颗粒粉末和氨基甲酸乙酯类溶剂混合并涂敷于纤维的步骤；
7)表面处理步骤，使完成涂敷处理的纤维表面通过凹版辊来进行表面处理；以及
8)层压步骤，将热塑性聚氨酯层压并粘合于完成上述表面处理的面料表面。
2.根据权利要求1所述的纤维涂敷方法，其特征在于，在上述混合步骤中，混合90～98.8重量百分比的上述煅烧矿物粒子、0.1～5重量百分比的硅酸锆、0.1～1重量百分比的纳米银、1～4重量百分比的丝兰提取物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的纤维涂敷方法，其特征在于，在上述湿式粉碎步骤中，以混合物100重量份计，添加20～50重量份的水。
CN202280011626.5A 2022-07-27 2022-12-22 纤维涂敷方法 Pending CN117795151A (zh)

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