CN1177537A - 用于制作隔热的导管的方法 - Google Patents

用于制作隔热的导管的方法 Download PDF

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CN1177537A
CN1177537A CN97114694A CN97114694A CN1177537A CN 1177537 A CN1177537 A CN 1177537A CN 97114694 A CN97114694 A CN 97114694A CN 97114694 A CN97114694 A CN 97114694A CN 1177537 A CN1177537 A CN 1177537A
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pipe
outer tube
plastic
described method
flexible pipe
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CN1144668C (zh
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J·弗里斯纳
U·施奈尔
A·奥斯彻格
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Brugg Rohr AG Holding
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Abstract

一种制作隔热的导管的方法,其中的导管由至少一个内管,一个与内管有间距地同心布置的、波纹状的塑料外管和一个充满介于一个内管或者两个内管和外管之间的环状间隙内的发泡塑料层构成。其中,可发泡的塑料至于内管和塑料薄膜之间,通过发泡时生成的压力压入成型机的有波纹轮廓的半膜之中,从而使隔热层的表面为波纹形结构,外管紧紧贴靠将近固化的隔热层的波纹,使制成的导管有波形外表面,外管与隔热层的波纹外形精确配合。

Description

用于制作隔热的导管的方法
本发明涉及一种用于制作隔热的导管的方法。
德国实用新型DE-GM 9310530公开了一种隔热的导管，该导管由一个由交联聚乙烯制作的、内通介质的内管，一个由塑料制作的带轻微波形的护套和一个处于内管和护套之间的泡沫塑料层构成。该公开的导管主要用于远程和近程供热网中、用作饮用水和排水管路和其它的一些特殊领域。其特征在于具有理想的弯曲特性，即弯曲半径小，回弹力最小，高的静负载能力和良好的纵向水密性能。该导管可容易地被埋入沟内。
GB-A-1482661 A公开了一种用于制作隔热的导管的方法，其中，一根塑料管被连续地引入一台挤压机。该挤压机将挤出一与引入管同心且有一定间距的塑料护套。在同一工序中，一种可发泡的塑料被引入内管和护套之间的环状间隙中，其中，发泡塑料应充满环状间隙。管路用管在离开挤压机后直接进入一个冷却和定径装置，护套在该装置中被冷却并被精整到确定的外径。用该方法可连续地制作具有一个塑料内管、一个塑料护套以及一个介于内管和护套之间的泡沫塑料层的很长的隔热的导管。
DE-A-2803708公开了一种用于制作柔韧的多层隔热管的设备，该多层隔热管有一个其材质为热塑性塑料的、平滑的内管，一个其材质为热塑性塑料的外管以及一个介于内管和外管之间的隔热层，其中，内管被输往一台用于成形外管的管成形机，在该管成形机中，外管被同心地并与内管有间距地挤制。用一个螺旋压力机把泡沫塑料喷入内管和外管之间的环状间隙中。刚刚被挤出的外管被送入由循环的成形链构成的模腔内，被模腔支承外管并对其进行定径。在一个实施形式中，成形链具有一个波纹状的轮廓。通过在成形链和尚软的护套之间制造真空，尚软的护套可被抽入成形链的波纹模内，使护套具有波纹形的表面。
本发明的任务在于改进制造隔热导管的方法，使护套上的波纹可大大简化地，即毋须在循环的成形链上制造真空的情况下得以产生。
解决以上任务的技术方案在于
a)一个内管或者两个内管有间距地被一个成形为软管的塑料薄膜包裹，
b)一种可发泡的塑料被置于介于一个内管或者两个内管和塑料薄膜或者软管之间的区域内，
c)一个内管或者两个内管和软管被送入一个由可动的半模构成的模具中，半模的内表面具有一个波纹轮廓，
d)通过发泡的塑料，软管被压贴到闭合的半模的波纹轮廓上，
e)外管被挤制到软管的有波纹的表面上，其中，在外管从挤压模具的出口离开后，直接紧靠在软管的有波纹的表面上。
发明的要点在于，作为膨胀泡沫模具的、被用于形成管的塑料薄膜通过发泡时生成的压力被压入成形机的具有波纹轮廓的半模之中。据此，隔热层的表面为波纹形结构。在随后挤制外管时，外管紧紧贴靠将近固化的隔热层的波纹，使制成的隔热的管路用管具有波纹形的外表面。实现外管与隔热层的波纹外形的精确配合的主要根据在于，在隔热层和被挤出的、尚软的外管之间产生负压。
波纹是一种环形的或螺线形的波纹，这种波纹决定于成形机半模的波纹轮廓。
其隔热层和其外管已经固化的成品导管被一个带式牵拉装置牵拉。导管在带式牵拉装置的后方被卷成捆或卷取到一个电缆盘上。
用本发明的方法制作双管，即不送入一个内管，而是送入两个互有间距的内管也在发明的范畴之内。这种解决方案是在通常具有供给管路和返回管路的场合为远程供热管考虑的。
譬如平滑的或有波纹的塑料管，或者平滑的或有波纹的金属管可用作内管。所用的塑料薄膜是LLDPE薄膜并且其厚度为约0.05至0.5毫米。该薄膜必须有这样的结构特性，在发泡压力下它可紧密地贴在半模的波纹轮廓上。
该塑料薄膜的面对泡沫塑料的表面最好经过电晕处理，这样可使薄膜和泡沫紧密连接。由于挤出的外套也与塑料薄膜紧密连接，所以可得出具有良好的纵向水密性的管子。泡沫塑料最好是一种其反应期很短的聚氨酯泡沫塑料，就是说，泡沫在模具内形成。而这意味着，用以从贮备内管的滚筒上拉出内管的速度取决于模具的牵拉速度。为了使内管与外管精确同心，设有沿至少两个相互垂直的方向移动内管的装置。为此，设有一个辊对是相宜的。为了监测同心位置，具有泡沫塑料层的内管被能量很大的射线透射。在与同心位置有偏差的情况下，辊对被相应地朝加工方向横移。
借助在图中示意地示出的实施例详细说明本发明。
内管2从贮备滚筒1上连续地被引出。内管2最好是一种交联的聚乙烯管，在其壁上加有一层聚乙烯醇。内管2通过一个被驱动的定径辊对3被导向。定径辊对3可沿两个相互垂直的方向相对于加工方向横向移动。
LLDPE薄膜5从贮备筒子4上被退绕并包裹内管2与内管2同心地成形为一根具有可粘接或焊接的纵缝的开缝管6。一种以聚氨酯为基的或以聚乙烯为基的、可发泡的塑料混合物被置入尚敞开的开缝管6中。在以聚氨酯为基的情况下，用一个喷枪7把相互混合的成分喷到薄膜5上。
在有需要的情况下可把指示芯线8加到开缝管6中。
封闭的管子被送入模具9，该模具9由半模9a和9b构成，这些半模共同构成一个用于具有隔热层和薄膜5的内管2的“迁移模”(wandernde Form)。
半模9a和9b的面向薄膜5的表面具有波纹轮廓，薄膜5在发泡压力作用下紧贴到该波纹轮廓上。因此，出自模具9的管子10具有带波纹的表面。
管子10然后穿过一个x射线装置11，借助该装置11连续监测管子10的位置是否与内管2的精确同心。如果有偏差，则定径辊对3相应地被移动。然后，一个塑料外套13被一台挤压机12挤制到管10上，塑料外套13在负压的作用下紧密地贴到管10的波纹轮廓上。外套13基于其通过挤压所得到的高温与塑料薄膜5相粘合。
成品管14然后借助一个带式输送装置15被输送并在一个适宜的装置中被卷成盘捆卷。
管14也可被卷到一个图中未示出的滚筒上。

Claims (15)

1、用于制作一种隔热的导管的方法，其中的导管由至少一个内管，一个与内管有间距地同心布置的、波纹状的塑料外管和一个充满介于一个内管或者两个内管和外管之间的环形间隙的发泡塑料层构成，其特征在于，
a)一个内管或者两个内管有间距地被一个成形为软管的塑料薄膜包裹，
b)一种可发泡的塑料被置于介于一个内管或者两个内管和塑料薄膜或者软管之间的区域内，
c)一个内管或者两个内管和软管被送入一个由可动的半模构成的模具中，半模的内表面具有一个波纹轮廓，
d)通过发泡的塑料，软管被压贴到闭合的半模的波纹轮廓上，
e)外管被挤制到软管的有波纹的表面上，其中，在外管从挤压模具的出口离开后，直接紧靠在软管的有波纹的表面上。
2、按照权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，一个内管或者两个内管借助一个带式牵拉装置从贮备滚筒上拉出。
3、按照权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，塑料薄膜从贮备筒子上被引出，塑料薄膜被成形为一个软管，塑料薄膜的纵边被粘接或焊接，并且一种可发泡的聚氨酯混合物在粘接或焊接纵边前被置于塑料薄膜上。
4、按照权利要求1至3之一所述的方法，其特征在于，采用一种以LLDPE为基的、其厚度为0.05至0.5毫米的塑料薄膜。
5、按照权利要求1至4之一所述的方法，其特征在于，塑料薄膜的面对泡沫塑料层的表面是经过电晕处理的。
6、按照权利要求1至5之一所述的方法，其特征在于，一个或者两个塑料内管譬如是由交联的、具有扩散绝缘层的聚乙烯构成的。
7、按照权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，扩散绝缘由层聚乙烯醇构成并且是与聚乙烯管一起通过共同挤制而成的。
8、按照权利要求1至6之一所述的方法，其特征在于，具有平滑的或有波纹的表面的塑料内管被采用。
9、按照权利要求1至6之一所述的方法，其特征在于，具有平滑的或有波纹的表面的金属内管被采用。
10、按照权利要求1至9之一所述的方法，其特征在于，在进入模具前，一个或两个内管通过适宜的装置是横向于流动方向可至少沿两个相互垂直的方向移动的。
11、按照权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，一个可水平和垂直横移的辊子系统作用在一个或两个内管上。
12、按照权利要求1至11之一所述的方法，其特征在于，隔热的导管在挤制外管前被能量很大的射线透射，届时，一个或两个内管的位置被显示，并且一个或两个内管的位置与预定的位置有偏差由用于横移一个或两个内管的装置来控制。
13、按照权利要求1至12之一所述的方法，其特征在于，模具由在循环中被导向的、多块一起构成模腔的、具有横沟的模构成。
14、按照权利要求1至13之一所述的方法，其特征在于，外管紧贴在软管的有波纹的表面上是通过在处于泡沫塑料层上的软管和出自挤压机出口的外管之间引起负压实现的。
15、按照权利要求1至14之一所述的方法，其特征在于，外管与处于泡沫塑料层上的塑料薄膜相粘合。
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CN102785319B (zh) * 2005-11-16 2014-12-17 制造系统有限公司 成形设备的改进或者涉及成形设备的改进
CN104619740A (zh) * 2012-07-04 2015-05-13 巴斯夫欧洲公司 制备具有改进性能的泡沫
CN104619740B (zh) * 2012-07-04 2018-03-23 巴斯夫欧洲公司 制备具有改进性能的泡沫
CN104684722A (zh) * 2012-07-17 2015-06-03 巴斯夫欧洲公司 用于在管中连续制备泡沫的方法
CN105209813A (zh) * 2013-03-06 2015-12-30 布鲁格管道控股股份公司 绝热的波纹状导管
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CN114347523A (zh) * 2021-12-22 2022-04-15 荥阳市坛山热力保温管道有限公司 一种保温管生产线
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