CN117678466A - Spot-shaped alpine sandy grassland three-circle treatment method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-circle treatment method of a spot-shaped alpine sandy grassland, which comprises the following steps of (1) selecting and dividing an operation area, and dividing the operation area to be treated into a control area, a recovery area and a sealing area according to the characteristics of the spot-shaped alpine sandy grassland; (2) The control measures of the control area comprise three steps of building a mechanical sand barrier, a biological sand barrier and adding fertilizer, and (3) the control measures of the recovery area adopt two steps of building the biological sand barrier and adding fertilizer; (4) The prevention and control of the forbidden zone is realized by arranging a fence at a position 5-10 meters outside the recovery zone and carrying out annual forbidden grazing. The invention firstly provides a new operation area dividing method which can rapidly divide a spot-shaped sandy grassland operation area in a alpine area according to the characteristics of the sandy grassland; and then different treatment measures are adopted for the desertification grasslands in the control area, the recovery area and the forbidden area, so that the purpose of accurate treatment is achieved, and the spot-shaped alpine desertification grasslands are effectively repaired, and the repairing effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration methods or restoration methods, in particular to a three-turn treatment method for spotted alpine sandy grasslands.
Background
Since the 50 s of the 20 th century, scientific researchers in China have searched out 100 (set of) desertification control technologies and control modes nationwide, and are mainly concentrated on the northern sand control belt. In recent years, the desertification problem of the alpine grasslands is concerned in various aspects, and due to the fact that the climate zone and the unique topography and topography of the alpine grasslands, the desertification control of the alpine grasslands and the low-altitude sand areas have certain differences, the desertification control mode effect of the shoveling low-altitude sand areas is not ideal, and therefore scientific researchers are required to propose a proper control mode aiming at the desertification characteristics of the alpine areas.
Although the alpine desertification grasslands have concentrated and continuous areas, desertification soil which is distributed in a spot shape on high-quality grasslands in a larger area, especially in a dry water area and an overload grazing zone, if the desertification soil in the areas cannot be well treated, the desertification grasslands further expand and develop into the concentrated and continuous desertification grasslands.
At present, the ecological restoration of the alpine desertification grasslands mainly adopts a large-area mechanical material and biological implantation method, and the method has the problems of high input cost, unsatisfactory treatment effect and the like for the desertification soil treatment of the above type. In addition, severe natural conditions such as strong wind, short growing season, strong illumination, large rainfall and more disasters can increase the difficulty of desertification land management.
Therefore, a three-turn treatment method for the spotted alpine sandy grassland is needed to solve the technical problems and effectively improve the treatment effect of the alpine sandy grassland.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a three-turn treatment method for a spotted alpine desertification grassland comprises the following steps of method steps,
(1) The method comprises the steps of selecting and dividing an operation area, namely dividing the operation area to be treated into a control area, a recovery area and a forbidden area according to the characteristics of the spot-shaped sandy grassland in the alpine area, wherein the control area, the recovery area and the forbidden area form a three-circle treatment mode; the control area has obvious grassland desertification condition, the area of the mobile desertification land accounts for more than 10 percent of the total area of the land in the area, the plant community structure is obviously changed, and the area of the control area cannot be more than 100 multiplied by 100m; the division standard of the recovery area is that the area of the mobile desertification land is less than 10 percent of the total area of the land in the area, and the mobile sand is visible in the grassland, but the plant community structure has no obvious desertification trend; the dividing standard of the forbidden zone is grasslands in the range of 5-10m at the periphery of the recovery zone;
(2) The control measures of the control area comprise three steps of mechanical sand barriers, biological sand barriers and fertilizer adding;
(3) The prevention and control measures of the recovery area adopt two steps of planting biological sand barriers and adding fertilizer;
(4) The prevention and control of the forbidden zone is realized by arranging a fence at 5-10m outside the recovery zone and carrying out annual forbidden grazing.
Further, the control area control specifically comprises the following method steps:
(a) The mechanical sand barriers are built, the mechanical sand barriers are made of wheat straw, then the main wind direction is transversely marked in a desertification control area, the wheat straw is transversely paved on a marked barrier setting line, grass is pressed into sand from the middle by a spade for about 15cm, 15-20 cm is exposed on the ground, the grass thickness is 5-6 mm, two ends of the grass are lifted up and vertically stand on the sand surface, loam mixed with grass seeds and decomposed cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is pressed in the middle of the wheat straw, and finally sand on two sides of the grass row is crowded to the two sides of the grass row to vertically and firmly hold the grass belt.
(b) Building a biological sand barrier, adopting 'arbor+irrigated+grass' biological materials, digging a hole with a proper size in the center of the sand barrier before small arbor/shrub planting, vertically placing seedlings into the hole, backfilling loam mixed with grass seeds and thoroughly decomposed cow and sheep manure farmyard manure around the hole, and slightly compacting; the pasture is mixed and soaked before being planted, and can be planted in a drill after being cleaned and dried by clear water; lightly scratching the sand by a rake, wherein the ditching depth is preferably about 10-15 cm, then sowing the mixed grass seeds in the ditches, and the sowing depth is preferably 5-7 cm; the distance between the grooves is 10-15 cm.
(c) Adding Shi Feiliao, selecting cow and sheep manure farmyard manure with the organic fertilizer content of more than 85%, wherein the consumption of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is designed to be 15-20 t/hm < 2 >, the ratio of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is one of 1:2 or 1:1, mixing the fertilizer and the seeds when pasture seeds are planted in a drill mode, and simultaneously applying the fertilizer and the seeds into a ditch.
Further, the mechanical sand-protecting material of wheat straw in the step (a) is fresh, mildew-free and metamorphic wheat straw with the length of more than 50cm, which is used as the material of the sand-protecting material, and the specification of the sand-protecting material of the wheat straw is one of 1 multiplied by 1m or 1.5 multiplied by 1.5 m.
Further, the pasture in the step (b) is selected to be mixed into mixed pasture seeds with more than three pastures which are well expressed in the treatment of the local desertification grasslands, the mixing proportion is matched according to actual conditions, and the quality requirement of the seeds reaches the quality standard of more than the national level two; before sowing, the seeds are subjected to awn removal and cleaning treatment, so that the seeds are free of impurities and broken attachments.
Further, the recovery area control specifically comprises the following method steps:
(1) The biological sand barriers are built, the seeds are subjected to awn removal and cleaning treatment before the pasture is sown, no impurity and no broken attachment exist, the pasture seeds are subjected to seed soaking treatment, and the pasture seeds can be sown in a drill after being washed and dried by clear water; the harrow is used for gently scratching the sand, the ditching depth is preferably about 10-15 cm, then the mixed seeds are sowed in the ditches, the sowing depth is preferably 5-7 cm, and the distance between ditches is 10-15 cm.
(2) Adding Shi Feiliao, selecting cow and sheep manure farmyard manure with the organic fertilizer content of more than 85%, wherein the consumption of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is designed to be 13-18 t/hm < 2 >, the ratio of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is one of 1:2 or 1:1, mixing the fertilizer and the seeds when pasture seeds are planted in a drill mode, and simultaneously applying the fertilizer and the seeds into a ditch.
Further, the fence in the prevention and control of the forbidden area selects a braiding net fence, the fence construction technology executes the standards of grassland fence construction technical regulations (NY/T1237-2006) and national mechanical industry standard JB/T7137-937138.1-7138.3-93 of the agricultural rural department, the braiding net fence product quality score and the like reach the standards of JB/T51068-1999 first class, the grazing prevention measures in the prevention and control of the forbidden area are forbidden all year round, the grazing prevention period is more than 5 years, and animals such as cattle and sheep are not allowed to enter the working area to eat pasture and gnaw arbor and shrub during the grazing prevention and control.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the method, the operation area is divided into the control area, the recovery area and the forbidden area according to the characteristics of the spot-shaped high-cold sandy grassland in the high-cold area, and the three-circle treatment method of the spot-shaped high-cold sandy grassland is provided, so that the areas can be rapidly divided, the treatment methods of the control area, the recovery area and the forbidden area are different, the accurate treatment of each area is realized, and the spot-shaped high-cold sandy grassland can be effectively repaired.
The control area control method mainly comprises the steps of rolling various sand barriers, stabilizing sand surfaces, fixing flowing sand substances, and paving soil-based combined sand barriers if conditions exist, so that on one hand, quicksand is fixed, and on the other hand, a stable environment is provided for growth and breeding of later-stage implanted microorganisms and plants. Then, the cattle and sheep manure farmyard manure which is easy to obtain in the local area is selected for fertilization, so that the nutrient substances in the soil are increased, the physical and chemical structures of the sandy soil are improved, and a pioneer environment is provided for microorganisms and plants implanted in the later period. Finally, by planting the 'arbor-shrub-grass' biological material measure, the coverage of the control area is improved, the formation of biological crust on the ground surface is promoted, the flowing sand surface is fast and stable, and the aim of improving the environment of the control area is achieved in a short period of time.
The prevention and control of the recovery area mainly comprises the steps of sowing seeds and applying fertilizer, manually supplementing a substance foundation and a seed warehouse required by natural recovery of an ecological system, improving the vegetation coverage of the operation area in a 'manual+natural' mode, increasing the biodiversity, changing the physical and chemical structure of soil and achieving the aim of improving the environment of the recovery area.
The sealing and forbidden area adopts rolling fences and measures of preventing pasture from being raised, and components and structures of the degraded grassland ecological system are changed by reducing interference and depending on strong restoration capability of the ecological system, so that the aim of recovering typical alpine meadow is fulfilled.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
The invention provides a three-circle treatment method of a spotted alpine sandy grassland, which comprises the following steps of method steps,
(1) The method comprises the steps of selecting and dividing an operation area, namely dividing the operation area to be treated into a control area, a recovery area and a forbidden area according to the characteristics of the spot-shaped sandy grassland in the alpine area, wherein the control area, the recovery area and the forbidden area form a three-circle treatment mode; the control area has obvious grassland desertification condition, the area of the mobile desertification land accounts for more than 10 percent of the total area of the land in the area, the plant community structure is obviously changed, and the area of the control area cannot be more than 100 multiplied by 100m; the division standard of the recovery area is that the area of the mobile desertification land is less than 10 percent of the total area of the land in the area, and the mobile sand is visible in the grassland, but the plant community structure has no obvious desertification trend; the dividing standard of the forbidden zone is grasslands in the range of 5-10m at the periphery of the recovery zone;
(2) The control measures of the control area comprise three steps of mechanical sand barriers, biological sand barriers and fertilizer adding;
(3) The prevention and control measures of the recovery area adopt two steps of planting biological sand barriers and adding fertilizer;
(4) The prevention and control of the forbidden zone is realized by arranging a fence at the position 5-10m outside the recovery zone and carrying out annual forbidden grazing.
In 2019-2020, we selected typical spot-shaped desertification grasslands in X county of Sichuan province and X county of Gansu province, respectively, and implemented the method as above, with a total of 40 hectares.
Embodiment one:
the specific treatment method for selecting typical spot-shaped desertification grasslands from X county desertification grasslands in Sichuan province is as follows:
1. dividing a working area: the sandy grassland operation area to be treated is divided according to the standards of the control area, the recovery area and the forbidden area. The division standard of the control area is that the grassland desertification condition is obvious, the area of the mobile desertification land accounts for more than 10 percent of the total area of the land of the area, compared with the surrounding high-quality grassland, the plant community structure in the area is obviously changed, and the plant species takes sandy plants as dominant species; the division standard of the recovery area is that the area of the mobile desertification land is less than 10% of the total area of the land in the area, sand substances are visible on the earth surface and naked eyes, but the plant community structure does not have obvious desertification trend, high-quality pasture is taken as a dominant species in the plant community, and sand plants are common species in the plant community; the dividing standard of the forbidden zone is grasslands in the range of 7m at the periphery of the recovery zone, sand substances are not found on the surface of the grasslands, the plant community is expressed as the characteristic of the plant community of the alpine meadow degraded grasslands, the plant community takes high-quality pasture as a dominant species, and sand plants are the sporadic species in the plant community.
2. And (5) controlling measures in a control area. 1. And (3) establishing a mechanical sand barrier, and selecting fresh wheat straw with the length of more than 50cm without mildew and deterioration as a mechanical sand barrier material. Firstly, scribing the main wind direction in the operation area, then paving wheat straw on the scribed barrier setting line, pressing the grass from the middle into sand by about 15cm by using a spade, exposing 15-20 cm on the ground, enabling the two ends of the grass to be tilted up and stand on the sand surface, pressing loam mixed with grass seeds and decomposed cow and sheep manure farmyard manure in the middle of the wheat straw, and finally, crowding the sand on two sides to two sides of a grass row to enable the grass belt to stand and be stable; note that the auxiliary belt and the main belt are necessarily well connected, so that the auxiliary belt and the main belt are not blown away by wind at the notch to influence the sand fixing effect; the specification of the sand barrier is 1 multiplied by 1 meter; the amount of wheat straw was measured at about 16.5 tons per hectare. 2. And (5) planting biological sand barriers. The mountain willow and pasture grass irrigation materials are adopted for preparation; the mountain willow is planted by bare root seedlings with the root diameters of 0.7-1.5 cm, the seedlings are required to be dried and straight, the seedlings are fully lignified, the terminal buds are full in growth, the trunks are not forked, the colors are normal, the root systems are developed, and high-quality I and II-level seedlings with no serious mechanical damage and no plant diseases and insect pests are produced; planting the seedlings with a row spacing of 1X 1m by a hole planting method; the choice of digging 30 x 30 cm holes near the center point of the mechanical sand barrier before planting, then vertically placing the seedlings into the holes, backfilling loam mixed with grass seeds and decomposed cow and sheep manure farmyard manure around the seedlings, and slightly compacting the seedlings; pasture selection, perennial sagittaria and laowland, and annual oats, which perform well in local desertification grassland management; the matching ratio of the elymus tenuifolia to the old mango to the oat is 4:4:2; the seed quality requirement reaches the quality standard above the national level two; the seeds are subjected to awn removal and cleaning treatment before sowing, no impurity and no broken attachment are generated, the seeds are soaked, and the seeds can be planted in a drill after being cleaned and dried by clear water; lightly scratching the sand by a rake, wherein the ditching depth is preferably about 10cm, then sowing the mixed seeds in the ditches, and the sowing depth is preferably 5 cm; the distance between the grooves is not more than 15cm.3. And (5) applying fertilizer. The fertilizer is a biological organic fertilizer which accords with the national industry standard NY525-2021, and the content of the organic fertilizer is more than 85%; the dosage of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is designed to be 20t/hm < 2 >, the ratio of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is 1:2, and the manure and the seeds are mixed and applied to the ditches at the same time when the pasture seeds are planted in a drill mode.
3. Prevention and treatment measures of the recovery area. 1. And (5) planting biological sand barriers. A method of sowing pasture in a row is adopted. Selecting perennial elvan and old mango from pasture, and annual oat; the matching ratio of the elymus tenuifolia to the old mango to the oat is 4:4:2; the seed quality requirement reaches the quality standard above the national level two; the seeds are subjected to awn removal and cleaning treatment before sowing, no impurity and no broken attachment are generated, the seeds are soaked, and the seeds can be planted in a drill after being cleaned and dried by clear water; lightly scratching the sand by a rake, wherein the ditching depth is preferably about 10cm, then sowing the mixed seeds in the ditches, and the sowing depth is preferably 5 cm; the distance between the grooves is not more than 15cm.2. And (5) applying fertilizer. The fertilizer is a biological organic fertilizer which accords with the national industry standard NY525-2021, and the content of the organic fertilizer is more than 85%; the dosage of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is designed to be 16t/hm < 2 >, the ratio of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is 1:2, and the manure and the seeds are mixed and applied to the ditches at the same time when the pasture seeds are planted in a drill mode.
4. Prevention measures in forbidden areas. The fence is arranged at the position 6 meters outside the recovery area, the specification is selected to be a braiding fence, and the fence construction technology is used for executing the standards of first class quality of JB/T51068-1999, such as grassland fence construction technical regulations (NY/T1237-2006) and national mechanical industry standard JB/T7137-937138.1-7138.3-93, of the rural department of agriculture.
The prevention measures of the forbidden zone are also forbidden measures, the forbidden measures are forbidden all the year round, the forbidden period is 7 years, and livestock such as cattle, sheep and the like are not allowed to enter the operation zone to feed pasture and gnaw arbor and shrub during the forbidden period.
Embodiment two:
the typical spot-shaped desertification grassland is selected from the desertification grassland in the X county of Gansu province, and the specific treatment method is as follows:
1. the sandy grassland operation area to be treated is divided according to the standards of the control area, the recovery area and the forbidden area. The division standard of the control area is that the grassland desertification condition is obvious, the area of the mobile desertification land accounts for more than 10 percent of the total area of the land of the area, compared with the surrounding high-quality grassland, the plant community structure in the area is obviously changed, and the plant species takes sandy plants as dominant species; the division standard of the recovery area is that the area of the mobile desertification land is less than 10% of the total area of the land in the area, sand substances are visible on the earth surface and naked eyes, but the plant community structure does not have obvious desertification trend, high-quality pasture is taken as a dominant species in the plant community, and sand plants are common species in the plant community; the dividing standard of the forbidden zone is grasslands within the range of 10m of the periphery of the recovery zone, sand substances are not found on the surface of the grasslands, plant communities are expressed as characteristics of plant communities of the alpine meadow degraded grasslands, high-quality pasture is taken as dominant species in the plant communities, and sand plants are sporadic species in the plant communities.
2. And (5) controlling measures in a control area. 1. And (3) establishing a mechanical sand barrier, and selecting fresh wheat straw with the length of more than 50cm without mildew and deterioration as a mechanical sand barrier material. Firstly, scribing the main wind direction in the operation area, then paving wheat straw on the scribed barrier setting line, pressing the grass from the middle into sand by about 15cm by using a spade, exposing 15-20 cm on the ground, enabling the two ends of the grass to be tilted up and stand on the sand surface, pressing loam mixed with grass seeds and decomposed cow and sheep manure farmyard manure in the middle of the wheat straw, and finally, crowding the sand on two sides to two sides of a grass row to enable the grass belt to stand and be stable; note that the auxiliary belt and the main belt are necessarily well connected, so that the auxiliary belt and the main belt are not blown away by wind at the notch to influence the sand fixing effect; the specification of the sand barrier is 1 multiplied by 1 meter; the amount of wheat straw was measured at about 16.5 tons per hectare. 2. And (5) planting biological sand barriers. The preparation method adopts the grass irrigation material of 'golden plum + pasture'. The golden plum is planted by bare root seedlings with two-year-old root diameters of 0.5-1.0 cm, the seedlings are required to be dried straight, the degree of the lignification of the trunk is high, the color is normal, the root system is developed, and the seedlings have no serious mechanical damage and no plant diseases and insect pests and are high-quality I and II grades; planting the seedlings with a row spacing of 1X 1m by a hole planting method; before planting, a hole of 30 multiplied by 30 centimeters is generally dug near the center point of a mechanical sand barrier, then the nursery stock is vertically placed in the hole, soil mixed with grass seeds and decomposed cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is backfilled around the hole, and the soil is lightly compacted. Pasture selection, perennial sagittaria and laowland, and annual oats, which perform well in local desertification grassland management; the matching ratio of the elymus tenuifolia to the old mango to the oat is 4:4:2; the seed quality requirement reaches the quality standard above the national level two; the seeds are subjected to awn removal and cleaning treatment before sowing, no impurity and no broken attachment are generated, the seeds are soaked, and the seeds can be planted in a drill after being cleaned and dried by clear water; lightly scratching the sand by a rake, wherein the ditching depth is preferably about 10cm, then sowing the mixed seeds in the ditches, and the sowing depth is preferably 5 cm; the distance between the grooves is not more than 15cm.3. And (5) applying fertilizer. The fertilizer is a biological organic fertilizer which accords with the national industry standard NY525-2021, and the content of the organic fertilizer is more than 85%; the dosage of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is designed to be 20t/hm < 2 >, the ratio of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is 1:2, and the manure and the seeds are mixed and applied to the ditches at the same time when the pasture seeds are planted in a drill mode.
And thirdly, preventing and controlling measures in the recovery area. 1. The biological sand barrier is built and the pasture grass is planted in a drill way. Selecting perennial elvan and old mango from pasture, and annual oat; the matching ratio of the elymus tenuifolia to the old mango to the oat is 4:4:2; the seed quality requirement reaches the quality standard above the national level two; the seeds are subjected to awn removal and cleaning treatment before sowing, no impurity and no broken attachment are generated, the seeds are soaked, and the seeds can be planted in a drill after being cleaned and dried by clear water; lightly scratching the sand by a rake, wherein the ditching depth is preferably about 10cm, then sowing the mixed seeds in the ditches, and the sowing depth is preferably 5 cm; the distance between the grooves is not more than 15cm.2. And (5) applying fertilizer. The fertilizer is a biological organic fertilizer which accords with the national industry standard NY525-2021, and the content of the organic fertilizer is more than 85%; the dosage of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is designed to be 15t/hm < 2 >, the ratio of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is 1:2, and the manure and the seeds are mixed and applied to the ditches at the same time when the pasture seeds are planted in a drill mode.
Fourth, prevention measures in forbidden areas. The fence is arranged at the position 10 meters outside the recovery area, the specification is selected to be a braiding fence, and the fence construction technology is used for executing the standards of first class quality of JB/T51068-1999, such as grassland fence construction technical regulations (NY/T1237-2006) and national mechanical industry standard JB/T7137-937138.1-7138.3-93, of the agricultural rural department.
The prevention measures of the forbidden zone are also forbidden measures, the forbidden measures are forbidden all the year round, the forbidden period is more than 5 years, and livestock such as cattle, sheep and the like are not allowed to enter the operation zone to feed pasture and gnaw arbor and shrub during the forbidden period.
The invention and its embodiments have been described above without limitation. In summary, if one of ordinary skill in the art is informed by this disclosure, a structural manner and an embodiment similar to the technical solution should not be creatively devised without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A three-turn treatment method for a spotted alpine desertification grassland is characterized by comprising the following steps of,
(1) The operation area is selected and divided, and according to the characteristics of the spot-shaped desertification grassland in the alpine region, the operation area to be treated is divided into a control area, a recovery area and a sealing area, and the control area, the recovery area and the sealing area form a three-circle treatment mode. The control area has obvious grassland desertification condition, the area of the mobile desertification land accounts for more than 10 percent of the total area of the land in the area, the plant community structure is obviously changed, and the area of the control area cannot be more than 100 multiplied by 100m; the division standard of the recovery area is that the area of the mobile desertification land is less than 10 percent of the total area of the land in the area, and the mobile sand is visible in the grassland, but the plant community structure has no obvious desertification trend; the dividing standard of the forbidden zone is grasslands in the range of 5-10m at the periphery of the recovery zone;
(2) The control measures of the control area comprise three steps of mechanical sand barriers, biological sand barriers and fertilizer adding;
(3) The prevention and control measures of the recovery area adopt two steps of planting biological sand barriers and adding fertilizer;
(4) The prevention and control of the forbidden zone is realized by arranging a fence at 5-10m outside the recovery zone and carrying out annual forbidden grazing.
2. The method for three-turn treatment of the spotted alpine sandy grassland according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the control area control specifically comprises the following method steps:
(a) The mechanical sand barriers are built, the mechanical sand barriers are made of wheat straw, then the main wind direction is transversely marked in a desertification control area, the wheat straw is transversely paved on a marked barrier setting line, grass is pressed into sand from the middle by a spade for about 15cm, 15-20 cm is exposed on the ground, the grass thickness is 5-6 mm, two ends of the grass are lifted up and vertically stand on the sand surface, loam mixed with grass seeds and decomposed cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is pressed in the middle of the wheat straw, and finally sand on two sides of the grass row is crowded to the two sides of the grass row to vertically and firmly hold the grass belt.
(b) Building a biological sand barrier, adopting 'arbor+irrigated+grass' biological materials, digging a hole with a proper size in the center of the sand barrier before small arbor/shrub planting, vertically placing seedlings into the hole, backfilling loam mixed with grass seeds and thoroughly decomposed cow and sheep manure farmyard manure around the hole, and slightly compacting; the pasture is mixed and soaked before being planted, and can be planted in a drill after being cleaned and dried by clear water; lightly scratching the sand by a rake, wherein the ditching depth is preferably about 10-15 cm, then sowing the mixed grass seeds in the ditches, and the sowing depth is preferably 5-7 cm; the distance between the grooves is 10-15 cm.
(c) Adding Shi Feiliao, selecting cow and sheep manure farmyard manure with the organic fertilizer content of more than 85%, wherein the consumption of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is designed to be 15-20 t/hm < 2 >, the ratio of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is one of 1:2 or 1:1, mixing the fertilizer and the seeds when pasture seeds are planted in a drill mode, and simultaneously applying the fertilizer and the seeds into a ditch.
3. The method for three-turn treatment of the spot-shaped alpine sandy grassland, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the mechanical sand barrier material in the step (a) is selected from fresh wheat straw with the length of more than 50cm without mildew and deterioration as the sand barrier material, and the specification of the wheat straw sand barrier is one of 1 multiplied by 1m or 1.5 multiplied by 1.5 m.
4. The method for three-turn treatment of the spotted alpine sandy grassland according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the pasture in the step (b) is selected to be mixed into mixed pasture seeds with more than three pastures which are well treated in the local desertification grassland, the mixing proportion is proportioned according to actual conditions, and the quality requirement of the seeds reaches more than the national grade II quality standard; before sowing, the seeds are subjected to awn removal and cleaning treatment, so that the seeds are free of impurities and broken attachments.
5. The method for three-turn treatment of the spot-shaped alpine sandy grassland, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the recovery area control specifically comprises the following method steps:
(1) The biological sand barriers are built, the seeds are subjected to awn removal and cleaning treatment before the pasture is sown, no impurity and no broken attachment exist, the pasture seeds are subjected to seed soaking treatment, and the pasture seeds can be sown in a drill after being washed and dried by clear water; the harrow is used for gently scratching the sand, the ditching depth is preferably about 10-15 cm, then the mixed seeds are sowed in the ditches, the sowing depth is preferably 5-7 cm, and the distance between ditches is 10-15 cm.
(2) Adding Shi Feiliao, selecting cow and sheep manure farmyard manure with the organic fertilizer content of more than 85%, wherein the consumption of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is designed to be 13-18 t/hm < 2 >, the ratio of the cow and sheep manure farmyard manure is one of 1:2 or 1:1, mixing the fertilizer and the seeds when pasture seeds are planted in a drill mode, and simultaneously applying the fertilizer and the seeds into a ditch.
6. The method for three-turn treatment of the spot-shaped alpine sandy grassland, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the fence in the control of the forbidden area selects a braiding net fence, and the fence construction technology executes the technical regulations of grassland net fence construction (NY/T1237-2006) and the national mechanical industry standard JB/T7137-937138.1-7138.3-93 of the agricultural rural department, and the quality of the braiding net fence product reaches the standard of JB/T51068-1999 first class products; the grazing inhibition measures in the prevention and control of the sealing inhibition area are that grazing is inhibited all the year round, the grazing inhibition period is more than 5 years, and livestock such as cattle, sheep and the like are not allowed to enter the operation area to eat pasture during the grazing inhibition period, so that arbor and shrubs are gnawed.
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