CN1173685C - 用于防治脱发的美容组合物 - Google Patents

用于防治脱发的美容组合物 Download PDF

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CN1173685C
CN1173685C CNB988101955A CN98810195A CN1173685C CN 1173685 C CN1173685 C CN 1173685C CN B988101955 A CNB988101955 A CN B988101955A CN 98810195 A CN98810195 A CN 98810195A CN 1173685 C CN1173685 C CN 1173685C
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贾恩卡洛·韦罗纳
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Abstract

本发明通过了可用于防治脱发和皮脂溢的新组合物,其中包括:含香精油的植物经醇蒸馏得到的香精油,以及共用的水杨酸和含10-14个碳原子的脂肪酸。

Description

用于防治脱发的美容组合物
                      技术领域
本发明涉及用于防治脱发的新组合物,该组合物含有血管促动剂(vasokinetic)、抗菌剂和抗雄激素活性成分的混合物。由文献和美容实践中已知脱发是受“头皮帽状腱膜”内毛囊(periferic)微循环降低的消极影响,该降低是由于微生物菌丛有关的改变和局部雄激素代谢改变造成的。一般认为雄激素特别是二氢睾酮在毛球中沉积的增加对与雄激素有关的脱发症的发病起重要作用。
                      背景技术
日本专利JP-8310923中,认为由苦橙皮、洋苏草、椒样薄荷、蓝桉、魁蒿和迷迭香叶和花经水蒸汽蒸馏得到的精油是睾酮5-α-还原酶的抑制剂,并由此可用于治疗脱发、多毛症和皮脂溢。欧洲专利EP-433131A请求保护的是加入脂类成分的精油,其中脂类成分中含有已知的血管扩张剂如烟酸甲酯或其他可用于预防脱发或头屑形成的合成化合物,以及类似的抗寄生虫剂。这类精油的化学组合物并未报道,它们的作用也容易被最终组合物中的其他合成化合物阻断了。
                      发明内容
目前,用醇提取单一植物或某些植物混合物,然后经蒸馏可得到单萜混合物,意外地发现其具有血管促动、抗菌和抗皮脂溢活性。精油的抗菌活性是已知的,但其从未与显著的血管促动活性相关连,采用激光多普勒技术和计算机视频血管观察仪,通过涂敷混合物前后对被治疗皮肤区域上血流的控制来证明其血管促动活性。
将单萜混合物、已知能显著抑制环氧合酶I和II的水杨酸、以及酰基链含10-14个碳原子的饱和及不饱和脂肪酸(特别是12个碳原子脂肪酸,如月桂酸和肉豆蔻酸)共用,发现其特别适用于治疗正常条件下的脱发和雄激素脱发症。可将商用的单一单萜按适当比例混合制成单萜混合物,或者更好是将迄今从未用于防治脱发的某些含香精油的hexotic植物的根、茎、叶、皮和种子加以混合(迷迭香清油除外,其美容功效是已知的,但所依据的机理与本发明所述的不同),将其浸入70%乙醇中,最终经常压蒸馏收集含有所需单萜的醇。
例如,可通过以下方法制备香精油混合物:在1.2升70%乙醇中浸入等重量的以下植物的根茎:姜黄、肉豆蔻、古蓬香草(Ferulagalbaniflua)、苏合香、良姜、白菖、芦芸、美人蕉(Cannariumcomune)、没药树、丁子香、肉桂、蓬莪术、山金车、迷迭香,以及少量松节油,各植物原料的用量为10-50克,优选20克,室温下搅拌2天,然后在常压下蒸馏乙醇,收集0.7-0.95升馏出液,优选0.850升馏出液,经适量水稀释,优选稀释至50%(重量),去除不溶性油性残余物后,即可用于抑制脱发,或用作添加其他活性成分的基液。具体可将蒸馏得到的混合物经25-75%(重量)水醇溶液稀释(优选不超过50%),然后与水杨酸和薄荷醇混合,浸渍3-60天,优选30天,使用前除去不溶性油性残余物。
本发明的第一个主题是所述的水醇混合物,其中包括作为主要成分的β-蒎烯、莰烯、β-月桂烯、柠檬烯、桉树脑(1,8-环氧-对-薄荷烷)、樟脑、里哪醇、乙酸冰片酯、乙酸异冰片酯、薄荷醇、松油醇、异冰片,其比率相应于附图的气相色谱;其中,峰1对应于莰烯,峰2对应于β-蒎烯,峰3对应于β-月桂烯,峰4对应于柠檬烯,峰5对应于桉树脑,峰6对应于樟脑,峰7对应于里哪醇,峰8对应于乙酸冰片酯和乙酸异冰片酯、峰9对应于松油醇,峰10对应于薄荷醇,和峰11对应于异冰片。所述的色谱采用HP-Innowax色谱柱(交联聚乙二醇,19091 N-133部分的N.,30m×0.25mm I.D.,膜厚度0.25μm),根据以下温度程序:60℃×5分钟,3°/分钟下60℃至250℃;250℃3分钟;经PTV(程控温度汽化器)注入,120-250℃。在水杨酸或其盐的混合物以及脂肪酸的混合物中加入抗雄激素活性成分,能达到意外的减少脱发、促进头发生长和头发强度的协同效果。因此,本发明的第二个目的是一种制剂,其中含有上述混合物和与该混合物共用的水杨酸或其盐,以及与饱和或不饱和的C10-C14脂肪酸。
本发明优选实施方案中,采用的是在0.9升乙醇中浸渍20g姜黄茎、20g肉豆蔻籽、20g肉桂皮、20g丁子香花、20g白菖茎、20g姜茎和20g良姜得到香精油混合物。一天后,在浸渍产品中加入古蓬香草、苏合香、芦芸、美人蕉、没药树、山金车、迷迭香、松节油的树脂油,用量可为5-50g的不同值,有利于树脂油的醇分散性。
然后加水,最高加至醇的浓度约为70%,然后在40℃下搅拌该混合物2小时,开始蒸馏,收集约0.85升醇馏出液。馏出液为无色透明液体,具有浓烈香味。
馏出液中无需加入其他成分,其本身就具有血管促动、抗菌和抗皮脂溢活性。
含单萜的水醇混合物能增进毛细血管水平的血流体积和流速,如上所述,这对原发性和继发性脱发非常重要。实际上,将混合物涂敷在皮肤上时,其使各器官部位的血流完整,并尤其提高了“头皮帽状腱膜”内的血流,由表I所列数据得出该结果,其中采用激光多普勒仪测定出该血流增量。
表I.单独施用1∶1经水稀释的醇馏出液后采用激光多普勒仪测定皮肤血流变化。
成分       0′      30′      60′      90′     120′
馏出液     4.45     13.33     14.12     9.7      10.32
空白相     5.24     5.63      7.78      4.64     6.61
施用本发明的组合物经1周-3月的不同时间能令雄激素脱发现象显著降低,由表II和表III所列数据得出该结果。表II显示出应用实施例I的组合物可以增进血流,由激光多普勒分析得出该结果。采用激光多普勒流量计测定血管促动作用,所用的PeriFlux(R)PF3流量计是可发射出波长为632nm的单色光灵敏光束的仪器,光束由氦-氖激光源发出。根据该技术,先测定头皮血流的基本情况,然后在首次涂敷被测产品15分钟后测定头皮血流的情况(急性作用),然后经30、60和90天处理后测定(慢性作用)。所得结果见表II。
表II采用实施例I制备的水剂经局部涂敷(90天)后毛细血管血流平均作用效果
治疗        基本情况                 毛细血管血流(AU30m±e.s.)
                          15分钟         30天        60天           90天
醇馏出液    9.2±1.0    23.1±3.0*   11.7±2.4    16.8±1.2*   16.7±1.1*
空白相      9.4±1.2    10.0±1.3     10.7±1.5    11.0±1.1     11.5±0.9
化合物水剂  9.3±1.1    24.0±3.1*   18.1±2.5    20.1±1.3*   19.4±1.0*
*=裂区作图(Bonferroni′s t)进行变量分析的结果中,相对于基本情况的p<0.01。N=10。
将毛发被测者随机分为10组,用于评估组合物在治疗开始和结束(90天)时对脱发抑制的作用。从前额到侧颈的毛发被由带橡胶的镊子抽取适当数(50根)。
采用发根微观试验评估毛发在毛发生长旺盛期(成长期)、毛发生长成熟期(成熟期)、毛发生长静止期(静止期)的毛发质量。与正常值(分别约为85-90%和10-15%)相比,成长期毛发百分比降低和静止期毛发百分比增高是病理性脱发的临床证据。
表III-采用实施例I制备的水剂经局部涂敷(90天)后的毛发作用效果
治疗                               毛发(%-m±e.s.)
醇馏出液                  毛发生长静止期    毛发生长时盛期+成熟期
                 之前         76±3               24±1
                90天之后      81±3               19±1
醇馏出液+        之前         78±2               22±1
水杨酸
                90天之后      82±2               18±1
醇馏出液+        之前         74±2               26±2
水杨酸+脂肪酸
                90天之后      86±3*             14±1*
*=相对于基本情况,计算值的p<0.01。
上述结果表明,长期每日局部涂敷醇馏出液制剂,可以令皮肤产生良好的长效头皮微血管促动效果。毛发生长静止期、旺盛期和成熟期的毛发学参数同样表明这一结果。将馏出液与其他成分共用,如与低分子量饱和和不饱和脂肪酸共用,可以阻断雄激素受体,使毛发生长静止期-生长旺盛期-生长成熟期的比率产生净增长。通过增加血流和由此增加营养物质的皮肤治疗,几天后可产生显著的皮肤改善,其中包括充盈毛细管增加和头屑减少;毛球正常开放,皮脂分泌正常。
本发明的美容组合物为水醇水剂形式(优选用于头皮护理),或为凝胶形式,用于治疗脱发和皮脂溢。
优选治疗用混合物含有水醇混合物,浓度为5-20%,优选为10%,脂肪酸浓度为0.1-0.5%,优选为0.25%,水杨酸浓度为0.1-1%,优选为0.3%。
采用这些成分的治疗期为几天到6个月。
                     附图描述
图1是表征本发明所述水醇混合物组成的气相色谱图。
                   具体实施方式
以下所述的为本发明组合物的实施例,但其对本发明不构成任何限定。
实施例I-高含量香精油的馏出液的制备,其为头皮护理用美容组合物的基液。
将0.9升乙醇倒入2升烧瓶中,加入(粉碎的)20g姜黄茎、20g肉豆蔻籽、20g肉桂皮、20g丁子香花、20g白菖茎、20g姜茎和20g良姜,搅拌浸渍1天。不除去植物成分,在浸渍产物中加入10g古蓬香草、苏合香、美人蕉、没药树、迷迭香树脂油;然后加入20g松节油以利于树脂油在醇中的分散。经2天浸渍,加水,最高加至醇的浓度约为70%,然后在40℃下搅拌该混合物2小时,常压蒸馏,收集约0.85升醇馏出液。馏出液的主要成分为β-蒎烯、莰烯、β-月桂烯、柠檬烯、桉树脑(1,8-环氧-对-薄荷烷)、樟脑、里哪醇、乙酸冰片酯、乙酸异冰片酯、薄荷醇、松油醇、异冰片,比率相应于附图的气相色谱。
实施例II-含香精油、水杨酸和月桂酸的水剂
100g水剂中含:
21g实施例1的馏出液
0.3g水杨酸
0.2 g月桂酸
6.9g迷迭香精油
0.79g Pantasol P
1.18g薄荷醇
34g Rhum芳香化醇
去离子水适量加至100g
实施例III-含香精油、月桂酸、80∶20四环聚硅氧烷和五环聚硅氧烷混合物的水剂
100g水剂中含:
21g实施例1的香精油馏出液
0.2g月桂酸
0.08g樟脑
15g 80∶20四环聚硅氧烷和五环聚硅氧烷
1.18g薄荷醇
95°乙醇和水制得浓度为50%的醇,适量加至100ml。

Claims (11)

1.β-蒎烯、莰烯、β-月桂烯、柠檬烯、桉树脑(1,8-环氧-对-薄荷烷)、樟脑、里哪醇、乙酸冰片酯、乙酸异冰片酯、薄荷醇、松油醇、异冰片的水醇混合物,其比率相应于附图的气相色谱;其中,峰1对应于莰烯,峰2对应于β-蒎烯,峰3对应于β-月桂烯,峰4对应于柠檬烯,峰5对应于桉树脑,峰6对应于樟脑,峰7对应于里哪醇,峰8对应于乙酸冰片酯和乙酸异冰片酯、峰9对应于松油醇,峰10对应于薄荷醇,和峰11对应于异冰片。
2.权利要求1混合物与水杨酸或其盐、C10-14饱和或不饱和脂肪酸的组合物。
3.权利要求2的组合物,其中权利要求1的混合物的浓度为5-20%(重量),水杨酸为0.1-1%(重量),脂肪酸为0.1-0.5%(重量)。
4.权利要求3的组合物,其中所述混合物的浓度为10%(重量),水杨酸的浓度为0.3%(重量),脂肪酸的浓度为0.25%(重量)。
5.含权利要求2-4中任一组合物与可药用的载体和赋形剂的美容组合物。
6.权利要求5的组合物,该组合物为水醇水剂和凝胶形式。
7.制备权利要求1的混合物的方法,其中包括:
(a)用70%乙醇在室温下经2天搅拌浸渍一种或多种以下成分的根、茎、叶、皮和种子部分,它们选自:姜黄、肉豆蔻、肉桂、丁子香、白菖、姜、良姜、古蓬香草、苏合香、芦芸、美人蕉、没药树、山金车、迷迭香,以及松节油;
(b)将(a)步得到产品在40℃下常压蒸馏;
(c)用水稀释(b)步得到的产品,去除不溶性油性残余物。
8.权利要求7的方法,其中各植物或其部分的用量为10-50g。
9.权利要求7的方法,其中所述用量为20g。
10.由权利要求7-9的方法所得的水醇混合物。
11.权利要求1的水醇混合物的用途,其可与水杨酸或水杨酸盐、C10-14饱和或不饱和脂肪酸共用于制备脱发和皮脂溢治疗用美容组合物。
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