CN1170410A - 在环氧树脂组合物中用作乳化剂或活性稀释剂的环氧官能的羟基酯 - Google Patents
在环氧树脂组合物中用作乳化剂或活性稀释剂的环氧官能的羟基酯 Download PDFInfo
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- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
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- C07D303/12—Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly or doubly bound oxygen atoms
- C07D303/18—Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly or doubly bound oxygen atoms by etherified hydroxyl radicals
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Abstract
一种由(a)和(b)反应制得的新颖的环氧官能的羟基酯组合物,所述(a)为二羟甲基丙酸,所述(b)为一种脂族的或脂环族的缩水甘油醚、一种酚醛环氧树脂或一种脂环族环氧化物,所述环氧树脂有每个分子至少约1.5个环氧基的官能度。制备化合物(1)作为一个实例。这些组合物非常适合在如含水环氧树脂组合物中用作乳化剂和/或活性稀释剂,所述组合物适合用于涂敷<DEL/>
Description
本发明涉及环氧官能的羟基酯。
由于需要在更特殊的和高要求的条件下使用环氧树脂，对用于环氧树脂领域的化合物如作为乳化剂或稀释剂的化合物的需求日益增加。本文特别是针对基于水的环氧树脂组合物，这类组合物比传统的基于有机溶剂的体系对环境的污染小。这类基于水的体系需要特殊的乳化剂和/或稀释剂，所述乳化剂和/或稀释剂必须与水相以及有机相相容。对于这类化合物，希望有环氧官能团以增加与固化的环氧基质的相容性。另外，希望能够提供这样的化合物，所述化合物具有取决于所需的应用领域的预定的亲水和疏水部分。
本发明的一个目的是提供含有新颖的环氧官能的羟基酯的组合物。本发明的另一个目的是提供一种制备环氧官能的羟基酯的方法。本发明的另一个目的是新颖的酯本身。
已经发现通过使二甲基丙酸和有多于一个环氧基的环氧树脂反应可以制造含有环氧官能的羟基酯的组合物，所述羟基酯很适合在如含水环氧树脂组合物中用作乳化剂和/或活性稀释剂，所述组合物适用于涂敷。
从而，本发明涉及含有一种通过二羟甲基丙酸和一种环氧树脂反应制得的产品的组合物，所述环氧树脂选自由脂族的、脂环族的、或芳族的缩水甘油醚、酚醛环氧树脂和环状环氧树脂组成的组，所述环氧树脂有每个分子至少1.5个环氧基的官能度，二羟甲基丙酸与环氧树脂的摩尔比为1∶1至1∶500。
含有环氧官能的羟基酯的本发明的组合物是通过二羟甲基丙酸和一种疏水的环氧树脂反应制得的，所述环氧树脂为例如脂族的或脂环族的缩水甘油醚、芳族的缩水甘油醚、酚醛环氧树脂或脂环族环氧树脂，所述环氧树脂优选有每个分子平均至少1.5个环氧基的官能度(1，2-环氧当量)，二羟甲基丙酸与环氧树脂的摩尔比为1∶1至1∶500，优选1∶1.3至1∶200。
脂族的或脂环族的环氧树脂可以是饱和的或不饱和的，直链的或支链的，并且可以带有基本上不影响与二羟甲基丙酸反应的取代基。所述取代基可包括溴和氟。它们可以是单体的或聚合的，液体或固体，但优选在室温下是液体或低熔点固体。适合的环氧树脂包括缩水甘油醚，所述缩水甘油醚是通过表氯醇与一种含有数量为至少1.5的正实数的羟基的化合物在碱性反应条件下进行反应制得的。适合用于本发明的环氧树脂的实例包括脂族的或脂环族的二羟基化合物的二环氧甘油醚。这里所用的脂族基可以是饱和的或不饱和的，直链的或支链的亚烷基。这里所用的脂环族基可以是任何含有环状部分的脂族基。术语脂族的或脂环族的化合物包括在主链上有氧和/或硫原子的化合物。环氧树脂一般含有某种分布的化合物，它们有不同的1，2-环氧当量数。
优选的环氧树脂包括但不限于由下式表示的那些：
其中R1是一个二价亚烷基、二价氧亚烷基、二价环亚烷基或二价氧亚芳基，R1优选有约2-20个碳原子，R2独立为氢或C1-C10烷基，R4为二价脂族基，任选含有醚或酯基或与R7或R8一起形成一个螺环，该环任选含有杂原子，而且R7和R8独立为氢或者R7或R8一起形成一个螺环，该环任选含有杂原子如氧，而且r是一个约0至约6的实数。
优选的环氧树脂是一种脂族的或脂环族的缩水甘油醚、酚醛环氧树脂或脂环族环氧树脂。
脂环族缩水甘油醚(或氢化二羟酚的二环氧甘油醚)可以通过例如二羟酚氢化且与表卤代醇在一种路易斯催化剂存在下缩水甘油化(glycidation)，然后与氢氧化钠反应生成缩水甘油醚而制得。适合的二羟酚的实例包括：2，2-双(4-羟苯基)丙烷(双酚-A)；2，2-双(4-羟基-3-叔丁基苯基)丙烷；1，1-双(4-羟苯基)乙烷；1，1-双(4-羟苯基)异丁烷；双(2-羟基-1-萘基)甲烷；1，5-二羟基萘；1，1-双(4-羟基-3-烷基苯基)乙烷等。适合的二羟酚还可以由酚与醛如甲醛(制双酚-F)反应制得。
优选的脂环族环氧树脂的实例包括由下列式表示的那些：
其中R5和R6独立为亚烷基。优选R5为亚甲基和R6为C1-C12亚烷基。
脂族缩水甘油醚可以例如通过表卤代醇与一种脂族二醇(任选含有醚键或砜键)在一种路易斯酸催化剂存在下反应，然后卤代醇中间体与氢氧化钠反应转化成缩水甘油醚来制造。
优选的脂族缩水甘油醚包括由下列式表示的那些：
其中：
p为一个2-12的实数，优选为2-6；和
q为一个4-24的实数，优选为4-12。
适合的脂族缩水甘油醚的实例包括例如1，4-丁二醇、新戊二醇、环己烷二甲醇、己二醇、聚丙二醇和聚乙二醇的二环氧甘油醚；和三羟甲基乙烷及三羟甲基丙烷的三环氧甘油醚。
酚醛环氧树脂可以通过甲醛和一种酚的缩合和随后用表卤代醇在一种碱存在下的缩水甘油化来制备。酚可以是例如苯酚、甲苯酚、壬基酚和叔丁基酚。优选的酚醛环氧树脂包括由下式表示的那些：
其中R2独立为氢或C1-C10烷基，并且r为从约0至约6的实数。酚醛环氧树脂一般含有某种分布的化合物，所述化合物具有不同的缩水甘油化的苯氧基亚甲基单元数r。
芳族的缩水甘油醚(或二羟酚的二环氧甘油醚)可以例如通过二羟酚与表卤代醇的缩水甘油化和随后的与氢氧化钠反应生成缩水甘油醚来制造。适合的二羟酚的实例包括：2，2-双(4-羟苯基)丙烷(双酚-A)；2，2-双(4-羟基-3-叔丁基苯基)丙烷；1，1-双(4-羟苯基)乙烷；1，1-双(4-羟苯基)异丁烷；双(2-羟基-1-萘基)甲烷；1，5-二羟基萘；1，1-双(4-羟基-3-烷基苯基)乙烷等。适合的二羟酚还可以由酚与醛如甲醛(制双酚-F)反应制得。芳族缩水甘油醚可以被一个至四个取代基取代，所述取代基选自溴、氯和C1-C4烷基，特别是溴和甲基。
优选的芳族缩水甘油醚是2，2-双(4-羟苯基)丙烷(双酚-A)二缩水甘油醚。
脂环族环氧树脂可以通过具有多于一个烯键的含环烯烃结构的化合物与过乙酸环氧化而制得。优选的脂环族环氧树脂的实例包括由下式表示的那些：
其中R4为二价脂族基，任选含有醚或酯基或与R7或R8一起形成一个螺环，该环任选含有杂原子，而且R7和R8独立为氢或者R7或R8一起形成一个螺环，该环任选含有杂原子如氧，优选R4含有约1-20个碳原子。脂环族环氧化物的实例包括例如3，4-环氧基环己基甲基-(3，4-环氧基)环己烷羧酸酯、双环脂族双醚双环氧化物[2-(3，4-环氧基)环己基-5，5-螺(3，4-环氧基)-环己烷-m-二噁烷]、己二酸双(3，4-环氧基环己基甲基)酯、己二酸双(3，4-环氧基环己基)酯和二氧化乙烯基环己烯[4-(1，2-环氧基乙基)-1，2-环氧基环己烷]。
优选的环氧树脂的商品实例包括例如EPONEX树脂1510(EPONEX是商标)、HELOXY改性剂107、67、68和32(HELOXY是商标)，这些都可从壳牌化学公司得到，和联合碳化物公司环氧树脂ERL-4221、-4289、-4299、-4234和-4206。
使二羟甲基丙酸与环氧树脂在足以使酸基与环氧基反应并制得环氧官能的羟基酯的条件下接触，所述羟基酯由下列式表示：
其中R1是亚烷基、氧亚烷基、氧亚芳基或环亚烷基，优选有2-20个碳原子，R2独立为氢或C1-C10烷基，R4是二价脂族基，该基任选含有醚或酯基或与R7或R8一起形成一个螺环，该环任选含有杂原子，而且R7和R8独立为氢或者R7或R8一起形成一个螺环，该环任选含有杂原子如氧，并且r是一个约0至约6的实数。键合到脂环的环上的OH和A的位置表示由脂环的开环反应生成的不同的异构体。可以理解的是酸A部分可以连到R4或环氧部分的对位-或间(metal-)位。
一般来说，二羟甲基丙酸与环氧树脂的摩尔比在1∶1至1∶500的范围内，更优选在1∶1.3至1∶200的范围内。该反应典型地在足以使酸基和环氧基反应的环境温度至升高的温度下进行一段能制得反应产物的时间，所述温度典型地在25℃至150℃的范围内，优选在90℃至120℃的范围内。通过测定反应混合物的酸当量和环氧当量可以监视反应的进程并使反应向制造所需产品的方向进行。一般来说，将反应混合物加热直到混合物的酸当量表明酸当量的原始数中大于或等于99％被消耗，而且至少一定当量的环氧化物被消耗，一般需要一个小时或更长的时间。对于脂环族环氧化物，只通过环氧化物的消耗来监视反应的进程可能会误导，这归因于这种环氧基的竞争性的均聚。该反应优选在一种催化剂存在下进行。
所述反应典型地产生这样一种产物，该产物含有至少一种环氧化物单酯和由两个或多个酸分子与一个聚环氧化合物分子缩合得到的分子以及未反应的环氧化物，所述未反应的环氧化物的存在量取决于环氧树脂与羧酸基的摩尔比或当量比和允许反应进行的时间。优选使用过量的环氧树脂(环氧树脂与羧酸的摩尔比大于1∶1)以使聚酯化的物质的生成最少。如果需要，可用常规技术从反应混合物中回收主要含有环氧化物单酯产物的混合物(单酯是混合物中的最多的成分)的环氧化物单酯产物。
催化剂是碱或金属螯合物，例如铵化合物、鏻化合物、叔胺、和膦。更优选的催化剂的实例包括如鏻酸乙酸三苯酯、碘化乙基三苯基鏻、苄基二甲基胺、三苯膦、三丁胺、水杨酸铝、氢氧化四甲铵等。催化剂的存在量优选为环氧树脂和羧酸的总重的0.05-2.0％，更优选为0.01-0.5％。
实施例1说明本发明的环氧官能的羟基酯的制备。HELOXY改性剂67(一种有333环氧当量的丁二醇的二环氧甘油醚)是从壳牌化学公司得到的。25％的活性水杨酸铝是从Rhone Poulenc Marichem Inc.得到的。
实施例1
制备一种由下式表示的环氧官能的羟基酯
间歇法：将2768.5g HELOXY改性剂67和254.0g 2，2-羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)加入一个设有机械搅拌器的适合的三颈圆底烧瓶中。向该批料中加入2.73g鏻酸乙酸乙基三苯酯和7.71g 25％的水杨酸铝溶液(催化剂)。在混合下将该批料加热到195°F(90.5℃)并保持在该温度下142分钟。然后在第二次添加中加入与第一次加入的等量的DMPA和催化剂，并另外使该批料保持在194°F(90℃)165分钟。然后在第三次添加中加入与第一次加入的等量的DMPA和催化剂，并使该批料保持在194°F(90℃)255分钟。然后在第四次添加中加入与第一次加入的等量的DMPA和催化剂，并另外使该批料保持在195F(90.5℃)5小时。使该批料冷却到室温。
Claims (10)
1.一种含有通过二羟甲基丙酸和环氧树脂反应制得的产物的组合物，所述环氧树脂选自由脂族的、脂环族的或芳族的缩水甘油醚、酚醛环氧树脂和环状的环氧化物组成的组，所述环氧树脂有每个分子至少1.5个环氧基的官能度，二羟甲基丙酸与环氧树脂的摩尔比为1∶1至1∶1.500。
2.权利要求1的组合物，其中环氧树脂由下列式表示：
其中R1是一个二价亚烷基、二价氧亚烷基、二价环亚烷基或二价氧亚芳基，R2独立为氢或C1-C10烷基，R4为二价脂族基，任选含有醚或酯基或与R7或R8一起形成一个螺环，该环任选含有杂原子，而且R7和R8独立为氢或者R7或R8一起形成一个螺环，该环任选含有杂原子如氧，而且r是一个约0至约6的实数。
3.权利要求1的组合物，其中所述产物是由二羟甲基丙酸和一种脂环族缩水甘油醚、一种脂族缩水甘油醚、一种酚醛环氧树脂或一种脂环族环氧化物反应制得的。
4.权利要求3的组合物，其中脂族缩水甘油醚由下列式表示：其中：
p是一个2-12的整数，优选2-6；和
q是一个4-24的整数，优选4-1 2。
5.一种由下列式表示的化合物：
其中R1是亚烷基、氧亚烷基、氧亚芳基或环亚烷基，R2独立为氢或C1-C10烷基，R4是二价脂族基，该基任选含有醚或酯基或与R7或R8一起形成一个螺环，该环任选含有杂原子，而且R7和R8独立为氢或者R7或R8一起形成一个螺环，该环任选含有杂原子如氧，并且r是一个约0至约6的实数。
6.一种由下列式表示的化合物：
或
其中：
p是一个2-12的整数，优选2-6；和
q是一个4-24的整数，优选4-12。
7.一种组合物，所述组合物含有按权利要求5或6的一种化合物。
8.一种制造一种环氧醚羟基酯的方法，所述方法包括使二羟甲基丙酸和环氧树脂在能使酸基和环氧基反应的条件下反应，所述环氧树脂选自由脂族的或脂环族的缩水甘油醚、芳族的缩水甘油醚、酚醛环氧树脂和脂环族的环氧化物组成的组，所述环氧树脂有每个分子至少1.5个环氧基的官能度，二羟甲基丙酸与环氧树脂的摩尔比为1∶1至1∶500。
9.权利要求8的方法，其中二羟甲基丙酸和环氧树脂在一种碱或金属螯合物存在下在25℃-150℃范围的温度下反应。
10.权利要求9的方法，其中二羟甲基丙酸和环氧树脂在一种催化剂存在下反应，所述催化剂选自由铵化合物、鏻化合物、叔胺和膦组成的组。
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100564437C (zh) * | 2007-12-11 | 2009-12-02 | 蓝星化工新材料股份有限公司无锡树脂厂 | 一种环氧增韧稀释剂的制备方法 |
| CN101157751B (zh) * | 2007-09-28 | 2010-05-19 | 西安交通大学 | 水性环氧树脂及制备方法、用水性环氧树脂制备清漆的方法 |
| CN110527350A (zh) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-03 | 广东炎墨科技有限公司 | 一种高耐热高交联度光固化阻焊油墨及其制备方法 |
| US10514778B2 (en) | 2006-04-04 | 2019-12-24 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd | Apparatus and method for automatic display control in mobile terminal |
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| US5828416A (en) * | 1996-03-29 | 1998-10-27 | Matsushita Electric Corporation Of America | System and method for interfacing a transport decoder to a elementary stream video decorder |
| US6610817B2 (en) | 2000-12-18 | 2003-08-26 | Basf Corporation | Coating composition containing alcoholic reactive diluents |
| CN107964322B (zh) * | 2017-08-25 | 2021-04-09 | 丁贤勇 | 一种双组份水性抗菌防霉涂料及其制备方法 |
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| US3404018A (en) * | 1965-09-27 | 1968-10-01 | Celanese Coatings Co | Esters of polyepoxides and hydroxycarboxylic acids |
| GB1329190A (en) * | 1970-11-16 | 1973-09-05 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Resins produced from the reaction of epoxides and dimethyl olpropionic acid |
| AT356775B (de) * | 1977-08-19 | 1980-05-27 | Herberts & Co Gmbh | Waesseriges phenolharzfreies ueberzugsmittel und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
| US4252935A (en) * | 1979-07-31 | 1981-02-24 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Esters of diglycidyl polyethers of hydrogenated phenols and coating compositions containing same |
| CA1338614C (en) * | 1988-06-22 | 1996-09-24 | Michael B. Cavitt | Monocarboxylic acid derivatives of aromatic based epoxy resins |
| GB9000564D0 (en) * | 1990-01-10 | 1990-03-14 | Dow Rheinmuenster | Modified polyoxyethlene epoxy resin amphiphiles and stable aqueous epoxy dispersions thereof |
| US5250727A (en) * | 1992-12-23 | 1993-10-05 | Shell Oil Company | Preparation of alkoxyalkanoic acids |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10514778B2 (en) | 2006-04-04 | 2019-12-24 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd | Apparatus and method for automatic display control in mobile terminal |
| US10908702B2 (en) | 2006-04-04 | 2021-02-02 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Apparatus and method for automatic display control of a video image in mobile terminal |
| CN101157751B (zh) * | 2007-09-28 | 2010-05-19 | 西安交通大学 | 水性环氧树脂及制备方法、用水性环氧树脂制备清漆的方法 |
| CN100564437C (zh) * | 2007-12-11 | 2009-12-02 | 蓝星化工新材料股份有限公司无锡树脂厂 | 一种环氧增韧稀释剂的制备方法 |
| CN110527350A (zh) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-12-03 | 广东炎墨科技有限公司 | 一种高耐热高交联度光固化阻焊油墨及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5623025A (en) | 1997-04-22 |
| EP0799217A1 (en) | 1997-10-08 |
| DE69523474D1 (de) | 2001-11-29 |
| JPH10511411A (ja) | 1998-11-04 |
| ZA9510782B (en) | 1996-06-20 |
| DE69523474T2 (de) | 2002-05-16 |
| BR9510492A (pt) | 1998-01-13 |
| AU694835B2 (en) | 1998-07-30 |
| ATE207475T1 (de) | 2001-11-15 |
| WO1996019468A1 (en) | 1996-06-27 |
| AU4435496A (en) | 1996-07-10 |
| KR980700974A (ko) | 1998-04-30 |
| EP0799217B1 (en) | 2001-10-24 |
| CA2207934A1 (en) | 1996-06-21 |
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