CN116904627A - 一种用于极低丰度结核分枝杆菌检测的高灵敏度巢式pcr检测方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种用于极低丰度结核分枝杆菌检测的高灵敏度巢式pcr检测方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种用于极低丰度结核分枝杆菌检测的高灵敏度巢式PCR检测方法及应用,包括引物探针组,以及利用该引物探针组所制备检测试剂盒等应用,本发明提供的巢式PCR引物探针组方便检测结核分枝杆菌并且辅助检测耐多药结核分枝杆菌,且其使用和操作成本较低,具有良好的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及分子诊断和基因诊断领域,为体外诊断试剂,检测对象为极低丰度临床样本中结核分枝杆菌DNA,以及结核分枝杆菌中易导致耐药突变的rpoB基因片段,具体为一种用于极低丰度结核分枝杆菌检测的高灵敏度巢式PCR检测方法及应用。
背景技术
结核分枝杆菌感染导致的结核病不可忽视的全球公共卫生问题,根据WHO数据,2021年新发结核患者共计1060万,导致了160万人死亡。而中国是世界结核第三大负担国,年发病数超过100万例,显示无论是在世界范围还是国内,结核分枝杆菌的感染一直都是一个值得重视的问题。
对于检核分枝杆菌的临床检验方法,细菌培养是结核分枝杆菌的检验金标准,然而由于结核是一种缓慢生长细菌,培养时间往往长达8周,无法准确指导临床用药,存在较大的局限性。目前的商用结核耐药检测试剂盒GeneXpert® (USA)虽然提高了检测速度,但是昂贵的试剂耗材价格与专用仪器价格使其难以在基层医院推广。并且,而对于实际非常多临床样本结核菌浓度极低,如脑脊液、腹水等,GeneXpert® (USA)则同样灵敏度不佳,真实世界临床实际敏感性小于40%。基因组测序技术虽然可以通过细菌的全部基因组来准确预测菌株的类型,然而复杂的操作,昂贵的价格,以及需要较大的细菌量使其并不适合用于结核分枝杆菌以及耐药结核分枝杆菌的检测。
结核分枝杆菌的RNA聚合酶β亚单位(rpoB)基因507密码子至533密码子的81bp核心区域极大程度地决定了结核分枝杆菌是否存在利福平耐药。目前临床上超过95%的利福平耐药结核分枝杆菌存在rpoB核心区域突变。同时,结核分枝杆菌的rpoB基因存在区别于非结核分枝杆菌以及其他呼吸道常见病原体的独特序列,使其可以用于结核分枝杆菌的鉴定。
因此,我们急需一种新的检测手段,在面对临床极低丰度的结核分枝杆菌样本时,可以利用结核独有基因片段完成完成快速、灵敏、精准的病原体检测,并产生足够的rpoB基因片段以进行后续的耐药突变检测。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术存在的缺点和不足,而提供一种用于高灵敏度结核分枝杆菌检测的巢式PCR引物探针组及应用,本发明所采取的技术方案如下:一种用于极低丰度结核分枝杆菌检测的高灵敏度巢式PCR检测方法及应用,包括引物探针组,可用于鉴定结核分枝杆菌并产生可用于耐药基因鉴定的rpoB耐药基因片段,其中,所述引物组为:
TB-1F: CCGACGACATCGACCACTT(如SEQ ID NO 1所示),
TB-1R: GGTACGGCGTTTCGATGAAC(如SEQ ID NO 2所示),
TB-2F: ACGTGGAGGCGATCACA(如SEQ ID NO 3所示),
TB-2R: AGCCGATCAGACCGATGTT(如SEQ ID NO 4所示),
探针序列为:
Probe-in:CAGAACAACCCGCTGTCGG(如SEQ ID NO 5所示),为5′端用荧光基团 FAM修饰、3′端用猝灭基团 BHQ1 修饰的taqman荧光探针。
上述引物探针组在检测结核分枝杆菌和/或辅助检测耐多药结核分枝杆菌的检测试剂盒中的应用也在本发明保护范围之内。
上述方案应用的具体过程为:
(1)、待检样本DNA的提取;
(2)、按照以下配方配置反应液:预扩增PCR反应组分如下表所示:
10μM TB-1F 0.1-1 uL,
10μM TB-1R 0.1-1 uL,
MgCl2 1.5-6mmol,
dNTP 0.5-0.25mmol,
taq酶 1.5-3U,
模板 1-5ul,
最后使用H2O补足至25ul。
(3)、随后进行预扩增PCR反应;
预变性 95℃ 60秒,
扩增循环步骤① 95℃ 20秒,
扩增循环步骤② 55℃ 20秒,
扩增循环步骤③ 72℃ 20秒,
扩增循环步骤①、②、③循环35次,
终延伸 72℃ 120秒;
(4)、预扩增反应完成后,进行终扩增反应,终扩增反应条件如下:
10μM TB-2F 0.1-1 uL,
10μM TB-2R 0.1-1 uL,
探针 0.1-1.0μmol
MgCl2 1.5-6mmol
dNTP 0.5-0.25mmol
taq酶 1.5-3U
预扩增产物 1ul
最后使用H2O补足至25ul;
(5)进行终扩增定量PCR反应:
预变性 95℃ 60秒,
扩增循环步骤① 95℃ 20秒,
扩增循环步骤② 55℃ 20秒,
扩增循环步骤③ 72℃ 20秒,
扩增循环步骤①、②、③循环35次,
终延伸 72℃ 120秒。
本发明的有益效果如下:提供一种用于极低丰度结核分枝杆菌检测的高灵敏度巢式PCR引物探针组及试剂盒,方便检测结核分枝杆菌并且辅助检测耐多药结核分枝杆菌,且成本较低 ,具有良好的应用前景。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,根据这些附图获得其他的附图仍属于本发明的范畴;
图1为 PCR反应进行至扩增终点时,巢式PCR体系与普通qPCR体系相比各样本浓度的荧光强度对比。结果显示,与未加入DNA阴性对照组相比,普通qPCR体系的荧光强度在样本浓度低于103拷贝后即无显著性差异,而巢式PCR体系的荧光强度在样本浓度为100拷贝时仍有显著性差异;
图2为PCR反应进行至扩增终点时,巢式PCR体系与普通qPCR体系相比各样本浓度的琼脂糖凝胶电泳结果对比。结果显示,在普通qPCR体系,在样本浓度低于103拷贝时条件已无法观察,而巢式PCR体系中,样本浓度为100拷贝时仍清晰可劲,并且阴性对照组别透亮无杂带产生;
图3为巢式PCR体系与普通qPCR体系扩增反应中的动态荧光曲线变化与扩增终点Cq值结果。结果显示,普通qPCR体系在样本浓度低于103拷贝时无法再得到阳性的Cq结果。而巢式PCR体系中,样本浓度为100拷贝时Cq值为15.5,阴性对照组无阳性的Cq结果;
图4为在15种临床常见呼吸道病原体(大肠杆菌,肺炎克雷伯菌,粘质沙雷菌,产气荚膜梭菌,弗劳地枸橼酸杆菌,阴沟肠杆菌,鲍曼不动杆菌,金葡菌)+2种非结核分枝杆菌(鸟结核分枝杆菌,龟结核分枝杆菌)+人体细胞系(人肺泡上皮2B细胞系,人肺癌A549细胞系)中,本巢式PCR体系仅与TB发生扩增反应。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步地详细描述。
本发明提供一种用于极低丰度结核分枝杆菌检测的高灵敏度巢式PCR引物探针组及应用,具体公开了一种用于扩增结核分枝杆菌rpoB基因中RRDR区并可用于后续耐药基因位点鉴定的PCR引物探针组。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现的:一种用于结核分枝杆菌rpoB基因快速扩增的巢式PCR引物探针组,其中,所述引物组为:
TB-1F: CCGACGACATCGACCACTT(如SEQ ID NO 1所示),
TB-1R: GGTACGGCGTTTCGATGAAC(如SEQ ID NO 2所示),
TB-2F: ACGTGGAGGCGATCACA(如SEQ ID NO 3所示),
TB-2R: AGCCGATCAGACCGATGTT(如SEQ ID NO 4所示),
探针序列为:
Probe-in:CAGAACAACCCGCTGTCGG(如SEQ ID NO 5所示),为5′端用荧光基团 FAM修饰、3′端用猝灭基团 BHQ1 修饰的taqman荧光探针。
上述技术方案的引物组在灵敏检测rpoB基因中应用的具体过程为:
1、待检样本DNA的提取;
2、按照以下配方配置反应液:预扩增PCR反应组分如下表所示:
3、随后进行预扩增PCR反应,预扩增PCR反应条件如下:
4、预扩增反应完成后,进行终扩增反应,终扩增反应条件如下:
5、随后进行终扩增定量PCR反应,定量PCR反应条件如下:
检测结果
如图1-3所示:基于本发明的巢式PCR系统检测灵敏度低至100拷贝数,具有极佳的敏感性;
如图4所示:将15个临床常见呼吸道病原体及人体细胞系的DNA样本加入本发明中的巢式PCR系统后,仅有结核分枝杆菌样本成功发生扩增,并得到阳性结果,具有极高特异性
以上所揭露的仅为本发明较佳实施例而已,当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围,因此依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化,仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种用于极低丰度结核分枝杆菌检测的高灵敏度巢式PCR检测方法,其特征在于:包括引物探针组,其中,各个引物的核苷酸序列分别为:
TB-1F: 如SEQ ID NO 1所示,
TB-1R: 如SEQ ID NO 2所示,
TB-2F: 如SEQ ID NO 3所示,
TB-2R: 如SEQ ID NO 4所示,
探针序列为:
Probe-in:如SEQ ID NO 5所示,为5′端用荧光基团 FAM 修饰、3′端用猝灭基团 BHQ1修饰的taqman荧光探针。
2.如权利要求1所述的巢式PCR引物探针组的非疾病诊断、治疗目的的应用。
3.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于其应用步骤为:
S1:提取待检样本DNA;
S2:配置反应液:预扩增PCR反应组分如下所示:
10μM TB-1F 0.1-1uL,
10μM TB-1R 0.1-1uL,
MgCl2 1.5-6mmol,
dNTP 0.5-0.25mmol,
taq酶 1.5-3U,
模板 1-5ul,
H2O 补足至25ul;
S3:随后进行预扩增PCR反应:
预变性 95℃ 60秒,
扩增循环步骤① 95℃ 20秒,
扩增循环步骤② 55℃ 20秒,
扩增循环步骤③ 72℃ 20秒,
扩增循环步骤①、②、③循环35次,
终延伸 72℃ 120秒;
S4:预扩增反应完成后,进行终扩增反应,终扩增反应条件如下:
10μM TB-2F 0.1-1 uL,
10μM TB-2R 0.1-1 uL,
探针 0.1-1.0μmol,
MgCl2 1.5-6mmol,
dNTP 0.5-0.25mmol,
taq酶 1.5-3U,
预扩增产物 1ul,
H2O 补足至25ul;
S5:进行终扩增定量PCR反应:
预变性 95℃ 60秒,
扩增循环步骤① 95℃ 20秒,
扩增循环步骤② 55℃ 20秒,
扩增循环步骤③ 72℃ 20秒,
扩增循环步骤①、②、③循环35次,
终延伸 72℃ 120秒。
4.根据权利要求2所述的应用,其特征在于:在检测结核分枝杆菌和/或辅助检测耐多药结核分枝杆菌的检测试剂盒中的应用。
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