CN116549560A - 一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物,所述中药组合物包括以下配比的原料药制备而成:生黄芪45‑55份、淫羊藿10‑18份、葶苈子10‑18份、茯苓10‑18份、炒白术10‑18份、刺五加10‑18份、丹参10‑18份、麦冬9‑12份、桂枝9‑12份。本发明还公开了提供上述中药组合物的制备方法,以及上述中药组合物在制备治疗慢性心衰药物中的应用。本发明的中药组合物可以抑制和延缓心肌重构的发展,阻断恶性循环,降低心衰患者死亡率。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,具体地说,涉及一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物,及该中药组合物的应用。
背景技术
心力衰竭是由心脏结构或者功能异常所导致的一种临床综合征。潜在的心功能不全是心力衰竭发生的主要原因。高血压、高脂血症、冠状动脉疾病等加速心血管衰老,是心力衰竭特定危险因素。
目前慢性心衰常见的治疗手段是减轻心室负荷,其现代治疗模式大多以是改善肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统及交感神经系统导致的神经内分泌紊乱为主。随着在临床治疗中对慢性心衰病理生理机制认识的不断深入,治疗手段逐渐从单一的改善血流动力学变成整体多样性生物学调整。
目前,慢性心力衰竭的治疗目标不再满足于改善患者生活质量以及临床症状,致力于从根源逆转心室重构,抑制发展阻断恶性循环。然而,大多数心衰治疗药物在基础病理生理学与治疗靶点上存在差异,无法改善心衰最终结局,心衰在全球死亡率及住院率依然靠前。西药在临床治疗中主要是血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂类,β-受体阻滞剂类等。患者服用西药伴随发生不良事件的概率较大,例如,咳嗽呼吸道泌尿道感染,低血压,呼吸困难,头痛,胃肠道症状等。虽然现代医学研究在实验中提供了miRNA及基因生物调整技术,防止不良事件的产生,但距离应用于临床还有很长的路要走。当前常用的中药芪参益气滴丸以现代科技提取黄芪、丹参、三七、降香中的有效成分,改善心肌缺血损伤导致的慢性心力衰竭,延缓心室重构。以往的研究表明,黄芪、丹参作为治疗心血管疾病的主要药物,常用于慢性心衰的诊疗中。但因方药配伍不同,疗效也各不相同。但服用后可能会出现血压波动等不良反应,临床中仍需要进一步探索。并且芪参益气滴丸主要作用为活血止痛,改善疼痛症状,对于心室重构等作用还有待商榷。
现有的芪参颗粒由黄芪、丹参、金银花、玄参、甘草、附子六味中药组成,在临床上促进血管生成,调节心肌能量代谢改善慢性心力衰竭。其中,附子使用方法不当,容易引起毒副作用及不良反应,在临床应用中毒性较大。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的缺点与不足,本发明的目的在于提供治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物,抑制和延缓心肌重构的发展,阻断恶性循环,降低心衰患者死亡率。
本发明的目的还在于提供上述中药组合物的制备方法。
本发明的目的还在于提供上述中药组合物在制备治疗慢性心衰药物中的应用。
本发明的技术方案如下:
一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物包括以下配比的原料药制备而成:生黄芪20-60份、淫羊藿9-21份、葶苈子9-21份、茯苓9-21份、炒白术9-21份、刺五加9-21份、丹参9-21份、麦冬6-18份、桂枝6-18份。
进一步的,所述中药组合物包括以下配比的原料药制备而成:生黄芪45-55份、淫羊藿10-18份、葶苈子10-18份、茯苓10-18份、炒白术10-18份、刺五加10-18份、丹参10-18份、麦冬9-12份、桂枝9-12份。
更进一步的,所述中药组合物包括以下配比的原料药制备而成:生黄芪50份、淫羊藿15份、葶苈子15份、茯苓15份、炒白术15份、刺五加15份、丹参15份、麦冬10份、桂枝10份。
进一步的,所述中药组合物的剂型为饮片、水煎剂、颗粒剂、中药膏剂、蜜丸中的任意一种。
更进一步的,所述中药组合物的剂型为水煎剂或颗粒剂。
一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物的制备方法,所述中药组合物为水煎剂,其制备方法如下:
按照配比称量上述原料,清除杂质、洗净、晒干或烘干,备用;
用水浸泡上述处理过的原料20~30分钟,武火煮沸后第一次在60-80℃范围内煎煮10~15分钟,把药液倒出150~200ml;再加温水,进行第二次煎煮,煎煮温度范围在50-60℃,倒出药液150~200ml,将两次药液混合,即为所述水煎剂。
一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物的制备方法,所述中药组合物为颗粒剂,其制备方法如下:
按照配比称量上述原料,清除杂质、洗净、晒干或烘干,混合备用;
依次经过破碎、初研和复研即得到中药组合物颗粒;
配制:将上述中药组合物颗粒加入40-50℃的水中溶解10分钟,即得到所述颗粒剂。
一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物的制备方法,所述中药组合物为中药膏剂,其制备方法如下:
按照配比称量上述原料,清除杂质、洗净、晒干或烘干,备用;
捣碎成粉末状,经100目滤网过滤,得混合物,备用;
加水浸泡8-10小时,武火煮开后,文火煎煮2小时;80-100℃温度范围再煎煮两次,煎煮完毕后过滤,合并滤液;再加入其重量10%的辅料混合后浓缩至密度1.5-1.6的稠膏,即为所述中药膏剂。
上述任意一项所述的中药组合物在制备治疗慢性心力衰竭的药物中的应用。
上述任意一项所述的中药组合物在制备治疗因慢性心力衰竭引起的水肿症状药物中的应用。
上述任意一项所述的中药组合物在制备治疗因慢性心力衰竭引起的胸闷气短乏力症状药物中的应用。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点如下:
本发明的中药组合物,即芪参振心方,以生黄芪、淫羊藿二者共为君药,其中大剂量黄芪可补助肺脾之气而性偏上,淫羊藿则温补肝肾之阳而位偏下,两者合用,则命门之火得助,脾土得温,心阳得充,五脏得安,共达益气扶正,温肾升阳之功用。葶苈子、茯苓、炒白术、丹参、刺五加共为臣药,以期活血化瘀兼利水消肿,其中葶苈子泻肺利水以通水之上源,茯苓、白术健脾利水又有培土制水之意,以治中州,君臣相依,配以淫羊藿则可助肾阳而起化气行水之功,以治下焦,肺脾肾三脏同治,则三焦通利、水饮得化。又言“久病必多瘀”、“血不利则为水”者,故利水之中又需活血消瘀,丹参味苦,归心肝经,可活血化瘀以通脉,“气为血之帅,血为气之母”,活血之中亦需气之推动,故伍入刺五加益气扶正,兼顾五脏,兼以活血,二者合用,则攻补兼施,利不伤正。佐以桂枝温阳化气利水,《本经疏证》曾云:“用之之道有六:曰和营,曰通阳,曰利水,曰下气,曰行淤,曰补中。其功之最大,施之最广”,其一药多途,一可助茯苓、白术温阳健脾而利水患,二可助君药温通心阳而治其本。又因痰瘀郁久化热,蒸灼津液,亦或疾病后期,真阴亏损,元气大伤,下利失度,暗耗津液,故佐以麦冬养阴生津,顾护阴津,以达利水不伤阴,滋阴不碍邪之意。从药物归经上,本方以心、肾为主,兼顾肺、脾、肝经;从性味分析,药性平和,不温不燥;诸药相配,气、血、水均调。
黄芪具有利尿降压,降低肺动脉压及右心前负荷,扩张周围阻力血管,降低动脉压,从而改善心功能的作用。
淫羊藿可抑制离体右心房肌的肌力和心率,此作用无M受体激动和钙拮抗作用,能使异丙肾上腺素(ISO 7-10mol/L)对正性频率作用的量效曲线平行右移,此研究为临床上淫羊藿治疗冠心病、心绞痛提供了理论依据。
葶苈子具有强心作用,能使心肌收缩力增强,心率减慢,对衰弱的心脏可增加输出量,降低静脉压。
丹参有清除自由基、抗炎、抗氧化、抑制血小板凝集、扩张血管等作用。
茯苓及白术被证实具有增强造血功能、利尿的功能。
刺五加能够减慢心率,减少心肌耗氧量及心肌耗氧指数,降低心肌氧利用率,可降低血压,减少心梗的范围,保护心肌缺血。
全方以心、肾为主,兼顾肺、脾、肝经;从性味分析,药性平和,不温不燥;诸药相配,气、血、水均调。全方君臣佐使,阴阳协调,药效叠加,厘然有度,并且虚实兼顾,补泻兼施。其气、血、水并治,补虚不敛邪,攻实不伤正,共奏益气温阳,活血利水,顾护阴津之功,甚合心衰之机理变化。
本发明的中药组合物,即芪参振心方,在治疗慢性心衰疾病中具有能够早期改善整体甚至局部心脏结构,逆转心室重构,改善心肌细胞功能,预防心肌纤维化等功能,临床使用安全性较高。
并在此基础上对比其他现有方药,本发明的中药组合物还能够起到强心利尿,活血利水,顾护阴津的功能。改善了患者临床症状、心功能,同时提高了患者生活质量,改善预后。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。
实施例1-N本发明中药组合物的制备
实施例1:
本实施例的(中药组合物)芪参振心方的生药的重量配比为:生黄芪50份、淫羊藿15份、葶苈子15份、茯苓15份、炒白术15份、刺五加15份、丹参15份、麦冬10份、桂枝10份。
本实施例的芪参振心方为水煎剂,其制备方法如下:
1.按照上述配比称量上述原料,清除杂质、洗净、晒干或烘干。
2.饮用水浸泡药物20~30分钟,武火煮沸后第一次在60-80℃范围内煎煮10~15分钟,把药液倒出150~200ml,再加温水适量,进行第二次煎煮,煎煮温度范围在50-60℃,倒出药液150~200ml,将两次药液混合。
3.早晚各服用一次,每次150~200ml。
实施例2:
本实施例的(中药组合物)芪参振心方的生药的重量配比为:生黄芪20份、淫羊藿9份、葶苈子9份、茯苓9份、炒白术9份、刺五加9份、丹参9份、麦冬6份、桂枝6份。
本实施例的芪参振心方为颗粒剂,其制备方法如下:
按照上述配比称量上述原料,清除杂质、洗净、晒干或烘干,混合备用;
依次经过破碎、初研和复研即得到中药组合物颗粒;
配制:将上述中药组合物颗粒加入40-50℃的水中溶解10分钟,即得到所述颗粒剂。
实施例3:
本实施例的(中药组合物)芪参振心方的生药的重量配比为:生黄芪60份、淫羊藿21份、葶苈子21份、茯苓21份、炒白术21份、刺五加21份、丹参21份、麦冬18份、桂枝18份。
本实施例的芪参振心方为中药膏剂。其制备方法如下:
按照配比称量上述原料,清除杂质、洗净、晒干或烘干,备用。
捣碎成粉末状,经100目滤网过滤,得混合物,备用。
加饮用水1500ml浸泡8小时,武火煮开之后,文火煎煮2小时;再煎煮两次,每次的加水量分别为1000ml、800ml,煎煮时间分别为2h、1h;煎煮完毕并过滤,合并滤液。再加入其重量10%的阿胶、蔗糖和蜂蜜辅料混合后浓缩至密度1.5-1.6的稠膏。
中药膏剂的服用方法:早晚各服用一次,每次50~100ml温水冲服。
实施例4:
本实施例的(中药组合物)芪参振心方的生药的重量配比为:生黄芪45份、淫羊藿10份、葶苈子10份、茯苓10份、炒白术10份、刺五加10份、丹参10份、麦冬9份、桂枝9份。
本实施例的芪参振心方为中药丸剂,其制备方法如下:
按照配比称量上述原料,清除杂质、洗净、晒干或烘干,备用;
粉碎,取药材粉碎后的中药细粉,加入适量的粘合剂或其他辅料,制成球形或者类球形的剂型。其中粘合剂包括水、蜂蜜、酒、醋、药汁,可以制成不同类型的丸剂,例如水丸、蜜丸、水蜜丸、蜡丸等。
临床实验:
1、病例选择
选取阳气亏虚血瘀证心衰患者60例,每组各30例(关于性别、年龄、病程等无显著性差异)。
2、分组与给药
依据患者意愿分为芪参振心方组及西医常规治疗组,形成暴露于两种不同治疗方法的两个队列。
对照组仅服用西医常规治疗药物,治疗组在服用西医常规治疗药物的基础上服用实施例1的芪参振心方水煎剂。
(一)两组患者均依据《2021ESC急慢性心力衰竭诊断和治疗指南》进行规范化的抗心力衰竭治疗,应包括下述一种或多种药物,除非有禁忌症:
(1)ARNI(或ACEI/ARB)、β受体阻滞剂、醛固酮受体拮抗剂、SGLT2抑制剂(根据指南确定药物剂量)。
(2)根据指南允许根据病情使用其他心血管药物:洋地黄,利尿剂,硝酸酯类,华法林,钙拮抗剂,抗血小板,他汀类。
(二)疗程:12周
(三)合并用药
除试验用药外,观察期间禁止合并使用与芪参振心方成分和作用相似的任何中药、中成药。
3、结果
通过对比两组患者治疗前及治疗后的心脏超声、明尼苏达心衰生活质量量表、6min步行距离试验(6MWT)的结果来阐释本发明的中药组合物的作用疗效。
表1两组6分钟试验步行距离比较
注:两组治疗前相比,P>0.05,具有可比性;两组治疗前后相比**P<0.01;两组治疗后相比,##P<0.01。
6分钟步行测试是一项运动测试,用于评估有氧能力和耐力。可应用6分钟步行试验判断患者心功能状态,也可以判断运动耐量情况。实验结果说明中药组合物有明显改善患者运动耐量的功能。
表2两组明尼苏达生活质量量表积分比较
注:两组治疗前相比,P>0.05,具有可比性;两组治疗前后相比**P<0.01;两组治疗后相比,##P<0.01。
本表2通过心功能不全对患者日常活动的影响程度来进行分级,结果显示通过中药组合物治疗后,对比于常规治疗组,患者的生活质量得到明显提高。
表3两组超声心动图指标比较
注:两组治疗前相比,P>0.05,具有可比性;两组治疗前后相比**P<0.01;两组治疗后相比,P>0.05,无统计学差异。
超声心动图较为直观的揭示了本中药组合物逆转心室重构的能力。
表4两组NYHA心功能分级比较
注:治疗前两组NYHA分级经秩和检验,Z=-0.162,P=0.871,P>0.05;治疗后两组NYHA分级经秩和检验,Z=-1.581,P=0.114,P>0.05。
表5两组NYHA心功能分级疗效比较
注:两组比较,Z=-2.321,P=0.020,*P<0.05。
NYHA分级是按诱发心力衰竭症状的活动程度将心功能的受损状况分级,最终量表显示患者心力衰竭状态得到有效改善。
表6NT-proBNP水平及疗效两组NT-proBNP水平比较P50(P25,P75)
注:两组治疗前经秩和检验,两组比较,Z=-0.377,P=0.706,P>0.05,具有可比性;治疗组治疗前后相比,Z=-4.372,P=0.000,P<0.01;对照组治疗前后相比,Z=-4.372,P=0.000,P<0.01;两组治疗后相比,Z=-1.219,P=0.197,P>0.05,无统计学差异。
表7两组NT-proBNP疗效比较
注:两组比较,经卡方检验,P=0.029,P<0.05。
综上结果表明,本申请的中药组合物对于阳气亏虚血瘀证心衰患者有明显疗效。
另外,下面列举两例典型案例供参考。案例1:
患者张某,男,82岁,因“胸闷气短间作2年,加重伴乏力4月”,临床以胸闷气短间作为主要表现。入院心超示:LAD 47mm LVDd 65mm EF 13%。期间双下肢中度凹陷性水肿,胸闷气短加重伴肢体乏力。纳可,夜寐不安,梦多。舌紫苔薄黄,脉弦。中医诊断:心衰病,治疗口服常规心衰治疗药物。口服实施例1提供的中药组合物水煎剂。治疗后患者下肢水肿减轻,胸闷较前改善,气短乏力好转,症状稳定。心超示:LAD 41mm LVDd 68mm EF 20%。结果表明,本发明提供的中药组合物药液可以有效减轻心衰患者的下肢水肿症状,说明本发明提供的中药组合物药液对心衰引起的胸闷气短乏力具有不错的治疗效果。说明药物有效,且无明显毒副作用。
案例2:
患者朱某,男,75岁,因“胸闷气喘间作6余年,再发伴气喘2月”,6年前无明显诱因出现胸胸闷气喘,活动后加重,休息后好转。现患者仍有胸闷气喘间作,活动后明显,休息后缓解,全身乏力,双下肢轻度水肿。纳少寐差,夜尿频,大便调。舌淡红,少苔。实验室检查示:心肌五联:cTnl 0.033ng/ml、肌红蛋白38.4ng/ml CK-MB 0.5ng/ml、NT-proBNP 2390pgml.中医诊断:心衰病,治疗口服常规心衰治疗药物。口服实施例1提供的中药组合物水煎剂.一周后患者胸闷气喘好转,双下肢无水肿,症状好转,病情稳定。结果表明,本发明提供的中药组合物药液可以有效减轻心衰患者的下肢水肿症状,说明本发明提供的中药组合物药液对心衰引起的胸闷气短乏力具有不错的治疗效果。说明药物有效,且无明显毒副作用。
以上的实施例仅为说明本发明的技术思想,不能以此限定本发明的保护范围,凡是按照本发明提出的技术思想,在技术方案基础上所做的任何改动,均落入本发明保护范围之内。
Claims (11)
1.一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物包括以下配比的原料药制备而成:生黄芪20-60份、淫羊藿9-21份、葶苈子9-21份、茯苓9-21份、炒白术9-21份、刺五加9-21份、丹参9-21份、麦冬6-18份、桂枝6-18份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物包括以下配比的原料药制备而成:生黄芪45-55份、淫羊藿10-18份、葶苈子10-18份、茯苓10-18份、炒白术10-18份、刺五加10-18份、丹参10-18份、麦冬9-12份、桂枝9-12份。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物包括以下配比的原料药制备而成:生黄芪50份、淫羊藿15份、葶苈子15份、茯苓15份、炒白术15份、刺五加15份、丹参15份、麦冬10份、桂枝10份。
4.如权利要求1-3任意一项所述的一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的剂型为饮片、水煎剂、颗粒剂、中药膏剂、蜜丸中的任意一种。
5.如权利要求4所述的一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物,其特征在于,所述中药组合物的剂型为水煎剂或颗粒剂。
6.权利要求1所述的一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述中药组合物为水煎剂,其制备方法如下:
按照配比称量上述原料,清除杂质、洗净、晒干或烘干,备用;
用水浸泡上述处理过的原料20~30分钟,第一次煎煮10~15分钟,把药液倒出150~200ml;再加温水,进行第二次煎煮,倒出药液150~200ml,将两次药液混合,即为所述水煎剂。
7.权利要求1所述的一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述中药组合物为颗粒剂,其制备方法如下:
按照配比称量上述原料,清除杂质、洗净、晒干或烘干,混合备用;
依次经过破碎、初研和复研即得到中药组合物颗粒;
配制:将上述中药组合物颗粒加入40-50℃的水中溶解10分钟,即得到所述颗粒剂。
8.权利要求1所述的一种治疗慢性心力衰竭的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述中药组合物为中药膏剂,其制备方法如下:
按照配比称量上述原料,清除杂质、洗净、晒干或烘干,备用;
捣碎成粉末状,经100目滤网过滤,得混合物,备用;
加水浸泡8-10小时,武火煮开后,文火煎煮2小时;再煎煮两次,煎煮完毕后过滤,合并滤液;再加入其重量10%的辅料混合后浓缩至密度1.5-1.6的稠膏,即为所述中药膏剂。
9.权利要求1-5任意一项的所述的中药组合物在制备治疗慢性心力衰竭的药物中的应用。
10.权利要求1-5任意一项的所述的中药组合物在制备治疗因慢性心力衰竭引起的水肿症状药物中的应用。
11.权利要求1-5任意一项的所述的中药组合物在制备治疗因慢性心力衰竭引起的胸闷气短乏力症状药物中的应用。
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