CN116327770A - 新组合物和方法 - Google Patents
新组合物和方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN116327770A CN116327770A CN202310342092.0A CN202310342092A CN116327770A CN 116327770 A CN116327770 A CN 116327770A CN 202310342092 A CN202310342092 A CN 202310342092A CN 116327770 A CN116327770 A CN 116327770A
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Abstract
本公开提供了新的跨粘膜和皮下药物组合物及其制备和使用方法,所述药物组合物包含游离碱、共晶或盐形式的1‑(4‑氟‑苯基)‑4‑((6bR,10aS)‑3‑甲基‑2,3,6b,9,10,10a‑六氢‑1H,7H‑吡啶并[3′,4′∶4,5]吡咯并[1,2,3‑de]喹喔啉‑8‑基)‑丁‑1‑酮或1‑(4‑氟‑苯基)‑4‑((6bR,10aS)‑2,2‑d2‑3‑甲基‑2,3,6b,9,10,10a‑六氢‑1H,7H‑吡啶并[3′,4′:4,5]吡咯并[1,2,3‑de]喹喔啉‑8‑基)‑丁‑1‑酮。
Description
本申请是中国专利申请201880018346.0的分案申请,原申请的申请日是2018年3月23日,名称是“新组合物和方法”。
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2017年3月24日提交的美国临时申请号62/476,538的优先权,其内容通过引用整体并入本文作为参考。
领域
本公开涉及包含取代的杂环稠合的γ-咔啉的某些新型跨粘膜和皮下药物制剂、这类制剂的制备及其使用方法,例如其用于治疗牵涉5-HT2A受体、5-羟色胺转运蛋白(SERT)和/或多巴胺D1/D2受体信号传导途径或由它们介导的疾病或异常病症。本发明包括治疗和/或预防疾病和障碍的方法,包括但不限于焦虑、精神病、精神分裂症、睡眠障碍、性功能障碍、偏头痛、与头痛相关的病症、社交恐怖症、胃肠道障碍例如胃肠道蠕动功能障碍和肥胖;抑郁症(包括严重抑郁障碍(MDD))和与精神病或帕金森病相关的情绪障碍;精神病例如与抑郁症相关的精神分裂症;双相情感障碍(例如双相抑郁症);和其他精神病和神经疾病,以及与其他药物的组合。
背景
1-(4-氟-苯基)-4-((6bR,10aS)-3-甲基-2,3,6b,9,10,10a-六氢-1H,7H-吡啶并[3′,4′:4,5]吡咯并[1,2,3-de]喹喔啉-8-基)-丁-1-酮(有时称作4-((6bR,10aS)-3-甲基-2,3,6b,9,10,10a-六氢-1H-吡啶并[3′,4′:4,5]吡咯并[1,2,3-de]喹喔啉-8(7H)-基)-1-(4-氟苯基)-1-丁酮或称作ITI-007)具有如下结构:
式I的化合物为强效的5-HT2A受体配体(Ki=0.5nM),其对多巴胺(DA)D2受体(Ki=32nM)和血清素质膜转运蛋白质(SERT)(Ki=26nM,使用与人重组SERT的3H-米帕明结合置换测定)具有强亲和力,但与涉及抗精神病药(例如H1组胺能、5-HT2c和毒蕈碱受体)的认知和代谢副作用的受体结合可忽略不计。该化合物目前用于临床试验中,例如用于治疗精神分裂症、双相情感障碍和痴呆,包括阿尔茨海默病。式I的化合物及其类似物和包含这类化合物的治疗方法以及这类化合物的制备方法公开在如下文献中:例如美国专利US 6,548,493;7,238,690;6,552,017;6,713,471;7,183,282;RE39,680;RE39,679;美国专利公开号US 2004/209864、2010/113781、2011/071080、2011/112105、2013/0202692、2015/0079172、2017/0183350;和PCT公开号WO 2017/165843和WO 2017/117514。将这些美国专利、美国专利公开号和PCT公开号各自的内容通过引用整体并入本文作为参考。
ITI-007的氘代变体通常在US 2017/0183350和WO 2017/165843中公开。设计氘代化合物以通过氘原子取代作为代谢活性靶标的分子位置处的ITI-007的氢原子减缓或抑制体内代谢。ITI-007的天然代谢物具有药理学活性,但具有稍微不同的受体选择性特征。因此,由于改变的代谢速率或途径,以及由于改变活性亲本种类和活性代谢物种之间的平衡移动而改变的总体药理学特征,这些氘代衍生物因此可以提供改变的药代动力学特征。
一种这类氘代化合物为1-(4-氟-苯基)-4-((6bR,10aS)-2,2-d2-3-甲基-2,3,6b,9,10,10a-六氢-1H,7H-吡啶并[3′,4′:4,5]吡咯并[1,2,3-de]喹喔啉-8-基)-丁-1-酮,即式II的化合物:
另一种这类氘代化合物为1-(4-氟-苯基)-4-((6bR,10aS)-1,1,2,2-d4-3-甲基-2,3,6b,9,10,10a-六氢-1H,7H-吡啶并[3′,4′:4,5]吡咯并[1,2,3-de]喹喔啉-8-基)-丁-1-酮,即式III的化合物:
式I、II和式III的化合物各自在肝脏中经历显著的首过代谢。高代谢率需要施用比其他方式需要的更高口服剂量的药物,导致肝脏负担增加,制造成本增加,配制困难以及剂量反应潜在更高的患者与患者之间的可变性。因此需要新的施用途径以避免首过代谢,并且这将导致相应较低的给药要求。
已经公开了对于许多药物跨粘膜递送,例如舌下递送、颊部递送和鼻内递送,以及皮下递送是传统剂型例如肠胃外和口服给药的有效替代物。肠胃外(静脉内)给药在避免首过代谢方面非常有效,但其有用性受到限制,因为它需要由经过培训的专业人员(通常在临床环境中)施用。相比之下,跨粘膜递送系统可以用于配制药物,其可以由患者在没有专业监督的情况下服用,并且可以导致药物快速吸收,并且具有最小的首过代谢。皮下递送类似地提供高效的药物吸收,具有最小的首过代谢,同时还提供延迟或延长释放的可能性(与IV施用相比)。
跨粘膜药物递送制剂的应用是众所周知的,其中硝酸甘油的舌下制剂可追溯到1847年。这些制剂涉及药物活性剂转移穿过粘膜,包括口腔粘膜、鼻粘膜和阴道粘膜。这些粘膜表面比皮肤(角质化上皮)对药物更具渗透性,并且具有与胃肠粘膜相似的渗透性,但没有药物的GI吸收导致立即通过肝脏进行代谢的问题。口腔粘膜递送系统包括颊部和舌下系统。
现存的跨粘膜递送系统包括速崩片和糯米纸囊剂、薄的可溶性薄膜、气雾喷雾剂、可溶性凝胶和水溶液。可溶性薄膜递送系统的实例包括如下文献中公开的那些:Fuchs的美国专利US4,136,145、Schmidt的美国专利US4,849,246、Horstmann的美国专利US5,629,003、Zerbe的美国专利US5,948,430、Yang的美国专利US9,108,340、Yang的美国专利US8,906,277、Yang的美国专利US8,900,498、Yang的美国专利US8,900,497、Yang的美国专利US8,652,378、Yang的美国专利US 8,603,514、Bryson的美国专利US9,427,412和Bryson的美国专利US8,414,922。其它跨粘膜系统公开在如下文献中:Delbressine的美国专利US 5,763,476(舌下和颊部用溶液和固体)、Amancha的美国专利US9,216,175(舌下喷雾剂)、Kottayil的美国专利US8,835,459(舌下喷雾剂)和Chen的美国专利US 6,552,024(不同的粘膜递送系统)。然而,发现一些药物例如阿扑吗啡在一些跨粘膜递送形式中是可耐受和有效的,但在另外的系统中不耐受且无效(参见美国专利US9,427,412,该文献描述对于舌下片和鼻内喷雾剂的效能或耐受性缺乏,但对于舌下薄膜无此缺陷)。此外,各制剂必须与特定的活性药物成分协调以确保递送中的可靠性。因此,尽管跨粘膜递药领域具有长的历史,但需要相当的努力以使任意选择的跨粘膜递送技术适应于特定的活性药物成分。
皮下注射液是本领域众所周知的,并且通常用于施用胰岛素、吗啡、甲氨蝶呤和许多另外的药物和疫苗。皮下注射通常由临床医师和另外的医务人员使用带有小号针头的传统注射器进行,但还存在许多针对自我施用皮下注射液的患者的专用装置,例如预装注射器、自动注射器和耐用注射器。这类装置包括用于胰岛素注射的HumatroPen(Eli Lilly,Indianapolis,Indiana,U.S.)和用于甲氨蝶呤注射液的Otrexup自动注射器(AntaresPharma,Ewing,New Jersey,U.S.)。
对于改进的递药系统存在需求,其用于安全、有效、可靠地递送式I的化合物和/或式II的化合物。本公开提供了新的跨粘膜和皮下制剂,其递送这些化合物,而没有现存的胃肠外和口服递送系统的缺陷。
简述
本公开涉及新的跨粘膜和皮下药物制剂,其包含游离碱、共晶或盐形式的1-(4-氟-苯基)-4-((6bR,10aS)-3-甲基-2,3,6b,9,10,10a-六氢-1H,7H-吡啶并[3′,4′:4,5]吡咯并[1,2,3-de]喹喔啉-8-基)-丁-1-酮及其氘代变化形式。跨粘膜制剂包括但不限于液体、固体和/或气雾剂形式的口服、鼻腔和阴道制剂,包括舌下、颊部、鼻内和阴道内片剂、糯米纸囊剂、薄膜、喷雾剂和凝胶。
根据下文提供的详细描述,本发明的其他应用领域将变得显而易见。应当理解,详细描述和具体实施例虽然表明了本发明的优选实施方案,但预期仅用于示例目的,并不意图限制本发明的范围。
发明详述
下列优选实施方案的描述实际上仅为示例性的,而绝不预期用于限制本发明、其应用或用途的范围。
作为上下文中使用的,范围用作描述属于该范围的每个和每一个值的简写形式。该范围内的任意值可以被选作该范围的端值。此外,本文引述的所有参考文献作为引用整体并入本文作为参考。在定义本公开和引述的参考文献中出现矛盾的情况下,以本公开为准。
除非另有指定,否则本文和本说明书另外部分中表示的所有百分比和用量应理解为是指重量百分比。指定用量基于游离碱当量形式的物质的活性成分重量。
在第一个实施方案中,本公开提供了跨粘膜药物制剂(制剂1),其包含游离碱、共晶或盐形式的1-(4-氟-苯基)-4-((6bR,10aS)-3-甲基-2,3,6b,9,10,10a-六氢-1H,7H-吡啶并[3′,4′:4,5]吡咯并[1,2,3-de]喹喔啉-8-基)-丁-1-酮(式I的化合物)。本公开还提供了如下制剂:
1.1.制剂1,其中该制剂包含游离碱形式的式I的化合物。
1.2.制剂1,其中该制剂包含式I的化合物,其为盐形式,例如药学上可接受的盐形式,任选地为无定形固体或结晶盐形式;或共晶形式,例如烟酰胺或异烟酰胺共晶形式。
1.3.制剂1.2,其中所述盐形式为甲苯磺酸盐、草酸盐、环氨酸盐、4-氨基水杨酸盐或盐酸盐形式,其中所述盐形式为结晶盐形式。
1.4.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-100mg的式I的化合物(游离碱当量),例如0.01-75mg、0.01-50mg、0.01-30mg、0.01-20mg、0.1-20mg、5-20mg、10-20mg、10-30mg、20-30mg、20-50mg或50-100mg。
1.5.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-10mg的式I的化合物(游离碱当量)。
1.6.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.05-8mg的式I的化合物(游离碱当量),例如0.1-5mg或5-10mg。
1.7.任一上述制剂,还包含一种或多种亲水性水溶性或水溶胀性聚合物。
1.8.制剂1.7,其中所述聚合物选自天然或改性的纤维质聚合物、环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷的聚合物、包含丙烯酸单体的聚合物、天然或改性的树胶(例如黄原胶)、天然或改性淀粉(例如预胶化淀粉)或其任意的混合物。
1.9.任一上述制剂,还包含疏水性聚合物或难溶于水的聚合物,例如硅酮聚合物或聚亚烷基聚合物(例如聚乙烯)。
1.10.任一上述制剂,还包含一种或多种赋形剂,其选自增塑剂、表面活性剂、干燥剂、矫味剂、甜味剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、保湿剂(例如多元醇)、湿润剂、抗氧化剂、缓冲剂(例如酸、碱和/或其盐)和增稠剂(例如胶凝剂)。
1.11.制剂1.10,其中所述一种或多种赋形剂选自如下的任一种:醇(乙醇、甘油、丙二醇)、树胶(例如阿拉伯胶、瓜尔胶、琼脂、黄原胶、黄蓍胶、梧桐胶、胶凝糖)、多糖和多糖衍生物(例如淀粉、葡聚糖、果胶、藻酸盐、角叉菜胶、纤维素、纤维素衍生物(例如羧甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟烷基纤维素(例如羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素))、明胶,包括非胶凝和胶凝型(例如哺乳动物明胶例如牛明胶、猪明胶、禽类明胶、鱼明胶,(例如混合高分子量和低分子量明胶)、合成聚合物(例如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚氧化乙烯和/或聚环氧丙烷聚合物和共聚物(例如伯洛沙姆,例如伯洛沙姆188)、聚丙烯酸酯聚合物(例如卡波普)、聚酰胺聚合物)、糖和糖醇(例如右旋糖、乳糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、核糖、蔗糖、海藻糖、甘露糖醇、麦芽糖醇、拉克替醇、山梨醇、木糖醇、赤藓醇、半乳糖醇、肌醇)多肽/蛋白质、氨基酸、无机或有机酸(例如柠檬酸、乳酸、苹果酸、葡糖酸、苯甲酸、甲苯磺酸、磷酸、硫酸、盐酸、酒石酸、草酸、环拉酸、抗坏血酸、甲磺酸、苯磺酸、甲酸)及其盐(例如上述举出的酸的钠、钾、钙、镁、锂、铵盐)、无机碱或有机碱(例如碱金属或碱土金属碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐、氢氧化物、氧化物),阴离子表面活性剂(例如月桂基硫酸钠、聚氧乙烯烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、月桂酰肌氨酸钠、硬脂酸钠)、阳离子表面活性剂(例如苯甲烃铵、西吡铵、cetrimonium halides、苄索氯铵)、两性离子表面活性剂(例如椰油酰氨基烷基甜菜碱,例如椰油酰氨基丙基甜菜碱)、非离子表面活性剂(例如脂肪醇乙氧基化物(例如聚乙二醇聚十二烷基醚)、山梨坦酯(例如月桂山梨坦、去水山梨糖醇单油酸酯、棕榈山梨坦、硬脂山梨坦、三硬脂山梨坦)、聚乙氧基化山梨坦酯(例如聚山梨醇酯20、聚山梨醇酯40、聚山梨醇酯60、聚山梨醇酯80)和抗氧化剂(例如抗坏血酸、偏亚硫酸氢钠、BHT、BHA、TBHQ、没食子酸丙酯、β-胡萝卜素、生育酚、生育三烯酚)。
1.12.制剂1.11,其中所述赋形剂的任意一种或多种以占制剂重量0.01-20%的量存在,例如0.01-15%或0.01-10%或0.1-20%或0.1-15%或0.1-10%或0.5-10%或0.5-5%或1-5%或2.5-5%或1-3%或0.1-1%。
1.13.任一上述制剂,其不含添加的增塑剂、表面活性剂或保湿剂(例如多元醇)。
1.14.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-99%水,例如0.01-10%水或0.01-5%水或50-99%水或75-99%水或25-75%水。
1.15.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂为速溶片或糯米纸囊剂,例如舌下片或糯米纸囊剂。
1.16.制剂1或1.1-1.14的任一种,其中该制剂是口腔喷雾剂,例如舌下喷雾剂或颊部喷雾剂。
1.17.制剂1或1.1-1.14的任一种,其中该制剂为速溶薄膜,例如舌下薄膜或颊部薄膜。
1.18.制剂1.17,其中所述薄膜为单层或多层薄膜。
1.19.制剂1.17或1.18,其中所述薄膜具有均匀或基本上均匀的厚度。
1.20.制剂1.17、1.18或1.19,其中式I的化合物均匀或基本上均匀地分布于薄膜中。
1.21.制剂1或1.1-1.14的任一种,其中该制剂为鼻内喷雾剂。
1.22.制剂1或1.1-1.14的任一种,其中该制剂为口腔凝胶,例如速溶舌下或颊部凝胶。
1.23.制剂1或1.1-1.14的任一种,其中该制剂为阴道内制剂,例如阴道内速溶片、糯米纸囊剂或凝胶或阴道内喷雾剂或阴道内速溶薄膜。
1.24.任一上述制剂,其中将式I的化合物作为微粒(例如具有小于50μm、小于30μm、小于10μm或小于5μm或小于1μm的平均直径的颗粒)掺入该制剂。
1.25.任一上述制剂,其中将式I的化合物作为纳米粒(例如具有小于100nm或小于50nm或小于10nm的平均直径的颗粒)掺入该制剂。
1.26.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂在施用后小于30秒内被粘膜吸收(例如溶解)。
1.27.任一上述制剂,其中式I的化合物的剂量为用于口服施用单位每日剂量的1-20%,例如口服剂量的5-15%。
1.28.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂还包含式II的化合物或式III的化合物或其组合。
1.29.任一上述制剂,其中将该制剂配制成用于每日一次或每日两次或每日三次或每日四次或每两日一次或每三日一次施用。
1.30.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含式I的化合物,其为甲苯磺酸盐形式,例如单甲苯磺酸盐形式或二甲苯磺酸盐形式或其混合物。
1.31.制剂1.30,其中该制剂还包含甲苯磺酸,例如其中该制剂包含甲苯磺酸盐形式和甲苯磺酸形式的式I的化合物,两者之比为1∶3-3∶1或1∶2-2∶1或1∶1.5-1.5∶1或约1∶1。
1.32.任一上述制剂,其中式I的化合物在一个或多个氢原子位置上富含氘,例如,其中任意一个或多个氢原子位置上存在基本上大于在结构的该位置上掺入天然水平的氘(例如大于0.1%或大于0.5%或大于1%或大于5%)。
1.33.制剂1.32,其中式I的化合物在结构的任意一个或多个氢原子位置上具有大于50%掺入的氘(即大于50原子%D),例如大于60%或大于70%或大于80%或大于90%或大于95%或大于96%或大于97%或大于98%或大于99%。
1.34.制剂1或1.1-1.31的任一种,其中式I的化合物的全部氢原子位置不富含氘(即每个氢原子位置包含天然丰度的氘或小于0.1%的氘)。
在第二个实施方案中,本公开提供了跨粘膜药物制剂(制剂2),其包含游离碱、共晶或盐形式的1-(4-氟-苯基)-4-((6bR,10aS)-2,2-d2-3-甲基-2,3,6b,9,10,10a-六氢-1H,7H-吡啶并[3′,4′:4,5]吡咯并[1,2,3-de]喹喔啉-8-基)-丁-1-酮(式II的化合物)。本公开还提供了如下制剂:
2.1.制剂2,其中该制剂包含游离碱形式的式II的化合物。
2.2.制剂2,其中该制剂包含式II的化合物,其为盐形式,例如药学上可接受的盐形式,任选地为无定形固体或结晶盐形式;或共晶形式,例如烟酰胺或异烟酰胺共晶形式。
2.3.制剂2.2,其中所述盐形式为甲苯磺酸盐、草酸盐、环氨酸盐、4-氨基水杨酸盐或盐酸盐形式,任选其中所述盐形式为结晶盐形式。
2.4.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-100mg的式II的化合物(游离碱当量),例如0.01-75mg、0.01-50mg、0.01-30mg、0.01-20mg、0.1-20mg、5-20mg、10-20mg、10-30mg、20-30mg、20-50mg或50-100mg。
2.5.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-10mg的式II的化合物(游离碱当量)。
2.6.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.05-8mg的式II的化合物(游离碱当量),例如0.1-5mg或5-10mg。
2.7.任一上述制剂,还包含一种或多种亲水性水溶性或水溶胀性聚合物。
2.8.制剂2.7,其中所述聚合物选自天然或改性的纤维质聚合物、环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷的聚合物、包含丙烯酸单体的聚合物、天然或改性的树胶(例如黄原胶)、天然或改性淀粉(例如预胶化淀粉)或其任意的混合物。
2.9.任一上述制剂,还包含疏水性聚合物或难溶于水的聚合物,例如硅酮聚合物或聚亚烷基聚合物(例如聚乙烯)。
2.10.任一上述制剂,还包含一种或多种赋形剂,其选自增塑剂、表面活性剂、干燥剂、矫味剂、甜味剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、保湿剂(例如多元醇)、湿润剂、抗氧化剂、缓冲剂(例如酸、碱和/或其盐)和增稠剂(例如胶凝剂)。
2.11.制剂2.10,其中所述一种或多种赋形剂选自如下的任一种:醇(乙醇、甘油、丙二醇)、树胶(例如阿拉伯胶、瓜尔胶、琼脂、黄原胶、黄蓍胶、梧桐胶、胶凝糖)、多糖和多糖衍生物(例如淀粉、葡聚糖、果胶、藻酸盐、角叉菜胶、纤维素、纤维素衍生物(例如羧甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟烷基纤维素(例如羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素))、明胶,包括非胶凝和胶凝型(例如哺乳动物明胶例如牛明胶、猪明胶、禽类明胶、鱼明胶(例如混合高分子量和低分子量明胶)、合成聚合物(例如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚氧化乙烯和/或聚环氧丙烷聚合物和共聚物(例如伯洛沙姆,例如伯洛沙姆188)、聚丙烯酸酯聚合物(例如卡波普)、聚酰胺聚合物)、糖和糖醇(例如右旋糖、乳糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、核糖、蔗糖、海藻糖、甘露糖醇、麦芽糖醇、拉克替醇、山梨醇、木糖醇、赤藓醇、半乳糖醇、肌醇)多肽/蛋白质、氨基酸、无机或有机酸(例如柠檬酸、乳酸、苹果酸、葡糖酸、苯甲酸、甲苯磺酸、磷酸、硫酸、盐酸、酒石酸、草酸、环拉酸、抗坏血酸、甲磺酸、苯磺酸、甲酸)及其盐(例如上述举出的酸的钠、钾、钙、镁、锂、铵盐)、无机碱或有机碱(例如碱金属或碱土金属碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐、氢氧化物、氧化物)、阴离子表面活性剂(例如月桂基硫酸钠、聚氧乙烯烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、月桂酰肌氨酸钠、硬脂酸钠)、阳离子表面活性剂(例如苯甲烃铵、西吡铵、cetrimonium halides、苄索氯铵)、两性离子表面活性剂(例如椰油酰氨基烷基甜菜碱、例如椰油酰氨基丙基甜菜碱)、非离子表面活性剂(例如脂肪醇乙氧基化物(例如聚乙二醇聚十二烷基醚)、山梨坦酯(例如月桂山梨坦、去水山梨糖醇单油酸酯、棕榈山梨坦、硬脂山梨坦、三硬脂山梨坦)、聚乙氧基化山梨坦酯(例如聚山梨醇酯20、聚山梨醇酯40、聚山梨醇酯60、聚山梨醇酯80)和抗氧化剂(例如抗坏血酸、偏亚硫酸氢钠、BHT、BHA、TBHQ、没食子酸丙酯、β-胡萝卜素、生育酚、生育三烯酚)。
2.12.制剂2.11,其中所述赋形剂的任意一种或多种以占制剂重量0.01-20%的量存在,例如0.01-15%或0.01-10%或0.1-20%或0.1-15%或0.1-10%或0.5-10%或0.5-5%或1-5%或2.5-5%或1-3%或0.1-1%。
2.13.任一上述制剂,其不含添加的增塑剂、表面活性剂或保湿剂(例如多元醇)。
2.14.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-99%水,例如0.01-10%水或0.01-5%水或50-99%水或75-99%水或25-75%水。
2.15.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂为速溶片或糯米纸囊剂,例如舌下片或糯米纸囊剂。
2.16.制剂2或2.1-2.14的任一种,其中该制剂是口腔喷雾剂,例如舌下喷雾剂或颊部喷雾剂。
2.17.制剂2或2.1-2.14的任一种,其中该制剂为速溶薄膜,例如舌下薄膜或颊部薄膜。
2.18.制剂2.17,其中所述薄膜为单层或多层薄膜。
2.19.制剂2.17或2.18,其中所述薄膜具有均匀或基本上均匀的厚度。
2.20.制剂2.17、2.18或2.19,其中式II的化合物均匀或基本上均匀地分布于薄膜中。
2.21.制剂2或2.1-2.14的任一种,其中该制剂为鼻内喷雾剂。
2.22.制剂2或2.1-2.14的任一种,其中该制剂为口腔凝胶,例如速溶舌下或颊部凝胶。
2.23.制剂2或2.1-2.14的任一种,其中该制剂为阴道内制剂,例如阴道内速溶片、糯米纸囊剂或凝胶或阴道内喷雾剂或阴道内速溶薄膜。
2.24.任一上述制剂,其中将式II的化合物作为微粒(例如具有小于50μm、小于30μm、小于10μm或小于5μm或小于1μm的平均直径的颗粒)掺入该制剂。
2.25.任一上述制剂,其中将式II的化合物作为纳米粒(例如具有小于100nm或小于50nm或小于10nm的平均直径的颗粒)掺入该制剂。
2.26.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂在施用后小于30秒内被粘膜吸收(例如溶解)。
2.27.任一上述制剂,其中式II的化合物的剂量为用于口服施用单位每日剂量的1-20%,例如口服剂量的5-15%。
2.28.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂还包含式I的化合物或式III的化合物或其组合。
2.29.任一上述制剂,其中将该制剂配制成用于每日一次或每日两次或每日三次或每日四次或每两日一次或每三日一次施用。
2.30.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含式II的化合物,其为甲苯磺酸盐形式,例如单甲苯磺酸盐形式或二甲苯磺酸盐形式或其混合物。
2.31.制剂2.30,其中该制剂还包含甲苯磺酸,例如其中该制剂包含甲苯磺酸盐形式和甲苯磺酸形式的式II的化合物,两者之比为1∶3-3∶1或1∶2-2∶1或1∶1.5-1.5∶1或约1∶1。
在第三个实施方案中,本公开提供了皮下药物制剂(制剂3),其包含游离碱、共晶或盐形式的1-(4-氟-苯基)-4-((6bR,10aS)-3-甲基-2,3,6b,9,10,10a-六氢-1H,7H-吡啶并[3′,4′:4,5]吡咯并[1,2,3-de]喹喔啉-8-基)-丁-1-酮(式I的化合物)。本公开还提供了如下制剂:
3.1.制剂3,其中该制剂包含游离碱形式的式I的化合物。
3.2.制剂3,其中该制剂包含式I的化合物,其为盐形式,例如药学上可接受的盐形式,任选地为无定形固体或结晶盐形式;或共晶形式,例如烟酰胺或异烟酰胺共晶形式。
3.3.制剂3.2,其中所述盐形式为甲苯磺酸盐、草酸盐、环氨酸盐、4-氨基水杨酸盐或盐酸盐形式,任选其中所述盐形式为结晶盐形式。
3.4.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-100mg的式I的化合物(游离碱当量),例如0.01-75mg、0.01-50mg、0.01-30mg、0.01-20mg、0.1-20mg、5-20mg、10-20mg、10-30mg、20-30mg、20-50mg或50-100mg。
3.5.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-10mg的式I的化合物(游离碱当量)。
3.6.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.05-8mg的式I的化合物(游离碱当量),例如0.1-5mg或5-10mg。
3.7.任一上述制剂,还包含如下的一种或多种:水、水溶性聚合物(例如改性纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙二醇)、水易溶混的醇(例如乙醇、甘油和丙二醇)、填充剂(例如糖、糖醇和氨基酸)、无机盐(例如氯化钠、氯化钙、氯化钾)、缓冲剂(例如碳酸盐和碳酸氢盐、柠檬酸盐、磷酸盐、Tris盐)、防腐剂、抗氧化剂、螯合剂及其混合物。
3.8.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-99%水,例如0.01-10%水或0.01-5%水或50-99%水或75-99%水或25-75%水。
3.9.任一上述制剂,其中式I的化合物的主要量(例如大于75%或大于85%或大于90%)即刻被吸收(例如在小于1分钟或小于5分钟内)。
3.10.任一上述制剂,其中式I的化合物的主要量(例如大于25%或大于50%或大于75%)不会即刻被吸收(例如在大于5分钟或大于10分钟或大于30分钟或大于1小时或大于5小时内)。
3.11.任一上述制剂,其中将该制剂包装用于预装注射器、预装自动注射器或密封小瓶或类似容器中。
3.12.任一上述制剂,其中将该制剂用作干燥固体包装,例如冻干固体,用于使用时用药学上可接受的溶剂(例如无菌注射用水)重构。
3.13.任一上述制剂,其中式I的化合物的剂量为用于口服施用单位每日剂量的1-20%,例如口服剂量的5-15%。
3.14.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂还包含式II的化合物或式III的化合物或其组合。
3.15.任一上述制剂,其中将该制剂配制成用于每日一次或每两日一次或每三日一次或每周一次或每两周一次或每三周一次或每月一次或每两月一次或每三月一次或每六月一次施用。
3.16.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含式I的化合物,其为甲苯磺酸盐形式,例如单甲苯磺酸盐形式或二甲苯磺酸盐形式或其混合物。
3.17.制剂3.16,其中该制剂还包含甲苯磺酸,例如其中该制剂包含甲苯磺酸盐形式和甲苯磺酸形式的式I的化合物,两者之比为1∶3-3∶1或1∶2-2∶1或1∶1.5-1.5∶1或约1∶1。
3.18.任一上述制剂,其中式I的化合物在一个或多个氢原子位置上富含氘,例如,其中任意一个或多个氢原子位置上存在基本上大于在结构的该位置上掺入天然水平的氘(例如大于0.1%或大于0.5%或大于1%或大于5%)。
3.19.制剂3.18,其中式I的化合物在结构的任意一个或多个氢原子位置上具有大于50%掺入的氘(即大于50原子%D),例如大于60%或大于70%或大于80%或大于90%或大于95%或大于96%或大于97%或大于98%或大于99%。
3.20.制剂3或3.1-3.17的任一种,其中式I的化合物的全部氢原子位置不富含氘(即每个氢原子位置包含天然丰度的氘或小于0.1%的氘)。
在第四个实施方案中,本公开提供了皮下药物制剂(制剂4),其包含游离碱、共晶或盐形式的1-(4-氟-苯基)-4-((6bR,10aS)-2,2-d2-3-甲基-2,3,6b,9,10,10a-六氢-1H,7H-吡啶并[3′,4′:4,5]吡咯并[1,2,3-de]喹喔啉-8-基)-丁-1-酮(式II的化合物)。本公开还提供了如下制剂:
4.1.制剂4,其中该制剂包含游离碱形式的式II的化合物。
4.2.制剂4,其中该制剂包含式II的化合物,其为盐形式,例如药学上可接受的盐形式,任选地为无定形固体或结晶盐形式;或共晶形式,例如烟酰胺或异烟酰胺共晶形式。
4.3.制剂4.2,其中所述盐形式为甲苯磺酸盐、草酸盐、环氨酸盐、4-氨基水杨酸盐或盐酸盐形式,任选其中所述盐形式为结晶盐形式。
4.4.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-100mg的式II的化合物(游离碱当量),例如0.01-75mg、0.01-50mg、0.01-30mg、0.01-20mg、0.1-20mg、5-20mg、10-20mg、10-30mg、20-30mg、20-50mg或50-100mg。
4.5.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-10mg的式II的化合物(游离碱当量)。
4.6.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.05-8mg的式II的化合物(游离碱当量),例如0.1-5mg或5-10mg。
4.7.任一上述制剂,还包含如下的一种或多种:水、水溶性聚合物(例如改性纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙二醇)、水易溶混的醇(例如乙醇、甘油和丙二醇)、填充剂(例如糖、糖醇和氨基酸)、无机盐(例如氯化钠、氯化钙、氯化钾)、缓冲剂(例如碳酸盐和碳酸氢盐、柠檬酸盐、磷酸盐、Tris盐)、防腐剂、抗氧化剂、螯合剂及其混合物。
4.8.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-99%水,例如0.01-10%水或0.01-5%水或50-99%水或75-99%水或25-75%水。
4.9.任一上述制剂,其中式II的化合物的主要量(例如大于75%或大于85%或大于90%)被即刻吸收(例如在小于1分钟或小于5分钟内)。
4.10.任一上述制剂,其中式II的化合物的显著量(例如大于25%或大于50%或大于75%)不被即刻吸收(例如在大于5分钟或大于10分钟或大于30分钟或大于1小时或大于5小时内)。
4.11.任一上述制剂,其中将该制剂包装用于预装注射器、预装自动注射器或密封小瓶或类似容器。
4.12.任一上述制剂,其中将该制剂作为干燥固体包装,例如冻干固体,用于在使用时用药学上可接受的溶剂(例如无菌注射用水)重构。
4.13.任一上述制剂,其中式II的化合物的剂量为用于口服施用单位每日剂量的1-20%,例如口服剂量的5-15%。
4.14.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂还包含式I的化合物或式III的化合物或其组合。
4.15.任一上述制剂,其中将该制剂配制成用于每日一次或每两日一次或每三日一次或每周一次或每两周一次或每三周一次或每个月一次或每两个月一次或每三个月一次或每六个月一次施用。
4.16.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含式II的化合物,其为甲苯磺酸盐形式,例如单甲苯磺酸盐形式或二甲苯磺酸盐形式或其混合物。
4.17.制剂4.16,其中该制剂还包含甲苯磺酸,例如其中该制剂包含甲苯磺酸盐形式和甲苯磺酸形式的式II的化合物,两者之比为1∶3-3∶1或1∶2-2∶1或1∶1.5-1.5∶1或约1∶1。
在第五个实施方案中,本公开提供了跨粘膜药物制剂(制剂5),其包含游离碱、共晶或盐形式的1-(4-氟-苯基)-4-((6bR,10aS)-1,1,2,2-d4-3-甲基-2,3,6b,9,10,10a-六氢-1H,7H-吡啶并[3′,4′:4,5]吡咯并[1,2,3-de]喹喔啉-8-基)-丁-1-酮(式III的化合物)。本公开还提供了如下制剂:
5.1.制剂5,其中该制剂包含游离碱形式的式III的化合物。
5.2.制剂5,其中该制剂包含式III的化合物,其为盐形式,例如药学上可接受的盐形式,任选地为无定形固体或结晶盐形式;或共晶形式,例如烟酰胺或异烟酰胺共晶形式。
5.3.制剂5.2,其中所述盐形式为甲苯磺酸盐、草酸盐、环氨酸盐、4-氨基水杨酸盐或盐酸盐形式,任选其中所述盐形式为结晶盐形式。
5.4.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-100mg的式III的化合物(游离碱当量),例如0.01-75mg、0.01-50mg、0.01-30mg、0.01-20mg、0.1-20mg、5-20mg、10-20mg、10-30mg、20-30mg、20-50mg或50-100mg。
5.5.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-10mg的式III的化合物(游离碱当量)。
5.6.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.05-8mg的式III的化合物(游离碱当量),例如0.1-5mg或5-10mg。
5.7.任一上述制剂,还包含一种或多种亲水性水溶性或水溶胀性聚合物。
5.8.制剂51.7,其中所述聚合物选自天然或改性的纤维质聚合物、环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷的聚合物、包含丙烯酸单体的聚合物、天然或改性的树胶(例如黄原胶)、天然或改性淀粉(例如预胶化淀粉)或其任意的混合物。
5.9.任一上述制剂,还包含疏水性聚合物或难溶于水的聚合物,例如硅酮聚合物或聚亚烷基聚合物(例如聚乙烯)。
5.10.任一上述制剂,还包含一种或多种赋形剂,其选自增塑剂、表面活性剂、干燥剂、矫味剂、甜味剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、保湿剂(例如多元醇)、湿润剂、抗氧化剂、缓冲剂(例如酸、碱和/或其盐)和增稠剂(例如胶凝剂)。
5.11.制剂5.10,其中所述一种或多种赋形剂选自如下的任一种:醇(乙醇、甘油、丙二醇)、树胶(例如阿拉伯胶、瓜尔胶、琼脂、黄原胶、黄蓍胶、梧桐胶、胶凝糖)、多糖和多糖衍生物(例如淀粉、葡聚糖、果胶、藻酸盐、角叉菜胶、纤维素、纤维素衍生物(例如羧甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟烷基纤维素(例如羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素))、明胶,包括非胶凝和胶凝型(例如哺乳动物明胶例如牛明胶、猪明胶、禽类明胶、鱼明胶(例如混合高分子量和低分子量明胶)、合成聚合物(例如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚氧化乙烯和域聚环氧丙烷聚合物和共聚物(例如伯洛沙姆,例如伯洛沙姆188)、聚丙烯酸酯聚合物(例如卡波普)、聚酰胺聚合物)、糖和糖醇(例如右旋糖、乳糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖、核糖、蔗糖、海藻糖、甘露糖醇、麦芽糖醇、拉克替醇、山梨醇、木糖醇、赤藓醇、半乳糖醇、肌醇)多肽/蛋白质、氨基酸、无机或有机酸(例如柠檬酸、乳酸、苹果酸、葡糖酸、苯甲酸、甲苯磺酸、磷酸、硫酸、盐酸、酒石酸、草酸、环拉酸、抗坏血酸、甲磺酸、苯磺酸、甲酸)及其盐(例如上述举出的酸的钠、钾、钙、镁、锂、铵盐)、无机碱或有机碱(例如碱金属或碱土金属碳酸盐、碳酸氢盐、氢氧化物、氧化物)、阴离子表面活性剂(例如月桂基硫酸钠、聚氧乙烯烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、月桂酰肌氨酸钠、硬脂酸钠)、阳离子表面活性剂(例如苯甲烃铵、西吡铵、cetrimonium halides、苄索氯铵)、两性离子表面活性剂(例如椰油酰氨基烷基甜菜碱、例如椰油酰氨基丙基甜菜碱)、非离子表面活性剂(例如脂肪醇乙氧基化物(例如聚乙二醇聚十二烷基醚)、山梨坦酯(例如月桂山梨坦、去水山梨糖醇单油酸酯、棕榈山梨坦、硬脂山梨坦、三硬脂山梨坦)、聚乙氧基化山梨坦酯(例如聚山梨醇酯20、聚山梨醇酯40、聚山梨醇酯60、聚山梨醇酯80)和抗氧化剂(例如抗坏血酸、偏亚硫酸氢钠、BHT、BHA、TBHQ、没食子酸丙酯、β-胡萝卜素、生育酚、生育三烯酚)。
5.12.制剂5.11,其中所述赋形剂的任意一种或多种以占制剂重量0.01-20%的量存在,例如0.01-15%或0.01-10%或0.1-20%或0.1-15%或0.1-10%或0.5-10%或0.5-5%或1-5%或2.5-5%或1-3%或0.1-1%。
5.13.任一上述制剂,其不合添加的增塑剂、表面活性剂或保湿剂(例如多元醇)。
5.14.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-99%水,例如0.01-10%水或0.01-5%水或50-99%水或75-99%水或25-75%水。
5.15.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂为速溶片或糯米纸囊剂,例如舌下片或糯米纸囊剂。
5.16.制剂5或5.1-5.14的任一种,其中该制剂是口腔喷雾剂,例如舌下喷雾剂或颊部喷雾剂。
5.17.制剂5或5.1-5.14的任一种,其中该制剂为速溶薄膜,例如舌下薄膜或颊部薄膜。
5.18.制剂5.17,其中所述薄膜为单层或多层薄膜。
5.19.制剂5.17或5.18,其中所述薄膜具有均匀或基本上均匀的厚度。
5.20.制剂5.17、5.18或5.19,其中式III的化合物均匀或基本上均匀地分布于所述薄膜中。
5.21.制剂5或5.1-5.14的任一种,其中该制剂为鼻内喷雾剂。
5.22.制剂5或5.1-5.14的任一种,其中该制剂为口服凝胶,例如速溶舌下或颊部凝胶。
5.23.制剂5或5.1-5.14的任一种,其中该制剂为阴道内制剂,例如阴道内速溶片、糯米纸囊剂或凝胶或阴道内喷雾剂或阴道内速溶薄膜。
5.24.任一上述制剂,其中将式III的化合物作为微粒(例如具有小于50μm、小于30μm、小于10μm或小于5μm或小于1μm的平均直径的颗粒)掺入该制剂。
5.25.任一上述制剂,其中将式III的化合物作为纳米粒(例如具有小于100nm或小于50nm或小于10nm的平均直径的颗粒)掺入该制剂。
5.26.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂在施用后小于30秒内被粘膜吸收(例如溶解)。
5.27.任一上述制剂,其中式III的化合物的剂量为用于口服施用单位每日剂量的1-20%,例如口服剂量的5-15%。
5.28.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂还包含式II的化合物或式I的化合物或其组合。
5.29.任一上述制剂,其中将该制剂配制成用于每日一次或每日两次或每日三次或每日四次或每两日一次或每三日一次施用。
5.30.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含式III的化合物,其为甲苯磺酸盐形式,例如单甲苯磺酸盐形式或二甲苯磺酸盐形式或其混合物。
5.31.制剂5.30,其中该制剂还包含甲苯磺酸,例如其中该制剂包含甲苯磺酸盐形式和甲苯磺酸形式的式III的化合物,两者之比为1∶3-3∶1或1∶2-2∶1或1∶1.5-1.5∶1或约1∶1。
在第六个实施方案中,本公开提供了皮下药物制剂(制剂6),其包含游离碱、共晶或盐形式的1-(4-氟-苯基)-4-((6bR,10aS)-1,1,2,2-d4-3-甲基-2,3,6b,9,10,10a-六氢-1H,7H-吡啶并[3′,4′:4,5]吡咯并[1,2,3-de]喹喔啉-8-基)-丁-1-酮(式III的化合物)。本公开还提供了如下制剂:
6.1.制剂6,其中该制剂包含游离碱形式的式III的化合物。
6.2.制剂6,其中该制剂包含式III的化合物,其为盐形式,例如药学上可接受的盐形式,任选地为无定形固体或结晶盐形式;或共晶形式,例如烟酰胺或异烟酰胺共晶形式。
6.3.制剂6.2,其中所述盐形式为甲苯磺酸盐、草酸盐、环氨酸盐、4-氨基水杨酸盐或盐酸盐形式,任选其中所述盐形式为结晶盐形式。
6.4.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-100mg的式III的化合物(游离碱当量),例如0.01-75mg、0.01-50mg、0.01-30mg、0.01-20mg、0.1-20mg、5-20mg、10-20mg、10-30mg、20-30mg、20-50mg或50-100mg。
6.5.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-10mg的式III的化合物r游离碱当量)。
6.6.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.05-8mg的式III的化合物(游离碱当量),例如0.1-5mg或5-10mg。
6.7.任一上述制剂,还包含如下的一种或多种:水、水溶性聚合物(例如改性纤维素、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙二醇)、水易溶混的醇(例如乙醇、甘油和丙二醇)、填充剂(例如糖、糖醇和氨基酸)、无机盐(例如氯化钠、氯化钙、氯化钾)、缓冲剂(例如碳酸盐和碳酸氢盐、柠檬酸盐、磷酸盐、Tris盐)、防腐剂、抗氧化剂、螯合剂及其混合物。
6.8.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含0.01-99%水,例如0.01-10%水或0.01-5%水或50-99%水或75-99%水或25-75%水。
6.9.任一上述制剂,其中式III的化合物的主要量(例如大于75%或大于85%或大于90%)被即刻吸收(例如在小于1分钟或小于5分钟内)。
6.10.任一上述制剂,其中式III的化合物的显著量(例如大于25%或大于50%或大于75%)不被即刻吸收(例如在大于5分钟或大于10分钟或大于30分钟或大于1小时或大于5小时内)。
6.11.任一上述制剂,其中将该制剂包装用于预装注射器、预装自动注射器或密封小瓶或类似容器。
6.12.任一上述制剂,其中将该制剂作为干燥固体包装,例如冻干固体,用于在使用时用药学上可接受的溶剂(例如无菌注射用水)重构。
6.13.任一上述制剂,其中式III的化合物的剂量为用于口服施用单位每日剂量的1-20%,例如口服剂量的5-15%。
6.14.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂还包含式II的化合物或式I的化合物或其组合。
6.15.任一上述制剂,其中将该制剂配制成用于每日一次或每两日一次或每三日一次或每周一次或每两周一次或每三周一次或每个月一次或每两个月一次或每三个月一次或每六个月一次施用。
6.16.任一上述制剂,其中该制剂包含式III的化合物,其为甲苯磺酸盐形式,例如单甲苯磺酸盐形式或二甲苯磺酸盐形式或其混合物。
6.17.制剂4.16,其中该制剂还包含甲苯磺酸,例如其中该制剂包含甲苯磺酸盐形式和甲苯磺酸形式的式III的化合物,两者之比为1∶3-3∶1或1∶2-2∶1或1∶1.5-1.5∶1或约1∶1。
如本文所用,“氘化”是指用氘原子(2H)取代化学结构中的氢(氕,1H)原子。当氘在该位置的丰度丰富时,认为结构的氢原子位置被氘取代。氘的天然丰度约为0.02%,因此当在该位置掺入氘的频率超过0.02%时,化合物在特定位置“富集”氘。因此,在本文提供的氘代化合物的任何实施方案中,任意一个或多个氢原子可以富含氘,其水平为大于0.1%或大于0.5%或大于1%或大于5%,例如大于50%或大于60%或大于70%或大于80%或大于90%或大于95%或大于96%或大于97%或大于98%或大于99%。
在本公开包含式I的化合物的所有方面和实施方案中,所述式I的化合物任选地在一个或多个氢原子位置上被氘代。
在本公开包含式II的化合物的所有方面和实施方案中,所述式II的化合物仅在指定位置(2,2-d2)富集。
在本公开包含式III的化合物的所有方面和实施方案中,所述式III的化合物仅在所有指定位置(1,1,2,2-d4)富集。
在第二个方面,本公开提供了用于生产如下制剂1或如下制剂2或如下制剂5的跨粘膜制剂的方法(方法1),其包含下列步骤:
(a)任选地在适合的溶剂或溶剂混合物中合并游离或药学上可接受的盐形式的式I的化合物和/或游离或药学上可接受的盐形式的式II的化合物和/或游离或药学上可接受的盐形式的式III的化合物与适合的药学上可接受的赋形剂;和
(b)(1)除去所述溶剂,得到干燥薄膜;或(2)除去所述溶剂,得到干燥粉末,其适合于压制成片剂或糯米纸囊剂;或(3)除去所述溶剂或其一些部分,得到适合于通过气雾剂喷雾装置施用的溶液。
在第三个方面,本公开提供了用于生产如下制剂3或如下制剂4或如下制剂6的皮下制剂的方法(方法2),其包含下列步骤的任一个:
(a)在适合的注射用溶剂或溶剂混合物中合并游离或药学上可接受的盐形式的式I的化合物和/或游离或药学上可接受的盐形式的式II的化合物和/或游离或药学上可接受的盐形式的式III的化合物与适合的药学上可接受的赋形剂,并然后将得到的溶液包装使用(例如在预装注射器或密封小瓶或类似容器或预装自动注射器中);或
(b)在适合的溶剂或溶剂混合物中合并游离或药学上可接受的盐形式的式I的化合物和/或游离或药学上可接受的盐形式的式II的化合物和/或游离或药学上可接受的盐形式的式III的化合物,任选地与适合的药学上可接受的赋形剂,并然后除去所述溶剂,得到干燥固体(例如冻干固体),用于包装。
本文公开的药物制剂例如如下制剂1、如下制剂2、如下制剂3、如下制剂4、如下制剂5和如下制剂6可以包括任何适合的药学上可接受的赋形剂,包括但不限于:稀释剂,例如淀粉、预胶化淀粉、乳糖、粉状纤维素、微晶纤维素、磷酸二钙、磷酸三钙、甘露糖醇、山梨醇、木糖醇、糖等;粘合剂,例如阿拉伯胶、瓜尔胶、黄蓍胶、明胶、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮例如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP K-30、K-90)、聚(乙烯基吡咯烷酮-共-乙酸乙烯酯)(PVP-VA)等、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、醋酸纤维素、醋酸琥珀酸羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC-AS)等;崩解剂,例如淀粉、羟基乙酸淀粉钠、预胶化淀粉、交聚维酮、交联羧甲基纤维素钠等;润滑剂,例如硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸锌等;助流剂,例如胶体二氧化硅等;溶解性或润湿增强剂,例如阴离子或阳离子或中性表面活性剂;麦芽糖糊精、复合物形成剂,例如各种等级的环糊精和树脂;释放速率控制剂,例如羟丙基纤维素、羟基甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、各种等级的甲基丙烯酸甲酯、蜡等;以及成膜剂、增塑剂、着色剂、矫味剂、甜味剂、增粘剂、防腐剂、抗氧化剂、缓冲剂、填充剂等。
在一些实施方案中,制剂可进一步包含一种或多种抗氧化剂,例如生育酚、丁羟基苯(BHT)、没食子酸丙酯(OPG)或抗坏血酸等。包含抗氧化剂可以通过防止活性成分的氧化化学降解来进一步改善制剂的化学稳定性。
在另一方面,本公开提供如下制剂1、如下制剂2、如下制剂3、如下制剂4、如下制剂5或如下制剂6,其用于治疗涉及5-HT2A受体、5-羟色胺转运蛋白(SERT)和/或多巴胺D1/D2受体信号传导途径或由它们介导的疾病或异常病症,例如选自肥胖、厌食症、贪食症、抑郁症(包括严重抑郁障碍(MDD))、焦虑、精神病、精神分裂症、强迫症、性功能障碍、偏头痛、注意力缺陷症、注意力缺陷多动障碍、睡眠障碍、与头痛相关的病症、社交恐怖症、痴呆(包括阿尔茨海默病和帕金森氏痴呆症、胃肠道障碍例如胃肠道蠕动功能障碍和肥胖或双相情感障碍(例如双相抑郁症)的障碍。
在另一个实施方案中,本发明提供用于预防或治疗涉及5-HT2A受体、5-羟色胺转运蛋白(SERT)和/或多巴胺D1/D2受体信号传导途径或由它们介导的疾病或异常病症的方法(方法1),该方法包括在有此需要的患者中,对所述患者通过跨粘膜或皮下途径施用治疗有效量的式I的化合物和/或式II的化合物和/或式III的化合物。方法1的另外的实施方案包括:
1.1方法1,其中通过跨粘膜途径(例如通过口内、鼻内、颊部吸收或舌下吸收)施用式I的化合物和/或式II的化合物和/或式III的化合物。
1.2方法1.1,其中以组合物的形式施用式I的化合物和/或式II的化合物和/或式III的化合物,所述组合物形式选自如下制剂1或如下制剂2或如下制剂4的任一种。
1.3方法1.1或1.2,其中通过舌下施用式I的化合物和/或式II的化合物和/或式III的化合物,例如通过舌下薄膜、舌下喷雾剂、舌下片或糯米纸囊剂(例如速溶片或糯米纸囊剂)或舌下溶液(例如水溶液)。
1.4方法1.1或1.2,其中通过颊部施用式I的化合物和/或式II的化合物和/或式III的化合物,例如通过颊部薄膜、颊部喷雾剂、颊部舌下片或糯米纸囊剂(例如速溶片或糯米纸囊剂)。
1.5方法1.1或1.2,其中通过口内施用式I的化合物和/或式II的化合物和/或式III的化合物,例如通过口内喷雾剂(例如气雾剂喷雾)。
1.6方法1.1或1.2,其中通过鼻内施用式I的化合物和/或式II的化合物和/或式III的化合物,例如通过鼻内喷雾剂(例如气雾剂喷雾)。
1.7方法1,其中通过皮下途径施用式I的化合物和/或式II的化合物和/或式III的化合物(例如皮下注射剂)。
1.8方法1.7,其中以组合物的形式施用式I的化合物和/或式II的化合物和/或式III的化合物,所述组合物形式选自如下制剂3或如下制剂4或如下制剂6的任一种。
1.9方法1.7或1.8,其中通过预先装注射器、自动注射器或可穿刺射器施用式I的化合物和/或式II的化合物和/或式III的化合物。
1.10方法1.7、1.8或1.9,其中由患者施用式I的化合物和/或式II的化合物和/或式III的化合物(例如自我施用)。
1.11方法1或如下1.1的任一种,其中所述疾病或病症选自肥胖、厌食症、贪食症、抑郁症(包括严重抑郁障碍(MDD))、焦虑、精神病、精神分裂症、强迫症、性功能障碍、偏头痛、注意力缺陷症、注意力缺陷多动障碍、睡眠障碍、与头痛相关的病症、社交恐怖症、痴呆(包括阿尔茨海默病和帕金森氏痴呆症、胃肠道疾病例如胃肠道蠕动功能障碍和肥胖或双相情感障碍(例如双相抑郁症)。
1.12方法1或如下1.1的任一种,其中待治疗的疾病或病症需要快速干预,例如急性焦虑、急性冲动或急性精神病。
1.13方法1或如下1.1的任一种,其中通过跨粘膜(例如舌下、颊部、鼻内或口内途径)或皮下途径施用的剂量为通过口服途径针对相同病症施用剂量的1-20%,例如口服剂量的5-15%。
式I的化合物或式II的化合物和/或式III的化合物,用于如下的方法1或如下的方法1.1的任一种。
药物组合物,选自如下制剂1、如下制剂2、如下制剂3、如下制剂4、如下制剂5或如下制剂6的任一种的制剂的任一种,其用于方法1或如下方法1.1的任一种。
式I的化合物或式II的化合物或式III的化合物在制备用于跨粘膜或皮下施用的药物中的用途,例如如下制剂1、如下制剂2、如下制剂3、如下制剂4、如下制剂5或如下制剂6的任一种,其用于方法1或如下方法1.1的任一种。
合成式I的化合物和式II的化合物的方法为本领域已知的,并且包括如下文献中公开的方法:WO PCT/US08/03340(WO 2008/112280);美国申请顺序号US 10/786,935;美国专利号US6,548,493;7,238,690;6,552,017;6,713,471;7,183,282;US RE39680和USRE39679和WO 2015/154025,其各自的内容通过引用整体并入本文作为参考。本发明化合物的盐还可以如美国专利号US6,548,493;7,238,690;6,552,017;6,713,471;7,183,282;USRE39680;US RE39679;和WO 2009/114181中所述制备,其各自的内容通过引用整体并入作为参考。
本发明化合物的非对映异构体的分离或纯化可通过本领域已知的常规方法进行,例如柱纯化、制备型薄层色谱、制备型HPLC、结晶、研磨、模拟移动床等。
式I、II和III的化合物的药学上可接受的盐可以通过常规化学方法由含有碱性或酸性部分的母体化合物合成。通常,这些盐可以通过使这些化合物的游离碱形式与化学计量的适当的酸在水中或在有机溶剂中或在两者的混合物中反应来制备;通常,非水介质如乙醚、乙酸乙酯、乙醇、异丙醇或乙腈是优选的。制备这些盐的更多细节,例如无定形或晶体形式的甲苯磺酸盐,可以在PCT/US08/03340和/或美国临时申请号US 61/036,069中找到。
跨粘膜剂型是本领域技术人员已知的,并且已经描述了可以制备这些剂型的一般方法。可溶性薄膜递送系统的实例包括在如下文献中公开的那些:Fuchs的美国专利US4,136,145、Schmidt的美国专利US4,849,246、Horstmann的美国专利US5,629,003、Zerbe的美国专利US5,948,430、Yang的美国专利US9,108,340、Yang的美国专利US8,906,277、Yang的美国专利US8,900,498、Yang的美国专利US8,900,497、Yang的美国专利US8,652,378、Yang的美国专利US 8,603,514、Bryson的美国专利US9,427,412和Bryson的美国专利US8,414,922。另外的跨粘膜系统的制备公开在Delbressine的美国专利US 5,763,476(舌下和颊部溶液和固体)、Amancha的美国专利US9,216,175(舌下喷雾剂)、Kottayil的美国专利US8,835,459(舌下喷雾)和Chen的美国专利US 6,552,024(各种粘膜递送系统)中。这些参考文献各自的内容通过引用整体并入本文作为参考。
实施例
实施例1A:在狗的皮下(SC)与舌下(SL)给药之间的药代动力学比较
在狗的非交叉序贯研究中,在皮下和舌下施用之间比较甲苯磺酸盐形式的式I的化合物和式II的化合物的体内吸收和分布。
SC施用:将2至5岁龄的6只雄性比格犬随机分成两组,每组三只狗。第1组中的狗以0.5%甲基纤维素/蒸馏水溶媒中1mg/kg(游离碱当量)的剂量施用式I的化合物。第2组中的狗以0.5%甲基纤维素/蒸馏水溶媒中1mg/kg(游离碱当量)的剂量施用式II的化合物。通过22或23号针头在肩胛内区域皮下施用。通过狗的头静脉剂量前和在剂量后时间点5、15和30分钟、1、2、4、6、8和24小时采集全血样品。在最少7天的清除期后,将狗转入到研究的舌下部分。
SL施用:组1的狗以0.5%甲基纤维素/蒸馏水溶媒中1mg/kg(游离碱当量)的剂量施用式I化合物。第2组中的狗以0.5%甲基纤维素/蒸馏水溶媒中1mg/kg(游离碱当量)的剂量施用式II的化合物。在使用丙泊酚(6mg/kg)施用所述剂量之前麻醉动物,并使用3-4.5%异氟烷将麻醉维持30分钟。施用为舌下施用,且将所述剂量施用30分钟,然后用无纺纱布擦去。通过狗的头静脉剂量前和在剂量后时间点5、15和30分钟、1、2、4、6、8、24、36和48小时采集全血样品。
将所有血样加工成血浆并使用液相色谱-串联质谱(LC-MS/MS)分析药物浓度。使用Prism 5.04软件(GraphPad Software,Inc.)计算基于血浆与时间数据关系的母体和代谢物的曲线下面积(AUC)。
将结果总结在下表1A中(对0-24小时所示的AUC):
式1A
结果证明SC和SL给药均导致高血浆浓度和高血浆AUC。与两种化合物的SC给药相比,SL给药还导致显著更高的药物最大血浆浓度(Cmax)。对于式II的化合物,SL给药也导致显著更高的总AUC,而式I的化合物的AUC显示出SC和SL给药之间相当的AUC。对于两种化合物,SC和SL给药之间达到最大血浆浓度时间也相同。
实施例1B:使用代谢物分析比较在狗中皮下与舌下给药之间的药代动力学
基本上如实施例1A所述进行第二项研究,不同之处在于分析血浆样品的母体(施用的)化合物以及主要的已知代谢物。在施用式I的化合物或式II的化合物后,发现主要的循环种类为母体和N-去甲基代谢物。将结果总结在下表1B中(显示0-24小时的AUC):
表1B
这些结果进一步证明SC和SL给药均导致所施用的化合物的高血浆浓度和高血浆AUC。与两种化合物的SC给药相比,SL给药还导致更高的药物最大血浆浓度(Cmax)。此外,结果显示SC和SL给药均导致代谢物形成的速率非常低,表明这些途径有效地绕过这些化合物的代谢降解的主要位点(肝代谢)。在SL给药后,血浆中循环的式I的化合物的母体的AUC比代谢产物高约22倍,而在SC给药时高27倍。相反,当口服施用时,已发现式I的化合物及其去甲基代谢物在血浆中循环的AUC约为1∶1或以下。类似地,显示了式II化合物的结果(SL的约12的母体/代谢物比率和SC的约16的母体/代谢物比率)。
实施例2:狗中口服给药的药代动力学
与实施例1中提供的皮下和舌下药代动力学相反,本实施例证明,由于肝脏的高度首过代谢,口服施用导致药物的全身暴露显著降低。即使使用比SC和SL研究中使用的剂量高2.5倍至15倍的剂量也是如此。
作为更大的长期毒理学研究的一部分,以2.5、5、10或15mg/kg的剂量给20只雄性和雌性比格犬施用对照品或甲苯磺酸盐形式的式I的化合物。对于对照组,给狗施用空胶囊。对于式I的化合物,给狗施用正常释放的口服胶囊。在0.25小时、0.5小时、1小时、4小时、8小时和24小时获得血样。将血样加工成血浆并通过高效液相色谱-质谱法分析式I的化合物的浓度。使用Phoenix WinNonlin软件计算Cmax、Tmax和曲线下面积(AUC,0-24小时)。结果如下表2所示:
表2
给药: | 2.5mg/kg | 5mg/kg | 10mg/kg | 15mg/kg |
AUC(ng-hr/mL) | 40.05 | 52.45 | 142.5 | 248 |
Cmax(ng/mL) | 5.51 | 7.72 | 29.0 | 44.5 |
Tmax(hr) | 0.469 | 0.875 | 0.813 | 1.63 |
式I的化合物显示剂量依赖性口服吸收,并且即使最高口服剂量达到的血浆浓度远低于实施例1中所示的舌下和皮下施用所获得的血浆浓度和AUC。仅1.0mg/kg的式I的化合物的舌下和皮下给药导致24-小时AUC比2.5mg/kg的口服给药高18倍。舌下和皮下甚至以1.0mg/kg提供24-小时AUC约为15mg/kg口服给药的AUC的三倍。
这些结果一起清楚地证明了由肝脏首过代谢引起的暴露的大量损失,以及使用跨粘膜给药系统实现的暴露的令人意外的高度改善。
实施例3:猴子中SC和IV给药的药代动力学
还在猴子中进行研究以确定SL和SC以0.5mg/kg给药后的式I的化合物及其主要代谢物的血浆浓度。将六只是食蟹猴分为两组,用于式I的化合物的IV和SC给药。动物以禁食状态给药。在剂量前和剂量后5分钟、15分钟、1小时、2小时、4小时、6小时、8小时、24小时、36小时和48小时时采集血样。将所有血样加工成血浆,然后通过液相色谱-串联质谱分析。测试样品的式I的化合物浓度及其五种主要已知代谢物的浓度。使用PK Solutions 2.0软件(Summit Research Services,Colorado,US)计算PK参数。
结果显示,对于式I的化合物或SC施用,生物利用度(基于IV与SC药代动力学的比较)约为74%。发现大多数测试的代谢物以低于定量限的水平存在。发现只有去-甲基代谢物和酰胺代谢物(与N-甲基相邻的亚甲基氧化成羰基)以显著浓度存在。发现SC给药后两种代谢物的浓度均低于IV给药后的浓度。结果如下表3所示:
表3
结果显示,在猴子中SC施用与IV施用相比导致基本上更低水平的主要代谢物形成。
Claims (16)
1.游离碱或盐形式的式I的化合物,其为1-(4-氟-苯基)-4-((6bR,10aS)-3-甲基-2,3,6b,9,10,10a-六氢-1H,7H-吡啶并[3′,4′:4,5]吡咯并[1,2,3-de]喹喔啉-8-基)-丁-1-酮,或游离碱或盐形式的式II的化合物,其为1-(4-氟-苯基)-4-((6bR,10aS)-2,2-d2-3-甲基-2,3,6b,9,10,10a-六氢-1H,7H-吡啶并[3′,4′:4,5]吡咯并[1,2,3-de]喹喔啉-8-基)-丁-1-酮,用于制备治疗或预防疾病或病症的药物的用途,其中所述的药物为口腔跨粘膜药物制剂。
2.根据权利要求1的用途,其中所述的疾病或病症选自肥胖、厌食症、贪食症、抑郁症、严重抑郁障碍(MDD)、焦虑、精神病、精神分裂症、强迫症、性功能障碍、偏头痛、注意力缺陷症、注意力缺陷多动障碍、睡眠障碍、与头痛相关的病症、社交恐怖症、痴呆、阿尔茨海默病和帕金森氏痴呆症或双相情感障碍。
3.根据权利要求1的用途,其中待治疗的疾病或病症需要快速干预。
4.根据权利要求1的用途,其中所述的疾病或病症选自抑郁症、严重抑郁障碍(MDD)、焦虑、精神病、精神分裂症和双相情感障碍。
5.根据权利要求1的用途,其中待治疗的疾病或病症为急性焦虑、急性冲动或急性精神病。
6.根据权利要求1-5的任一项的用途,其中所述的制剂是速溶片或糯米纸囊剂、速溶薄膜或口腔凝胶剂。
7.根据权利要求1-5的任一项的用途,其中所述的制剂包含游离碱形式的式I的化合物或式II的化合物。
8.根据权利要求1-5的任一项的用途,其中所述的制剂包含药学上可接受的盐形式的式I的化合物或式II的化合物。
9.根据权利要求8的用途,其中所述盐形式为甲苯磺酸盐。
10.根据权利要求1-5的任一项的用途,其还包含一种或多种亲水性水溶性或水可溶胀的聚合物。
11.根据权利要求10的用途,其中所述聚合物选自天然或改性的纤维质聚合物、环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷的聚合物、包含丙烯酸单体的聚合物、天然或改性的树胶、天然或改性淀粉或其任意的混合物。
12.根据权利要求1-5的任一项的用途,还包含一种或多种赋形剂,其选自增塑剂、表面活性剂、干燥剂、矫味剂、粘合剂、崩解剂、保湿剂、湿润剂、抗氧化剂、缓冲剂和增稠剂。
13.根据权利要求1-5的任一项的用途,其中该制剂是舌下片或糯米纸囊剂。
14.根据权利要求1-5的任一项的用途,其中该制剂包含选自阿拉伯胶、瓜尔胶、琼脂、黄原胶、黄蓍胶、梧桐胶、胶凝糖的一种或多种树胶聚合物。
15.根据权利要求1-5的任一项的用途,其中该制剂包含选自明胶的一种或多种聚合物。
16.根据权利要求15的用途,其中所述的明胶选自牛明胶、猪明胶、禽类明胶和鱼明胶。
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