CN116284644A - 一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及聚氨酯轮胎技术领域,尤其涉及一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎及其制备方法。本发明公开了一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎,包括如下质量份数的原料:聚酯多元醇50‑60份、二异氰酸酯10‑20份、扩链剂1‑3份、发泡剂1‑3份。与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明中通过聚酯多元醇与二异氰酸酯发生反应,添加扩链剂和发泡剂,经过硫化得到高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎,得到的聚氨酯轮胎,其邵氏硬度最高达到102,阿克隆磨耗最低达到0.02,抗撕裂强度最高达到104,老化系数最高达到0.97,具备优异的性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及聚氨酯轮胎技术领域,尤其涉及一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎及其制备方法。
背景技术
轮胎是在各种车辆或机械上装配的接地滚动的圆环形弹性橡胶制品。在复杂和苛刻的条件下使用,它在行驶时承受着各种变形、负荷、力以及高低温作用,因此必须具有较高的承载性能、牵引性能、缓冲性能。同时,还要求具备高耐磨性和耐屈挠性,以及低的滚动阻力与生热性。
聚氨酯橡胶因具有优异的物理机械性能和耐化学腐蚀性能,被广泛用于制造各种装载车辆和工程车辆的轮胎。轮胎在实际使用中最为需要的就是耐磨性能,进一步提高轮胎的耐磨性能是我们亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
为了解决上述背景技术中提到的问题,本发明提供一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎及其制备方法。
本发明第一方面提供了一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎,包括如下质量份数的原料:
聚酯多元醇50-60份、二异氰酸酯10-20份、扩链剂1-3份、发泡剂1-3份。
优选的,所述聚酯多元醇通过如下方法制备:
按照质量比将5-氟间苯二甲酸100份、乙二醇50份、1,3-丁二醇40份投入反应釜内搅拌混合,在氮气保护下加热,保持物料温度为150℃,保温0.5h,升温至物料温度180℃,加入催化剂反应,当酸值达到20mg KOH/g后,抽真空,加速反应,酸值和羟值达到设计值时,得到聚酯多元醇。
优选的,所述催化剂为4,5-双(二环己基膦)-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽。
优选的,所述催化剂的添加量为5-氟间苯二甲酸、乙二醇、1,3-丁二醇总质量的200ppm。
优选的,所述二异氰酸酯选自甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的任意一种。
优选的,所述扩链剂由组分A、4,7-二羟基-1,10-菲啰啉按照质量比2:1复配而成;
所述组分A通过如下方法制备:
在氮气氛围下,向容器内加入碳酸乙烯酯1.05mol、乙醇钠0.01mol,滴加2,6-二氨基-3,5-二氟吡啶1mol,滴加完毕后在80℃反应20h,降温出料,得到组分A。
优选的,所述发泡剂为氯氟烃。
本发明第二方面提供了一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、将聚酯多元醇进行脱水,加入二异氰酸酯混合均匀,在60-80℃反应1-2h,制得预聚体;
S2、将扩链剂、发泡剂混合后搅拌均匀,得到辅料;
S3、将预聚体、辅料浇注于轮胎模具中成型,并在140-160℃下硫化6-8h,得到高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎。
优选的,步骤S1中的脱水方法为:在温度为110℃,真空度为0.09MPa下,脱水至含水率小于0.03%。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明中通过聚酯多元醇与二异氰酸酯发生反应,添加扩链剂和发泡剂,经过硫化得到高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎,得到的聚氨酯轮胎,其邵氏硬度最高达到102,阿克隆磨耗最低达到0.02,抗撕裂强度最高达到104,老化系数最高达到0.97,具备优异的性能。
2、本发明聚氨酯的原料之一,聚酯多元醇采用一锅法制备,减少了操作步骤,简化了反应,发明人开发了新的催化剂,4,5-双(二环己基膦)-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽,该催化剂市场上购买即可,不含金属,具有极高的催化活性,绿色环保。
3、本发明的扩链剂由组分A、4,7-二羟基-1,10-菲啰啉按照质量比2:1复配而成;采用组分A和4,7-二羟基-1,10-菲啰啉替代常规扩链剂,通过双羟基菲啰啉和含双羟基的氟吡啶的协同作用,制备得到的聚氨酯轮胎具有优异的力学性能。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
制备例1
按照质量比将5-氟间苯二甲酸100份、乙二醇50份、1,3-丁二醇40份投入反应釜内搅拌混合,在氮气保护下,温度为150℃,保温0.5h,加入催化剂4,5-双(二环己基膦)-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽(添加量为二元羧酸、二元醇总质量的200ppm),反应2h,当酸值达到30mgKOH/g后,开始抽真空,加速反应,酸值和羟值达到设计值时,得到聚酯多元醇,羟基值为38.54mgKOH/g,酸值为0.4mg KOH/g。
制备例2
扩链剂由组分A、4,7-二羟基-1,10-菲啰啉按照质量比2:1复配而成;
所述组分A通过如下方法制备:
在氮气氛围下,向容器内加入碳酸乙烯酯1.05mol、乙醇钠0.01mol,滴加2,6-二氨基-3,5-二氟吡啶1mol,滴加完毕后在80℃反应20h,降温出料,得到组分A。
实施例1
一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1、将聚酯多元醇50份进行脱水,加入甲苯二异氰酸酯10份混合均匀,在70℃反应1h,制得预聚体;
S2、将扩链剂1份、氯氟烃3份混合后搅拌均匀,得到辅料;
S3、将预聚体、辅料浇注于轮胎模具中成型,并在150℃下硫化7h,得到高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎。
步骤S1中的脱水方法为:在温度为110℃,真空度为0.09MPa下,脱水至含水率小于0.03%
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于“甲苯二异氰酸酯20份”,其余和实施例1完全一样。
实施例3
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于“聚酯多元醇60份”,其余和实施例1完全一样。
实施例4
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于“聚酯多元醇60份,甲苯二异氰酸酯20份”,其余和实施例1完全一样。
实施例5
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于“扩链剂2份”,其余和实施例1完全一样。
实施例6
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于“扩链剂3份”,其余和实施例1完全一样。
实施例1-6制得的聚氨酯轮胎与市场上购买的的常规聚氨酯轮胎的性能参数对比,如下表1所示:
从表1中可知,实施例1-6和市场购买的聚氨酯轮胎中,邵氏硬度最高的是实施例4对应的102,阿克隆磨耗最低的是实施例1、4对应的0.02,抗撕裂强度最高的是实施例5对应的104,老化系数最高的是实施例5对应的0.97。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎,其特征在于,包括如下质量份数的原料:
聚酯多元醇50-60份、二异氰酸酯10-20份、扩链剂1-3份、发泡剂1-3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎,其特征在于,所述聚酯多元醇通过如下方法制备:
按照质量比将5-氟间苯二甲酸100份、乙二醇50份、1,3-丁二醇40份投入反应釜内搅拌混合,在氮气保护下加热,保持物料温度为150℃,保温0.5h,升温至物料温度180℃,加入催化剂反应,当酸值达到20mgKOH/g后,抽真空,加速反应,酸值和羟值达到设计值时,得到聚酯多元醇。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎,其特征在于,所述催化剂为4,5-双(二环己基膦)-9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎,其特征在于,所述催化剂的添加量为5-氟间苯二甲酸、乙二醇、1,3-丁二醇总质量的200ppm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎,其特征在于,所述二异氰酸酯选自甲苯二异氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的任意一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎,其特征在于,所述扩链剂由组分A、4,7-二羟基-1,10-菲啰啉按照质量比2:1复配而成;
所述组分A通过如下方法制备:
在氮气氛围下,向容器内加入碳酸乙烯酯1.05mol、乙醇钠0.01mol,滴加2,6-二氨基-3,5-二氟吡啶1mol,滴加完毕后在80℃反应20h,降温出料,得到组分A。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎,其特征在于,所述发泡剂为氯氟烃。
8.一种如权利要求1-7任一项所述的高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1、将聚酯多元醇进行脱水,加入二异氰酸酯混合均匀,在60-80℃反应1-2h,制得预聚体;
S2、将扩链剂、发泡剂混合后搅拌均匀,得到辅料;
S3、将预聚体、辅料浇注于轮胎模具中成型,并在140-160℃下硫化6-8h,得到高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种高耐磨聚氨酯轮胎的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中的脱水方法为:在温度为110℃,真空度为0.09MPa下,脱水至含水率小于0.03%。
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