CN115956064A - Refractory material - Google Patents

Refractory material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115956064A
CN115956064A CN202180004708.2A CN202180004708A CN115956064A CN 115956064 A CN115956064 A CN 115956064A CN 202180004708 A CN202180004708 A CN 202180004708A CN 115956064 A CN115956064 A CN 115956064A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
refractory
sic particles
less
sic
aggregate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202180004708.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
古宫山常夫
松叶浩臣
臼杵裕树
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
NGK Insulators Ltd
NGK Adrec Co Ltd
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NGK Insulators Ltd
NGK Adrec Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NGK Insulators Ltd, NGK Adrec Co Ltd filed Critical NGK Insulators Ltd
Publication of CN115956064A publication Critical patent/CN115956064A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/14—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment
    • F27B9/20—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace
    • F27B9/24—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor
    • F27B9/2407—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity characterised by the path of the charge during treatment; characterised by the means by which the charge is moved during treatment the charge moving in a substantially straight path tunnel furnace being carried by a conveyor the conveyor being constituted by rollers (roller hearth furnace)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/36—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
    • C04B2235/428—Silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
    • C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
    • C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
    • C04B2235/5436—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron

Abstract

The refractory is a Si-SiC material having SiC particles as a main component as an aggregate and containing metal Si among the SiC particles. The SiC particles as the aggregate have an average particle diameter of 15 μm or less, and when the cross section of the refractory is observed, 100 or more pores of 0.05 μm to 25 μm are present in the range of 100X 100. Mu.m.

Description

Refractory material
Technical Field
The present application claims priority based on japanese patent application No. 2020-150060, filed on 9/7/2020. The entire contents of this application are incorporated by reference into this specification. The present specification discloses a technique related to a refractory material. In particular, a technique related to a Si — SiC refractory containing metal Si between SiC particles is disclosed.
Background
Jp 2004-18332 a (hereinafter, referred to as patent document 1) discloses a technique relating to an Si — SiC refractory (silicon/silicon carbide composite). The refractory of patent document 1 is composed of SiC particles having an average particle diameter of 0.01 to 2 μm, siC particles having an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 10 μm, and metal Si dispersed among the SiC particles.
Disclosure of Invention
In the Si — SiC material (Si-impregnated SiC), metal Si is dispersed among SiC particles as an aggregate, and the properties such as toughness and mechanical strength of the refractory material are improved. However, further improvement in properties is required in order to realize a thinner refractory or higher durability (longer life). The purpose of the present specification is to provide a high-strength refractory material in addition to an Si — SiC refractory material.
The refractory disclosed in the present specification may be a Si — SiC material in which SiC particles are mainly used as an aggregate and metal Si is contained between the SiC particles. The SiC particles as the aggregate have an average particle diameter of 10 μm or less, and when the cross section of the refractory is observed, 100 or more pores of 0.05 μm to 25 μm are present in the range of 100. Mu. M.times.100. Mu.m. The refractory can be formed into a drum, a setter plate for firing, and a cross member for a heating furnace.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows an example of the refractory (roll).
Fig. 2 shows an example of the refractory (setter plate for firing).
Fig. 3 shows an example of the refractory (beam for heating furnace), (a) shows an external appearance of the beam for heating furnace, and (b) shows a cross section of the beam for heating furnace.
FIG. 4 shows the results of the examples.
Detailed Description
The refractory disclosed in the present specification can be used as a component of a heating furnace or a component used in a heating furnace. Specifically, the present invention can be used as a wall material of a heating furnace, a beam (beam), a drum of a continuous heating furnace, a burning receiving plate for placing a burned object (object to be heated), and the like.
The refractory may be a Si — SiC refractory mainly composed of SiC particles as an aggregate and containing metal Si between the SiC particles. By using SiC particles having excellent heat resistance as the aggregate main body, the heat resistance of the refractory can be improved. Note that "SiC particles are mainly used as an aggregate" means: the proportion of the SiC particles in the total mass of the aggregate is 50 mass% or more. That is, the aggregate constituting the refractory may contain particles other than SiC particles. The proportion of SiC particles in the aggregate may be 60 mass% or more, or 70 mass% or more, or 80 mass% or more, or 90 mass% or more, or 95 mass% or more. The refractory may contain, for example, B as an aggregate in addition to SiC particles 4 C particles and C particles.
The average particle diameter of the SiC particles may be 15 μm or less. This makes the structure (texture) of the refractory material dense, and improves the mechanical strength of the refractory material. The average particle diameter of the aggregate (SiC particle) may be 10 μm or less, 7 μm or less, 5 μm or less, 3 μm or less, and 1 μm or less. The minimum particle size of the aggregate may be 0.05 μm or more. Aggregate (particle) agglomeration can be suppressed in the production of a refractory. The maximum particle diameter of the aggregate may be 15 μm or less. The aggregate itself is suppressed from becoming a defect in the structure of the refractory, and the reduction in the mechanical strength of the refractory can be suppressed. The particle diameter (average particle diameter, minimum particle diameter, maximum particle diameter) of the SiC particles can be confirmed by cross-sectional observation of the refractory using a scanning microscope (SEM) or the like.
The refractory may have 100 or more pores of 0.05 to 25 μm in a cross section of 100. Mu. M.times.100. Mu.m. In other words, small-sized pores (pores of 0.05 μm to 25 μm) can be dispersed in the refractory. The presence of large-sized pores (for example, pores exceeding 50 μm) inside the refractory can be suppressed, and the mechanical strength of the refractory can be improved. That is, the mechanical strength of the refractory is improved by suppressing the presence of large-sized pores, which may become the starting points of destruction, inside the refractory. Similarly to the particle size of the aggregate, the size of the pores can be confirmed by observing the cross section of the refractory with a scanning microscope or the like. Specifically, the size of the pores can be confirmed by observing the cross section of the refractory material in the range of 100 × 100 μm and measuring the maximum diameter of the pores appearing in this range.
The porosity (apparent porosity) of the refractory may be 1% or less. This improves the mechanical strength of the refractory. The porosity (apparent porosity) of the refractory may be 0.8% or less, 0.6% or less, or 0.5% or less. The porosity of the refractory can be measured according to JIS R2205-1992.
As described above, the refractory disclosed in the present specification contains metal Si between SiC particles. The proportion of the metal Si in the refractory may be 20 mass% or more and 60 mass% or less. If the ratio of metal Si in the refractory is 60 mass% or less, the occurrence of internal cracks can be suppressed in the production process (mainly, firing process) of the refractory. The content of the metal Si in the refractory may be 55 mass% or less, 50 mass% or less, 45 mass% or less, 40 mass% or less, or 35 mass% or less. Further, if the ratio of the metal Si in the refractory is 20 mass% or more, the metal Si can sufficiently fill the gaps between the SiC particles (increase in apparent porosity is suppressed). The ratio of the metal Si in the refractory may be 30 mass% or more, or 40 mass% or more.
Fig. 1 shows a drum 10 used in a heating furnace (not shown). The drum 10 is cylindrical and has a through hole 12, and is made of Si — SiC. The drum 10 is an example of a refractory material. The drum 10 is made of SiC particles having a particle diameter of 0.4 to 15 μm and an average particle diameter of 30 μm as an aggregate. Further, metal Si exists between SiC particles. An SEM image of a cross section of the central portion of the drum 10 was obtained, and the shape of the aggregate present in the range of 100 μm × 100 μm in the image was measured to calculate the particle size of the aggregate (SiC particles). Further, the obtained SEM images were subjected to elemental analysis using EDS, thereby identifying aggregates (SiC particles) and substances between aggregates (metal Si).
In the range of 100. Mu. M.times.100. Mu.m in the obtained SEM image, 722 pores of 0.05 μm to 25 μm were observed, and pores exceeding 15 μm were not observed. The porosity (apparent porosity) of the drum 10 was 0.5%. The drum 10 was subjected to a bending strength test in accordance with JIS R1601-2008, and as a result, 448MPa. The drum 10 is manufactured by an extrusion molding method. The extrusion molding method is well known, and therefore, the description thereof will be omitted.
Fig. 2 shows a setter 14 used in a heating furnace (not shown). The setter plate 14 has the same characteristics as the drum 10. The setter plate 14 may be manufactured by a pressing method.
Fig. 3 shows a cross member 16 constituting a heating furnace (not shown). As shown in (a) and (b), the beam 16 is cylindrical and solid. The cross member 16 may be fabricated by extrusion molding.
Examples
Refractory materials (samples 1 to 9) having different particle diameters (average particle diameters) of aggregates (SiC particles) were prepared, and the flexural strength was measured. Fig. 4 shows the particle size of the aggregate used in the production of each sample. As a specific method for producing a refractory, first, a cylindrical (roll-shaped) molded article having an outer diameter of 38mm, an inner diameter of 25mm and a length of 1000mm was produced using an extrusion molding machine using the aggregate shown in FIG. 4, and the molded article was dried at 100 ℃ under an atmospheric atmosphere for 24 hours or more. Then, the metal Si was impregnated with the solution, and then the resultant was fired at 1600 ℃ in an inert gas (Ar) atmosphere to obtain a Si — SiC cylindrical refractory.
The bending strength of the obtained samples 1 to 9 was measured. The flexural strength was measured in accordance with JIS R1601-2008. Fig. 4 shows the measurement results of the bending strength. In addition to the measurement results of the flexural strength, fig. 4 shows that "excellent" is marked for the sample having a flexural strength of 350MPa or more, "good" is marked for the sample having a flexural strength of 300MPa or more and less than 350MPa, "long" is marked for the sample having a flexural strength of 200MPa or more and less than 300MPa, and "×" is marked for the sample having a flexural strength of less than 200 MPa. "very good" and "o" are acceptable levels. In addition to the evaluation of the flexural strength, samples 1 to 9 were also evaluated for the number of pores, porosity, moldability, and shape retention in the observation of the particle size (average particle size, minimum particle size, maximum particle size) of the SiC particles and the cross section in the range of 100 μm × 100 μm.
Regarding the particle diameter (average particle diameter, minimum particle diameter, maximum particle diameter) of the SiC particles, SEM observation was performed on the cross section of the refractory, and all the SiC particles appearing in the range of 100 μm × 100 μm were measured to calculate the particle diameter of the SiC particles. The number of pores was counted by observing the cross section of the refractory material by SEM observation and observing pores (pores of 0.05 to 25 μm) within a range of 100 μm × 100 μm with the naked eye. The porosity (apparent porosity) was measured in accordance with JIS R2205-1992. Incidentally, SEM observation of the cross section was performed using TM4000 manufactured by Hitachi high tech Co., ltd. The results of the porosity number and porosity are shown in fig. 4.
Regarding moldability, a sample after extrusion molding was visually observed, and a sample in which no abnormality was observed was evaluated as "excellent", a sample in which deformation was observed as "good", a sample in which deformation and cracking were observed as "delta", and a sample in which breakage occurred frequently during extrusion and could not be molded were evaluated as "x".
Regarding the shape retention, the samples after extrusion molding were visually observed, and the samples within the range of the design tolerance were evaluated as "excellent", the samples having a deviation of less than 2mm from the design tolerance were evaluated as "o", the samples having a deviation of more than 2mm from the design tolerance were evaluated as "Δ", and the samples having substantially no measurement (shape not maintained) were evaluated as "x".
As shown in fig. 4, it was confirmed that the samples (samples 1 to 6) in which the number of pores having an average particle size of SiC particles of 15 μm or less and 0.05 μm to 25 μm were 100 or more had good strength (300 MPa or more). It was also confirmed that samples (samples 1 to 5) having a maximum grain size of SiC particles of 30 μm or less exhibited particularly good strength (350 MPa or more). Further, it was confirmed that the samples (samples 1 to 3) having the maximum grain size of SiC particles of 15 μm or less exhibited excellent strength (400 MPa or more). The samples (samples 1 to 6) which exhibited satisfactory strength all had a minimum particle diameter of 0.05 μm or more and an apparent porosity of 1% or less. In addition, the formability and shape retention property were confirmed to be good in all of the samples 1 to 6 as compared with the samples 7 to 9.
As described above, it was confirmed that the refractory of samples 1 to 3 had very high strength. When samples 1 to 3 are compared with samples 4 to 6, samples 1 to 3 are characterized by an apparent porosity of 0.5% or less. From this result, it was confirmed that: by setting the apparent porosity of the refractory to 0.5% or less, the strength of the refractory can be further improved.
In the above-described embodiments, examples of the drum, setter, and cross member using the refractory are shown, but the refractory disclosed in the present specification may be used as a component (product) other than the above-described embodiments if it is a component used in a high-temperature environment. In addition, in the above embodiment, the example of the beam having the cylindrical shape is shown, however, the beam may have a prismatic shape.
Specific examples of the present invention have been described above in detail, but these are merely examples and do not limit the claims. The techniques described in the claims include modifications and variations of the specific examples described above. The technical elements described in the specification and drawings exhibit technical usefulness alone or in various combinations, and are not limited to the combinations described in the claims at the time of filing. In addition, the techniques illustrated in the present specification or the drawings can achieve a plurality of objects at the same time, and achieving one of the objects has technical usefulness by itself.
Description of the symbols
10: roller cylinder
14: burning bearing plate for burning
16: cross beam for heating furnace

Claims (8)

1. A refractory material of Si-SiC type mainly comprising SiC particles as an aggregate and containing metallic Si among the SiC particles,
the refractory material is characterized in that it is,
the SiC particles have an average particle diameter of 15 μm or less,
when the cross section is observed, 100 or more pores of 0.05 to 25 μm exist in the range of 100. Mu. M.times.100. Mu.m.
2. The refractory according to claim 1,
the SiC particles have a maximum particle diameter of 30 [ mu ] m or less in the range of 100 [ mu ] m × 100 [ mu ] m.
3. The refractory according to claim 1 or 2,
the minimum particle diameter of the SiC particles in the range of 100 [ mu ] m x 100 [ mu ] m is 0.05 [ mu ] m or more.
4. The refractory according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the apparent porosity of the refractory is 1% or less.
5. The refractory according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
the ratio of the metal Si is 20 to 60 mass%.
6. A drum formed of the refractory material of any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. A setter plate for firing, which is formed of the refractory according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
8. A cross member for a heating furnace, which is formed of the refractory material according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
CN202180004708.2A 2020-09-07 2021-04-02 Refractory material Pending CN115956064A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2020-150060 2020-09-07
JP2020150060 2020-09-07
PCT/JP2021/014378 WO2022049818A1 (en) 2020-09-07 2021-04-02 Refractory material

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115956064A true CN115956064A (en) 2023-04-11

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JP (1) JP7167367B2 (en)
KR (1) KR20220033050A (en)
CN (1) CN115956064A (en)
TW (1) TWI821649B (en)
WO (1) WO2022049818A1 (en)

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