CN115777704B - Drought-resistant seed coating agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Drought-resistant seed coating agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drought-resistant seed coating agent and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of plant local preservation. The coating agent consists of a composite water-retaining agent component, an insecticide, a bactericide and a plant growth regulator, wherein the mass ratio is 85-115:1.8-2.2:0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2. The coating agent has strong water retention capacity, can still keep high imbibition rate at low temperature, and has imbibition rate of 83.5-84.6 at 10 ℃, 85.3-85.6 at 15 ℃ and 87.2-87.8 at 20 ℃.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a drought-resistant seed coating agent and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of plant local preservation.
Background
The seed coating agent is a high and new technology for promoting agricultural yield and harvest in the middle 80 th century, can absorb water quickly to expand after being sown by the seed coated by the seed coating agent, slowly releases various active ingredients contained in the seed coating agent along with the gradual development of embryo in the seed and the continuous growth of seedling, and is gradually absorbed into the body by the seed seedling, thereby achieving the purposes of preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests in the seedling stage, promoting the growth and development and improving the crop yield, and has been listed as an agricultural technology item which is promoted in China.
The seed coating agent is composed of trace elements, plant growth regulators, pesticides, bactericides and the like, and can be used for drought caused by soil drought or weather disasters in a sowing season, a super absorbent material is also added to serve as a drought-resistant water-retaining agent, the emergence rate and the survival rate of crops under drought conditions are improved, the water-retaining agent is generally a high polymer serving as a main water-retaining component, water can be stored through the swelling effect of the water-retaining agent, the soil water loss is effectively reduced, water required by the growth of crops is further provided, and a large amount of bentonite, talcum powder and the like are also added to serve as auxiliary materials, so that the water-retaining and drought-resistant effects are further improved.
CN102440246a discloses a double drought-resistant seed coating agent, which mainly comprises high molecular polymers, bentonite and talcum powder, and can improve the germination rate and germination index of seeds under drought stress, but as the expansion effect of sodium bentonite is affected by temperature, the higher the temperature is, the stronger the expansion force is, the seed coating agent of the invention has better water retention effect in the environment with higher temperature, the germination rate of crops is higher, the characters of plants and fruits are better, but in the environment with low temperature and drought, the water retention effect is poor, the germination rate of crops is lower, and the characters of plants and fruits are also worse.
In summary, the drought seed coating agent in the prior art uses high molecular polymers, bentonite and talcum powder to cooperatively resist drought and retain water, but has poor water retaining effect, low germination rate of crops and poor properties of plants and fruits in low-temperature and drought environments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and further prepares the coating agent by preparing the composite water-retaining agent component, so that the water-retaining effect of the coating agent in a low-temperature drought environment is improved, and the germination rate of crops is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a drought-resistant seed coating agent consists of a composite water-retaining agent component, an insecticide, a bactericide and a plant growth regulator, wherein the mass ratio is 85-115:1.8-2.2:0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2.
The following is a further improvement of the above technical scheme:
the preparation method of the composite water-retaining agent component comprises the steps of preparing acid anhydride treated bentonite, blending and amino silicone oil treatment;
the method for preparing the acid anhydride treated bentonite comprises the steps of mixing bentonite with brine, rapidly stirring to uniformly disperse the bentonite to obtain bentonite dispersion, adding 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane into the bentonite dispersion, stirring for 46-51min, then adjusting pH to 6.4-6.6, adding 1-propylphosphoric anhydride, stirring for 72-80min, washing, drying and grinding after stirring to obtain the acid anhydride treated bentonite;
the mass ratio of the bentonite to the brine is 5:11-13;
the concentration of calcium ions in the brine is 0.45-0.55g/L, and the source of the calcium ions is calcium chloride;
the mass ratio of the bentonite dispersion liquid to the 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane to the 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride is 180-220:4.5-5.5:2.5-3.5.
The blending method comprises the steps of mixing polyvinyl alcohol solid, bentonite treated by anhydride, talcum powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose sodium and titanium dioxide powder, crushing and grinding the mixture until the mixture passes through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder;
the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol solid to the acid anhydride treated bentonite to the talcum powder to the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose sodium to the titanium dioxide powder is 4.5-5.5:80-120:55-65:11-13:0.8-1.2.
The amino silicone oil treatment method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing mixed powder and stannous sulfate, then mixing the mixed powder and the amino silicone oil heated to 53-57 ℃, keeping the temperature unchanged after mixing, stirring for 3.5-4.5 hours, washing, drying and grinding after stirring to obtain a composite water-retaining agent component;
the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the stannous sulfate to the amino silicone oil is 450-550:0.8-1.2:23-27.
In the step of preparing the anhydride treated bentonite, the bentonite is sodium bentonite.
In the step of preparing the acid anhydride treated bentonite, washing, drying and grinding are carried out by washing with cold water at 4-6 ℃, drying at low temperature of 19-21 ℃ and grinding until all the bentonite passes through a 100-mesh sieve.
In the amino silicone oil treatment step, the ammonia value of the amino silicone oil is 0.24-0.26.
In the amino silicone oil treatment step, the method of washing, drying and grinding is that cold water with the temperature of 4-6 ℃ is used for washing, the amino silicone oil is dried at the low temperature of 19-21 ℃, and then the amino silicone oil is ground until all the amino silicone oil passes through a 100-mesh sieve.
The preparation method of the coating agent comprises the steps of mixing the components of the composite water-retaining agent, the pesticide, the bactericide, the plant growth regulator and the trace elements, uniformly mixing, and grinding until all the components pass through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the coating agent.
The pesticide is a composition of imidacloprid and fenvalerate, and the mass ratio is 4-6:1;
the bactericide is carbendazim;
the plant growth regulator is uniconazole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the coating agent has strong water retention capacity, can still keep high imbibition rate at low temperature, and has imbibition rate of 83.5-84.6 at 10 ℃, 85.3-85.6 at 15 ℃ and 87.2-87.8 at 20 ℃;
the coating agent can improve the germination rate of seeds and the seedling rate, test the germination rate of the coated corn seeds according to the method of GB/T15671-2009, and count the seedling rate (total number of survival seedlings/total number of germination) after emergence, wherein the germination rate is 92-93%, and the seedling rate is 95.8-96.8%;
the coating agent can improve the crop properties, the coated corn seeds are planted, the empty stalk rate of corn in the growth period is 2.6-2.8%, the incidence rate of root rot is 3.0-3.4%, the thousand grain weight of the harvested corn is 362-366g, and the mu yield is 1122-1138kg.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Preparation of the composite Water-retaining agent component
a. Preparation of anhydride treated bentonite
Mixing bentonite with brine, rapidly stirring to uniformly disperse the bentonite to obtain bentonite dispersion, adding 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane into the bentonite dispersion, stirring for 48min, then adjusting the pH to 6.5, adding 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride, stirring for 75min, washing with cold water at 5 ℃, drying at low temperature of 20 ℃, and grinding to pass through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain acid anhydride treated bentonite;
the mass ratio of the bentonite to the brine is 5:12;
the bentonite is sodium bentonite;
the concentration of calcium ions in the brine is 0.5g/L, and the source of the calcium ions is calcium chloride;
the mass ratio of the bentonite dispersion liquid to the 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane to the 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride is 200:5:3.
b. Blending
Mixing polyvinyl alcohol solid, bentonite treated by anhydride, talcum powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose sodium and titanium dioxide powder, crushing and grinding until all the materials pass through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder;
the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol solid to the acid anhydride treated bentonite to the talcum powder to the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose sodium to the titanium dioxide powder is 5:100:60:12:1.
c. Amino silicone oil treatment
Uniformly mixing the mixed powder and stannous sulfate, then mixing the mixed powder and amino silicone oil heated to 55 ℃, keeping the temperature unchanged after mixing, stirring for 4 hours, washing with cold water at 5 ℃ after stirring, drying at a low temperature of 20 ℃, and grinding until all the mixture passes through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a composite water-retaining agent component;
the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the stannous sulfate to the amino silicone oil is 500:1:25;
the amino silicone oil has an ammonia value of 0.25.
(2) Preparation of the coating agent
Mixing the components of the composite water-retaining agent, the pesticide, the bactericide, the plant growth regulator and the trace elements, uniformly mixing and grinding until all the components pass through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a coating agent;
the mass ratio of the components of the composite water-retaining agent to the components of the pesticide to the components of the bactericide to the plant growth regulator is 100:2:1:1;
the pesticide is a composition of imidacloprid and fenvalerate, and the mass ratio is 5:1;
the bactericide is carbendazim;
the plant growth regulator is uniconazole.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of the composite Water-retaining agent component
a. Preparation of anhydride treated bentonite
Mixing bentonite with brine, rapidly stirring to uniformly disperse the bentonite to obtain bentonite dispersion, adding 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane into the bentonite dispersion, stirring for 46min, then adjusting the pH to 6.4, adding 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride, stirring for 80min, washing with cold water at 4 ℃, drying at 19 ℃, and grinding until all the bentonite passes through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain acid anhydride treated bentonite;
the mass ratio of the bentonite to the brine is 5:11;
the bentonite is sodium bentonite;
the concentration of calcium ions in the brine is 0.45g/L, and the source of the calcium ions is calcium chloride;
the mass ratio of the bentonite dispersion liquid, the 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and the 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride is 180:4.5:2.5.
b. Blending
Mixing polyvinyl alcohol solid, bentonite treated by anhydride, talcum powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose sodium and titanium dioxide powder, crushing and grinding until all the materials pass through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder;
the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol solid to the anhydride treated bentonite to the talcum powder to the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose sodium to the titanium dioxide powder is 4.5:80:55:11:0.8.
c. Amino silicone oil treatment
Uniformly mixing the mixed powder and stannous sulfate, then mixing the mixed powder and amino silicone oil heated to 53 ℃, keeping the temperature unchanged after mixing, stirring for 4.5 hours, washing with cold water at 4 ℃ after stirring, drying at a low temperature of 19 ℃, and grinding until all the mixture passes through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a composite water-retaining agent component;
the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the stannous sulfate to the amino silicone oil is 450:0.8:23;
the amino silicone oil has an ammonia value of 0.24.
(2) Preparation of the coating agent
Mixing the components of the composite water-retaining agent, the pesticide, the bactericide, the plant growth regulator and the trace elements, uniformly mixing and grinding until all the components pass through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a coating agent;
the mass ratio of the components of the composite water-retaining agent to the components of the pesticide to the components of the bactericide to the plant growth regulator is 85:1.8:0.8:0.8;
the pesticide is a composition of imidacloprid and fenvalerate, and the mass ratio is 4:1;
the bactericide is carbendazim;
the plant growth regulator is uniconazole.
Example 3
(1) Preparation of the composite Water-retaining agent component
a. Preparation of anhydride treated bentonite
Mixing bentonite with brine, rapidly stirring to uniformly disperse the bentonite to obtain bentonite dispersion, adding 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane into the bentonite dispersion, stirring for 51min, then adjusting the pH to 6.6, adding 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride, stirring for 72min, washing with cold water at 6 ℃, drying at 21 ℃, and grinding to pass through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain acid anhydride treated bentonite;
the mass ratio of the bentonite to the brine is 5:13;
the bentonite is sodium bentonite;
the concentration of calcium ions in the brine is 0.55g/L, and the source of the calcium ions is calcium chloride;
the mass ratio of the bentonite dispersion liquid to the 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane to the 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride is 220:5.5:3.5.
b. Blending
Mixing polyvinyl alcohol solid, bentonite treated by anhydride, talcum powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose sodium and titanium dioxide powder, crushing and grinding until all the materials pass through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder;
the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol solid to the anhydride treated bentonite to the talcum powder to the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose sodium to the titanium dioxide powder is 5.5:120:65:13:1.2.
c. Amino silicone oil treatment
Uniformly mixing the mixed powder and stannous sulfate, then mixing the mixed powder and amino silicone oil heated to 57 ℃, keeping the temperature unchanged after mixing, stirring for 3.5 hours, washing with cold water at 6 ℃ after stirring, drying at a low temperature of 21 ℃, and grinding until all the mixture passes through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a composite water-retaining agent component;
the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the stannous sulfate to the amino silicone oil is 550:1.2:27;
the amino silicone oil has an ammonia value of 0.26.
(2) Preparation of the coating agent
Mixing the components of the composite water-retaining agent, the pesticide, the bactericide, the plant growth regulator and the trace elements, uniformly mixing and grinding until all the components pass through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a coating agent;
the mass ratio of the components of the composite water-retaining agent to the components of the pesticide to the components of the bactericide to the plant growth regulator is 115:2.2:1.2:1.2;
the pesticide is a composition of imidacloprid and fenvalerate, and the mass ratio is 6:1;
the bactericide is carbendazim;
the plant growth regulator is uniconazole.
Comparative example 1
Unlike example 1, in the step of preparing the composite water-retaining agent component, the step of preparing the acid anhydride-treated bentonite was omitted, and the untreated sodium bentonite was directly blended, and the remaining steps were the same, to prepare the coating agent.
Comparative example 2
Unlike example 1, in the step of preparing the composite water-retaining agent component, the amino silicone oil treatment step was omitted, and the mixed powder obtained after blending was directly subjected to the step of preparing the coating agent, and the remaining steps were the same, to prepare the coating agent.
Example 4 Water retention Capacity test
The coating agents of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were subjected to a water absorption rate test, 0.5g of the coating agent was weighed and placed in a beaker, 2000ml of distilled water was added, and after standing for 24 hours, the coating agent was filtered with gauze (250 mesh) and left standing for about 30 minutes, the coating agent mass after the gel was weighed, and the water absorption rate q= (m-m) was calculated 0 )/m 0 Wherein: m is m 0 For the quality of the coating agent before water absorption, m is the gel quality of the coating agent after water absorption and gauze filtration, the liquid absorption rate of the coating agent at 10 ℃, 15 ℃ and 20 ℃ is respectively tested according to the method, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Example 5 seed germination test
The coating agents of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were coated in the following manner:
feeding corn seeds into a coating machine, coating by using a coating agent under the condition of spraying chitosan solution with the concentration of 3wt%, and drying by hot air at 30 ℃ for 60min after coating to obtain coated corn seeds;
the mass ratio of the corn seeds to the chitosan solution to the coating agent is 100:25:250;
the germination rate of the corn seeds is 85%;
the coated corn seeds were tested for seed germination according to the method of GB/T15671-2009 and the rate of seedling formation (total number of surviving seedlings/total number of sprouting) after emergence was counted, and the results are shown in table 2.
Example 6 crop trait testing
The coating agents of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were coated in the following manner:
feeding corn seeds into a coating machine, coating by using a coating agent under the condition of spraying chitosan solution with the concentration of 3wt%, and drying by hot air at 30 ℃ for 60min after coating to obtain coated corn seeds;
the mass ratio of the corn seeds to the chitosan solution to the coating agent is 100:25:250;
the coated corn seeds are planted, the planting variety is sea 605, the planting density is 4500 plants/mu, the planting method is managed according to common production, after harvesting, the empty stalk rate and root rot incidence rate of the corn in the growth period are counted, and the thousand grain weight and mu yield after harvesting are counted, and the result is shown in Table 3.
Claims (3)
1. The drought-resistant seed coating agent is characterized by comprising a composite water-retaining agent component, an insecticide, a bactericide and a plant growth regulator, wherein the mass ratio is 85-115:1.8-2.2:0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2;
the preparation method of the composite water-retaining agent component comprises the steps of preparing acid anhydride treated bentonite, blending and amino silicone oil treatment;
the method for preparing the acid anhydride treated bentonite comprises the steps of mixing bentonite with brine, rapidly stirring to uniformly disperse the bentonite to obtain bentonite dispersion, adding 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane into the bentonite dispersion, stirring for 46-51min, then adjusting pH to 6.4-6.6, adding 1-propylphosphoric anhydride, stirring for 72-80min, washing, drying and grinding after stirring to obtain the acid anhydride treated bentonite;
in the step of preparing the anhydride treated bentonite, the bentonite is sodium bentonite; the mass ratio of the bentonite to the brine is 5:11-13;
the concentration of calcium ions in the brine is 0.45-0.55g/L, and the source of the calcium ions is calcium chloride;
the mass ratio of the bentonite dispersion liquid to the 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane to the 1-propyl phosphoric anhydride is 180-220:4.5-5.5:2.5-3.5;
the blending method comprises the steps of mixing polyvinyl alcohol solid, bentonite treated by anhydride, talcum powder, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose sodium and titanium dioxide powder, crushing and grinding the mixture until the mixture passes through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder;
the mass ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol solid to the acid anhydride treated bentonite to the talcum powder to the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose sodium to the titanium dioxide powder is 4.5-5.5:80-120:55-65:11-13:0.8-1.2;
the amino silicone oil treatment method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing mixed powder and stannous sulfate, then mixing the mixed powder and the amino silicone oil heated to 53-57 ℃, keeping the temperature unchanged after mixing, stirring for 3.5-4.5 hours, washing, drying and grinding after stirring to obtain a composite water-retaining agent component;
in the step of treating the amino silicone oil, the ammonia value of the amino silicone oil is 0.24-0.26;
the mass ratio of the mixed powder to the stannous sulfate to the amino silicone oil is 450-550:0.8-1.2:23-27.
2. The drought-resistant seed coating agent according to claim 1, wherein,
in the step of preparing the acid anhydride treated bentonite, washing, drying and grinding are carried out by washing with cold water at 4-6 ℃, drying at low temperature of 19-21 ℃ and grinding until all the bentonite passes through a 100-mesh sieve.
3. The drought-resistant seed coating agent according to claim 1, wherein,
in the amino silicone oil treatment step, the method of washing, drying and grinding is that cold water with the temperature of 4-6 ℃ is used for washing, the amino silicone oil is dried at the low temperature of 19-21 ℃, and then the amino silicone oil is ground until all the amino silicone oil passes through a 100-mesh sieve.
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| CN1537425A (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2004-10-20 | 合肥新峰建材有限责任公司 | Drought-resistant coating agent for pelletization of rapeseeds and its prodn. process |
| CN1669424A (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-09-21 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Drought resisting water-loss reducing seed capsule agent and uses thereof |
| CN115380912A (en) * | 2022-09-24 | 2022-11-25 | 唐山曹妃甸德茵达新材料科技有限公司 | Drought-resistant seed coating agent and preparation method thereof |
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| TW241194B (en) * | 1991-12-27 | 1995-02-21 | Takeda Pharm Industry Co Ltd | |
| CN103113763B (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2014-08-20 | 南京大学南通材料工程技术研究院 | Method for modifying clay by using organic silicon micro-emulsion |
| CN105885565A (en) * | 2016-04-27 | 2016-08-24 | 谭钰良 | Bentonite waterproof coating |
| CN107011059A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-08-04 | 黄勇 | A kind of tomato Special slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN107235814A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-10-10 | 合肥百绿盛农业科技有限公司 | It is a kind of for slow-release fertilizer of planting fruit trees and preparation method thereof |
| CN108641122B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-03-29 | 西北师范大学 | A kind of palygorskite Quito functional polymer material auxiliary agent and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1537425A (en) * | 2003-04-16 | 2004-10-20 | 合肥新峰建材有限责任公司 | Drought-resistant coating agent for pelletization of rapeseeds and its prodn. process |
| CN1669424A (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2005-09-21 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 | Drought resisting water-loss reducing seed capsule agent and uses thereof |
| CN115380912A (en) * | 2022-09-24 | 2022-11-25 | 唐山曹妃甸德茵达新材料科技有限公司 | Drought-resistant seed coating agent and preparation method thereof |
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