CN110278790B - Rapid seedling method for sophora japonica - Google Patents
Rapid seedling method for sophora japonica Download PDFInfo
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- CN110278790B CN110278790B CN201910696474.7A CN201910696474A CN110278790B CN 110278790 B CN110278790 B CN 110278790B CN 201910696474 A CN201910696474 A CN 201910696474A CN 110278790 B CN110278790 B CN 110278790B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for quickly forming a seedling of sophora japonica, which belongs to the technical field of plant planting and comprises five procedures of preparation in the early stage of seeding, stock culture, grafting, management after grafting and transplanting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant planting, and particularly relates to a method for quickly forming seedlings of sophora japonica.
Background
Sophora japonica (Sophora japonica L) is a new excellent variety bred from ordinary Sophora japonica and is named as Sophora japonica because the color of the Sophora japonica is golden yellow. The native country has cultivation all over the country, and the Guangxi, Hunan, Yunnan and other places have wide cultivation, wherein the Guangxi whole state has the largest planting area and is judged as the country of the golden pagodatree by the China economic forest Association. The sophora flower bud is a dry flower bud of sophora flower, is bitter in taste and slightly cold in nature, has the effects of cooling blood and stopping bleeding, clearing liver and purging fire and the like, and has obvious curative effects on symptoms such as blood heat bleeding, liver heat and conjunctival congestion, headache and dizziness and the like. The flos Sophorae Immaturus contains rutin, quercetin, genistein, etc., wherein the content of rutin is up to 25-38%. The sophora flower bud is called as a natural coloring agent, has obvious and durable coloring effect, can be used for coloring silk fabrics, cotton and hemp and the like and also can be used for food processing, and researches in recent years show that the sophora flower bud also has strong ultraviolet absorption, antibacterial and antioxidant effects and wide market demands. The golden locust is an important economic forest and Chinese medicinal tree species which are integrated with material use, medicinal use and appreciation, and is widely cultivated in China due to the characteristics of strong adaptability, high rutin content, high yield and the like. The seedling raising of the golden pagoda tree adopts grafting propagation and propagation, the seedling raising is carried out in all places, but the seedling raising technology is uneven, the seedling quality is not good, and the standardized planting popularization of the golden pagoda tree is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for rapidly growing robinia pseudoacacia seedlings.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
1. a method for quickly forming seedlings of sophora japonica comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation in early stage of sowing
A. Selecting land;
B. land preparation: deep ploughing in autumn without harrowing, fertilizing next spring, shallow ploughing and harrowing immediately;
C. ridging: ridging after spring beginning;
D. soil disinfection: disinfecting the soil on the ridge surface;
E. seed pretreatment: disinfecting the sophora japonica seeds and preparing a coating on the surfaces of the sophora japonica seeds;
(2) stock culture
A. Sowing: from 5-10kg/667m in the last 3 th to the middle of the last 4 th month2Drilling the seeds according to the seeding rate;
B. irrigation: spraying water to the surface of the ridge to moisten the surface of the ridge according to soil moisture and weather conditions in the seedling emergence period; irrigating until the soil is wet in the initial growth stage; the water supply is ensured according to the soil moisture content and the weather condition in the fast growing period, water is timely irrigated after thinning or topdressing, the water is evenly irrigated thoroughly, and the soil soaking depth reaches a main root distribution layer; stopping irrigation at the later growth stage;
C. draining: the internal water is not accumulated, and the external water is not flooded;
D. fertilizing: root of fast growing periodTopdressing is carried out at proper time according to growth conditions, nitrogen fertilizer application is mainly carried out, wherein the nitrogen fertilizer application is carried out every 10 days for 5 months, 6 months and 7 months, and the topdressing amount is 10-25kg/667m per time2(ii) a Stopping applying the nitrogen fertilizer in the later growth period, and applying the potassium fertilizer to the leaf surfaces of the early, late or cloudy days in the middle and late 8 months by leaf surface application;
E. thinning: thinning for the first time when the height of the seedling is 5-7cm, thinning for the second time when the height of the seedling is 10-15cm, and finally setting the plant spacing to be 40cm, wherein the number of the reserved seedlings reaches 1.2-1.3 times of the planned seedling yield;
F. topping and seedling strengthening: the height of the seedlings is 1.2-1.6m in 6-7 months, pinching and topping are carried out, and the growth of the trunk are promoted; in the middle and last ten days of 7 months, the main root is cut off, and the solution formed by mixing ABT rooting powder, algin and water according to the mass-volume ratio of 1:1:4 is used for root irrigation to promote lateral root germination; the unit of the mass-volume ratio is g: g: L;
G. loosening the soil;
H. weeding;
I. pest control;
(3) grafting
A. Ear picking: collecting annual branches of sophora japonica before seedling germination in spring;
B. preparing ears: preparing the collected annual golden locust branches into scions, and carrying out wax sealing treatment;
C. grafting: grafting the scion subjected to wax sealing treatment to a 1-year-old or Chinese scholar seedling with the ground diameter less than 2cm at the highest temperature of more than 20 ℃ in 3-4 months in the next year before seedling germination, and smearing a tissue culture solution on a grafting opening;
(4) post-inoculation management
A. Checking the survival rate and loosening the binder;
B. patch connection;
C. removing tillers and shearing anvils;
D. straightening;
E. trimming;
F. fertilizing;
G. loosening the soil;
H. weeding;
I. pest control;
(5) and (5) transplanting.
Preferably, in the step (1),
A. selecting land: selecting loam or sandy loam which has flat terrain, convenient irrigation, good drainage and rich organic matters;
B. land preparation: deep ploughing for 20-30cm in autumn, no harrowing after ploughing, and pressing for 2-3m in next spring3/667m2Applying organic fertilizer in the fertilizing amount, shallow ploughing for 15-20cm, and then raking;
C. ridging: leveling a seedling raising land after spring opening, then making ridges, ditching for 50cm wide, making the ridges 100cm wide, making the ridges 25-30cm high, setting irrigation ditches 15-20m long according to the actual size of a seeding area, wherein the irrigation ditches are also used as drainage ditches, and irrigating enough bottom water 3-5 days before making the ridges;
D. soil disinfection: adding zineb and phoxim into fine soil, mixing uniformly, scattering the mixed soil, and disinfecting the soil on the ridge surface, wherein the using amount of the zineb is 3g/m2The dosage of the phoxim is 2g/m2；
E. Seed pretreatment: pure and plump sophora japonica seeds are selected, and a coating is prepared on the surfaces of the sophora japonica seeds after disinfection treatment.
Preferably, in the step (1), the organic fertilizer applied in soil preparation is formed by mixing potassium fulvate, decomposed oil cakes and bran shells according to the mass ratio of 2:2: 5.
Preferably, in the step (1), the specific method for preparing the coating on the surface of the sophora japonica seed comprises the following steps: adding deltamethrin, phoxim, boric acid, super absorbent resin and flour into water according to the mass ratio of 1:3:5:13:1 to prepare paste, then putting the sophora japonica seeds into the paste, stirring, taking out and drying in the air.
Preferably, in the step (2), the step of sowing further comprises covering and sieving fine soil, covering soil with a thickness 1-2 times of the thickness of the sophora japonica seeds, and pressing after covering soil.
Preferably, in the step (2), during the fertilization, the nitrogen content of the nitrogen fertilizer is more than 45%, and the potassium fertilizer is a potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution with the mass fraction of 0.3-0.5%.
Preferably, in the step (2), the loose soil is specifically: the first time of loosening the soil is 1-2cm in depth, and then the soil is gradually deepened to 2-4 cm; the weeding principle is that 'early removal, small removal and except' is adopted, and seedling carrying or root injury is avoided.
Preferably, in the step (3),
A. ear picking: collecting annual branches of the golden pagoda tree which is pure in variety, free of diseases and insect pests and strong in growth before the seedling sprouts in spring;
B. preparing ears: preparing the collected annual golden locust branches into scions with the length of 40-60cm and the thickness of 0.4-0.6cm, and carrying out wax sealing treatment;
C. grafting: grafting the scion subjected to wax sealing treatment to a 1-year-old or Chinese scholar seedling with the ground diameter less than 2cm at the highest temperature of more than 20 ℃ in 3-4 months in the next year before seedling germination, and smearing a tissue culture solution on a grafting opening; the tissue culture solution is prepared by adding 6-benzylaminopurine, naphthylacetic acid, gibberellin and cane sugar into water according to the mass ratio of 15:5:8:3 and mixing.
Preferably, in the step (4),
A. checking survival rate and loosening and binding objects: checking the survival rate 20-30 days after grafting, and timely removing the binder;
B. supplementing and connecting: after new branches sprout on the stocks with survived scions, the stocks are subjected to additional grafting by a bud grafting method in summer and autumn;
C. and (3) tiller removal and anvil shearing: timely removing the sprout tillers of the stock after grafting survival, supplementing the survived sprout-grafted seedlings, and timely shearing the stock;
D. straightening: when the grafted seedling grows a new shoot, a support column is erected or earthed up to prevent the seedling from bending or wind breaking;
E. trimming: at the bottom of 4 months to the beginning of 5 months, topping and pinching when newly-germinated branches grow to 20-30cm, keeping the length of 10-15cm, promoting the secondary germination of the branches, and pinching in the middle and last ten days of 7 months for the second time to promote the branches to grow thick and strong;
F. fertilizing: topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is carried out every 10 days for 5 months, 6 months and 7 months, and the topdressing amount is 10-25kg/667m2(ii) a Stopping applying the nitrogen fertilizer at the beginning of 8 months, starting applying the potassium fertilizer every 15 days after 10 days until the leaf surfaces turn yellow by leaf surface application, and stopping applying the potassium fertilizer, wherein the potassium fertilizer is formed by adding monopotassium phosphate, algin and boron into water according to the mass ratio of 3:5:1 and mixing;
G. loosening the soil: the first time of loosening the soil is 1-2cm in depth, and then the soil is gradually deepened to 2-4 cm;
H. weeding: the principle of 'removing early, removing small and removing' is adopted to avoid carrying seedlings or injuring roots;
I. and (4) pest control.
Preferably, in the step (5), the transplanting is specifically: transplanting before spring beginning in the third year, and pruning the branches one week before transplanting, wherein the length of the branches is kept to be 15-25 cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the traditional seedling culture method, the method provided by the invention can shorten the seedling culture period of one year, and the cultured seedlings are thicker and have more branches, so that the seedlings can bloom in advance after transplantation and field planting, and the number of flowering branches is increased, thereby increasing the yield.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for quickly forming seedlings of sophora japonica comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation in early stage of sowing
A. Selecting land: selecting sandy loam which has flat terrain, convenient irrigation, good drainage and rich organic matters;
B. land preparation: deep ploughing for 30cm in autumn, no harrowing after ploughing, and pressing for 3m in next spring3/667m2Fertilizing ofApplying an organic fertilizer in a certain amount, performing shallow ploughing for 20cm, and then raking, wherein the organic fertilizer is prepared by mixing potassium fulvate, decomposed oil cakes and bran shells according to the mass ratio of 2:2: 5;
C. ridging: leveling a seedling raising land after spring opening, then making ridges, ditching for 50cm wide, ridge width of 100cm, ridge height of 25cm, ridge length of 10m, arranging irrigation ditches 20m, wherein the irrigation ditches are also used as drainage ditches, and irrigating enough bottom water 5 days before making the ridges;
D. soil disinfection: adding zineb and phoxim into fine soil, mixing, spreading soil, and sterilizing soil on ridge surface, wherein the amount of zineb is 3g/m2The dosage of phoxim is 2g/m2
E. Seed pretreatment: selecting pure and plump sophora japonica seeds, adding deltamethrin, phoxim, boric acid, super absorbent resin and flour into paste prepared by water according to the mass ratio of 1:3:5:13:1 after the sophora japonica seeds are subjected to disinfection treatment, stirring, taking out and drying to obtain sophora japonica seeds with coatings on the surfaces;
(2) stock culture
A. Sowing: 8kg/667m in the middle of 3 Yuehai to 4 Yuehai2The seeding rate is used for drilling, then fine soil is sieved, the thickness of the covering soil is 2 times of that of the coated sophora japonica seeds, and the covering soil is pressed;
B. irrigation: spraying water to the surface of the ridge to moisten the surface of the ridge according to soil moisture and weather conditions in the seedling emergence period; irrigating until the soil is wet in the initial growth stage; the water supply is ensured according to the soil moisture content and the weather condition in the fast growing period, water is timely irrigated after thinning or topdressing, the water is evenly irrigated thoroughly, and the soil soaking depth reaches a main root distribution layer; stopping irrigation at the later growth stage;
C. draining: the internal water is not accumulated, and the external water is not flooded;
D. fertilizing: timely topdressing according to growth conditions in the fast growth period, mainly applying urea with nitrogen content of more than 45%, wherein the urea is applied every 10 days for 5 months, 6 months and 7 months, and the topdressing amount is 20kg/667m2(ii) a Stopping applying the urea at the later growth stage, and applying a potassium fertilizer to the leaf surfaces of the early, late or cloudy days in the middle and late ten days of 8 months by applying the foliar fertilizer, wherein the potassium fertilizer is a potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution with the mass fraction of 0.5%;
E、thinning: thinning for the first time when the height of the seedling is 5-7cm, thinning for the second time when the height of the seedling is 10-15cm, wherein the final fixed seedling spacing is 40cm, the number of the reserved seedlings reaches 1.3 times of the planned seedling yield which is 18000 seedlings/667 m2；
F. Topping and seedling strengthening: the height of the seedlings is 1.2-1.6m in 6-7 months, pinching and topping are carried out, and the growth of the trunk are promoted; in the middle and last ten days of 7 months, the main root is cut off, and the solution formed by mixing ABT rooting powder, algin and water according to the mass-volume ratio of 1:1:4 is used for root irrigation to promote lateral root germination; wherein the unit of mass volume ratio is g: g: L;
G. loosening the soil: the first loosening depth is 2cm, and then the soil is gradually deepened to 4 cm;
H. weeding: the principle of 'removing early, removing small and removing' is adopted to avoid carrying seedlings or injuring roots;
I. and (3) pest control: see table 1;
(3) grafting
A. Ear picking: collecting annual branches of the golden pagoda tree which is pure in variety, free of diseases and insect pests and strong in growth before the seedling sprouts in spring;
B. preparing ears: preparing the collected annual branches of the golden pagoda tree into a scion with the length of 60cm and the thickness of 0.4cm, and carrying out wax sealing treatment, namely quickly dipping the scion in paraffin dissolved at 60 ℃ and containing 18 wt% of animal fat, so that a layer of thin wax film covers the surface of the whole scion;
C. grafting: grafting the scion subjected to wax sealing treatment to the 1-year-old Mao nursery stock at a low position before the nursery stock is germinated at the maximum temperature of more than 20 ℃ in 3-4 months in the next year, and smearing a tissue culture solution on a grafting opening; the tissue culture solution is prepared by adding 6-benzylaminopurine, naphthylacetic acid, gibberellin and cane sugar into water according to the mass ratio of 15:5:8:3 and mixing.
(4) Post-inoculation management
A. Checking survival rate and loosening and binding objects: checking the survival rate 20 days after grafting, and timely removing the binder;
B. supplementing and connecting: after new branches sprout on the stocks with survived scions, the stocks are subjected to additional grafting by a bud grafting method in summer and autumn;
C. and (3) tiller removal and anvil shearing: timely removing the sprout tillers of the stock after grafting survival, supplementing the survived sprout-grafted seedlings, and timely shearing the stock;
D. straightening: when the grafted seedling grows a new shoot, a support column is erected or earthed up to prevent the seedling from bending or wind breaking;
E. trimming: at the bottom of 4 months to the beginning of 5 months, topping and pinching when newly-germinated branches grow to 20-30cm, keeping the length of 10-15cm, promoting the secondary germination of the branches, and pinching in the middle and last ten days of 7 months for the second time to promote the branches to grow thick and strong;
F. fertilizing: applying urea with nitrogen content of 45% or more every 10 days for 5 months, 6 months and 7 months, wherein the amount of top dressing is 20kg/667m2(ii) a Stopping applying the urea at the beginning of 8 months, starting applying the potash fertilizer every 15 days after 10 days until the leaf surfaces turn yellow by leaf surface application and additional application of the potash fertilizer, wherein the potash fertilizer is formed by adding monopotassium phosphate, algin and boron into water according to the mass ratio of 3:5:1 and mixing;
G. loosening the soil: the first loosening depth is 2cm, and then the soil is gradually deepened to 4 cm;
H. weeding: the principle of 'removing early, removing small and removing' is adopted to avoid carrying seedlings or injuring roots;
I. and (3) pest control: see table 1;
(5) transplanting
Transplanting before spring beginning in the third year, and pruning the branches one week before transplanting, wherein the length of the branches is kept to be 15-25 cm.
TABLE 1 common chemical for pest control of Sophora japonica
When the seedling raising method in example 1 is used for seedling emergence in the same year as the conventional seedling raising method, the thicknesses of rootstock trees, the number of branches and the thicknesses of branches of the robinia pseudoacacia seedlings are measured, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
| Thickness/mm of stock | Number of branches | Thickness/mm of branch | |
| Traditional seedling raising method | 14.61 | 1.5 | 6.92 |
| Seedling raising method in example 1 | 19.73 | 3.8 | 12.88 |
As can be seen from table 2, the seedlings cultured by the seedling culture method in example 1 have improved stock thickness, branch number and branch thickness compared with the seedlings cultured by the conventional seedling culture method.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for quickly forming seedlings of sophora japonica is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation in early stage of sowing
A. Selecting land;
B. land preparation: deep ploughing in autumn without harrowing, fertilizing next spring, shallow ploughing and harrowing immediately;
C. ridging: ridging after spring beginning;
D. soil disinfection: disinfecting the soil on the ridge surface;
E. seed pretreatment: disinfecting the sophora japonica seeds and preparing a coating on the surfaces of the sophora japonica seeds;
(2) stock culture
A. Sowing: from 5-10kg/667m in the last 3 th to the middle of the last 4 th month2Drilling the seeds according to the seeding rate;
B. irrigation: spraying water to the surface of the ridge to moisten the surface of the ridge according to soil moisture and weather conditions in the seedling emergence period; irrigating until the soil is wet in the initial growth stage; the water supply is ensured according to the soil moisture content and the weather condition in the fast growing period, water is timely irrigated after thinning or topdressing, the water is evenly irrigated thoroughly, and the soil soaking depth reaches a main root distribution layer; stopping irrigation at the later growth stage;
C. draining: the internal water is not accumulated, and the external water is not flooded;
D. fertilizing: topdressing is carried out at the right time according to the growth condition in the fast growth period, nitrogen fertilizer application is mainly carried out, wherein, the topdressing is carried out every 5 months, 6 months and 7 months for 10 days, and the topdressing amount is 10-25kg/667m each time2(ii) a Stopping applying the nitrogen fertilizer in the later growth period, and applying the potassium fertilizer to the leaf surfaces of the early, late or cloudy days in the middle and late 8 months by leaf surface application;
E. thinning: thinning for the first time when the height of the seedling is 5-7cm, thinning for the second time when the height of the seedling is 10-15cm, and finally setting the plant spacing to be 40cm, wherein the number of the reserved seedlings reaches 1.2-1.3 times of the planned seedling yield;
F. topping and seedling strengthening: the height of the seedlings is 1.2-1.6m in 6-7 months, pinching and topping are carried out, and the growth of the trunk are promoted; in the middle and last ten days of 7 months, the main root is cut off, and the solution formed by mixing ABT rooting powder, algin and water according to the mass-volume ratio of 1:1:4 is used for root irrigation to promote lateral root germination; the unit of the mass-volume ratio is g: g: L;
G. loosening the soil;
H. weeding;
I. pest control;
(3) grafting
A. Ear picking: collecting annual branches of sophora japonica before seedling germination in spring;
B. preparing ears: preparing the collected annual golden locust branches into scions, and carrying out wax sealing treatment;
C. grafting: grafting the scion subjected to wax sealing treatment to a 1-year-old or Chinese scholar seedling with the ground diameter less than 2cm at the highest temperature of more than 20 ℃ in 3-4 months in the next year before seedling germination, and smearing a tissue culture solution on a grafting opening;
(4) post-inoculation management
A. Checking the survival rate and loosening the binder;
B. patch connection;
C. removing tillers and shearing anvils;
D. straightening;
E. trimming: at the bottom of 4 months to the beginning of 5 months, topping and pinching when newly-germinated branches grow to 20-30cm, keeping the length of 10-15cm, promoting the secondary germination of the branches, and pinching in the middle and last ten days of 7 months for the second time to promote the branches to grow thick and strong;
F. fertilizing: topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is carried out every 10 days for 5 months, 6 months and 7 months, and the topdressing amount is 10-25kg/667m2 each time; stopping applying the nitrogen fertilizer at the beginning of 8 months, starting applying the potassium fertilizer every 15 days after 10 days until the leaf surfaces turn yellow by leaf surface application, and stopping applying the potassium fertilizer, wherein the potassium fertilizer is formed by adding monopotassium phosphate, algin and boron into water according to the mass ratio of 3:5:1 and mixing;
G. loosening the soil;
H. weeding;
I. pest control;
(5) and (5) transplanting.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein, in step (1),
A. selecting land: selecting loam or sandy loam which has flat terrain, convenient irrigation, good drainage and rich organic matters;
B. land preparation: deep ploughing for 20-30cm in autumn, no harrowing after ploughing, and pressing for 2-3m in next spring3/667m2Applying organic fertilizer in the fertilizing amount, shallow ploughing for 15-20cm, and then raking;
C. ridging: leveling a seedling raising land after spring opening, then making ridges, ditching for 50cm wide, making the ridges 100cm wide, making the ridges 25-30cm high, setting irrigation ditches 15-20m long according to the actual size of a seeding area, wherein the irrigation ditches are also used as drainage ditches, and irrigating enough bottom water 3-5 days before making the ridges;
D. soil disinfection: adding zineb and phoxim into fine soil, mixing uniformly, scattering the mixed soil, and disinfecting the soil on the ridge surface, wherein the using amount of the zineb is 3g/m2The dosage of the phoxim is 2g/m2；
E. Seed pretreatment: pure and plump sophora japonica seeds are selected, and a coating is prepared on the surfaces of the sophora japonica seeds after disinfection treatment.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the organic fertilizer applied in the land preparation is formed by mixing potassium fulvate, decomposed oil cakes and bran shells according to the mass ratio of 2:2: 5.
4. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the step (1), the coating is prepared on the surface of the sophora japonica seeds by a specific method comprising the following steps: adding deltamethrin, phoxim, boric acid, super absorbent resin and flour into water according to the mass ratio of 1:3:5:13:1 to prepare paste, then putting the sophora japonica seeds into the paste, stirring, taking out and drying in the air.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the step of sowing further comprises the steps of covering fine soil with a thickness 1-2 times of the thickness of the sophora japonica seeds, and compacting after covering the soil.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the nitrogen content of the nitrogen fertilizer is 45% or more and the potassium fertilizer is a potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution with a mass fraction of 0.3-0.5%.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the loose soil is specifically: the first time of loosening the soil is 1-2cm in depth, and then the soil is gradually deepened to 2-4 cm; the weeding principle is that 'early removal, small removal and except' is adopted, and seedling carrying or root injury is avoided.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein, in step (3),
A. ear picking: collecting annual branches of the golden pagoda tree which is pure in variety, free of diseases and insect pests and strong in growth before the seedling sprouts in spring;
B. preparing ears: preparing the collected annual golden locust branches into scions with the length of 40-60cm and the thickness of 0.4-0.6cm, and carrying out wax sealing treatment;
C. grafting: grafting the scion subjected to wax sealing treatment to a 1-year-old or Chinese scholar seedling with the ground diameter less than 2cm at the highest temperature of more than 20 ℃ in 3-4 months in the next year before seedling germination, and smearing a tissue culture solution on a grafting opening; the tissue culture solution is prepared by adding 6-benzylaminopurine, naphthylacetic acid, gibberellin and cane sugar into water according to the mass ratio of 15:5:8:3 and mixing.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein, in step (4),
A. checking survival rate and loosening and binding objects: checking the survival rate 20-30 days after grafting, and timely removing the binder;
B. supplementing and connecting: after new branches sprout on the stocks with survived scions, the stocks are subjected to additional grafting by a bud grafting method in summer and autumn;
C. and (3) tiller removal and anvil shearing: timely removing the sprout tillers of the stock after grafting survival, supplementing the survived sprout-grafted seedlings, and timely shearing the stock;
D. straightening: when the grafted seedling grows a new shoot, a support column is erected or earthed up to prevent the seedling from bending or wind breaking;
E. trimming: at the bottom of 4 months to the beginning of 5 months, topping and pinching when newly-germinated branches grow to 20-30cm, keeping the length of 10-15cm, promoting the secondary germination of the branches, and pinching in the middle and last ten days of 7 months for the second time to promote the branches to grow thick and strong;
F. fertilizing: topdressing nitrogen fertilizer is carried out every 10 days for 5 months, 6 months and 7 months, and the topdressing amount is 10-25kg/667m2(ii) a Stopping applying nitrogen fertilizer at the beginning of 8 months, and beginning to apply nitrogen fertilizer every 15 days after 10 daysThe potash fertilizer is applied to the leaf surface and is applied again until the leaf surface turns yellow, and the potash fertilizer is stopped to be applied, wherein the potash fertilizer is formed by adding monopotassium phosphate, algin and boron into water according to the mass ratio of 3:5:1 and mixing;
G. loosening the soil: the first time of loosening the soil is 1-2cm in depth, and then the soil is gradually deepened to 2-4 cm;
H. weeding: the principle of 'removing early, removing small and removing' is adopted to avoid carrying seedlings or injuring roots;
I. and (4) pest control.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step (5), the transplanting is specifically: transplanting before spring beginning in the third year, and pruning the branches one week before transplanting, wherein the length of the branches is kept to be 15-25 cm.
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