CN115281213A - Sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at normal temperature in large scale and application thereof - Google Patents

Sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at normal temperature in large scale and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115281213A
CN115281213A CN202210995635.4A CN202210995635A CN115281213A CN 115281213 A CN115281213 A CN 115281213A CN 202210995635 A CN202210995635 A CN 202210995635A CN 115281213 A CN115281213 A CN 115281213A
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parts
sugarcane
sugarcane seed
coating agent
stem
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CN115281213B (en
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吴凯朝
徐林
邓智年
庞天
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Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
    • A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/55—Sugar cane
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/08—Oxygen or sulfur directly attached to an aromatic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
    • A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A01N43/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom six-membered rings with oxygen as the ring hetero atom
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
    • A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/54—1,3-Diazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-diazines
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
    • A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
    • A01N47/34—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the groups, e.g. biuret; Thio analogues thereof; Urea-aldehyde condensation products
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
    • A01N47/38—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< where at least one nitrogen atom is part of a heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P21/00—Plant growth regulators

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
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  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of sugarcane cultivation and planting, and particularly discloses a sugarcane seed stem coating agent capable of being applied at a large scale and a normal temperature, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: the composition consists of the following components in parts by weight: 28 to 32 parts of thiophanate methyl, 25 to 30 parts of prochloraz, 15 to 25 parts of azoxystrobin, 30% of chlorantraniliprole, 3 to 5 parts of thiamethoxam, 0.03 to 0.08 part of sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.01 to 0.05 part of brassinosteroid, 0.02 to 0.07 part of agricultural rare earth nitrate, 3 to 6 parts of alginate oligosaccharide, 0.5 to 2 parts of thymol, 1 to 3 parts of isopulegol dodecanoate, 2 to 5 parts of decyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sulphobetaine, 150 to 250 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 15000 to 25000 parts of water. According to the sugarcane seed stem coating agent, a layer of protective film is attached to the surface of the sugarcane seed stem, so that on one hand, the preservation resistance of the sugarcane seed stem can be enhanced, the bacterial infection rate of the sugarcane seed stem is reduced, and the preservation quality of the sugarcane seed stem is improved; on the other hand, the sugarcane seed stems can be promoted to root, sprout and tiller, so that the main stems and the tiller stems of the sugarcane can grow together, the stem forming rate is improved, the stress resistance of the sugarcane is enhanced, and the planting benefit of the sugarcane is improved.

Description

Sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at normal temperature in large scale and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sugarcane cultivation and planting, and particularly relates to a sugarcane seed stem coating agent capable of being applied in a large-scale and normal-temperature mode and application thereof.
Background
Sugarcane is one of the most important sugar crops in China, and is usually sowed through sugarcane seed stems. The traditional planting of the sugarcane is carried out in non-standardized seed stems or full stems and other modes, and the development of the precise mechanical planting of the sugarcane is not facilitated. The seed yield of the sugarcane in the traditional planting mode per mu is 0.8-1.1 ton at most, a lot of raw sugarcane is wasted, the sugarcane cannot be used for squeezing in factories, and the total yield of the sugarcane in China is directly reduced. The full-stem sugarcane seeds waste more manpower and financial resources in the transportation process, mechanical damage is easily caused to sugarcane buds, the production cost of the sugarcane is increased, and the planting income of the sugarcane is reduced.
The sugarcane seed stem coating is a modern sugarcane production mode matched with technologies such as precision mechanical planting and the like on the basis of standardized production of sugarcane seed stem factories, and mainly solves the problems of large seed quantity, low planting efficiency, high production cost, poor seed stem quality and the like of sugarcane planting in China at present. Standardized sugarcane diolame seed stem is than the tradition from the planting efficiency of reserving kind and being higher than 30 times, and traditional manual work is planted and can only plant 0.5 mu every day, and planting cost is about 240 yuan per mu under the artifical condition that is in short supply, and mechanized planting a unit can plant 50 mu a day, than traditional manual work planting raise the efficiency more than 30 times, and planting cost only is 100 yuan per mu, subtracts 140 yuan per mu immediately. The coated seed stems are used for seed supply of seed stem factories, 3500-4500 buds are planted per mu, the seed consumption is reduced, farmers can change the reserved seed stems into raw material sugarcane to enter the factories, the income is increased, the squeezing amount of sugar factories is effectively increased, and the problem of high production cost caused by insufficient raw materials in the sugar factories in our district at present is solved. According to measurement and calculation, taking the example of breeding healthy sugarcane seed stems in a professional 2000-mu nursery, about 6 ten thousand mu of sugarcane can be planted by applying the technology, sugarcane farmers can increase the sugarcane pressing amount for sugar enterprises by 3.8 ten thousand tons without reserving seeds, and the sugarcane farmers can increase the yield by 1900 ten thousand yuan according to 500 yuan per ton of raw sugarcane; the sugar yield is increased by about 2459 ten thousand yuan according to 1 ton sugar produced by 8.5 tons of raw material cane and the sugar value is 5500 yuan/ton, thereby realizing the sugar enterprise synergism, the cane farmers income increase and the industrial farmers win-win.
The currently disclosed coating or film coating methods for processing the seed stems of the sugarcane have single efficacy or certain defects, and cannot obtain better comprehensive effects; the time for soaking treatment is long in the sugarcane seed stem coating, coating film or disinfection method, and the production line production operation of a sugarcane seed stem coating factory is not facilitated; moreover, the treated seed stems also need to be stored in a refrigeration house, a large amount of energy consumption is needed, in addition, the soluble sugar content of the sugarcane is reduced along with the increase of the storage time of the seed stems in the storage process, and a large amount of malonaldehyde is accumulated and active oxygen is excessive, so that the toxic effect is generated on the sugarcane seed stems, the physiological damage and the activity reduction of the sugarcane seed stems are caused, and the emergence rate of the sugarcane seed stems and the subsequent growth of the sugarcane are further influenced. Therefore, the research on the sugarcane seed stem coating agent can reduce the soaking treatment time, realize normal-temperature storage, improve the storage activity, promote the growth of the sugarcane and improve the sugarcane stem forming rate, and has important significance for realizing large-scale and high-efficiency production of the sugarcane seed stems, promoting the growth of the sugarcane and improving the yield and quality of the sugarcane.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sugarcane seed stem coating agent which can be applied at normal temperature in a large scale, and can reduce the infection of pathogenic bacteria, prolong the storage time of sugarcane seed stems, improve the quality of the sugarcane seed stems, promote the growth of sugarcane, improve the stem forming rate of the sugarcane, further improve the yield and the quality of the sugarcane, and further improve the planting benefit of the sugarcane.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention provides a sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at normal temperature in large scale, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28 to 32 parts of thiophanate-methyl, 25 to 30 parts of prochloraz, 20 to 25 parts of azoxystrobin, 30 percent of chlorantraniliprole, 3 to 5 parts of thiamethoxam, 0.03 to 0.08 part of sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.01 to 0.05 part of brassinosteroid, 0.02 to 0.07 part of agricultural nitric acid rare earth, 3 to 6 parts of alginate oligosaccharide, 0.5 to 2 parts of thymol, 1 to 3 parts of isopulegol dodecanol, 2 to 5 parts of decyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sulphobetaine, 150 to 250 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 15000 to 25000 parts of water.
Preferably, the sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at the large scale and the normal temperature consists of the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of thiophanate methyl, 28 parts of prochloraz, 20 parts of azoxystrobin, 30% chlorantraniliprole, 4 parts of thiamethoxam, 0.06 part of sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.03 part of brassinosteroid, 0.04 part of agricultural nitric acid rare earth, 5 parts of alginate oligosaccharide, 1 part of thymol, 2 parts of isopulegol dodecanoate, 4 parts of decyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sulphobetaine, 200 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 20000 parts.
Preferably, in the sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at normal temperature in large scale, the preparation method of the sugarcane seed stem coating agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Slowly pouring polyvinyl alcohol into hot water while stirring until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved in the water, and cooling to obtain a feed liquid;
(2) Adding decyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine, sodium naphthalene acetate, agricultural rare earth nitrate and alginate oligosaccharides into the feed liquid obtained in the step (1), and stirring and dissolving to obtain a premixed solution;
(3) Adding isopulegol dodecanoate, thymol, brassinol, thiophanate-methyl, prochloraz, azoxystrobin benzoate and 30% of chlorantraniliprole into the premixed solution obtained in the step (2) in sequence, and stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the sugarcane seed stem coating agent.
The sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at the large scale and the normal temperature is applied to the preservation of sugarcane seed stems and the cultivation and planting of sugarcanes.
Preferably, in the application, the sugarcane seed stems are placed into the sugarcane seed stem coating agent for soaking, the film is formed through a conveying belt of an air dryer, and then the sugarcane seed stems are stored or planted in soil.
Preferably, in the application, the sugarcane seed stems are soaked in the coating agent solution for 45-60 s, and a layer of protective film is generated after the seed stems pass through a conveyor belt of an air dryer.
Preferably, in the application, the sugarcane seed stems are stored at the temperature of 20-25 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at normal temperature in large scale can form a layer of protective film on the surface of the sugarcane seed stem, reduce the infection rate of sugarcane seed stem germs, enhance the preservation resistance of the sugarcane seed stem, and can be preserved at room temperature (25 ℃); can enhance the physiological activity of the preserved sugarcane seed stems and improve the bud perfectness rate and the emergence rate of the preserved sugarcane seed stems. Test results show that after the sugarcane seed stems are stored for 30 days at room temperature (25 ℃), the germ infection rate of the sugarcane seed stems is below 26%, the bud perfection rate of the seed stems is above 81%, and the emergence rate is above 73%.
2. The sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at normal temperature in large scale has the advantages that all components are mutually cooperated, the rooting, seedling emergence and tillering of the sugarcane seed stems are promoted, the main stems and the tillering stems of the sugarcane grow together, the stem forming rate is improved, the sugarcane planting efficiency is improved, and the yield increasing and quality improving effects are obvious. The field test result shows that: the emergence rate of the sugarcane treated by the coating agent is improved by 45 percent, the tillering and the unearthing are advanced by 1.2 leaf years, the tillering and stem forming rate is improved by more than 77 percent, the yield of the sugarcane is increased by more than 31 percent, the yield of the cane sugar is improved by 39 percent, and the brix of the cane juice and the average share of the cane sugar are improved to different degrees. Can also improve the plant growing rate and the growth performance of the perennial root sugarcane and improve the perennial root performance of the sugarcane.
3. The sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at normal temperature in large scale has the functions of preventing diseases, preventing insects and preventing lodging, can enhance the drought stress resistance of the sugarcane, reduce the damage of the drought stress on the physiological of the sugarcane, improve the physiological activity of the sugarcane under the drought stress, and ensure the number of seedlings to lay a foundation for realizing stable yield.
4. According to the sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at the normal temperature in a large scale, the permeability and the surface tension of the coating agent are greatly improved through the combined synergistic effect of the isopulegol dodecanoate and the decyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine, the protection and growth promoting effects of the coating agent can be improved, the treatment time of the sugarcane seed stems is shortened, the sugarcane seed stem coating agent is only used for 45-60 s when being used for treating the sugarcane seed stems, the sugarcane seed stem coating agent is suitable for the flow line production of standardized seed stems in sugarcane seed stem factories, and the large scale and high efficiency can be realized.
5. The sugarcane seed stem coating agent is used for treating sugarcane seed stems for storage, the treated sugarcane seed stems can be stored for 30 days at normal temperature (25 ℃), the refrigeration link is omitted, and energy consumption is saved to a great extent.
6. The sugarcane seed stem coating agent provided by the invention has the advantages that the raw materials are easily available, the use method of the coating agent is simple and convenient, and the popularization and the application are facilitated.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Example 1
A sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at normal temperature in large scale comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of thiophanate methyl, 28 parts of prochloraz, 20 parts of azoxystrobin, 30% chlorantraniliprole, 4 parts of thiamethoxam, 0.06 part of sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.03 part of brassinosteroid, 0.04 part of agricultural nitric acid rare earth, 5 parts of brown alginate oligosaccharide, 1 part of thymol, 2 parts of isopulegol dodecanoate, 4 parts of decyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sulphobetaine, 200 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 17-92) and 20000 parts.
The preparation method of the sugarcane seed stem coating agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Slowly pouring polyvinyl alcohol into water at the temperature of 80 ℃, and stirring while adding until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved in the water to obtain a feed liquid;
(2) Adding decyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine, sodium naphthaleneacetate, agricultural rare earth nitrate and alginate oligosaccharides into the feed liquid obtained in the step (1), and stirring for dissolving to obtain a premixed solution;
(3) Adding isopulegol dodecanoate, thymol, brassinosteroid, thiophanate-methyl, prochloraz, azoxystrobin and 30% of chlorantraniliprole into the premixed solution obtained in the step (2) in sequence, and stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the sugarcane seed stem coating agent.
Example 2
A sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at normal temperature in large scale comprises the following components in parts by weight: 32 parts of thiophanate methyl, 27 parts of prochloraz, 15 parts of azoxystrobin, 30% chlorantraniliprole, 5 parts of thiamethoxam, 0.05 part of sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.03 part of brassinosteroid, 0.05 part of agricultural nitric acid rare earth, 4 parts of fucoidan, 2 parts of thymol, 1.2 parts of isopulegol dodecanol, 5 parts of decyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sulphobetaine, 200 parts of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA 17-92) and 20000 parts.
Comparative example 1
The sugarcane seed stem coating agent of the comparative example is different from the sugarcane seed stem coating agent of the example 1 in that: carbendazim is used for replacing thiophanate-methyl, difenoconazole is used for replacing azoxystrobin, and the rest is the same as that in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The sugarcane seed stem coating agent of the comparative example is different from the sugarcane seed stem coating agent of the example 1 in that: the potassium indolebutyrate is used for replacing brassinosteroid and agricultural rare earth nitrate, and the rest is the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 3
The sugarcane seed stem coating agent of the comparative example is different from the sugarcane seed stem coating agent of the example 1 in that: it did not contain alginate oligosaccharides and thymol, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4
The sugarcane seed stem coating agent of the comparative example is different from that of example 1 in that: the procedure of example 1 was repeated except that the thymol was replaced with brown algae oligosaccharide.
Comparative example 5
The sugarcane seed stem coating agent of the comparative example is different from the sugarcane seed stem coating agent of the example 1 in that: the same procedure as in example 1 was repeated except that isopulegol laurate and decyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine were replaced with fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9.
Comparative example 6
The sugarcane seed stem coating agent of the comparative example uses decyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine to replace isopulegol dodecanoate, and the rest is the same as example 1.
Coating agent (coating)
A sugarcane seed stem coating agent is prepared by the following steps: 50 parts by weight of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether AEO-9 and 90 parts by weight of water-added hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether HPMC water-retaining agent are prepared into mother liquor, 11 parts by weight of 40% tebuconazole-prochloraz, 7.5 parts by weight of 40% chlorantraniliprole suspension, 45 parts by weight of field-moistening rooting powder and 30 parts by weight of soil conditioner are added and fully stirred and uniformly mixed, and finally 10000 parts by weight of water are added and uniformly stirred to obtain the coating agent.
The following tests were conducted at 26 days 2 and 3 days 2021 in 2020 at two points, respectively, the town of Dingdang, longan county, nanning City and the town of Fenghuang district, guest City, xingbin district.
Test example 1 storage test
Test subjects: gui Tang No. 44
The test method comprises the following steps: setting 11 groups including examples 1-2 groups, comparative examples 1-6 groups, coating group, disinfection group and blank control group (CK), cutting the first generation seed stems of the healthy sugarcane seedlings by using a seed cutting machine, wherein the length of the double-bud-segment seed stems is 28cm, the diameter of the stems is 2.5cm-3.0cm, 50 double-bud-segment seed stems are arranged in each group, and 3 groups are repeated. Sugarcane seed stems of groups 1-2 and comparative examples 1-6 are respectively soaked for 50s by adopting the coating agent provided by the groups 1-2 and comparative examples 1-6, the group 1 of the coating group is soaked for 3min by adopting a coating agent, the group for disinfection is soaked for 10min by adopting a disinfectant prepared by adding 200 g of 50% carbendazim wettable powder into 100 kg of water, the group for blank control is soaked for 10min by adopting clear water, the treated sugarcane seed stems are dried by a conveyor belt of an air dryer, and then the sugarcane seed stems are stored for 30 days under the conditions of constant temperature and humidity (air humidity is 75%, and the temperature of a greenhouse is 25 ℃). The incidence of pineapple disease (incidence =100% of number of seed stems/total number of seed stems), disease index, control effect, and the incidence ratio of pineapple disease infection (infection rate) were examined on days 6, 9, 20, and 30, respectively, and the longitudinal section plane of pineapple disease was examined on day 30, sugarcane seed stems were cut into two, the section infection degree was observed, the infection rate = section infection area/total section plane area × 100%, bud perfection rate, seed stem emergence rate, and seed stem water loss rate were examined. Disease index =100 × ∑ (number of attacks at each stage × representative value at each stage)/(total investigation number × highest representative value), control effect (%) = (control disease index-treatment disease index)/control disease index × 100%.
And (3) test results: tables 1 and 2 respectively show the pineapple disease infection index during the storage period of the sugarcane seed stems after different treatments and the performance index after 30 days of storage, and it can be seen from the tables that the sugarcane seed stem morbidity and the disease index of the example group are obviously lower than those of the comparative example group, the coating group, the disinfection group and the control group, and the control effect is good; after the sugarcane seed stems are stored for 30 days, compared with the coating group, the infection area of the pineapple disease of the longitudinal section of the sugarcane seed stems of the embodiment group is reduced by more than 18 percent, the bud perfection rate is improved by 10 percent, the emergence rate of the seed stems is improved by more than 21 percent, and the water loss rate of the seed stems is reduced by 20 percent; the infection rate of pineapple diseases of the group of example 1 is obviously lower than that of the group of comparative example 1, the group of comparative example 4 and the group of comparative example 5, the bud perfection rate and the emergence rate of the group of example 1 are obviously higher than that of the group of comparative example 1, the group of comparative example 4 and the group of comparative example 5, the sugarcane seed stem coating agent disclosed by the invention optimizes the bactericide component, and is added with the isopulegol dodecanol and the decyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine for combined synergism, so that the infection rate in the storage process of the sugarcane seed stems can be obviously reduced, and the storage quality of the sugarcane seed stems is improved; compared with example 1, the emergence rates of the seed stems of the comparative examples 3 and 4 are obviously reduced, which shows that the addition of the alginate oligosaccharide and thymol composition can effectively enhance the physiological activity of the sugarcane seed stems in the storage process and improve the completeness rate and emergence rate of the stored sugarcane seed stem buds.
TABLE 1 infection index of sugarcane seed stem pineapple disease treated differently
Figure BDA0003804676660000071
Figure BDA0003804676660000081
TABLE 2 Performance index of differently treated sugarcane seed stalks after 30 days of storage
Figure BDA0003804676660000082
Test example 2 bucket planting test
Test subjects: gui Tang No. 44
The test method comprises the following steps: 11 groups of examples 1-2, comparative examples 1-6, coating group, disinfection group and blank control group (CK) are designed, a first generation seed stem bred from healthy sugarcane seedlings is cut by using a seed cutting machine, the length of the seed stem of the double-bud segment is 28cm, the diameter of the stem is 2.5cm-3.0cm, 15 double-bud segments are arranged in each group, and 3 groups are repeated. The sugarcane double-bud segments of groups 1-2 and comparative examples 1-6 are soaked for 50s by adopting corresponding coating agents, the sugarcane double-bud segments of the coating groups are soaked for 3min by adopting corresponding coating agents, the disinfection groups are soaked for 10min by adopting a disinfectant prepared by adding 200 g of 50% carbendazim wettable powder to 100 kg of water, the blank control groups are soaked for 10min by adopting clear water, the treated sugarcane seed stems are blown dry by an air dryer conveyor belt, then the sugarcane seed stems are planted in plastic barrels, 3 double-bud segments are planted in each barrel, and planting and management are carried out according to a conventional sugarcane cultivation management method. And (4) investigating the growth conditions of seed roots and sugarcane buds on the 7 th day of planting, investigating the growth conditions of seedling roots, tillering buds and sugarcane seedlings on the 35 th day, investigating according to a conventional method, and averaging the results.
And (3) test results: tables 3 and 4 show the growth conditions of the seed roots and the sugarcane buds on the 7 th day and the seedling roots, the tillering buds and the sugarcane seedlings on the 35 th day after the sugarcane seed stems are subjected to barrel planting, and it can be seen from the tables that the root number and the root thickness of the seed roots of the example group are obviously higher than those of the coating group, the disinfection group and the control group; after 35 days of planting, compared with a blank control group, the number of the seedlings in the embodiment group is increased by over 132%, the root thickness is increased by over 27%, and the tillering bud and tillering incidence rate of the same-period germination are respectively increased by over 226% and over 166%.
TABLE 3 Effect of different treatments on sprouting of sugarcane and growth of seed roots (day 7)
Figure BDA0003804676660000091
TABLE 4 Effect of different treatments on sugarcane sprout growth (day 35)
Figure BDA0003804676660000092
Figure BDA0003804676660000101
Test example 3 field test
Test subjects: gui Tang No. 44
The test method comprises the following steps: the design example 1, the coating group, the disinfection group and the blank control group (CK) are totally 4 groups, the seed stem length of the double-bud segment of the sugarcane is 28cm, the stem diameter is 2.5cm-3.0cm, the random block design is adopted, 3 repeats in each group are adopted, 5 rows are arranged in each cell, the row length is 10 meters, the row spacing is 1.2 meters, and the seed quantity per mu is 4500 buds. The sugarcane double-bud segments of the group in the embodiment 1 are soaked for 50s by adopting corresponding coating agents, the sugarcane double-bud segments of the coating group are soaked for 3min by adopting coating agents, the disinfection group is soaked for 10min by adopting a disinfectant prepared by adding 200 g of 50% carbendazim wettable powder to 100 kg of water, the blank control group is soaked for 10min by adopting clear water, the treated sugarcane seed stems are dried by an air dryer conveyor belt and then planted in a test field, the planting methods of the three groups and the management mode during the growth period are the same, and the planting is carried out according to the conventional method.
Survey items: the seedling emergence rate, the tillering condition and the snout moth damage condition are investigated in the growth period, and the yield character and the quality index are investigated in the maturation period. And (4) after harvesting, managing the ratoon sugarcane according to technical regulations for sugar cane production (NY/T1787-2009), and investigating ratoon growth indexes in the growth period of the ratoon sugarcane. All projects were investigated conventionally.
And (3) test results:
(1) Effect of coating treatment on sugarcane emergence and tillering
As can be seen from table 5, the emergence rates of the sugarcanes are respectively the emergence rate of the coating group of the example 1 and the emergence rate of the disinfection group of the control group from high to low, and compared with the control group, the emergence rate of the example 1 group is 45% higher, and the dead center rate is reduced by 95%; the first tillering time, the second tillering time and the third tillering emergence time of the sugarcanes of the group of the embodiment 1 are more than 1.1 leaf age ahead of those of the coating group, the disinfection group and the control group, and the third tillering emergence time is close to 2 leaf age ahead of the emergence time of the control group; the tillering and stem forming rates of the sugarcanes are from high to low, namely, the coating group in the example 1, the disinfection group and the control group in sequence; the tillering and stem forming rate of the group in the example 1 is improved by more than 77.6 percent compared with that of a control group, and is improved by 44.7 percent compared with that of a coating group, and the difference is extremely obvious. As can be seen from Table 6, the tillering stem height and stem diameter of the group of example 1 were higher than those of the comparative example group, the sterilized group and the control group, the first, second and third tillering stems all had an average plant height of 300cm or more and a stem diameter of 2.9cm or more. The results show that the sugarcane seed stem coating agent can improve the emergence rate of sugarcane, tillering of the sugarcane is advanced and growth of the sugarcane is promoted under the condition that growth of main stems is not influenced, so that the sugarcane can be tillered effectively, tillering and stem forming rate is improved remarkably, tillering stems can grow effectively, the yield of the sugarcane is improved, the seed quantity is reduced, and the planting benefit of the sugarcane is improved.
(2) Effect of coating treatment on sugarcane yield and quality
As can be seen from Table 7, the lodging rate of the sugarcane in the group of example 1 is significantly reduced compared with the control group, and the brix and the sucrose content of the sugarcane are both improved to different degrees compared with the control group; compared with a control group, the lodging rate of the sugarcane is reduced by 74.3%, the single-stem weight is improved by 9.5%, the effective stem number is improved by 20.5%, the sugarcane yield is improved by more than 31%, the sucrose yield is improved by 39%, and the sugarcane quality and yield are obviously improved.
(3) Effect of the envelope on the growth of sugarcane
Table 8 shows the effect of different treatments on the growth of sugarcane ratoon sugarcane, and it can be seen from the table that the sugarcane emergence rate, seedling height and pseudostem thickness of the group in example 1 are significantly higher than those of the coating group and the control group, and compared with the control group, the emergence rate of the group in example 1 is increased by more than 47%, the seedling height and pseudostem thickness are respectively increased by 100% and 59.8%, and the difference is very significant, which indicates that the sugarcane seed stem coating agent provided by the invention can increase the sugarcane emergence rate and growth performance, and improve the ratoon performance of sugarcane.
TABLE 5 influence of different treatments on sugarcane seedling emergence and tillering in the field
Figure BDA0003804676660000111
Figure BDA0003804676660000121
TABLE 6 Effect of different treatments on sugarcane Stem and tillering growth
Figure BDA0003804676660000122
TABLE 7 influence of different treatments on sugarcane yield, quality
Figure BDA0003804676660000123
TABLE 8 Effect of different treatments on sugarcane ratoon growth
Treatment of Percentage of Hair growth (%) Number of plants (plants/hectare) Miao height (cm) False stem thickness (cm)
Example 1 86.48 63126 12.65 1.95
Coating group 75.23 50264 10.24 1.67
Disinfection group 61.81 38329 6.54 1.24
Control group 58.65 36581 6.33 1.22
Test example 4 drought tolerance test of coated sugarcane seed stems in greenhouse
Test subjects: sweet-scented osmanthus No. 42, sweet-scented osmanthus No. 44, sweet-scented osmanthus No. 49, sweet-scented osmanthus No. 55 and willow city 05/136.
The test method comprises the following steps: the group of the example 1, the group of the comparative example 3, the group of the comparative example 4, the group of the coating group, the group of the disinfection group and the group of the blank Control (CK) are designed to be 6 groups, the seed stem length of the double-bud segment of the sugarcane is 28cm, the stem diameter is 2.5cm-3.0cm, a random block design is adopted, 3 replicates are arranged in each group, and 100 double-bud segments are planted in each cell. The sugarcane double-bud segments of the group 1 and the groups 3-4 of the comparative examples are respectively soaked for 50s by adopting corresponding coating agents, the sugarcane double-bud segments of the coating groups are soaked for 3min by adopting corresponding coating agents, the disinfection groups are soaked for 10min by adopting a disinfectant prepared by adding 200 g of 50% carbendazim wettable powder to 100 kg of water, the blank control groups are soaked for 10min by adopting clean water, the treated sugarcane seed stems are dried by a conveyor belt of an air dryer, and then the sugarcane seed stems are planted in a greenhouse. When planting, the relative humidity of the greenhouse soil is 43% -48%, and no additional watering is carried out; watering once every 25 th day, and investigating the rate of emergence 45 days when the relative humidity of soil reaches 73% -78%.
And (3) test results: the influence of the coating treatment on the emergence of seedlings of the sugarcane under drought stress.
As can be seen from Table 9, the emergence rates of the sugarcanes under drought stress are respectively 42.20% (absolute value), 41.44% (absolute value), 44.12% (absolute value), 42.18% (absolute value) and 42.79% (absolute value) higher than those of the control group, namely, the emergence rates of the cinnamic sugar No. 42, the cinnamic sugar No. 44, the cinnamic sugar No. 49, the cinnamic sugar No. 55 and the willow city 05/136 of the group of the example 1 are respectively higher than those of the control group by 42.20% (absolute value), 41.44% (absolute value), 44.12% (absolute value), 42.18% (absolute value) and 42.79% (absolute value), and the difference is extremely obvious.
TABLE 9 emergence rate (%) of rehydration after drought for 5 sugarcane varieties treated differently
Figure BDA0003804676660000131
Figure BDA0003804676660000141
Test example 5 smut prevention test for coated sugarcane seed stems in field
Test subjects: sweet-scented osmanthus No. 42, sweet-scented osmanthus No. 44, sweet-scented osmanthus No. 49, sweet-scented osmanthus No. 55 and Liucheng 05/136.
The test method comprises the following steps: the design example 1 group, the comparative example 1 group, the coating group, the disinfection group and the blank control group (CK) are 5 groups in total, the length of the seed stem of the double-bud section of the sugarcane is 28cm, the diameter of the seed stem is 2.5cm-3.0cm, the random block design is adopted, 3 repeats are adopted in each group, 5 rows are arranged in each cell, the row length is 10 meters, the row spacing is 1.2 meters, and the seeding quantity per mu is 4500 buds. The sugarcane double-bud segments of the group 1 in the embodiment and the group 1 in the comparative example are respectively soaked for 50s by adopting corresponding coating agents, the sugarcane double-bud segments of the coating group are respectively soaked for 3min by adopting corresponding coating agents, the disinfection group is soaked for 10min by adopting a disinfectant prepared by adding 200 g of 50% carbendazim wettable powder to 100 kg of water, the blank control group is soaked for 10min by adopting clear water, the treated sugarcane seed stems are dried by a conveyor belt of an air dryer, and then the sugarcane seed stems are planted in the continuous cropping land parcels. The stubble on the planting land is the perennial root sugarcane of Guitang No. 42 of the second year, and the incidence rate of the smut of the sugarcane is 28.6 percent. The planting method and the management mode during the growth period of each group are the same and are carried out according to the conventional method. The incidence rate of the smut of the newly planted sugarcane is investigated in the middle and later elongation stages of the sugarcane, and the incidence rate of the smut of the sugarcane (%) = cumulative stem number/total stem number multiplied by 100.
And (3) test results: as can be seen from table 10, the incidence rate of smut of newly planted sugarcane in the continuous cropping sugarcane field is the lowest in the group of example 1, and the incidence rates of smut of sugarcane in the group of example 1, which is obtained by coating 5 sugarcane varieties such as 42, 44, 49, 55 and 05/136 of willow city in example 1, are all lower than that of the coating group by more than 4% (absolute value).
TABLE 10 incidence (%)
Figure BDA0003804676660000142
Figure BDA0003804676660000151
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. The sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at normal temperature in large scale is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 28 to 32 parts of thiophanate methyl, 25 to 30 parts of prochloraz, 15 to 25 parts of azoxystrobin, 30% of chlorantraniliprole, 3 to 5 parts of thiamethoxam, 0.03 to 0.08 part of sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.01 to 0.05 part of brassinosteroid, 0.02 to 0.07 part of agricultural rare earth nitrate, 3 to 6 parts of alginate oligosaccharide, 0.5 to 2 parts of thymol, 1 to 3 parts of isopulegol dodecanoate, 2 to 5 parts of decyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sulphobetaine, 150 to 250 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 15000 to 25000 parts of water.
2. The sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at normal temperature in large scale according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of thiophanate methyl, 28 parts of prochloraz, 20 parts of benzyl azoxystrobin, 30% chlorantraniliprole, 4 parts of thiamethoxam, 0.06 part of sodium naphthaleneacetate, 0.03 part of brassinosteroid, 0.04 part of agricultural nitric acid rare earth, 5 parts of alginate oligosaccharide, 1 part of thymol, 2 parts of isopulegol dodecanoate, 4 parts of decyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sulphobetaine, 200 parts of polyvinyl alcohol and 20000 parts of water.
3. The sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at the normal temperature in a large scale according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the preparation method of the sugarcane seed stem coating agent comprises the following steps:
(1) Slowly pouring polyvinyl alcohol into hot water while stirring until the polyvinyl alcohol is completely dissolved in the water, and cooling to obtain a feed liquid;
(2) Adding decyl dimethyl hydroxypropyl sulfobetaine, sodium naphthalene acetate, agricultural rare earth nitrate and alginate oligosaccharides into the feed liquid obtained in the step (1), and stirring and dissolving to obtain a premixed solution;
(3) Adding isopulegol laurate, thymol, brassinosterol, thiophanate-methyl, prochloraz, azoxystrobin and 30% chlorantraniliprole into the premixed solution obtained in the step (2) in sequence, and stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain the sugarcane seed stem coating agent.
4. The application of the sugarcane seed stem coating agent applied at the normal temperature in large scale according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in sugarcane seed stem storage and sugarcane cultivation and planting.
5. The use of claim 4, wherein the sugarcane seed stems are soaked in the sugarcane seed stem coating agent, the film is formed by passing through an air dryer conveyor belt, and then the sugarcane seed stems are preserved or planted in soil.
6. The application of claim 5, wherein the sugarcane seed stems are soaked in the coating agent liquid for 45 to 60s, and a protective film is formed on the surfaces of the sugarcane seed stems by a conveying belt of an air dryer.
7. The use as claimed in claim 6, wherein the sugar cane seed stems are stored at 20 to 25 ℃.
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