CN111587749B - Cultivation and planting method of lodging-resistant rice - Google Patents
Cultivation and planting method of lodging-resistant rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN111587749B CN111587749B CN202010323870.8A CN202010323870A CN111587749B CN 111587749 B CN111587749 B CN 111587749B CN 202010323870 A CN202010323870 A CN 202010323870A CN 111587749 B CN111587749 B CN 111587749B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation and planting method of lodging-resistant rice, which specifically comprises the following steps: step 1: basic work before rice cultivation, step 2: preparing rice seeds and clay before cultivation, and step 3: reasonably raising seedlings, and step 4: and (3) optimized fertilizer and water management in the seedling emergence stage, and step 5: the invention discloses watering management optimized in the seedling emergence stage, and relates to the technical field of lodging-resistant rice. The method for cultivating and planting lodging-resistant rice comprises the steps of 1 and 3, wherein workers fully clean and disinfect agricultural equipment, so that a relatively stable seedling environment can be obtained when the rice is cultivated, invasion of microorganisms to rice seedlings is avoided, a special control promoting agent is adopted to cultivate the rice seedlings, the rice control promoting agent contains high-activity control promoting factors and large, medium and trace elements, the root system is promoted to be developed, the photosynthetic rate is improved, effective tillering is increased, the number of grains per spike is increased, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is increased to promote vegetative growth.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lodging-resistant rice, in particular to a cultivation and planting method of lodging-resistant rice.
Background
The rice is a rice cereal crop, the representative seed is rice, and the rice lodging means that the vertically growing crop is deflected due to natural factors such as hail, rainstorm and the like or external force, and even the whole plant creeps over the ground. Lodging can reduce crop yield and quality, and harvesting is difficult. When crops such as wheat and rice are seriously lodging, the yield is seriously influenced, and even the crop cannot be harvested. Lodging mostly occurs after crop jointing and in the middle and later periods of crop growth. In the rice cultivation process, lodging of different degrees often occurs, and two types are common: one is the lodging of the base part, and the other is the lodging of the folded straw, and the former is the main phenomenon of rice lodging.
The rice is easy to fall down in the growth process, stems and leaves of the rice overlap after falling down, the photosynthesis and the formation of photosynthetic products are seriously inhibited, the flowering and the pollination cannot be smooth, some easy-to-fall varieties of the rice can seriously affect the yield of the rice, and the yield of the rice is low because some rice is lack of a control promoting agent during seedling raising, so that the cultivation and planting method of the lodging-resistant rice is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a cultivation and planting method of lodging-resistant rice, which solves the problems that the rice is easy to fall down in the growth process, stems and leaves of the rice are mutually overlapped after falling down, only one surface of a few leaves can be irradiated by sunlight, the photosynthesis and the formation of photosynthetic products are seriously inhibited, the blooming and the pollination and the grouting cannot be smooth, and the yield of the rice can be seriously influenced by some easy-to-fall varieties of the rice.
(II) technical scheme
In order to realize the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a cultivation and planting method of lodging-resistant rice specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: basic work before rice cultivation: cleaning and disinfecting all agricultural instruments participating in cultivation and planting by using purified water, wiping the cleaned instruments by using a dry cotton towel, entering a standby state, and starting up and preheating part of the machine;
step 2: preparation of rice seeds and clay before cultivation: selecting rice seeds, soaking the rice seeds for 40 hours, taking out the rice seeds, airing the rice seeds, sterilizing and disinfecting the rice seeds, selecting cohesive soil, preparing nutrient soil by fertilizing, crushing and sieving the soil, preparing human and animal manure as biological fertilizer, piling and sealing the biological fertilizer for 30 days, and then sieving the biological fertilizer;
and step 3: reasonably growing seedlings: adopting a special rice control agent to carry out seedling raising on rice, uniformly mixing the control agent in nutrient solution, and timely adding the control agent into the culture soil fertilizer, wherein the use amount of the control agent per mu is 10-25kg, and the distance between seedlings is ensured to be 8-12 cm;
and 4, step 4: and (3) optimized fertilizer and water management in the seedling emergence stage: in the paddy tillering vigorous period, sufficient paddy rice control promoter is used in a matching way, and according to the planting density, chemical fertilizer is applied for 3-5 times every day, biological fertilizer is applied for 5-8 times, and the interval time of each time is the same;
and 5: watering management optimized in the seedling stage: monitoring the soil humidity in real time, and supplementing water for 4-6 times every day in sunny days and 2-4 times every day in rainy days, wherein the soil humidity reaches over 80 percent after water is supplemented every time;
step 6: temperature management in the emergence stage: the cultivation of greenhouse seeds adopts a ventilation cooling method, and when the temperature in the greenhouse is stably raised, a ventilation port of the greenhouse is opened to keep the temperature in the greenhouse at 28-32 ℃;
and 7: safe transplanting and planting of rice seedlings: pulling out all the surviving seedlings with roots, then bundling the seedlings into a small bundle of seedlings, transferring the seedlings into a large paddy field, then stably inserting the seedlings into the large paddy field again, keeping the insertion distance between 14 and 18cm after transplanting, and applying 10 to 15 kilograms of silicon fertilizer per mu at the initial stage of jointing of the rice;
and 8: and (4) observing and recording: and (3) carrying out detailed observation and recording on the subsequent growth condition of the rice, recording the yield per mu after the rice is mature, and storing the recorded data into a database.
Preferably, in step 1, the dry towel for wiping after washing must be sterilized by using ultraviolet rays.
Preferably, in the step 2, the rice seeds are firstly selected by a machine and then manually rechecked.
Preferably, in the step 3, the control agent is added into the soil fertilizer in a drip irrigation mode, and the activity of the control agent is subjected to spot inspection at fixed intervals.
Preferably, in the step 4, the fertilizer types are paclobutrazol, urea and monopotassium phosphate.
Preferably, in the step 4, the biological fertilizer is human and animal manure, and the biological fertilizer must be decomposed before use.
Preferably, in the step 5, the time interval of water supplement is fixed, and the water supplement amount is the same each time.
Preferably, in the step 7, the silicon fertilizer must be uniformly added in the field.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a cultivation and planting method of lodging-resistant rice. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the cultivation and planting method of the lodging-resistant rice comprises the following steps of 1: basic work before rice cultivation: all agricultural instruments participating in cultivation and planting are cleaned and disinfected by purified water, then the cleaned instruments are wiped by a dry cotton towel and enter a standby state, and partial machines are started to preheat, and the method comprises the following steps: reasonably growing seedlings: the special rice growth promoting and controlling agent is adopted to grow seedlings of rice, the growth promoting and controlling agent is uniformly mixed in the nutrient solution and is added into the soil fertilizer at proper time, the usage amount of the growth promoting and controlling agent per mu is 10-25kg, and the distance between each seedling is 8-12cm, through the combined setting of the step 1 and the step 3, workers fully clean and disinfect agricultural equipment, so that the rice can obtain a relatively stable seedling growing environment when growing seedlings, the damage of microorganisms to the rice is avoided, the special growth promoting and controlling agent is adopted to grow seedlings of rice, the rice growth promoting and controlling agent contains high-activity growth promoting and controlling factors, large, medium and trace elements, the root system is promoted to be developed, the photosynthetic rate is increased, the effective division is increased, the number of panicle grains is increased, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is increased, the shortened seedling growing interval is controlled, the rice is dwarfed during growing, and thousands of panicle grains are greatly increased, the disease resistance, lodging resistance and premature senility resistance are improved.
(2) The cultivation and planting method of the lodging-resistant rice comprises the following steps of (4): and (3) optimized fertilizer and water management in the seedling stage: in the paddy tillering vigorous period, sufficient paddy rice control promoter is used in a matching way, and according to the planting density, chemical fertilizer is applied for 3-5 times every day, biological fertilizer is applied for 5-8 times, and the interval time of each time is the same; and 5: optimized watering management in the seedling stage; the method has the advantages that the soil humidity is monitored in real time, water is supplemented for 4-6 times every day in sunny days, water is supplemented for 2-4 times every day in rainy days, the soil humidity reaches more than 80% after water is supplemented every time, through the combined setting of the step 4 and the step 5, the fertilizer and the biological fertilizer are added in a seedling raising stage in a mixed mode, stable growth of rice is effectively guaranteed, the method is favorable for the stem growth and the fullness of the rice, the elongation of the internodes of the base part can be controlled, the overall stability of rice plants is improved, the lodging resistance of the plants is enhanced, and the rice yield can be effectively improved in the later stage through timely water supplement of the soil.
(3) The cultivation and planting method of the lodging-resistant rice comprises the following steps of: safe transplanting and planting of rice seedlings: all the surviving seedlings are pulled out with roots, then the seedlings are bundled into a small bundle of seedlings, the seedlings are all transferred into a large paddy field, then the seedlings are stably inserted into the large field again, the insertion distance is kept at 14-18cm after the transplanting, 10-15 kg of silicon fertilizer is applied to each mu of field at the initial stage of the rice jointing, through the setting of the step 7, the silicon fertilizer is added to the rice in time after the transplanting, the stem thickness of the rice is greatly improved, the lodging resistance of the rice is further improved, the transplanting distance is prolonged during the transplanting, the growth space of the rice seedlings is ensured, the photosynthesis efficiency during the rice growth is ensured, and the overall survival rate and the harvest yield of the rice can be improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the attached tables in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to table 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides three technical solutions: a cultivation and planting method of lodging-resistant rice specifically comprises the following embodiments:
example 1
Step 1: basic work before rice cultivation: cleaning and disinfecting all agricultural instruments participating in cultivation and planting by using purified water, wiping the cleaned instruments by using a dry cotton towel, entering a standby state, and starting up and preheating part of the machine;
step 2: preparation of rice seeds and clay before cultivation: selecting rice seeds, soaking the rice seeds for 40 hours, taking out the rice seeds, airing the rice seeds, sterilizing and disinfecting the rice seeds, selecting cohesive soil, preparing nutrient soil by fertilizing, crushing and sieving the soil, preparing human and animal manure as biological fertilizer, piling and sealing the biological fertilizer for 30 days, and then sieving the biological fertilizer;
and step 3: reasonably growing seedlings: adopting a special rice control promoter to carry out seedling raising on rice, uniformly mixing the control promoter in a nutrient solution, and timely adding the control promoter into a cultivation soil fertilizer, wherein the use amount of the control promoter per mu is 10kg, and the distance between seedlings is ensured to be 8 cm;
and 4, step 4: and (3) optimized fertilizer and water management in the seedling emergence stage: in the paddy tillering vigorous period, sufficient paddy rice control promoter is used in a matching way, and according to the planting density, chemical fertilizer is applied for 3 times every day, biological fertilizer is applied for 5 times, and the interval time of each time is the same;
and 5: watering management optimized in the seedling stage; monitoring the soil humidity in real time, supplementing water for 4 times every day in sunny days, supplementing water for 2 times every day in rainy days, wherein the soil humidity reaches more than 80% after water is supplemented every time;
and 6: temperature management in the emergence stage: the cultivation of greenhouse seeds adopts a ventilation cooling method, and when the temperature in the greenhouse is stably raised, a ventilation port of the greenhouse is opened, so that the highest temperature in the greenhouse is kept at 28 ℃;
and 7: safe transplanting and planting of rice seedlings: all the surviving seedlings are pulled out with roots, then the seedlings are bundled into a small bundle of seedlings, the seedlings are all transferred into a large paddy field, then the seedlings are stably inserted into the large paddy field again, the insertion distance is kept at 14cm after the seedlings are transplanted, and 10 kilograms of silicon fertilizer is applied to each mu in the initial stage of rice jointing;
and 8: and (4) observing and recording: and (3) carrying out detailed observation and recording on the subsequent growth condition of the rice, recording the yield per mu after the rice is mature, and storing the recorded data into a database.
Example 2
Step 1: basic work before rice cultivation: cleaning and disinfecting all agricultural instruments participating in cultivation and planting by using purified water, wiping the cleaned instruments by using a dry cotton towel, entering a standby state, and starting up and preheating part of the machine;
step 2: preparation of rice seeds and clay before cultivation: selecting rice seeds, soaking the rice seeds for 40 hours, taking out the rice seeds, airing the rice seeds, sterilizing and disinfecting the rice seeds, selecting cohesive soil, preparing nutrient soil by fertilizing, crushing and sieving the soil, preparing human and animal manure as biological fertilizer, piling and sealing the biological fertilizer for 30 days, and then sieving the biological fertilizer;
and step 3: reasonably growing seedlings: adopting a special rice control promoter to carry out seedling raising on rice, uniformly mixing the control promoter in a nutrient solution, and timely adding the control promoter into a cultivation soil fertilizer, wherein the use amount of the control promoter per mu is 18kg, and the distance between seedlings is ensured to be 10 cm;
and 4, step 4: and (3) optimized fertilizer and water management in the seedling emergence stage: in the paddy tillering vigorous period, sufficient paddy rice control promoting agent is used in a matching way, and according to the planting density, chemical fertilizer is applied for 4 times every day, biological fertilizer is applied for 6 times, and the interval time of each time is the same;
and 5: optimized watering management in the seedling stage; monitoring the soil humidity in real time, supplementing water 5 times every day in sunny days, supplementing water 3 times every day in rainy days, and enabling the soil humidity to reach more than 80% after water is supplemented every time;
step 6: temperature management in the emergence stage: the cultivation of greenhouse seeds adopts a ventilation cooling method, and when the temperature in the greenhouse is stably raised, a ventilation port of the greenhouse is opened, so that the highest temperature in the greenhouse is kept at 30 ℃;
and 7: safe transplanting and planting of rice seedlings: all the surviving seedlings are pulled out with roots, then the seedlings are bundled into a small bundle of seedlings, the seedlings are all transferred into a large paddy field, then the seedlings are stably inserted into the large paddy field again, the insertion distance is kept at 16cm after the seedlings are transplanted, and 113 kilograms of silicon fertilizer is applied to each mu of rice at the initial stage of rice jointing;
and 8: and (4) observing and recording: and (3) carrying out detailed observation and recording on the subsequent growth condition of the rice, recording the yield per mu after the rice is mature, and storing the recorded data into a database.
Example 3
Step 1: basic work before rice cultivation: cleaning and disinfecting all agricultural instruments participating in cultivation and planting by using purified water, wiping the cleaned instruments by using a dry cotton towel, entering a standby state, and starting up and preheating part of the machine;
step 2: preparation of rice seeds and clay before cultivation: selecting rice seeds, soaking the rice seeds for 40 hours, taking out the rice seeds, airing the rice seeds, sterilizing and disinfecting the rice seeds, selecting cohesive soil, preparing nutrient soil by fertilizing, crushing and sieving the soil, preparing human and animal manure as biological fertilizer, piling and sealing the biological fertilizer for 30 days, and then sieving the biological fertilizer;
and step 3: reasonably growing seedlings: adopting a special rice control promoter to carry out seedling raising on rice, uniformly mixing the control promoter in a nutrient solution, and timely adding the control promoter into a cultivation soil fertilizer, wherein the use amount of the control promoter per mu is 25kg, and the distance between seedlings is ensured to be 12 cm;
and 4, step 4: and (3) optimized fertilizer and water management in the seedling emergence stage: in the paddy tillering vigorous period, sufficient paddy rice control promoting agent is used in a matching way, and according to the planting density, the fertilizer is applied for 5 times every day, the biological fertilizer is applied for 8 times, and the interval time of each time is the same;
and 5: optimized watering management in the seedling stage; monitoring the soil humidity in real time, supplementing water for 6 times every day in sunny days, supplementing water for 4 times every day in rainy days, wherein the soil humidity reaches more than 80% after water is supplemented every time;
step 6: temperature management in the emergence stage: the cultivation of greenhouse seeds adopts a ventilation cooling method, and when the temperature in the greenhouse is stably raised, a ventilation port of the greenhouse is opened, so that the highest temperature in the greenhouse is kept at 32 ℃;
and 7: safe transplanting and planting of rice seedlings: all the surviving seedlings are pulled out with roots, then the seedlings are bundled into a small bundle of seedlings, the seedlings are all transferred into a large paddy field, then the seedlings are stably inserted into the large paddy field again, the insertion distance is kept at 18cm after the seedlings are transplanted, and 15 kg of silicon fertilizer is applied to each mu in the initial stage of rice jointing;
and 8: and (4) observing and recording: and (3) carrying out detailed observation and recording on the subsequent growth condition of the rice, recording the yield per mu after the rice is mature, and storing the recorded data into a database.
And those not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of those in the art.
Through the combined arrangement of the step 1 and the step 3, workers can fully clean and disinfect agricultural instruments, so that relatively stable seedling environment can be obtained when the rice is grown, the damage of microorganisms to rice seedlings is avoided, the rice is grown by adopting a special promotion and control agent, the rice promotion and control agent contains high-activity promotion and control factors and large, medium and trace elements, the root system is promoted to be developed, the photosynthetic rate is improved, the effective tillering is increased, the number of grains is increased, the carbon-nitrogen ratio is increased, the vegetative growth is promoted, and the rice is dwarfed during growth because the shortened seedling spacing is controlled, thousands of grains are greatly increased, the capabilities of disease resistance, lodging resistance and premature senility resistance are improved, through the combined arrangement of the step 4 and the step 5, the stable growth of the rice is effectively ensured through the mixed addition of chemical fertilizer and the biological fertilizer application times and the strict control interval time, this kind of way is favorable to the stem stalk growth of rice to be filled, and can control basal portion internode and lengthen, rice plant overall stability has been improved, thereby strengthen the lodging resistance ability of plant, and through the timely moisturizing to soil, just can effectual improvement rice output in later stage, through the setting of step 7, the rice is in time adding silicon fertilizer after transplanting, the stem stalk thickness of rice is increased substantially, thereby further improve the lodging resistance ability of rice, and because transplanting the distance when transplanting is prolonged, the growth space of rice seedling has been guaranteed, thereby photosynthesis efficiency when the rice grows has obtained the assurance, and then can improve holistic survival rate of rice and results output.
Comparative experiment
According to the claim 1, the existing manufacturers can cultivate and plant three types of lodging-resistant rice, after the three types of lodging-resistant rice are harvested, the three types of lodging-resistant rice and common rice are subjected to a comparison experiment of the survival rate and yield of seedling culture, and as shown in the table, the survival rate of seedling culture in the three examples is 94.5% at the lowest, 5% higher than the survival rate of seedling culture in the comparative example, 880kg at the lowest yield per mu in the example and 100kg higher than the yield per mu in the comparative example.
Table 1: table for comparing survival rate of lodging-resistant rice seedlings and yield per mu with comparative example
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A cultivation and planting method of lodging-resistant rice is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: basic work before rice cultivation: cleaning and disinfecting all agricultural instruments participating in cultivation and planting by using purified water, wiping the cleaned instruments by using a dry cotton towel, entering a standby state, and starting up and preheating part of the machine;
step 2: preparation of rice seeds and clay before cultivation: selecting rice seeds, soaking the rice seeds for 40 hours, taking out the rice seeds, airing the rice seeds, sterilizing and disinfecting the rice seeds, selecting cohesive soil, preparing nutrient soil by fertilizing, crushing and sieving the soil, preparing human and animal manure as biological fertilizer, piling and sealing the biological fertilizer for 30 days, and then sieving the biological fertilizer;
and step 3: reasonably growing seedlings: adopting a special rice control promoter to carry out seedling raising on rice, uniformly mixing the control promoter in a nutrient solution, and timely adding the control promoter into a cultivation soil fertilizer, wherein the use amount of the control promoter per mu is 10-25kg, and the distance between seedlings is ensured to be 8-12 cm;
and 4, step 4: and (3) optimized fertilizer and water management in the seedling stage: in the paddy tillering vigorous period, sufficient paddy rice control promoter is used in a matching way, and according to the planting density, chemical fertilizer is applied for 3-5 times every day, biological fertilizer is applied for 5-8 times, and the interval time of each time is the same;
and 5: optimized watering management in the seedling stage; monitoring the soil humidity in real time, and supplementing water for 4-6 times every day in sunny days and 2-4 times every day in rainy days, wherein the soil humidity reaches more than 80% after water is supplemented every time;
step 6: temperature management in the emergence stage: the cultivation of greenhouse seeds adopts a ventilation cooling method, and when the temperature in the greenhouse is stably raised, a ventilation port of the greenhouse is opened to keep the temperature in the greenhouse at 28-32 ℃;
and 7: safe transplanting and planting of rice seedlings: pulling out all the surviving seedlings with roots, then bundling the seedlings into a small bundle of seedlings, transferring the seedlings into a large paddy field, then stably inserting the seedlings into the large paddy field again, keeping the insertion distance between 14 and 18cm after transplanting, and applying 10 to 15 kilograms of silicon fertilizer per mu at the initial stage of jointing of the rice;
and 8: and (4) observing and recording: and (3) carrying out detailed observation and recording on the subsequent growth condition of the rice, recording the yield per mu after the rice is mature, and storing the recorded data into a database.
2. The cultivation and planting method of lodging-resistant rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in step 1, the dry towel for wiping after washing must be sterilized using ultraviolet rays.
3. The cultivation and planting method of lodging-resistant rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 2, rice seeds are firstly selected by a machine and then are manually rechecked.
4. The cultivation and planting method of lodging-resistant rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 3, the accelerating and controlling agent is added into the soil fertilizer in a drip irrigation mode, and the activity of the accelerating and controlling agent is subjected to spot inspection at fixed intervals.
5. The cultivation and planting method of lodging-resistant rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 4, the fertilizer types are paclobutrazol, urea and monopotassium phosphate.
6. The cultivation and planting method of lodging-resistant rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 4, the biological fertilizer is human and animal manure, and the biological fertilizer must be decomposed before use.
7. The cultivation and planting method of lodging-resistant rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 5, the time interval of water supplement is fixed, and the water supplement amount is the same every time.
8. The method for growing and planting lodging-resistant rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step 7, the silicon fertilizer must be uniformly added in the field.
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| KR100795372B1 (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2008-01-17 | 영남대학교 산학협력단 | 7 Lodging-Resistant Rice Plant Transformed Using Novel Rice Functional Gene RAP7 |
| CN102523859A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-04 | 王信 | High-yield planting method for soybean |
| CN103444477A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-18 | 吴洁远 | Super rice strengthening and harm control cultivation method based on prevention and control of diseases, insects, lodging and pollution |
| CN109463229A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-15 | 颍上县恒远种植专业合作社 | A kind of paddy rice planting method |
| CN109729944A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-10 | 常德市农学会 | A kind of anti-down high yield cultivating method of Hybrid Rice |
| CN110663474A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-01-10 | 谢志辉 | Rice planting method |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100795372B1 (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2008-01-17 | 영남대학교 산학협력단 | 7 Lodging-Resistant Rice Plant Transformed Using Novel Rice Functional Gene RAP7 |
| CN102523859A (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-04 | 王信 | High-yield planting method for soybean |
| CN103444477A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2013-12-18 | 吴洁远 | Super rice strengthening and harm control cultivation method based on prevention and control of diseases, insects, lodging and pollution |
| CN109463229A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-15 | 颍上县恒远种植专业合作社 | A kind of paddy rice planting method |
| CN109729944A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-10 | 常德市农学会 | A kind of anti-down high yield cultivating method of Hybrid Rice |
| CN110663474A (en) * | 2019-09-20 | 2020-01-10 | 谢志辉 | Rice planting method |
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