CN109258325B - Alkaloids-blume planting method in alpine region - Google Patents
Alkaloids-blume planting method in alpine region Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting elymus dahuricus in alpine regions, which comprises seed treatment, planting soil treatment, sowing, fertilization, field management and harvesting. The invention adopts potentilla juice, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and rhizobium inoculant as a root-protecting agent to treat the elymus blumei seeds, and the potentilla juice contains active substances for promoting the elymus blumei to rapidly germinate and root, thereby being beneficial to the rapid growth of the elymus blumei; the potentilla chinensis juice contains a small amount of abscisic acid, which is beneficial to increasing the cold resistance of the elymus chinensis; the diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate can sterilize and also can provide auxin for seed germination; the rhizobium inoculant can fix nitrogen elements in the air and provide a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer for host plants. The planting method disclosed by the invention is used for solving the problem of low grass yield in Tibet areas, effectively improving the survival rate and cold resistance of the elymus dahuricus by treating elymus dahuricus seeds, treating planting soil, sowing, fertilizing and managing the field, further improving the yield of the elymus dahuricus, and having good economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pasture planting, and particularly relates to a method for planting elymus dahuricus in alpine regions.
Background
The Tibetan is used in alpine regions in China, the geographical and climatic environments are particularly special, the alpine regions are lack of oxygen, the temperature is low all the year round, frozen soil is not changed all the year round, the plant production capacity is low, and the problem of forage shortage in winter and spring is always faced in the process of developing livestock breeding industries mainly comprising herbivorous animals (yaks, sheep and the like). The Tibetan wild elymus nutans is a native common perennial gramineae high-quality wild grass seed, and has the advantages of rich nutritional value, good palatability, high seed reproductive capacity, strong stress resistance and the like.
The elymus nutans is perennial sparse grass of elymusL, originally a wild species, distributed in Tibetan, northwest and the like in China, has wide adaptability and special cold and drought resistance, is a mass-producing species in the high cold and humid region of the Tibetan plateau with the altitude of 3500 and 4500m, and is a valuable feeding plant. However, due to high altitude, long winter, short frost-free period, short growth period of pasture, low yield of pasture, especially frequent low-temperature snow disasters in winter and spring, the animal husbandry has a long-term vicious circle of 'full in summer, fertile in autumn, thin in winter and dead in spring', which severely restricts the development of the economy of the local animal husbandry, and therefore, a new planting method of the elymus palustris in the high and cold areas is needed to be developed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for planting elymus dahuricus in alpine regions, which solves the problems of short growth period and low grass yield of pasture in Tibet regions in the prior art.
The invention provides a method for planting elymus dahuricus in alpine regions, which comprises the following steps:
s1, seed treatment: selecting high-quality elymus dahurica seeds, firstly wetting the seeds by using potentilla chinensis juice, then standing the seeds in a shade place for 24 hours, and after the standing is finished, mixing the elymus dahurica seeds, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and a rhizobium inoculant according to a ratio of 1000: 1: 10, and then placing the mixture in a cool and dry place for later use;
s2, planting soil treatment: deeply loosening soil in the last ten days of 5 months, then insolating for 5-10 days, applying base fertilizer to the deeply loosened soil after the insolation is finished, and leveling the soil for later use;
wherein the application amount of the base fertilizer is 300-500 kg/mu, and the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 10-20 parts of potentilla slag, 15-20 parts of potassium fulvate and 3-5 parts of borax;
s3, sowing: conventional sowing is carried out in the last ten days of 6 months by adopting a drill sowing or hole sowing mode, the sowing depth is 4-6cm, the surface of the seeds is covered with soil after sowing, and the seeds are watered thoroughly after covering;
wherein the seeding amount of the seeds is 1.5-2.5 kg/mu;
s4, fertilizing: applying urea on the surface of the elymus dahuricus in the jointing stage, wherein the application amount is 25-30 kg/mu;
applying potassium nitrate on the surface of the mantle grass in the booting-flowering period, wherein the application amount is 25-30 kg/mu;
s5, field management: removing weeds after the elymus capsulatus seedlings emerge; irrigating before flower bud differentiation of the Thymus dahurica, and not irrigating after wax ripening period;
s6, harvesting: harvesting when the elymus is grown to 40-60cm, and leaving 5-10cm stubble.
Preferably, the elymus is elymus nutans.
Preferably, the number of effective viable bacteria in the rhizobium inoculant is 100 hundred million/g.
Preferably, the thickness of the soil covering the surface of the seeds in S3 is 1-2 cm.
Preferably, the preparation method of the potentilla juice and the potentilla slag comprises the following steps: mashing potentilla chinensis into mud, adding a potassium phosphate buffer solution with the weight 2 times that of the potentilla chinensis, soaking for 30min, and filtering after soaking to obtain a filtrate, namely the potentilla chinensis juice, and filter residues, namely the potentilla chinensis residues.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, Potentilla chinensis juice, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and rhizobium inoculant are firstly adopted to treat the elymus chinensis seeds, and experiments show that the Potentilla chinensis juice contains active substances for promoting the elymus chinensis to rapidly germinate and root, after the elymus chinensis seeds are sprayed with the Potentilla chinensis juice, the elymus chinensis seeds can germinate in about 3 days, and the root systems are numerous, so that the rapid growth of the elymus chinensis is facilitated;
meanwhile, the ingredients of the potentilla chinensis juice are detected, and a small amount of abscisic acid is contained in the potentilla chinensis juice, and is conveyed to the tip and the lateral buds of the tip of the potentilla chinensis in the growth process of the potentilla chinensis, so that the metabolism of the potentilla chinensis juice is inhibited to a certain degree, the consumption for respiration and growth is reduced, nutrients are also accumulated, when low temperature comes, the protein and starch in the body of the potentilla chinensis are hydrolyzed into soluble amino acid and saccharide under the action of enzyme, the concentration of cell sap is increased, cells are not easy to freeze, and the cold resistance of the potentilla chinensis is favorably improved;
the diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate can sterilize on one hand, and on the other hand, the diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate is matched with the potentilla juice to provide auxin for seed germination so that the seed can quickly germinate and grow after being sown; the rhizobium inoculant can fix nitrogen elements in the air and provide a large amount of nitrogen fertilizer for host plants, so that the growth of elymus is facilitated on one hand, and the use amount of the nitrogen fertilizer is reduced on the other hand.
The method for planting the elymus dahuricus in the alpine region, provided by the invention, can effectively improve the survival rate and the cold resistance of the elymus dahuricus by treating the elymus dahuricus seeds, treating the planting soil, sowing, fertilizing and managing the field, so that the yield of the elymus dahuricus is improved, and the method has good economic benefits.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood and enable those skilled in the art to practice the present invention, the following embodiments are further described, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
It should be noted that the Rhizobium inoculant used in the examples was purchased from Zheng Bai Yi Bio technologies, Inc. The test methods described in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and other materials used are all conventional reagents unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A method for planting elymus dahuricus in alpine regions comprises the following steps:
s1, seed treatment: selecting high-quality elymus nutans seeds, firstly spraying the seeds with potentilla chinensis juice, then standing the seeds in a shade place for 24 hours, and after the standing is finished, mixing the elymus nutans seeds with diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and rhizobium inoculant according to a ratio of 1000: 1: 10, and then placing the mixture in a cool and dry place for later use;
s2, land treatment: deeply loosening soil in the last ten days of 5 months, then insolating for 5 days, applying base fertilizer to the deeply loosened soil after the insolation is finished, and leveling the soil for later use;
the application amount of the base fertilizer is 300 kg/mu, and the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 20 parts of potentilla slag, 20 parts of potassium fulvate and 5 parts of borax;
s3, sowing seeds in the first 6 th of month by conventional sowing through drill sowing or hole sowing, wherein the sowing depth is 5cm, the surface of the seeds is covered with soil after sowing, and the covering thickness is preferably that the seeds cannot be seen; watering thoroughly after seeding;
wherein the seeding amount of the seeds is 1.5 kg/mu;
s4, fertilizing: applying urea on the surface of the elymus nutans in the jointing stage, wherein the application amount is 28 kg/mu;
applying potassium nitrate on the surface of the elymus nutans in the booting-flowering period, wherein the application amount is 25 kg/mu;
s5, field management: removing weeds after the elymus nutans seedlings emerge; irrigating before the flower bud differentiation of the elymus nutans, and not irrigating after the wax ripeness stage;
s6, harvesting: when the elymus nutans grows to 40cm, harvesting and leaving 5cm of stubble.
Example 2
A method for planting elymus dahuricus in alpine regions comprises the following steps:
s1, seed treatment: selecting high-quality elymus nutans seeds, firstly spraying the seeds with potentilla chinensis juice, then standing the seeds in a shade place for 24 hours, and after the standing is finished, mixing the elymus nutans seeds with diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and rhizobium inoculant according to a ratio of 1000: 1: 10, and then placing the mixture in a cool and dry place for later use;
s2, land treatment: deeply loosening soil in the last ten days of 5 months, then insolating for 10 days, applying base fertilizer to the deeply loosened soil after the insolation is finished, and leveling the soil for later use;
the application amount of the base fertilizer is 400 kg/mu, and the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 15 parts of potentilla slag, 18 parts of fulvic acid potassium and 4 parts of borax;
s3, sowing: conventional sowing is carried out in the last ten days of 6 months by drill sowing or hole sowing, the sowing depth is 6cm, the surface of the seeds is covered with soil after sowing, and the covering thickness is preferably that the seeds cannot be seen; watering thoroughly after seeding;
wherein the seeding amount of the seeds is 2.0 kg/mu;
s4, fertilizing: applying urea on the surface of the elymus nutans in the jointing stage, wherein the application amount is 25 kg/mu;
applying potassium nitrate on the surface of the elymus nutans in the booting-flowering period, wherein the application amount is 30 kg/mu;
s5, field management: removing weeds after the elymus nutans seedlings emerge; irrigating before the flower bud differentiation of the elymus nutans, and not irrigating after the wax ripeness stage;
s6, harvesting: when the elymus nutans grows to 50cm, harvesting and leaving 8cm of stubble.
Example 3
A method for planting elymus dahuricus in alpine regions comprises the following steps:
s1, seed treatment: selecting high-quality elymus nutans seeds, firstly spraying the seeds with potentilla chinensis juice, then standing the seeds in a shade place for 24 hours, and after the standing is finished, mixing the elymus nutans seeds with diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and rhizobium inoculant according to a ratio of 1000: 1: 10, and then placing the mixture in a cool and dry place for later use;
s2, land treatment: deeply loosening soil in the last ten days of 5 months, then insolating for 8 days, applying base fertilizer to the deeply loosened soil after the insolation is finished, and leveling the soil for later use;
the application amount of the base fertilizer is 500 kg/mu, and the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 10 parts of potentilla slag, 15 parts of fulvic acid potassium and 3 parts of borax;
s3, sowing: conventional sowing is carried out in the last ten days of 6 months by drill sowing or hole sowing, the sowing depth is 4cm, the surface of the seeds is covered with soil after sowing, and the covering thickness is preferably that the seeds cannot be seen; watering thoroughly after seeding;
wherein the seeding amount of the seeds is 2.5 kg/mu;
s4, fertilizing: applying urea on the surface of the elymus nutans in the jointing stage, wherein the application amount is 30 kg/mu;
applying potassium nitrate on the surface of the elymus nutans in the booting-flowering period, wherein the application amount is 28 kg/mu;
s5, field management: removing weeds after the elymus nutans seedlings emerge; irrigating before the flower bud differentiation of the elymus nutans, and not irrigating after the wax ripeness stage;
s6, harvesting: when the elymus nutans grows to 60cm, harvesting and leaving 10cm of stubble.
It is to be noted that the effective viable count of the rhizobium inoculant is 100 hundred million/g, and the preparation method of the potentilla juice and the potentilla slag comprises the following steps: mashing potentilla chinensis into mud, adding a potassium phosphate buffer solution with the weight 2 times that of the potentilla chinensis, soaking for 30min, and filtering after soaking to obtain a filtrate, namely the potentilla chinensis juice, and filter residues, namely the potentilla chinensis residues.
In order to further illustrate the effect, the invention is also provided with a series of comparative examples, which are specifically as follows:
comparative example 1
The method for planting Elymus nutans is the same as that in example 1, except that the seeds are not treated before planting.
Comparative example 2
The method for planting Elymus nutans is the same as that of example 1, except that the base fertilizer applied in S2 is decomposed livestock and poultry manure.
Examples 1-3 the elymus dahuricus cultivated by the method for planting elymus dahuricus in alpine regions has high survival rate and high yield, and the production performance of the elymus dahuricus cultivated in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 is tested, and the specific results are shown in tables 1-2.
TABLE 1 Germination of Elymus serpyllum
| Item | Time to sprout (Tian) | Percentage of germination (%) | Infection Rate (%) |
| Example 1 | 3.5 | 99.3 | 3.1 |
| Example 2 | 3 | 99.6 | 2.8 |
| Example 3 | 3 | 99.1 | 2.8 |
| Comparative example 1 | 11 | 79.8 | 5.6 |
| Comparative example 2 | 13 | 80.3 | 4.9 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the elymus was planted in examples 1-3, which had a shorter germination time, a higher germination rate, and a lower susceptibility to diseases, compared to the comparative examples.
TABLE 2 Elymus serpyllum yield
| Item | Annual fresh grass yield (kg/hm)2) |
| Example 1 | 4056 |
| Example 2 | 4706 |
| Example 3 | 4253 |
| Comparative example 1 | 2821 |
| Comparative example 2 | 3133 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the annual yield of fresh grass of the elymus was higher for the plants grown in examples 1-3, compared to the comparative examples.
It should be noted that when the present specification refers to numerical ranges, it should be understood that two endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected, and since the steps and methods adopted are the same as those of the embodiments 1 to 3, the present invention describes the preferred embodiments in order to prevent the redundancy, but once the basic inventive concept is known, those skilled in the art can make other changes and modifications to the embodiments. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (4)
1. A method for planting elymus dahuricus in alpine regions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, seed treatment: selecting high-quality elymus dahurica seeds, firstly wetting the seeds by using potentilla chinensis juice, then standing the seeds in a shade place for 24 hours, and after the standing is finished, mixing the elymus dahurica seeds, diethyl aminoethyl hexanoate and a rhizobium inoculant according to a ratio of 1000: 1: 10, and then placing the mixture in a cool and dry place for later use;
the preparation method of the potentilla chinensis juice comprises the following steps: mashing potentilla chinensis into mud, adding a potassium phosphate buffer solution with the weight 2 times that of the potentilla chinensis, soaking for 30min, and filtering after soaking to obtain a filtrate, namely potentilla chinensis juice, wherein filter residues are potentilla chinensis residues;
s2, planting soil treatment: deeply loosening soil in the last ten days of 5 months, then insolating for 5-10 days, applying base fertilizer to the deeply loosened soil after the insolation is finished, and leveling the soil for later use;
wherein the application amount of the base fertilizer is 300-500 kg/mu, and the base fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of decomposed livestock and poultry manure, 10-20 parts of potentilla slag, 15-20 parts of potassium fulvate and 3-5 parts of borax;
s3, sowing: conventional sowing is carried out in the last ten days of 6 months by adopting a drill sowing or hole sowing mode, the sowing depth is 4-6cm, the surface of the seeds is covered with soil after sowing, and the seeds are watered thoroughly after covering;
wherein the seeding amount of the seeds is 1.5-2.5 kg/mu;
s4, fertilizing: applying urea on the surface of the elymus dahuricus in the jointing stage, wherein the application amount is 25-30 kg/mu;
applying potassium nitrate on the surface of the mantle grass in the booting-flowering period, wherein the application amount is 25-30 kg/mu;
s5, field management: removing weeds after the elymus capsulatus seedlings emerge; irrigating before flower bud differentiation of the Thymus dahurica, and not irrigating after wax ripening period;
s6, harvesting: harvesting when the elymus is grown to 40-60cm, and leaving 5-10cm stubble.
2. The method for planting elymus dahuricus in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein the elymus dahuricus is elymus nutans.
3. The method for planting elymus dahuricus in alpine regions according to claim 1, wherein the number of effective viable bacteria in the rhizobium inoculant is 100 hundred million/g.
4. The method for planting the elymus dahuricus in the alpine region according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the soil covering the surface of the seeds in S3 is 1-2 cm.
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| CN101138297B (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2010-05-19 | 西北农林科技大学 | Tibetan wild bazing lyme grass seed artificial breeding method |
| CN106471924A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-03-08 | 滁州隆扬农业科技有限公司 | Corn seed breeding method |
| CN106856972A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-06-20 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Tibet region lyme grass method for cultivating seeds |
| CN107094476A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-08-29 | 蚌埠市涂山村富民石榴专业合作社 | A kind of open country implantation methods of high yield balsam pear |
| CN107118004A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-01 | 黑龙江省科学院大庆分院 | Extremely frigid zones alfalfa cultivation method |
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2018
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