CN1156552C - 紫外线发光二极管器件中产生高发光度、高显色指数白光的单成份荧光粉 - Google Patents
紫外线发光二极管器件中产生高发光度、高显色指数白光的单成份荧光粉 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种白光照明系统,具有一个发射紫外(UV)或X射线的辐射源,还包括吸收UV或X射线而发出白光的荧光材料。荧光材料的组成为A2-2xNa1+xExD2V3O12。A可以是钙、钡、锶或这三种元素的组合体。E可以是铕、镝、钐、铥、铒或这些元素的组合体。D可以是镁或锌或两者的组合体。X值在0.01至0.3的范围,包括0.01和0.3在内。
Description
技术领域
本发明总的说来涉及一种提供白光照明的照明系统。更具体地说,本发明涉及一种采用紫外(UV)或X光发射器件和将UV射线或X射线转换成白光的荧光材料的照明系统。
背景技术
荧光材料吸收电磁波频谱一个区的能量,发射出频谱另一个区的辐射能。一般说来,发出的光子能量比吸收的光子能量低。粉状的荧光材料通常叫做荧光粉,透明固体状的荧光材料通常叫做闪烁体。
大部分有用的荧光粉和闪烁体根据频谱的可见光部分外侧射线的吸收来发射频谱的可见光部分的射线。这样,荧光粉将人眼不敏感的电磁波射线转换成人眼敏感的电磁波射线。大部分荧光粉对电磁波频谱中的高能部分的反应比对频谱的可见光部分的强。因此,有的荧光粉和闪烁体对紫外光(例如荧光灯中的紫外光)、电子(例如阴极射线管中的电子)和X射线(例如X光照相中的X射线)产生反应。
周知的荧光材料有两大类:自激式荧光材料和杂质激活式荧光材料。
自激式荧光材料是一种纯晶体主材料,它吸收高能光子时将电子提升到激活状态、通过发射光子从该激活状态恢复到低能状态。自激式荧光材料由于电子在激活状态或低能状态时其能量范围较宽因而其光谱发射图形宽。因此,受激的电子在从受激状态转入低能状态的过程中以范围相当宽的能量发射光子,发射出的光子的能量与电子发射状态转变前后的具体能量有关。
杂质激活式荧光材料通常是一种非荧光主材料,其中加入了主材料中浓度较低(例如在百万分之200至百万分之1000范围)的激活剂使其变质。然而,为使光的输出达到最佳状况,一些材料需要好几个克分子或原子百分比的活化剂离子。在杂质激活式荧光材料的情况下,活化剂离子可直接吸收入射的光子,或晶格可吸收入射的光子并将所吸收的光子能量传给活化剂离子。
不然,若光子直接被活化剂离子吸收,光子也可以将活化剂离子的电子提升到受激状态。这些电子恢复到其低能状态时发射出荧光光子。
主晶格吸收了入射光子(即激发能)并将其传给活化剂离子时起到增光剂的作用。主晶格还可掺以增光剂原子。增光剂原子直接吸收入射光子或从主晶格吸收入射光子,再将其传给活化剂离子。
一般说来,总希望一个灯发出白光,从而模仿阳光、自然光源。太阳是个黑体辐射体,因而其辐射的发射光谱遵循普朗克方程:E(λ)=Aλ-5/(exp(B/Tc)-1),其中E(λ)是以波长λ发射的光量,Tc是黑体的色温,A和B为常数。随着黑体温度Tc的提高,最高强度发射的波长会减小。因此,随着峰值强度在红光处发射的黑体温度的提高,峰值强度的发射会移向蓝光处。虽然最高强度发射随温度的变化其波长(从而色泽)偏移,但黑体发射出的宽频谱光的颜色还是可看作为白色的。
和黑体辐射体发射出的宽频谱范围的光相比,白光荧光灯发射出的光的波长范围可能只由两三个狭窄的发射谱带组成,各谱带的波长范围很窄。这些狭窄的发射谱带看起来可以成白光,因为通常任何光源的颜色可采用三原色的混合色选配。白光,举例说,可通过混合蓝光和橙光、或蓝、绿和红光、或其它组合产生。
由于任何客观的颜色可以通过其它颜色的组合选配,因而可以在C.I.E.(国际照明委员会)比色图表中用色点坐标X和Y表示任何客观颜色,如图1中所示。颜色和比色图表的C.I.E.技术规范在例如K.H.Butler写的“荧光粉、技术和理论”的教科书(宾夕法尼亚州U.出版社1980年版)第98-107页中有表述,这里把该书内容包括进来,以供参考。任何客观颜色的色点坐标用一个位于用以表示从极红至极紫光谱色的曲线和直接在极红与极紫之间的线条为界的区域内的点表示。图1中,光谱曲线的某些点上以该色点的相应波长(以纳米计)标出。
黑体在各种不同温度下相应的色点以黑体轨迹(BBL)表示。鉴于黑体发射出的颜色被看成白色,而白光通常是一个灯所希望发出的光,因而通常总希望荧光灯荧光材料发出的光的色点坐落在BBL上或BBL附近。图1中示出了BBL的一部分,BBL上突出地标出了好几个色温点。
光源发出的光的白度的另一量度用光源的显色指数(CRI)表示。CRI等于100时表示光源发出的光与黑体光源发出的类似,即白色。
目前,市面上可以买到用发光二极管(LED)加荧光粉提供白色可见光的照明系统。举例说,市面出售的一种系统包括InGaN半导体蓝光发光二极管加上Y3Al5O12-Ce3+(YAG-Ce3+)荧光粉。YAG-Ce3+荧光粉涂在InGaN LED上,LED发出的一部分蓝光由荧光粉转换成黄光,LED的另一部蓝光通过荧光粉发送出去。这样,这种系统既发出蓝光也发出黄光,蓝光从LED发射出来,黄光从荧光粉发射出来。人眼看到的蓝黄混合色的谱带在视觉上呈现白色,其CRI约85左右。色温Tc在大约6000K至大约8000K的范围。白光照明系统较好的色温与具体用途及用户的爱好有关。
然而,掺铈的YAG荧光粉有一些缺点。首先,用蓝光LED激活的掺铈YAG荧光粉系统为使其发出白色的光(即色点在BBL上或BBL附近的光)需要精确控制铈的浓度。其次,蓝光LED/YAG荧光粉系统输出的光的颜色易受荧光层厚度的影响。第三,掺铈的YAG效率低,以UV波长从辐射源激活时黄光的输出量小。
为保持蓝光LED和掺铈YAG荧光粉系统发出白光,必须控制铈的浓度。铈的浓度偏离所要求的浓度会使系统产生的光的颜色偏离白色,这是不希望发生的。铈的浓度是可影响系统产生的光的颜色,但荧光材料的厚度,如下面即将讨论的那样,是更须要考虑的重点,须要小心控制以产生优质的白光。
白光由荧光粉发出的黄光和LED发出的蓝光组成的混合光形成,通过荧粉发送出去。因此,系统输出的颜色极易受荧光材料层厚度的影响。随着厚度的增加,更多的蓝光被荧光粉吸收,而不是通过荧光粉发送出去,于是系统发出的光中从荧光粉发出的黄光份量比通过荧光粉发出的蓝光份量多,使得到的光随着荧光材料层厚度偏离而超出所要求的厚度从而看起来发黄。同样,系统发出的光若荧光层厚度小于所要求的厚度就会发蓝。
此外,掺铈的YAG荧光粉并不能与UV激活作用很好配合工作。具体说,掺铈的YAG荧光粉系统的UV效率差。另外,鉴于LED发出的蓝射线为的是须要发出白光,因而这样的白光是不能用YAG-Ce3+荧光粉和发出UV的ELD输出的。
现有的另一种采用荧光材料的白光照明系统使用的是荧光粉混合料,各荧光粉的发射频带不同。这些不同的发射频带在一起产生出白光照明。这种系统需要一种以上的荧光粉来产生白光照明,制造起来复杂。
发明内容
鉴于上述情况,总希望提供一种得以避免或减少上述问题的照明系统。
按照本发明的第一方面,提供了一种照明系统,其辐射源发出紫外(UV)或X射线,其荧光材料吸收辐射源来的UV或X射线并发出可见光。荧光材料的组成为A2-2XNa1+XEXD2V3O12,其中A至少包括钙、钡和锶中的一种,E至少包括稀土金属铕、镝、钐、铥和铒中的一种,D至少包括镁和锌中的一种,x的值在0.01至0.3(包括0.01和0.3在内)的范围内。
按照本发明的另一个方面,提供了一种将紫外(UV)或X射线的激发射线转换成可见光的方法,该方法以辐射源发出的激发射线照射荧光材料。荧光材料的组成为A2-2XNa1+XEXD2V3O12,其中A至少包括钙、钡和锶中的一种,E至少包括铕、镝、钐、铥和铒中的一种,D至少包括镁和锌中的一种,X的值在0.01至0.3(包括0.01和0.3在内)的范围内。
附图说明
图1是表示黑体轨迹(BBL)的比色图表。
图2是本发明一个实施例的照明系统的示意图。
图3示出了本发明一个实施例的荧光材料的激发光谱。
图4是本发明一个实施例的荧光材料各色点坐标的比色图表。
图5a-5c是本发明一些实施例的LED照明系统的横截面图。
图6是本发明一些实施例的LED照明系统的剖面侧视图。
图7是本发明一个实施例的等离子体显示照明系统的剖面侧视图。
图8是本发明一个实施例的X射线检测系统的剖面侧视图。
具体实施方式
我们总希望提供一种从单一成份的荧光材料提供白光照明的照明系统;也总希望提供一种能提供白光的照明系统,其中活化剂离子的浓度和荧光材料的厚度都无需精确加以控制;还希望提供一种对电磁波频谱的UV和X射线区的激活能可起反应的照明系统。
本发明人认识到,利用最好根据可见光以远的激发射线发出白光的单一成份荧光粉可以减少或解决现有技术的上述问题。这种系统输出的光的颜色不容易受荧光材料厚度变化的影响。
图2示出了本发明一个实施例的照明系统。该照明系统有一个辐射源1。辐射源1可以是例如发光二极管(LED)、灯、激光器、或其它辐射源。辐射源可以是任何能发出激活本发明荧光材料3从而使其发出可见光的射线的辐射源。辐射源发出的射线最好小于400纳米,例如UV或X射线或它们的组合射线。更理想的情况是射线为UV射线。
辐射源1向荧光材料3发射出射线2。荧光材料3吸收起激发作用的UV射线,发出光谱中可见范围的荧光4。
本发明最佳实施例的荧光材料3的组成为A2-2XNa1+XEXD2V3O12,其中A可以包括钙、钡、锶或这三种无素的组合体,E可以包括象铕、镝、钐、铥或铒之类的稀土金属或这些稀土金属的组合体,最好主稀土金属活化剂为Eu。当然,即使Eu为主稀土金属活化剂,它也可以含少量其它的上述稀土离子。D可以包括镁或锌,或它们的组合体。X的值最好在0.03至0.01的范围,包括0.01和0.03在内,即0.01≤X≤0.3。荧光材料3经过合成具有立体榴子石的晶体结构。没有稀土的主结构A2NaD2V3O12是一种自激发材料,它有独特的宽谱发射图形。主吸收一般在小于大约400纳米的波长处发生。尽管本发明人不愿意受主吸收和发射机理的任何特定理论的约束,但本发明人相信主晶格的吸收是由钒酸盐基[VO4]3-引起的。在Ca2NaMg2V3O12主结构和370纳米激发射线的情况下,主结构发射光谱是集中在530纳米左右的宽频带。Eu、Dy、Sm、Tm、和/或Er在引入主结构时起着杂质活化剂的作用。掺有Eu、Dy、Sm、Tm、和/或Er的荧光材料3是提供发光的主结构的自激式材料,同时也是活化杂质发光材料,在主结构内部由杂质活化剂发光。荧光材料3发出的发射光谱既包括从主结构发出的宽带发射,也包括从稀土杂质活化剂发出的相当窄的窄带发射,其中央通常处在比宽带发射的波长更长的波长上。
本发明人相信主结构起着激活剂的作用,它由UV源吸收激活能,并将该能量传递给Eu、Dy、Sm、Tm或Er中任一个的稀土离子,并以光辐射的形式发射出该能量。在Ca2NaMg2V3O12主结构中有Eu的情况下,发出的光有610纳米的明亮红色线状发射光。
图3示出Ca2-2xNa1+xEuxMg2V3O12的370纳米的UV激发的发射光谱,其x值等于0.03。可以相信,峰值中央处在530纳米左右的宽带发射是由主结构发射产生的。610纳米窄得多的红射线和两条较小的伴随线相信是由于Eu活化剂的发射引起的。整个发射光谱横跨可见光范围,从而发射出白光。这个极其匀衡的发射光谱产生白色场,其显色指数(CRI)为87,发光度为每光瓦354流明。此发射光在C.I.E.比色图表上的色坐标(x=0.36,y=0.40)处在对应于4670K色温的BBL附近。
Dy可全部或部分地取代主结构中的Eu。Dy发射的不是红光而是黄光。但和Eu一样,Dy的浓度可以调节得使荧光材料3用UV源1激活时产生白颜色。稀土活化剂还可以包括Sm、Tm或Er。
当荧光材料3中Eu的浓度偏离x=0.03时,荧光材料发出的光的色坐标变化。但有利的是,可以使色坐标大致与BBL一致。换句话说,虽然色坐标在Eu的浓度变化时变化,但即使在不同的色温Tc下,发出来的光通常也仍然是白的。举例说,随着Eu的浓度从0.03增加其色坐标x增加,坐标y略减小,发出来的光虽然色温Tc下降却通常仍然是白的。这样,从单一成份的材料可以得出一系列带白的颜色。
此外,由于本发明的荧光材料的影响自身发射光谱的成份不只一个,因而不难调节荧光材料的组成使得荧光材料发出的光的颜色在Eu浓度变化时仍紧跟BBL,即仍然是白的。图4中显示出这种效果。色坐标(x=0.36,y=0.40)的圆弧对应于0.03的铕浓度。从该圆弧开始的箭头表示色坐标使Eu浓度增加而变化的方向。可以看到箭头通常指向使x增加的方向。在此情况下,可以加Dy使发出的光的颜色更趋近BBL变化,从而使其更白。
此外,还可以改变因主结构引起的发射峰值以补偿Eu浓度的变化,从而使整个发射的颜色仍为白色。因主结构引起的发射峰值可以通过改变主结构的组成,即通过用Ba或Sr全部或部分代替Ca或通过用Zn全部或部分代替Mg加以改变。
本发明的荧光材料只要通过发射荧光射线就可以产生白光,因此本发明发出的光并不强列依赖荧光材料的厚度。这样,本发明比现有技术的系统好,现有技术的系统为产生白光除荧光外还需要起激活作用的辐射源来的光。
荧光材料可包括荧光粉或闪烁剂。荧光粉状的荧光材料可例如用诸如液相(通量)法或固态法之类的任何陶瓷粉料法制取。制造荧光粉的方法最好包括下列步骤。首先,在坩埚或其它适当的容器例如球磨机中将荧光料的各原料混合起来,以形成第一粉料。例如,可以用球磨机将这些原料与ZrO2或用钇加稠的二氧化锆研磨剂混合。较好的荧光粉混合原料有金属成份的氧化物、碳酸盐、氢氧化物、硝酸盐或草酸盐。举例说,要制取Ca2-2XNa1+XEuXMg2V3O12,可以在坩埚或球磨机中将理想配比的碳酸钙(CaCO3)、碳酸钠(NaHCO3)、钒酸铵(NH4VO3或V2O5)、氧化铕(Eu2O3)和碳酸镁(MgCO3,4MgCO3·Mg(OH)2·4H2O)或氧化镁(MgO)混合起来。
接着,在600至1000℃将混合好的第一粉料在加热炉中烧制5和25小时之间的时间。第一粉料中可加入助溶剂以促进烧结过程。烧结过的物料接着加以研磨,以制成第二粉料。第二粉料最好研磨到粒度中等、合乎要求、粒度分布狭窄的程度为止。第二粉料的研磨介质或研磨液最好采用丙醇或水,研磨之后加以干燥。但也可以采用其它研磨介质,例如甲醇等。
接着,将第二粉料涂敷到合乎要求的衬底上,例如涂敷到LED、显示屏或灯泡上。涂敷到衬底上时最好采用第二粉料和液体的悬浮液。悬浮液的溶剂中可以含粘合剂。粘合剂最好在其溶剂中含有机材料,例如硝化纤维,溶剂为例如90-95%级的醋酸丁酯、醋酸戊酯、甲基丙醇或丙二醇醋酸一甲基醚酯连同1-2%的变性乙醇。粘合剂的作用是提高粉料彼此以及与某些衬底的粘合能力。但为简化处理过程,必要时可以不用粘合剂。涂敷之后,使悬浮液干燥,并可加热以进一步使粘合剂蒸发掉。
闪烁剂状的荧光材料可以用任何闪烁剂制造方法制取。举例说,闪烁剂可以用周札尔斯基浮区法制取,也可采用晶体增长法。
图5a-5c、图6和图7示出了本发明照明系统的一些具体实施例。图5a是按本发明一个方面所采用的发光二极管(LED)作为UV源的照明系统。该照明系统包括LED芯片10和与LED芯片电连接的由引线12。由引线12向LED芯片10供应电流,从而使LED芯片10发出射线。LED芯片10发出的射线在电磁波频谱的UV区,射线的波长最好小于400纳米。例如说,LED芯片10以大约370纳米的波长发射。
LED芯片10封装在外壳14中,外壳14将LED芯片和封装材料16封闭起来。封闭材料可以是例如环氧树脂或聚合物材料,例如硅树脂。本发明此实施例的照明系统还包括荧光材料3,毗邻LED芯片10。荧光材料3若为荧光粉则可以例如通过用荧光粉涂敷芯片的发光表面在LED芯片10上形成。荧光材料3若为固体闪烁剂则可以固定入或固定在LED芯片10的发光表面。外壳14和封装料16都应透明以使可见光能通过这些元件发送出去。外壳14可以是例如玻璃或塑料。
荧光材料3被覆着LED芯片10,因而LED芯片发出的UV光入射到荧光材料10上。荧光材料3的组成最好为A2-2XNa1+XEXD2V3O12。A可以包括钙、钡、锶或这三种元素的组合体。E可以包括下列稀土金属的一种或其组合体:铕、镝、钐、铥和铒。D可以包括镁或锌。X的值在0.01至0.3的范围内,包括0.01和0.3在内,即0.01≤x≤0.3。荧光材料3的组成最好取得使荧光材料发出的光如上所述为白光。
图5b示出了图5a的另一实施例。图5b中的元件与图5a中的相同,只是图5b中荧光材料3不是被覆在LED芯片10上而是散布在封装材料16中。图5b中的荧光材料3的组成最好与图5a中材料的一样,即A2-2XNa1+XEXD2V3O12。在图5b的实施例中,荧光材料3可以例如通过将粉状的荧光材料3(荧光粉)与封装材料16混合而分散在封装材料16中。举例说,荧光材料3可以粉状加到聚合物母体中,再对聚合物母体处理使其固化。
图5c示出了图5a的另一个实施例。图5c的实施例与图5a的相同,只是图5c的实施例中荧光材料3不是在LED芯片10上形成而是涂在外壳14上。荧光材料3虽然可以涂在外壳14的外表面上,但最好还是涂在外壳14的内表面上。作为另一种选择,外壳14也可由闪烁剂状的荧光材料3制成。图5c中的荧光材料3的组成最好与图5a中的一样,即A2-2XNa1+XEXD2V3O12。当然,图5a-5c的实施例可以结合起来运用,荧光材料可以设在任两个位置或所有三个位置。
图6是本发明另一个实施例的照明系统,此系统包括荧光灯30。荧光灯30有一个充气的灯管或灯壳32。荧光材料3以荧光粉状在灯管32的内表面上形成。荧光灯30还有多个阴极或气体放电电极36和灯头38。或者,荧光材料3也可以涂在灯管32的外表面上,或涂在充气的分立外套上。灯管32最好由玻璃制成。其他适合的透明材料,例如塑料也可以用。气体,例如汞汽,在电压通过灯头38加到阴极36上时发射出紫外射线。荧光材料3吸收气体发射的UV射线,然后最好发出白光。图6中荧光材料3的组成最好与图5a中的相同,即A2-2XNa1+XEXD2V3O12。
图7是本发明另一个实施例的照明系统,该系统是个等离子体显示器40。等离子体显示器包括透明的显示屏42、不透明的外壳44、气体外套46、气体放电电极阵列48(为简明起见图中只显示出一个电极)和象晶体管之类的控制器件50。荧光材料3可以在气体外套46的内表面或外表面上或在屏幕42的内表面上形成。当控制器件50往电极48上加电压时,电极48在外套46包括的气体中产生局部的等离子体放电。局部的等离子体发出UV射线,被荧光材料3的毗邻部分吸收,于是荧光材料的发光部分通过屏幕42发出白光。通过控制电压加到电极阵列不同电极48的过程,可以在显示屏42上形成图像。
本发明的荧光材料3可用于诸如图8中所示的计算机层析X射线摄影(CT)扫描系统之类的X射线检测系统中。CT扫描系统用以获取人体的横截面图像。在CT扫描系统中,象X射线管41的X射线源在病人43身体上绕圈扫描。X射线检测器42安置在病人43对面,与X射线源同步绕圆周转动。检测器中包含的闪烁剂状的荧光材料3与光电二极管或其它类型的光电探测器光耦合。或者,检测器42所含的荧光材料也可以荧光粉状涂敷在透明的衬底上,与光电二极管或其它类型的光电探测器光耦合。图8中荧光材料3的组成最好和图5a的材料一样,即A2-2XNa1+XEXD2V3O12。
一种Ca1.94Na1.03Eu0.03Mg2V3O12荧光粉可按下列方法制取。将理想配比的氧化物和碳酸盐原料(CaCO3,NaHCO3,NH4VO3,Eu2O3和MgO)用球磨机研磨1小时。将得出的混合料在800℃的空气中烧制10小时,以形成Ca1.94Na1.03Eu0.03Mg2V3O12。荧光粉呈白色。图3中示出了得出的荧光粉在370纳米激发下的荧光光谱。荧光粉的色度坐标为(x=0.36,y=0.40),这相当于BBL附近的CRI为87、Tc=4670K时的白光。荧光粉的发光度为每瓦354流明。
上述最佳实施例是为了举例说明而提出的,本说明书不应视为对本发明范围的限制。因此,在不脱离所要求保护的发明基本原理的精神实质和范围的前提下,本技术领域的行家们可以作出种种修改、改编和提出其它方案。
上面提到的所有文献是作为参考而包括在本说明书中的。
Claims (23)
1.一种照明系统,包括:
一个辐射源,发出紫外光或X射线;和
荧光材料,该荧光材料吸收所述辐射源来的紫外光或X射线而发出可见光,所述荧光材料的组成为A2-2xNa1+xExD2V3O12,
其中,A至少包括钙、钡和锶中的一种,E至少包括铕、镝、钐、铥和铒中的一种,D至少包括镁和锌中的一种,且0.01≤X≤0.3。
2.如权利要求1所述的照明系统,其特征在于,所述辐射源还包括一个紫外光发光二极管,且包括一个封装着该发光二极管的封装材料和一个封闭着封装材料和发光二极管的外壳。
3.如权利要求2所述的照明系统,其特征在于,所述荧光材料为散布在封装材料中的粉末。
4.如权利要求2所述的照明系统,其特征在于,所述荧光材料靠近所述发光二极管。
5.如权利要求2所述的照明系统,其特征在于,所述荧光材料涂敷在外壳上。
6.如权利要求2所述的照明系统,其特征在于,所述辐射源包括一个紫外光发光二极管,且所述荧光材料靠近该发光二极管。
7.如权利要求1所述的照明系统,其特征在于,它包括一个荧光灯,该荧光灯包括:
一个透明的灯管,里面封有电极;和
一个气体辐射源,当电压加到所述电极上时该气体辐射源发出紫外光射线。
8.如权利要求7所述的照明系统,其特征在于,所述荧光材料涂敷在透明灯管的内表面上。
9.如权利要求7所述的照明系统,其特征在于,所述荧光材料涂敷在透明灯管的外表面上。
10.如权利要求1所述的照明系统,其特征在于,它包括一个等离子体显示系统,该显示系统包括:
多个电极;
一个控制器件,往所述多个电极施加电压;
一个显示屏,靠近所述荧光材料,该荧光材料通过显示屏发出可见光;且
所述辐射源含有气体,在电压加到所述多个电极上时所述辐射源发出紫外光射线。
11.如权利要求1所述的照明系统,其特征在于,所述A由钙组成,E由铕组成,D由镁组成。
12.如权利要求2所述的照明系统,其特征在于,所述A由钙组成,E由铕组成,D由镁组成。
13.如权利要求7所述的照明系统,其特征在于,所述A由钙组成,E由铕组成,D由镁组成。
14.如权利要求10所述的照明系统,其特征在于,所述A由钙组成,E由铕组成,D由镁组成。
15.如权利要求1所述的照明系统,其特征在于,所述可见光为白光。
16.如权利要求1所述的照明系统,其特征在于,所述辐射源包括一个紫外光发光二极管,所述可见光为白光。
17.如权利要求1所述的照明系统,其特征在于,所述辐射源包括一个X光光源,荧光材料为闪烁剂,所述照明系统包括一个X射线检测系统,该系统包括一个检测可见光的光电检测器。
18.一种使紫外光或X射线激发射线转换成可见光的方法,包括下列步骤:
将辐射源来的所述激发射线射到荧光材料上,使所述荧光材料发出可见光,该荧光材料的组成为A2-2xNa1+xExD2V3O12,其中A至少包括钙、钡、锶中的一种,E至少包括铕、镝、钐、铥和铒中的一种,D至少包括镁和锌中的一种,且0.01≤X≤0.3。
19.如权利要求18所述的方法,其特征在于,所述A由钙组成,E由铕组成,D由镁组成。
20.如权利要求18所述的方法,其特征在于,所述可见光为白光。
21.如权利要求18所述的方法,其特征在于,所述辐射源包括一个发光二极管,所述荧光材料为该发光二极管上的荧光粉。
22.一种将紫外光或X射线转换成白光的方法,包括下列步骤:
将辐射源来的激发射线照射到单一成份的荧光材料上;和
使单一成份的荧光材料发射出白光,所述单一成份的荧光材料包括组成为A2-2xNa1+xExD2V3O12的荧光粉,其中A至少包括钙、钡、锶中的一种,E至少包括铕、镝、钐、铥和铒中的一种,D至少包括镁和锌中的一种,且0.01≤x≤0.3,所述辐射源为InGaN发光二极管。
23.如权利要求22所述的方法,其特征在于,所述发射出的光的颜色与所述荧光材料的厚度无关。
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US20030067265A1 (en) | 2003-04-10 |
US6853131B2 (en) | 2005-02-08 |
EP1138747A3 (en) | 2003-07-02 |
CN1315484A (zh) | 2001-10-03 |
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