CN115645501A - 一种肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺 - Google Patents
一种肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及中药技术领域,具体涉及肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺。肠生胶囊复方中药制剂由以下原料制成:莱菔子,焦山楂,茯苓,陈皮,淡豆豉,焦山栀,炒麦芽,荸荠粉;所述肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分制备方法包括:加水煎煮提取,每次加水量为代煎煮物的5‑20倍,每次提取时间为15‑25min,提取2‑5次,第一次过滤,浓缩至浸膏,然后干燥、粉碎,获得所述肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分。本发明选择以上八种五种原料,经合理组方、科学配伍,使得各组分在抗菌、抗病毒方面表现出协同作用,能够明显提高肠生胶囊的活性成分发挥功效,提高用于细菌或真菌引起的急慢性肠炎、腹泻等病症的功效发挥,且安全无毒副作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及中药技术领域,具体涉及肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺。
背景技术
目前市面上的肠生胶囊主要用于治疗消化不良引起的腹泻,肠炎,菌痢,脘腹胀满,腹痛,食积乳积,其药理作用高于同类产品:抗腹泻、抗菌、抗病毒、调节胃肠功能四种功能并存。但是其组方中含有朱砂,其作用是镇惊安神,但朱砂中含有汞,汞对人体的危害是很大的,它是一个潜移默化的持续吸收的过程,人体长期接触汞会造成慢性中毒:对人的神经、消化、内分泌系统和肾脏产生危害;神经衰弱的人群可能会引起头痛、头晕、失眠、记忆力衰退、全身乏力等症状;而孕妇和哺乳期的妇女长期接触汞,还可能危害胎儿和婴儿的健康。
发明内容
本发明的目的,是为了解决背景技术中的问题,提供一种安全健康的肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺。
本发明的上述技术目的是通过以下技术方案得以实现的:
一种肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺,该肠生胶囊复方中药制剂由以下原料制成:莱菔子,焦山楂,茯苓,陈皮,淡豆豉,焦山栀,炒麦芽,荸荠粉;
所述肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分制备方法包括:加水煎煮提取,每次加水量为代煎煮物的5-20倍,每次提取时间为15-25min,提取2-5次,过滤,浓缩至浸膏,然后干燥、粉碎,获得所述肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分。
莱菔子,中药名。为十字花科植物萝卜的干燥成熟种子。夏季果实成熟时采割植株,晒干,搓出种子,除去杂质,再晒干。性味辛、甘,平。归经归肺、脾、胃经。用于饮食停滞,脘腹胀痛,大便秘结,积滞泻痢,痰壅喘咳。
焦山楂治腹泻和消积开胃,以及活血散瘀、防暑、降压等功效。生于向阳山坡或山地灌木丛中。性味酸、甘、微温。归经归脾、胃、肝经。功能主治消食健胃,行气散瘀。用于肉食积滞,胃脘胀满,泻痢腹痛,瘀血经闭,产后瘀阻,心腹刺痛,疝气疼痛;高脂血症。焦山楂消食导滞作用增强。用于肉食积滞,泻痢不爽。
茯苓,中药名。为多孔菌科真菌茯苓的干燥菌核。多于7~9月采挖,挖出后除去泥沙,堆置“发汗”后,摊开晾至表面干燥,再“发汗”,反复数次至现皱纹、内部水分大部散失后,阴干,称为“茯苓个”;或将鲜茯苓按不同部位切制,阴干,分别称为“茯苓块”和“茯苓片”。性味味甘、淡,性平。归经归心、肺、脾、肾经。功效利水渗湿,健脾,宁心。主治用于水肿尿少,痰饮眩悸,脾虚食少,便溏泄泻,心神不安,惊悸失眠。
陈皮,中药名。为芸香科植物橘及其栽培变种的干燥成熟果皮。药材分为“陈皮”和“广陈皮”。采摘成熟果实,剥取果皮,晒干或低温干燥。性味味苦、辛,性温。归经归肺、脾经。功效理气健脾,燥湿化痰。主治用于脘腹胀满,食少吐泻,咳嗽痰多。
淡豆豉,中药名。为豆科植物大豆的成熟种子的发酵加工品,其性味苦寒,具有解表,除烦,宣郁,解毒之功效。用于伤寒热病,寒热,头痛,烦躁,胸闷。味苦,性寒。归肺、胃经。
焦山栀是用栀子炮炙而成,其功效有:
焦山栀是种寒性中药,具有凉血活血功效,可用于治疗热性疾病。
炒麦芽是药品,炒麦芽也叫大麦芽、大麦糵、麦糵、大麦毛,主治食积不消,脘腹胀痛,脾虚食少,乳汗郁积,乳房胀痛,妇女断乳。
荸荠粉又叫马蹄粉,纯正的是用生马蹄直接加工而成的,含丰富的维生素B和维生素C、植物蛋白、磷质,有清热去湿解毒的功效。 是莎草根植物荸荠的球茎。主要生长在中国南方。荠粉中含大量的淀粉,加上低聚糖和单糖,占干重的86%以上。淀粉18.8%,蛋白质2.3%,脂肪0.2%,灰分1.6%。多种维生素A、B1、B2、C,和矿物质钙、磷、铁等。除此,还含有一种不耐热的抗菌成分荸荠英,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌等有抑制作用。据《本草纲目》记载,该品具有清心消暑,润肺生津,滋补安神之功效,老少咸宜,四季适用,实乃天然保健佳品。
本发明提供的肠生胶囊的中药组合物,由莱菔子,焦山楂,茯苓,陈皮,淡豆豉,焦山栀,炒麦芽,荸荠粉组成。本发明选择以上八种五种原料,经合理组方、科学配伍,使得各组分在抗菌、抗病毒方面表现出协同作用,能够明显提高肠生胶囊的活性成分发挥功效,提高用于细菌或真菌引起的急慢性肠炎、腹泻等病症的功效发挥,且安全无毒副作用。本发明以出膏率和总黄酮含量为衡量指标,发现水提取过程中的加水量、提取次数、提取时间对制剂的性能有较大影响。
作为优选,所述肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分制备方法包括:加水煎煮,每次加水量为代煎煮物的10倍,每次提取时间为20min,提取3次,过滤,浓缩至浸膏,然后干燥、粉碎,获得所述肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分。
作为优选,所述肠生胶囊复方中药制剂由以下重量份原料制成:
莱菔子40-60份,焦山楂15-25份,茯苓10-18份,陈皮8-12份,淡豆豉5-10份,焦山栀10-12份,炒麦芽6-15份,荸荠粉5-10份。
作为优选,所述煎煮提取为:
S1, 一次提取:加入原料10倍重量的水第一次煎煮提取20min,获得第一次提取液和第一药渣;
S2, 二次提取:收集一次提取后的第一药渣加10倍量的水第二次煎煮提取20min,获得第二次提取液和第二药渣;
S3, 二次提取:收集二次提取后的第二药渣加10倍量水第三次煎煮提取20min,获得第三次提取液和第三药渣;
S4, 合并第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液获得复合提取液。
发明人对水提取过程中的加水量、提取次数、提取时间和药材粉碎程度因素进行考察,以出膏率和总黄酮含量为衡量指标,获得最佳提取工艺。
作为优选,所述粉碎为过40-80目筛。
更优选地,所述粉碎为过50目筛。
作为优选,所述干燥为微波干燥。
作为优选,所述煎煮提取采用的中药提取装置包括煮药桶、转动配合在所述煮药桶内的水层混流机构、固定套设在所述水层混流机构周侧的支撑板、周向阵列在所述支撑板上的放药滤筒;
所述放药滤筒内转动配合有与所述煮药桶内壁啮合的搅拌机构,煮药桶上侧装设有与所述水层混流机构滑动连接的驱动机构;
所述水层混流机构包括转动配合在所述煮药桶内且与所述支撑板和所述驱动机构连接的滤桶、固定装设在所述滤桶内且固定在所述煮药桶内壁上的螺旋搅拌轴;
所述搅拌机构包括转动配合在所述放药滤筒内的搅拌组件、装设在所述放药滤筒上的连接板、转动配合在所述连接板上且与所述搅拌组件和所述煮药桶内壁啮合的第一齿轮、周向阵列在所述煮药桶内壁的多个齿槽;
所述驱动机构包括装设在所述煮药桶上的盖环、装设在所述盖环中心处的驱动电机,所述滤桶上侧开设有多边形孔,且所述驱动电机的输出轴滑动配合在所述多边形孔内;
所述搅拌组件包括转动配合在所述放药滤筒内的转轴、阵列在所述转轴上的多个搅拌杆、装设在所述转轴贯穿所述连接板一端且与所述第一齿轮啮合的第二齿轮。
通过支撑板转动时带动放药滤筒绕滤桶轴线转动使煮药桶内药水穿过放药滤筒的同时,带动第一齿轮和放药滤筒内的搅拌组件转动搅拌放药滤筒内的中药,提高了煮药桶内的中药水提的效果,驱动电机带动滤桶、螺旋搅拌轴和支撑板转动,螺旋搅拌轴转动时将煮药桶下部的吸入滤桶内然后经侧部滤孔排出与煮药桶不同水层高度混合,提高了煮药桶内的药水浓度的均匀度,便于进一步提高中药水提的效果。
优选的,所述滤桶与所述支撑板与所述煮药桶底部内壁之间均有间距,所述煮药桶底部内壁设有垫环,所述支撑板转动配合在所述垫环上方。
优选的,所述支撑板为十字形滤板结构,所述滤桶开口端朝向所述煮药桶底部内壁。
作为优选,将所述复合提取液采用醇沉的工艺富集有效成分,所述复合提取液活性成分在醇溶液中溶解度降低析出沉淀,固液分离后使所述复合提取液得以精制,从而浓缩至浸膏。
作为优选,所述肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分按重量份还包括复合益生菌粉4-8份、纳米包裹的白藜芦醇3-7份和黄精粉0.5-2份;
所述复合益生菌粉包括植物乳杆菌 N13、乳酸片球菌 CCFM7902、嗜酸乳杆菌、长双歧杆菌 BL21和/或两歧双歧杆菌;
纳米包裹的白藜芦醇的制备包括:
S11,将葡萄粉碎,加入复合酶溶液,得到酶解产物,然后加入10-15wt%的碱水提取,得碱水提取液;往碱水提取液中加入乙酸甲酯,搅拌萃取0.4-0.8小时后,静置待分出有机层;
然后用碳酸调节pH至1-2,使白藜芦醇析出,过滤,干燥至恒重,得到白藜芦醇粗品;
S12, 将白藜芦醇粗品用乙醇溶解,过滤,往滤液中加入去离子水,0-1℃冷冻析晶1-2小时,过滤,干燥,得到白藜芦醇纯品;
S13, 将白藜芦醇纯品与聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物按质量比1:6-8混合溶于丁酮中,超声5-8min,室温条件下旋转蒸发制成贴壁薄膜,在40-50℃条件下缓慢旋转水化,微孔滤膜过滤除去未包载的白藜芦醇,制成纳米粒溶液;将所得纳米粒溶液冻干即得纳米包裹的白藜芦醇粉末。
本发明的纳米包裹白藜芦醇不含有其他助剂,聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物(PLGA)为两亲性聚合物,聚乙二醇段不易脱落,水环境中可以覆盖在纳米粒表面,增强纳米粒的亲水性,减少网状内皮系统摄取的速度和程度,延长体内的循环时间,提高生物利用度,进而提高活血抗炎和抗菌性能,尤其是提高了组合物的抗炎抗菌性能。
本发明通过抗炎和调理胃肠道菌群与上述复合提取液获得的有效成分来进行组方。本发明肠生胶囊复方中药制剂吸收快、无毒副作用,具有较高的食用安全性、可长期服用。
更优选地,所述复合酶溶液的具体组成为:纤维素酶、外切葡聚糖酶、乳酸脱氢酶的质量比为3:2:1的质量浓度为7%的水溶液;其中纤维素酶为300U/mg、外切葡聚糖酶为20U/mg、乳酸脱氢酶为6U/mg。
本发明通过配制特定的复合酶溶液,可提高白藜芦醇粗品的提取率和纯度,从而提高纳米包裹的白藜芦醇纯度,从而提高肠生胶囊复方中药制剂的安全性和药效。
作为优选,所述过滤为无机陶瓷膜滤过,所述无机陶瓷膜孔径为300-500nm,操作压差为0.2-0.3Mpa,膜面流速为0.5-1.5m/s。
附图说明
图1是本发明总黄酮含量的测定标准曲线图;
图2是本发明的总黄酮含量各因子水平均值示意图;
图3是本发明本发明一实施例的中药提取装置的立体结构示意图;
图4为本发明一实施例的中药提取装置的剖视图;
图5为本发明一实施例的中药提取装置的滤桶结构示意图。
其中,上述附图包括以下附图标记:
1-煮药桶、3-支撑板、4-放药滤筒、5-滤桶、6-螺旋搅拌轴、7-连接板、8-第一齿轮、9-转轴、10-搅拌杆、11-第二齿轮、12-垫环、13-盖环、14-驱动电机、15-多边形孔。
具体实施方式
以下具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释,其并不是对本发明的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
下面结合附图以实施例对本发明进行详细说明。
实施例1
肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺,该肠生胶囊复方中药制剂由以下原料制成:莱菔子,焦山楂,茯苓,陈皮,淡豆豉,焦山栀,炒麦芽,荸荠粉;
肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分制备方法包括:加水煎煮提取,每次加水量为代煎煮物的5倍,每次提取时间为15min,提取2次,过滤,浓缩至浸膏,然后干燥、粉碎,获得肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分。
肠生胶囊复方中药制剂由以下重量份原料制成:
莱菔子40份,焦山楂15份,茯苓10份,陈皮8份,淡豆豉5份,焦山栀10份,炒麦芽6份,荸荠粉5份。
煎煮提取为:
S1, 一次提取:加入原料5倍重量的水第一次煎煮提取20min,获得第一次提取液和第一药渣;
S2, 二次提取:收集一次提取后的第一药渣加5倍量的水第二次煎煮提取20min,获得第二次提取液和第二药渣;
S3, 二次提取:收集二次提取后的第二药渣加5倍量水第三次煎煮提取20min,获得第三次提取液和第三药渣;
S4, 合并第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液获得复合提取液。
粉碎为过40目筛。干燥为微波干燥。
将复合提取液采用醇沉的工艺富集有效成分,复合提取液活性成分在醇溶液中溶解度降低析出沉淀,固液分离后使复合提取液得以精制,从而浓缩至浸膏。
过滤为无机陶瓷膜滤过,无机陶瓷膜孔径为300-350nm,操作压差为0.2Mpa,膜面流速为0.5m/s。
实施例2
肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺,该肠生胶囊复方中药制剂由以下原料制成:莱菔子,焦山楂,茯苓,陈皮,淡豆豉,焦山栀,炒麦芽,荸荠粉;
肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分制备方法包括:加水煎煮提取,每次加水量为代煎煮物的20倍,每次提取时间为25min,提取5次,过滤,浓缩至浸膏,然后干燥、粉碎,获得肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分。
肠生胶囊复方中药制剂由以下重量份原料制成:
莱菔子60份,焦山楂25份,茯苓8份,陈皮12份,淡豆豉10份,焦山栀12份,炒麦芽15份,荸荠粉5份。
煎煮提取为:
S1, 一次提取:加入原料20倍重量的水第一次煎煮提取20min,获得第一次提取液和第一药渣;
S2, 二次提取:收集一次提取后的第一药渣加20倍量的水第二次煎煮提取20min,获得第二次提取液和第二药渣;
S3, 二次提取:收集二次提取后的第二药渣加20倍量水第三次煎煮提取20min,获得第三次提取液和第三药渣;
S4, 合并第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液获得复合提取液。
粉碎为过80目筛。干燥为微波干燥。
将复合提取液采用醇沉的工艺富集有效成分,复合提取液活性成分在醇溶液中溶解度降低析出沉淀,固液分离后使复合提取液得以精制,从而浓缩至浸膏。
过滤为无机陶瓷膜滤过,无机陶瓷膜孔径为350-400nm,操作压差为0.3Mpa,膜面流速为1.5m/s。
实施例3
肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺,该肠生胶囊复方中药制剂由以下原料制成:莱菔子,焦山楂,茯苓,陈皮,淡豆豉,焦山栀,炒麦芽,荸荠粉;
肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分制备方法包括:加水煎煮,每次加水量为代煎煮物的10倍,每次提取时间为20min,提取3次,过滤,浓缩至浸膏,然后干燥、粉碎,获得肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分。
肠生胶囊复方中药制剂由以下重量份原料制成:
莱菔子50份,焦山楂20份,茯苓15份,陈皮10份,淡豆豉8份,焦山栀11份,炒麦芽10份,荸荠粉8份。
煎煮提取为:
S1, 一次提取:加入原料10倍重量的水第一次煎煮提取20min,获得第一次提取液和第一药渣;
S2, 二次提取:收集一次提取后的第一药渣加10倍量的水第二次煎煮提取20min,获得第二次提取液和第二药渣;
S3, 二次提取:收集二次提取后的第二药渣加10倍量水第三次煎煮提取20min,获得第三次提取液和第三药渣;
S4, 合并第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液获得复合提取液。
粉碎为过50目筛。干燥为微波干燥。
将复合提取液采用醇沉的工艺富集有效成分,复合提取液活性成分在醇溶液中溶解度降低析出沉淀,固液分离后使复合提取液得以精制,从而浓缩至浸膏。
过滤为无机陶瓷膜滤过,无机陶瓷膜孔径为400-500nm,操作压差为0.25Mpa,膜面流速为1m/s。
实施例4
同实施例1,不同的是肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分按重量份还包括复合益生菌粉4份、纳米包裹的白藜芦醇3份和黄精粉2份;
复合益生菌粉包括植物乳杆菌 N13、乳酸片球菌 CCFM7902、嗜酸乳杆菌、长双歧杆菌 BL21;
纳米包裹的白藜芦醇的制备包括:
S11,将葡萄粉碎,加入复合酶溶液,得到酶解产物,然后加入10wt%的碱水提取,得碱水提取液;往碱水提取液中加入乙酸甲酯,搅拌萃取0.4小时后,静置待分出有机层;
然后用碳酸调节pH至1,使白藜芦醇析出,过滤,干燥至恒重,得到白藜芦醇粗品;
S12, 将白藜芦醇粗品用乙醇溶解,过滤,往滤液中加入去离子水,0℃冷冻析晶1小时,过滤,干燥,得到白藜芦醇纯品;
S13, 将白藜芦醇纯品与聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物按质量比1:6混合溶于丁酮中,超声5min,室温条件下旋转蒸发制成贴壁薄膜,在40℃条件下缓慢旋转水化,微孔滤膜过滤除去未包载的白藜芦醇,制成纳米粒溶液;将所得纳米粒溶液冻干即得纳米包裹的白藜芦醇粉末。
实施例5
同实施例2,不同的是肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分按重量份还包括复合益生菌粉8份、纳米包裹的白藜芦醇7份和黄精粉0.5份;
复合益生菌粉包括植物乳杆菌 N13、乳酸片球菌 CCFM7902、嗜酸乳杆菌、两歧双歧杆菌;
纳米包裹的白藜芦醇的制备包括:
S11,将葡萄粉碎,加入复合酶溶液,得到酶解产物,然后加入15wt%的碱水提取,得碱水提取液;往碱水提取液中加入乙酸甲酯,搅拌萃取0.8小时后,静置待分出有机层;
然后用碳酸调节pH至2,使白藜芦醇析出,过滤,干燥至恒重,得到白藜芦醇粗品;
S12, 将白藜芦醇粗品用乙醇溶解,过滤,往滤液中加入去离子水,1℃冷冻析晶2小时,过滤,干燥,得到白藜芦醇纯品;
S13, 将白藜芦醇纯品与聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物按质量比1:8混合溶于丁酮中,超声5-8min,室温条件下旋转蒸发制成贴壁薄膜,在50℃条件下缓慢旋转水化,微孔滤膜过滤除去未包载的白藜芦醇,制成纳米粒溶液;将所得纳米粒溶液冻干即得纳米包裹的白藜芦醇粉末。
实施例6
同实施例3,不同的是肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分按重量份还包括复合益生菌粉5份、纳米包裹的白藜芦醇5份和黄精粉1份;
复合益生菌粉包括植物乳杆菌 N13、乳酸片球菌 CCFM7902、嗜酸乳杆菌、长双歧杆菌 BL21和两歧双歧杆菌;
纳米包裹的白藜芦醇的制备包括:
S11,将葡萄粉碎,加入复合酶溶液,得到酶解产物,然后加入12wt%的碱水提取,得碱水提取液;往碱水提取液中加入乙酸甲酯,搅拌萃取0.6小时后,静置待分出有机层;
复合酶溶液的具体组成为:纤维素酶、外切葡聚糖酶、乳酸脱氢酶的质量比为3:2:1的质量浓度为7%的水溶液;其中纤维素酶为300U/mg、外切葡聚糖酶为20U/mg、乳酸脱氢酶为6U/mg;
然后用碳酸调节pH至1.5,使白藜芦醇析出,过滤,干燥至恒重,得到白藜芦醇粗品;
S12, 将白藜芦醇粗品用乙醇溶解,过滤,往滤液中加入去离子水,0.5℃冷冻析晶1.5小时,过滤,干燥,得到白藜芦醇纯品;
S13, 将白藜芦醇纯品与聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物按质量比1:7混合溶于丁酮中,超声7min,室温条件下旋转蒸发制成贴壁薄膜,在45℃条件下缓慢旋转水化,微孔滤膜过滤除去未包载的白藜芦醇,制成纳米粒溶液;将所得纳米粒溶液冻干即得纳米包裹的白藜芦醇粉末。
请参阅图3-5所示,在本实施例中提供了一种中药水提装置,包括:煮药桶1、转动配合在煮药桶1内的水层混流机构、固定套设在水层混流机构周侧的支撑板3、周向阵列在支撑板3上的放药滤筒4,便于放药滤筒4与水层混流机构同步转动;
放药滤筒4内转动配合有与煮药桶1内壁啮合的搅拌机构,煮药桶1上侧装设有与水层混流机构滑动连接的驱动机构,便于驱动机构驱动水层混流机构和与水层混流机构连接连接的零件转动。
具体的,水层混流机构包括转动配合在煮药桶1内且与支撑板3和驱动机构连接的滤桶5、固定装设在滤桶5内且固定在煮药桶1内壁上的螺旋搅拌轴6,便于螺旋搅拌轴6与滤桶5同步转动将煮药桶1下部的吸入滤桶5内然后经侧部滤孔排出与煮药桶1不同水层高度混合。
具体的,搅拌机构包括转动配合在放药滤筒4内的搅拌组件、装设在放药滤筒4上的连接板7、转动配合在连接板7上且与搅拌组件和煮药桶1内壁啮合的第一齿轮8、周向阵列在煮药桶1内壁的多个齿槽,便于放药滤筒4绕滤桶5轴线转动使煮药桶1内药水穿过放药滤筒4的同时,带动第一齿轮8和放药滤筒4内的搅拌组件转动搅拌放药滤筒4内的中药。
具体的,搅拌组件包括转动配合在放药滤筒4内的转轴9、阵列在转轴9上的多个搅拌杆10、装设在转轴9贯穿连接板7一端且与第一齿轮8啮合的第二齿轮11,便于转轴9转动带动多个搅拌杆10搅拌放药滤筒4内的中药。
具体的,滤桶5与支撑板3与煮药桶1底部内壁之间均有间距,煮药桶1底部内壁设有垫环12,支撑板3转动配合在垫环12上方,便于通过滤桶5与煮药桶1底部内壁之间均有间距使煮药桶1内的药水流入滤桶5内。
具体的,支撑板3为十字形滤板结构,滤桶5开口端朝向煮药桶1底部内壁,便于滤桶5将煮药桶1底部的药水吸入滤桶5内。
具体的,驱动机构包括装设在煮药桶1上的盖环13、装设在盖环13中心处的驱动电机14,盖环13上设有单向出气阀,滤桶5上侧开设有多边形孔15,且驱动电机14的输出轴滑动配合在多边形孔15内,便于盖环13装设在煮药桶1上时,使驱动电机14多边形输出轴插入多边形孔15内与滤桶5连接。
工作原理:
将中药放入放药滤筒4内后,加热煮药桶1,然后开启驱动电机14带动滤桶5、螺旋搅拌轴6和支撑板3转动,螺旋搅拌轴6转动时将煮药桶1下部的吸入滤桶5内然后经侧部滤孔排出与煮药桶1不同水层高度混合,支撑板3转动时带动放药滤筒4绕滤桶5轴线转动使煮药桶1内药水穿过放药滤筒4的同时,带动第一齿轮8和放药滤筒4内的搅拌组件转动搅拌放药滤筒4内的中药,提高了煮药桶1内的药水浓度的均匀度和中药水提的效果。
1.实验材料与方法
2.1药材
莱菔子,焦山楂,茯苓,陈皮,淡豆豉,焦山栀,炒麦芽,荸荠粉,均购于安国药材市场。
2.2实验仪器
紫外-可见光分光光度计、分析天平,烘箱等。
2.3出膏率:量取50ml浓缩液,置已干燥恒重的蒸发皿中,在水浴上蒸至近干,再放置105度烘箱中干燥至恒重。然后称定重量,计算出总的干膏量,以干膏总量与药材量的比乘以100%,即得出膏率。
出膏率(%)=(W×V)/(50×M)×100%(W为出膏质量,M为药材质量,V为样品溶液体积)
2.4总黄酮含量的测定
2.4.1溶液的制备
样品制备: 取烘干的样品15mg,添加至10ml容量瓶中,甲醇定容,离心。
参照品溶液制备: 取芦丁参照品 1.6 毫克,精密称取,置于 10ml容量 瓶中,加甲醇溶解并稀释到刻度,得质量浓度为0. 16mg /ml 的芦丁参照品溶液。
2.4.2标准曲线的绘制
精密称定芦丁参照品溶液 0. 10ml、0. 20ml、 0. 40ml、0. 60ml、0. 80ml、1.00ml 于5 ml容量瓶中,均加甲醇到刻度,摇匀。 以甲醇作为空白试剂参照,在 300~700nm 范围内进行光谱扫描,得357nm 紫外最大吸收峰。以空白试剂为参照,将 6 个标准品溶液分别在最大吸收峰357nm下测定吸光度,得回归方程y=25.416x+0.0118,R2=0.9991,线性良好,芦丁浓度在3mg/l~32mg/l范围线性关系佳。
样品溶液的制备:精密称定复方样品 1. 00ml 置于 10 ml 容量瓶中,均加甲醇到刻度,摇匀。平行测定吸光度3次。
2.5.正交试验
结合文献和预试验, 选用加水量、提取时间、提取次数和粉碎程度作为提取的主要考察因素, 按照L9 (43) 正交表进行正交试验.
2.5.1正交试验因素水平表
表1 因素水平表
2.实验结果及分析
3.1出膏率
3.2正交试验设计及结果表
3.3总黄酮含量各因子水平均值图见图2。
以上实施例以焦山楂和茯苓等药材为主要原料,研究了水提法提取肠生胶囊提取物的提取工艺。由表 3分析出膏率的极差 R 和均值 K可知,提取时间、加水量对出膏率的影响较显著,粉碎程度对出膏率影响不显著。分析总黄酮含量的极差 R 和均值 K可知,提取时间和加水量对总黄酮含量的影响较为显著,粉碎程度对总黄酮含量影响不显著,B> A=D >C,即提取时间 > 加水量 = 粉碎程度 > 提取次数,山楂总黄酮的最佳提取工艺条件为 A2B2C3D3,综合考虑生产需要、实际提取过程中的成本和能耗,因此在实际的生产过程中,确定参数水平为 A2B2C3D3,即加水量为10倍,提取时间为20min,提取次数为 3次,粒度为粉碎(过50目筛)。
同时,发明人发现,实施例4-6的总黄酮含量优于实施例1-3,实施例6的总黄酮含量优于实施例4和5。
Claims (10)
1.一种肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺,其特征在于,该肠生胶囊复方中药制剂由以下原料制成:莱菔子,焦山楂,茯苓,陈皮,淡豆豉,焦山栀,炒麦芽,荸荠粉;
所述肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分制备方法包括:加水煎煮提取,每次加水量为代煎煮物的5-20倍,每次提取时间为15-25min,提取2-5次,第一次过滤,浓缩至浸膏,然后干燥、粉碎,获得所述肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺,其特征在于,所述肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分制备方法包括:加水煎煮,每次加水量为代煎煮物的10倍,每次提取时间为20min,提取3次,过滤,浓缩至浸膏,然后干燥、粉碎,获得所述肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺,其特征在于,所述肠生胶囊复方中药制剂由以下重量份原料制成:
莱菔子40-60份,焦山楂15-25份,茯苓10-18份,陈皮8-12份,淡豆豉5-10份,焦山栀10-12份,炒麦芽6-15份,荸荠粉5-10份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺,其特征在于,所述煎煮提取为:
S1, 一次提取:加入原料10倍重量的水第一次煎煮提取20min,获得第一次提取液和第一药渣;
S2, 二次提取:收集一次提取后的第一药渣加10倍量的水第二次煎煮提取20min,获得第二次提取液和第二药渣;
S3, 二次提取:收集二次提取后的第二药渣加10倍量水第三次煎煮提取20min,获得第三次提取液和第三药渣;
S4, 合并第一次提取液、第二次提取液和第三次提取液获得复合提取液。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺,其特征在于,所述粉碎为过40-80目筛。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺,其特征在于,将所述复合提取液采用醇沉的工艺富集有效成分,所述复合提取液活性成分在醇溶液中溶解度降低析出沉淀,固液分离后使所述复合提取液得以精制,从而浓缩至浸膏。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺,其特征在于,所述肠生胶囊复方中药制剂成分按重量份还包括复合益生菌粉4-8份、纳米包裹的白藜芦醇3-7份和黄精粉0.5-2份;
所述复合益生菌粉包括植物乳杆菌 N13、乳酸片球菌 CCFM7902、嗜酸乳杆菌、长双歧杆菌 BL21和/或两歧双歧杆菌;
纳米包裹的白藜芦醇的制备包括:
S11,将葡萄粉碎,加入复合酶溶液,得到酶解产物,然后加入10-15wt%的碱水提取,得碱水提取液;往碱水提取液中加入乙酸甲酯,搅拌萃取0.4-0.8小时后,静置待分出有机层;
然后用碳酸调节pH至1-2,使白藜芦醇析出,第二次过滤,干燥至恒重,得到白藜芦醇粗品;
S12, 将白藜芦醇粗品用乙醇溶解,过滤,往滤液中加入去离子水,0-1℃冷冻析晶1-2小时,过滤,干燥,得到白藜芦醇纯品;
S13, 将白藜芦醇纯品与聚乳酸-羟基乙酸共聚物按质量比1:6-8混合溶于丁酮中,超声5-8min,室温条件下旋转蒸发制成贴壁薄膜,在40-50℃条件下缓慢旋转水化,微孔滤膜过滤除去未包载的白藜芦醇,制成纳米粒溶液;将所得纳米粒溶液冻干即得纳米包裹的白藜芦醇粉末。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺,其特征在于,所述第一次过滤和第二次过滤均为无机陶瓷膜滤过,所述无机陶瓷膜孔径为300-500nm,操作压差为0.2-0.3Mpa,膜面流速为0.5-1.5m/s。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺,其特征在于,所述复合酶溶液的具体组成为:纤维素酶、外切葡聚糖酶、乳酸脱氢酶的质量比为3:2:1的质量浓度为7%的水溶液;其中纤维素酶为300U/mg、外切葡聚糖酶为20U/mg、乳酸脱氢酶为6U/mg。
10.根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的一种肠生胶囊复方中药制剂提取工艺,所述煎煮提取采用的中药提取装置包括煮药桶(1)、转动配合在所述煮药桶(1)内的水层混流机构、固定套设在所述水层混流机构周侧的支撑板(3)、周向阵列在所述支撑板(3)上的放药滤筒(4);
所述放药滤筒(4)内转动配合有与所述煮药桶(1)内壁啮合的搅拌机构,煮药桶(1)上侧装设有与所述水层混流机构滑动连接的驱动机构;
所述水层混流机构包括转动配合在所述煮药桶(1)内且与所述支撑板(3)和所述驱动机构连接的滤桶(5)、固定装设在所述滤桶(5)内且固定在所述煮药桶(1)内壁上的螺旋搅拌轴(6);
所述搅拌机构包括转动配合在所述放药滤筒(4)内的搅拌组件、装设在所述放药滤筒(4)上的连接板(7)、转动配合在所述连接板(7)上且与所述搅拌组件和所述煮药桶(1)内壁啮合的第一齿轮(8)、周向阵列在所述煮药桶(1)内壁的多个齿槽;
所述搅拌组件包括转动配合在所述放药滤筒(4)内的转轴(9)、阵列在所述转轴(9)上的多个搅拌杆(10)、装设在所述转轴(9)贯穿所述连接板(7)一端且与所述第一齿轮(8)啮合的第二齿轮(11);
所述驱动机构包括装设在所述煮药桶(1)上的盖环(13)、装设在所述盖环(13)中心处的驱动电机(14),所述滤桶(5)上侧开设有多边形孔(15),且所述驱动电机(14)的输出轴滑动配合在所述多边形孔(15)内。
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