CN115430405A - 一种修饰锆基mof吸附剂及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
一种修饰锆基mof吸附剂及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种修饰锆基MOF吸附剂及其制备方法与应用,属于复合材料技术领域。本发明以N,N'‑(4‑羧基‑吡啶‑2,6‑二基)二吡啶酰胺修饰锆基MOF吸附剂,即将2,6‑二氨基吡啶与2‑氰基吡啶‑4‑甲酸生成有机接头(前驱体N,N'‑(4‑羧基‑吡啶‑2,6‑二基)二吡啶酰胺),并将该接头接枝到ZrCl4上,形成修饰锆基MOF吸附剂;修饰锆基MOF吸附剂用于高效回收吸附溶液中的铅离子。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种修饰锆基MOF吸附剂及其制备方法与应用,属于复合材料技术领域。
背景技术
铅离子进入人体后很难清除,直接损害人体脑细胞,主要造成损害对神经、造血系统和肾脏,引起贫血、脑缺氧、脑水肿、运动和感觉异常。因此,必须从水环境中去除铅离子。
目前,去除废水中铅离子最常用的技术有沉淀法、电解法、溶剂萃取法、生物处理法和吸附法。由于其简单、灵活、无毒副产物、环境友好、通用性强、易再生等特点,吸附已成为许多重金属去除的重要技术。吸附剂的选择是吸附的基本组成部分。传统吸附剂有活性炭、纳米颗粒吸附剂、生物吸附剂和壳聚糖等,但其再生效率低,处理后的水质难以满足循环利用要求,价格高,选择性吸附能力差,限制了它们的应用。
近年来,微孔固体—金属有机框架(MOFs),由于其协调的孔结构、巨大的表面积、温和的合成条件,在各个领域得到了广泛的应用。同时,MOFs作为吸附剂消除水污染正在深入研究,已发现MOFs可从废水中去除铅离子。然而,大多数MOF的结构稳定性较差,并且对铅离子的吸附选择性较差。
发明内容
本发明针对现有MOFs吸附铅离子的吸附选择性较差和吸附剂结构稳定性差等问题,提出了一种修饰锆基MOF吸附剂及其制备方法与应用,即将2,6-二氨基吡啶与2-氰基吡啶-4-甲酸生成有机接头(前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺),并将该接头接枝到ZrCl4上,形成修饰锆基MOF吸附剂;修饰锆基MOF吸附剂用于高效回收吸附溶液中的铅离子,具有较高的吸附选择性能,并且可重复使用。
一种修饰锆基MOF吸附剂,以N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺修饰锆基MOF吸附剂,其结构式为:
所述修饰锆基MOF吸附剂的方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将2,6-二氨基吡啶与2-氰基吡啶-4-甲酸加入到四氢呋喃溶剂中,搅拌溶解得到溶液A,溶液A在温度60~65℃下回流反应1.5~3h,然后加入SnCl4溶液继续回流反应4~4.5h,冷却至室温,干燥即得前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺,记为前驱体CCAD;
(2)将前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺和ZrCl4溶解至N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,加入浓盐酸,在温度120~125℃下回流反应70~72h,冷却至室温,固液分离,固体经N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和无水乙醇洗涤、浸泡,真空干燥即得N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺修饰锆基MOF吸附剂;
所述步骤(1)2,6-二氨基吡啶与2-氰基吡啶-4-甲酸的摩尔比为1:1.5~2。
所述步骤(1)溶液A中2,6-二氨基吡啶的质量浓度为1.6~1.8g/mL。
所述SnCl4溶液为市售产品,SnCl4溶液与溶液A的体积比为1:100~110。
所述步骤(2)前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺与ZrCl4的质量比为1:1.0~1.2。
所述步骤(2)浓盐酸的浓度为36~38wt%,前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺与浓盐酸的固液比g:mL为1.1:0.5~0.6,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺与浓盐酸的体积比为150:1.0~2.0。
所述修饰锆基MOF吸附剂用于吸附溶液中铅离子。
修饰锆基MOF吸附剂的总体合成路线为
修饰锆基MOF吸附剂选择性高效吸附铅离子的机理:前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺中的含氮官能团与铅离子发生静电作用和螯合反应。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明将2,6-二氨基吡啶与2-氰基吡啶-4-甲酸生成有机接头(前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺),并将该接头接枝到ZrCl4上形成的修饰锆基MOF吸附剂,可从溶液中高效吸附去除铅离子;
(2)由于有机框架材料具有大的比表面积,易于改性,易于解吸的特点,本发明修饰锆基MOF吸附剂无毒无害,易分离回收,可重复使用。
附图说明
图1为实施例1修饰锆基MOF吸附剂的EDS图;
图2为实施例1修饰锆基MOF吸附剂的XRD图;
图3为实施例1修饰锆基MOF吸附剂的FT-IR图;
图4为实施例1修饰锆基MOF吸附剂吸附铅离子前后的XPS图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明,但本发明的保护范围并不限于所述内容。
实施例1:修饰锆基MOF吸附剂的方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将2,6-二氨基吡啶与2-氰基吡啶-4-甲酸加入到四氢呋喃溶剂中,搅拌溶解得到溶液A,溶液A在温度60℃下回流反应1.5h,然后加入市售的SnCl4溶液继续回流反应4h,冷却至室温,干燥即得前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺,记为前驱体CCAD;其中2,6-二氨基吡啶与2-氰基吡啶-4-甲酸的摩尔比为1:1.5,溶液A中2,6-二氨基吡啶的质量浓度为1.6g/mL,SnCl4溶液与溶液A的体积比为1:100;反应方程式如下:
(2)将前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺(CCAD)和ZrCl4溶解至N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,加入浓盐酸,在温度120℃下回流反应72h,冷却至室温,固液分离,固体经N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和无水乙醇洗涤、浸泡,真空干燥即得N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺修饰锆基MOF吸附剂,记为MOF-DCCA;其中前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺与ZrCl4的质量比为1:1.0,浓盐酸的浓度为36wt%,前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺与浓盐酸的固液比g:mL为1.1:0.5,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺与浓盐酸的体积比为150:1.0;反应方程式如下:
本实施例产品修饰锆基MOF吸附剂的EDS图(见图1),XRD图(见图2),FT-IR图(见图3),从EDS图可知,本实施例合成的锆基MOF吸附剂主要由元素C、N、O和Zr组成,C、N、O和Zr的重量百分比分别为53.28%、4.35%、32.27%和10.1%;FT-IR图中,在1652.62cm-1处有Zr和-COOH的组合峰谱,表明有机配体CCAD和ZrCl4结合成功;XRD谱图中在2θ=6.5°附近有Zr4 +的特征衍射峰;以上表征结果证实锆基MOF吸附剂成功合成;
对吸附铅离子前后的吸附材料进行XPS分析(见图4),吸附后MOF-CCAD的谱图中出现了Pb4f的特征峰,证实了Pb(Ⅱ)离子被MOF-CCAD吸附。
吸附铅离子性能测定:
室温下将MOF-DCCA(40mg)和Pb(II)溶液(pH 5,40mL,100mg/L)加入50mL离心管中,并在振荡机下以200rpm振荡速度振荡20h;离心分离吸附剂并取得上清液,用ICP-OES测定上清液中剩余铅离子浓度为1.8mg/L,计算得到铅的吸附率为98.02%,吸附剂用由2mL浓盐酸和10%硫脲组成的解吸溶液(40mL)洗脱20小时,用ICP-OES测定上清液中剩余铅离子浓度为97.8mg/L,计算得到解脱率为97.8%;离心后,吸附剂用蒸馏水洗涤,直到溶液呈中性即可完成吸附剂MOF-DCCA的再生。
实施例2:修饰锆基MOF吸附剂的方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将2,6-二氨基吡啶与2-氰基吡啶-4-甲酸加入到四氢呋喃溶剂中,搅拌溶解得到溶液A,溶液A在温度62℃下回流反应2.0h,然后加入市售的SnCl4溶液继续回流反应4.2h,冷却至室温,干燥即得前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺,记为前驱体CCAD;其中2,6-二氨基吡啶与2-氰基吡啶-4-甲酸的摩尔比为1:1.8,溶液A中2,6-二氨基吡啶的质量浓度为1.7g/mL,SnCl4溶液与溶液A的体积比为1:105;
(2)将前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺(CCAD)和ZrCl4溶解至N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,加入浓盐酸,在温度122℃下回流反应70h,冷却至室温,固液分离,固体经N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和无水乙醇洗涤、浸泡,真空干燥即得N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺修饰锆基MOF吸附剂,记为MOF-DCCA;其中前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺与ZrCl4的质量比为1:1.1,浓盐酸的浓度为37wt%,前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺与浓盐酸的固液比g:mL为1.1:0.55,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺与浓盐酸的体积比为150:1.5;
吸附铅离子性能测定:
室温下将MOF-DCCA(40mg)和Pb(II)溶液(pH 5,40mL,100mg/L)加入50mL离心管中,并在振荡机下以200rpm振荡速度振荡20h;离心分离吸附剂并取得上清液,用ICP-OES测定上清液中剩余铅离子浓度为5.3mg/L,计算得到铅的吸附率为94.7%,吸附剂用由2mL浓盐酸和10%硫脲组成的解吸溶液(40mL)洗脱20小时,用ICP-OES测定上清液中剩余铅离子浓度为89.7mg/L,计算得到解脱率为89.7%;离心后,吸附剂用蒸馏水洗涤,直到溶液呈中性即可完成吸附剂MOF-DCCA的再生。
实施例3:修饰锆基MOF吸附剂的方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)将2,6-二氨基吡啶与2-氰基吡啶-4-甲酸加入到四氢呋喃溶剂中,搅拌溶解得到溶液A,溶液A在温度65℃下回流反应2.8h,然后加入市售的SnCl4溶液继续回流反应4.5h,冷却至室温,干燥即得前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺,记为前驱体CCAD;其中2,6-二氨基吡啶与2-氰基吡啶-4-甲酸的摩尔比为1:2.0,溶液A中2,6-二氨基吡啶的质量浓度为1.8g/mL,SnCl4溶液与溶液A的体积比为1:110;
(2)将前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺(CCAD)和ZrCl4溶解至N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,加入浓盐酸,在温度125℃下回流反应70h,冷却至室温,固液分离,固体经N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和无水乙醇洗涤、浸泡,真空干燥即得N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺修饰锆基MOF吸附剂,记为MOF-DCCA;其中前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺与ZrCl4的质量比为1:1.2,浓盐酸的浓度为36wt%,前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺与浓盐酸的固液比g:mL为1.1:0.6,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺与浓盐酸的体积比为150:2.0;
吸附铅离子性能测定:
室温下将MOF-DCCA(40mg)和Pb(II)溶液(pH 5,40mL,100mg/L)加入50mL离心管中,并在振荡机下以200rpm振荡速度振荡20h;离心分离吸附剂并取得上清液,用ICP-OES测定上清液中剩余铅离子浓度为7.8mg/L,计算得到铅的吸附率为92.2%,吸附剂用由2mL浓盐酸和10%硫脲组成的解吸溶液(40mL)洗脱20小时,用ICP-OES测定上清液中剩余铅离子浓度为87.5mg/L,计算得到解脱率为87.5%;离心后,吸附剂用蒸馏水洗涤,直到溶液呈中性即可完成吸附剂MOF-DCCA的再生。
以上对本发明的具体实施方式作了详细说明,但是本发明并不限于上述实施方式,在本领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内,还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。
Claims (8)
2.权利要求1所述修饰锆基MOF吸附剂的方法,其特征在于:具体步骤如下:
(1)将2,6-二氨基吡啶与2-氰基吡啶-4-甲酸加入到四氢呋喃溶剂中,搅拌溶解得到溶液A,溶液A在温度60~65℃下回流反应1.5~3h,然后加入SnCl4溶液继续回流反应4~4.5h,冷却至室温,干燥即得前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺;
(2)将前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺和ZrCl4溶解至N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中,加入浓盐酸,在温度120~125℃下回流反应70~72h,冷却至室温,固液分离,固体经N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和无水乙醇洗涤、浸泡,真空干燥即得N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺修饰锆基MOF吸附剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述修饰锆基MOF吸附剂的方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)2,6-二氨基吡啶与2-氰基吡啶-4-甲酸的摩尔比为1:1.5~2。
4.根据权利要求2所述修饰锆基MOF吸附剂的方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)溶液A中2,6-二氨基吡啶的质量浓度为1.6~1.8g/mL。
5.根据权利要求2所述修饰锆基MOF吸附剂的方法,其特征在于:SnCl4溶液与溶液A的体积比为1:100~110。
6.根据权利要求2所述修饰锆基MOF吸附剂的方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺与ZrCl4的质量比为1:1~1.2。
7.根据权利要求1所述修饰锆基MOF吸附剂的方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)浓盐酸的浓度为36~38wt%,前驱体N,N'-(4-羧基-吡啶-2,6-二基)二吡啶酰胺与浓盐酸的固液比g:mL为1.1:0.5~0.6,N,N-二甲基甲酰胺与浓盐酸的体积比为150:1.0~2.0。。
8.权利要求1所述修饰锆基MOF吸附剂用于吸附溶液中铅离子。
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