CN115381861A - 一种菌菇营养液的提取方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种菌菇营养液的提取方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115381861A CN115381861A CN202210715003.8A CN202210715003A CN115381861A CN 115381861 A CN115381861 A CN 115381861A CN 202210715003 A CN202210715003 A CN 202210715003A CN 115381861 A CN115381861 A CN 115381861A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- mushroom
- nutrient solution
- extraction
- enzymolysis
- mushroom nutrient
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 28
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 28
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 claims description 15
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 claims description 15
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010001817 Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010019160 Pancreatin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010093305 exopolygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940055695 pancreatin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010038851 tannase Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 23
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 17
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 6
- 240000006499 Flammulina velutipes Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000016640 Flammulina velutipes Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 240000000599 Lentinula edodes Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000251953 Agaricus brunnescens Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000000588 Hericium erinaceus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007328 Hericium erinaceus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000168667 Pholiota nameko Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000014528 Pholiota nameko Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000252132 Pleurotus eryngii Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000001681 Pleurotus eryngii Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000318836 Pleurotus nebrodensis Species 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000222532 Agrocybe Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000045069 Agrocybe aegerita Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008121 Agrocybe aegerita Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000222455 Boletus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000726811 Carpinus betulus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010084185 Cellulases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000005575 Cellulases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000222511 Coprinus Species 0.000 description 1
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical compound [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004278 EU approved seasoning Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- SSISHJJTAXXQAX-ZETCQYMHSA-N L-ergothioneine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)[C@H](C([O-])=O)CC1=CNC(=S)N1 SSISHJJTAXXQAX-ZETCQYMHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000001715 Lentinula edodes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000222351 Pleurotus cornucopiae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000001462 Pleurotus ostreatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000001603 Pleurotus ostreatus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940025131 amylases Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940093497 ergothioneine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010812 external standard method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001723 extracellular space Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000703 high-speed centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010977 jade Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYQNWZOUAUKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzone Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1OCC1=CC=CC=C1 VYQNWZOUAUKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- OQUKIQWCVTZJAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1 OQUKIQWCVTZJAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L31/00—Edible extracts or preparations of fungi; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L29/00—Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L29/06—Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/96—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution
- A61K8/97—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing materials, or derivatives thereof of undetermined constitution from algae, fungi, lichens or plants; from derivatives thereof
- A61K8/9728—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/08—Anti-ageing preparations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/028—Flow sheets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/13—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving cleaning, e.g. washing or peeling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/15—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving mechanical treatment, e.g. chopping up, cutting or grinding
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/17—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving drying, e.g. sun-drying or wilting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/19—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving fermentation using yeast, bacteria or both; enzymatic treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/51—Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/53—Liquid-solid separation, e.g. centrifugation, sedimentation or crystallization
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
本申请涉及植物提取技术领域。本发明提供了一种菌菇营养液的提取方法,提取过程为:(1)前处理:对菌菇清洗、干燥、粉碎、预蒸煮;(2)酶解提取;(3)过滤;(4)真空浓缩。通过控制各个过程的工艺参数,利用体系的协同作用,充分溶出菌菇中的有效成分,以快速、高效地制备出一种总多糖和总氨基酸含量高的菌菇营养液,并提高营养液的色泽和稳定性;此方法制备的菌菇营养液由于有效物质含量高可用于医药和保健品中,作为药物有效成分提高免疫能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及植物提取技术领域,A61K36/06,具体涉及一种菌菇营养液的提取方法及其应用。
背景技术
菌菇在中国已有数千年的使用历史,其同时作为一种食物和药用真菌而闻名。菌菇内富含多糖、蛋白质、氨基酸、麦角硫因、多肽、多酚类物质、黄酮类物质和矿物质等,菌菇多糖的主要活性有抗炎、抗衰老、抗氧化、调节免疫、抗癌、抗肿瘤等,可用于医药和保健食品,以降低胆固醇,增强免疫系统,抑制癌症、细菌和病毒的感染。
菌菇中大多生物活性成分存在于细胞内,少量存在于细胞间隙;有关菌菇中多糖和氨基酸的提取主要以水提醇沉法为主,已经适用于工业化生产,但提取效率低且需要花费大量的时间,产品纯化困难且活性损失较大。现有的其他提取方法中,提取效率仍然有待提升,而且有些助溶剂的加入及代谢副产物的大量溶出会破坏所提取物质色泽的纯正及提取液的稳定性。因此,探索更为高效、可靠的提取方法对菌菇提取液的研究开发具有重要现实意义。
CN114190540A公开了一种香菇提取物的制备方法,以香菇和水为原料,得到香菇液,采用三步酶解法,将酶解产物离心超滤后,向酶解产物中,加入维生素和氨基酸进行梯度美拉德反应;对三个酶解梯度的酶解pH、温度、纤维素酶添加量、酶解时间做出了限定,以制备出能显著改善产品风味,增加产品鲜味,赋予产品更加丰富的香气及类肉风味的香菇提取物。但是此过程中需要进行三个梯度的酶解工艺,耗费时间长,操作条件要求严格,造成酶失活的机率和可能性增大。
CN108968029A公开了一种生物酶解香菇提取物及其制备方法,采用多种酶复配后进行两步酶解,其制备的香菇提取物富含氨基酸、小分子多肽、呈味核苷酸二钠等成分,可作为食品、调味品及食品用香精中热反应的反应基料;但是植物细胞破壁只采用酶解技术,植物细胞壁破除不完全,部分有效物质不能完全溶出。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供了一种菌菇营养液的提取方法,提取过程为:
(1)前处理:对菌菇清洗、干燥、粉碎、预蒸煮;
(2)酶解提取;
(3)过滤;
(4)真空浓缩。
所述菌菇包括但不限于平菇(boletus ostrea)、金针菇(Enoki fungus)、杏鲍菇(Pleurotus eryngii)、白玉菇(Alba jade fungorum)、茶树菇(Agrocybe chaxinggu)、双孢菇(Agaricus bisporus)、香菇(Lentinus edodes)、滑子菇(pholiota nameko)、猴头菇(Hericium erinaceus)、白灵菇(Pleurotus nebrodensis)、姬菇(Pleurotus ostreatus)、草菇(Volvanriella volvacea)、鸡腿菇(Coprinus comatus)等。
所述前处理过程中,采用0.1wt.%柠檬酸水溶液和0.05wt.%抗坏血酸水溶液的混合液清洗菌菇以保护菌菇颜色,混合溶液中两者的质量比为1:1。
真空干燥后,将菌菇经粉碎机破碎、过筛,过筛后菌菇粉料目数为20-100目。
优选地,过筛后菌菇粉料目数为60目。
将破碎后的菌菇粉料放入蒸煮设备中进行蒸煮,蒸煮温度为60-90℃,保温时间为1-3h。
优选地,所述蒸煮温度为80℃,保温时间为2h。
所述酶解提取过程为:将蒸煮后的菌菇粉料与水以一定质量比混合,置于冰箱中冷冻处理后取出,加入酶进行酶解,破除菌菇细胞壁,调节体系pH,水浴并超声;提取结束后将水浴锅温度调至90℃以上,灭酶。
所述酶解提取中菌菇粉料与水的重量比为1:10-1:30。
进一步地,所述菌菇粉料与水的重量比为1:15-1:25。
优选地,所述菌菇粉料与水的重量比为1:20。
所述酶解提取中采用纤维素酶、果胶酶、胰酶、淀粉酶、蛋白酶、丹宁酶、内切木聚糖酶中的一种或几种的组合。
菌菇内多糖和氨基酸等物质都存在于细胞内,菌菇细胞壁成为了这些物质溶出的的主要屏障,利用多种酶水解菌菇细胞壁,在提取的同时还有一定的纯化分解作用,与多糖相连的蛋白组织断裂,多糖结构进一步暴露,并且使用不同的酶会对菌菇营养液中多糖含量、结构及组成产生影响。
优选地,所述酶解提取中采用淀粉酶和纤维素酶的复配。
进一步地,所述淀粉酶和纤维素酶的重量比为2:1-1:3。本申请意外发现,当淀粉酶和纤维素酶的重量比为1:1.3时,菌菇中总多糖和氨基酸的提取率最高,在所制备出的菌菇营养液中总氨基酸量为4005mg/L,总多糖含量为营养液总重的0.95%,另外其营养液色泽纯正明亮,稳定性好,经储存后无固体颗粒和絮凝现象。
按质量份计,所述酶解提取中酶的添加量为菌菇粉料、水和酶总量的0.05%-0.5%。
当酶添加量过少时,菌菇细胞壁的纤维素破坏不充分,菌菇内部有效物质不能完全溶出,降低菌菇营养液中多糖和氨基酸的提取率;通过控制酶的添加量,以更充分地溶出菌菇内的多糖和氨基酸。
优选地,所述酶解提取中酶的添加量为菌菇粉料、水和酶总量的0.35%。
所述酶解提取中,酶解pH为3-4.5,酶解时间为1-2.5h,酶解温度为35-55℃。
酶解体系环境pH过高或过低都会造成酶活力降低甚至是失活,导致酶与底物结合效率减弱,使得酶解效率降低。酶解时间过短,菌菇细胞壁破坏不完全,多糖和氨基酸不能完全释放,随酶解时间增加,菌菇细胞壁被逐渐破坏,底物酶不断消耗使酶解幅度减慢,为了提高生产效率,控制酶解时间在1-2.5h。温度过低时,酶活性不会被完全激活,而且多糖和氨基酸溶出受限,温度过高可能会导致酶结构产生变化而使其活性降低或失活,高温也会使多糖降解,以上都会降低所制备的菌菇营养液中多糖和氨基酸含量及纯度。
进一步地,所述酶解提取中,酶解pH为3-4.5,酶解时间为1.5-2h,酶解温度为45-50℃。
特别地,本申请发现当所述酶提取的酶解pH为4,酶解时间为1.5h,酶解温度为45℃,在此酶解环境下,酶活性最高,能够充分分解菌菇细胞壁和其他底物,使菌菇内有效成分充分溶出,所制备的菌菇营养液中其总多糖和总氨基酸含量最高,营养液色泽纯正,稳定性好。
酶解完成后冷却,过滤产物并高速离心处理,收集上清液,进行真空浓缩。
所述真空浓缩中,浓缩压力为0.1MPa-0.4MPa,浓缩温度为45-65℃。
传统浓缩方法中采用的蒸发温度过高,不仅浪费能源,还会使营养液中的很多成分发生氧化、分解等反应,通过控制浓缩温度和压力,依靠两者的协同作用进行压缩,以保护菌菇营养液中的有效成分,提升菌菇营养液的色泽和稳定性。尤其是,当浓缩压力为0.8MPa,浓缩温度为80℃时,所制备的营养液有效物质含量低,其颜色较深、发暗,储存后会出现固体颗粒,猜测是在相对较高的温度和压力下,营养液的多糖组分中糖苷键发生断裂,氨基酸组分也发生氧化和水解反应。
有益效果:
通过控制各个过程的工艺参数,利用体系的协同作用,充分溶出菌菇中的有效成分,以快速、高效地制备出一种总多糖和总氨基酸含量高的菌菇营养液,并且此营养液具有极佳的色泽和稳定性,可用于医药和保健品中,作为药物有效成分提高免疫能力,也可用于化妆品中发挥抗氧化和抗衰老作用。
具体实施方式
实施例
实施例1:
一种菌菇营养液的提取方法,提取过程如下:
(1)前处理:将菌菇清洗、干燥、粉碎、预蒸煮;
所述菌菇为金针菇,对金针菇进行挑选和清洗,清洗液为0.1wt.%柠檬酸水溶液和0.05wt.%抗坏血酸水溶液以质量比为1:1的混合液;
在55℃下真空干燥4h,将干燥后的金针菇放入粉碎机破碎,过筛,过筛后菌菇粉料目数为60目;
将粉碎后的金针菇原料放入蒸煮设备中,金针菇原料与蒸煮水质量比为1:100,加热,蒸煮温度为80℃,保温时间为2h。
(2)酶解提取;
将蒸煮后的金针菇原料与水以1:20的质量比混合,置于-20℃冰箱中冷冻处理后取出,加入淀粉酶和纤维素酶,淀粉酶和纤维素酶重量比为1:1.3,加入量为金针菇原料、水和酶总重的0.35%,调节pH至4,45℃下水浴并超声1.5h,超声功率为120W;提取结束后将水浴锅温度调至95℃灭酶10分钟。
(3)过滤;
酶解完成后冷却,采用100目和10微米滤网分步过滤后高速离心,收集上清液。
(4)真空浓缩。
将上清液放入真空浓缩设备进行浓缩,浓缩压力为0.4MPa,温度为55℃,浓缩前后体积比为5:1,即得营养液。
纤维素酶(CAS#:9012-54-8)和淀粉酶(CAS#:9000-92-4)均购自夏盛(北京)生物科技有限公司,型号分别为FFG-0666和FDY-2216。
实施例2:
一种菌菇营养液的提取方法,提取过程如下:
(2)前处理:将菌菇清洗、干燥、粉碎、预蒸煮;
所述菌菇为金针菇,对金针菇进行挑选和清洗,清洗液为0.1wt.%柠檬酸水溶液和0.05wt.%抗坏血酸水溶液以质量比为1:1的混合液;
在55℃下真空干燥4h,将干燥后的金针菇放入粉碎机破碎,过筛,过筛后菌菇粉料目数为20目;
将粉碎后的金针菇原料放入蒸煮设备中,金针菇原料与蒸煮水质量比为1:100,加热,蒸煮温度为60℃,保温时间为2h。
(2)酶解提取;
将蒸煮后的金针菇原料与水以1:30的质量比混合,置于-20℃冰箱中冷冻处理后取出,加入淀粉酶和纤维素酶,淀粉酶和纤维素酶重量比为2:1,加入量为金针菇原料、水和酶总重的0.5%,调节pH至3,55℃下水浴并超声2.5h,超声功率为120W;提取结束后将水浴锅温度调至95℃灭酶10分钟。
(3)过滤;
酶解完成后冷却,采用100目和10微米滤网分步过滤后高速离心,收集上清液。
(4)真空浓缩。
将上清液放入真空浓缩设备进行浓缩,浓缩压力为0.2MPa,温度为65℃,浓缩前后体积比为5:1,即得营养液。
实施例3:
一种菌菇营养液的提取方法,提取过程如下:
(1)前处理:将菌菇清洗、干燥、粉碎、预蒸煮;
所述菌菇为金针菇,对金针菇进行挑选和清洗,清洗液为0.1wt.%柠檬酸水溶液和0.05wt.%抗坏血酸水溶液以质量比为1:1的混合液;
在55℃下真空干燥4h,将干燥后的金针菇放入粉碎机破碎,过筛,过筛后菌菇粉料目数为100目;
将粉碎后的金针菇原料放入蒸煮设备中,金针菇原料与蒸煮水质量比为1:100,加热,蒸煮温度为90℃,保温时间为1h。
(2)酶解提取;
将蒸煮后的金针菇原料与水以1:10的质量比混合,置于-20℃冰箱中冷冻处理后取出,加入淀粉酶和纤维素酶,淀粉酶和纤维素酶重量比为1:3,加入量为金针菇原料、水和酶总重的0.1%,调节pH至4.5,35℃下水浴并超声1h,超声功率为120W;提取结束后将水浴锅温度调至95℃灭酶10分钟。
(3)过滤;
酶解完成后冷却,采用100目和10微米滤网分步过滤后高速离心,收集上清液。
(4)真空浓缩。
将上清液放入真空浓缩设备进行浓缩,浓缩压力为0.3MPa,温度为45℃,浓缩前后体积比为5:1,即得营养液。
对比例1
所述酶解提取过程中,淀粉酶和纤维素酶重量比为3:1,其他参数和过程与实施例1一致。
对比例2
所述酶解提取过程中,酶解温度为65℃,其他参数和过程与实施例1一致。
对比例3
所述酶解提取过程中,酶解pH为6,其他参数和过程与实施例1一致。
对比例4
所述真空浓缩过程中,浓缩压力为0.8MPa,温度为80℃,其他参数和过程与实施例1一致。
性能测试方法
1.总多糖测量:采用苯酚-硫酸比色法,以硫酸、苯酚作为显色剂,与金针菇多糖发生显色反应,在490nm波长处测定吸光度,再通过测定的葡萄糖标准曲线计算求得金针菇营养液中的多糖质量含量。
2.总氨基酸量:采用LC-MS外标法测试,方法检出限为10mg/kg。
3.储存后状态:在5℃下密封存放1个月,观察表面有无固体颗粒或絮凝现象。
性能测试结果
Claims (10)
1.一种菌菇营养液的提取方法,其特征在于,提取过程为:
(1)前处理:对菌菇清洗、干燥、粉碎、预蒸煮;
(2)酶解提取;
(3)过滤;
(4)真空浓缩。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种菌菇营养液的提取方法,其特征在于,所述前处理中,采用0.1wt.%柠檬酸水溶液和0.05wt.%抗坏血酸水溶液的混合液清洗菌菇,菌菇破碎后过筛,过筛后菌菇粉料目数为20-100目,蒸煮温度为60-90℃,保温时间为1-3h。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种菌菇营养液的提取方法,其特征在于,所述酶解提取中菌菇粉料与水的重量比为1:10-1:30。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种菌菇营养液的提取方法,其特征在于,所述酶解提取中采用纤维素酶、果胶酶、胰酶、淀粉酶、蛋白酶、丹宁酶、内切木聚糖酶中的一种或几种的组合。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种菌菇营养液的提取方法,其特征在于,所述酶解提取中采用淀粉酶和纤维素酶的复配。
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种菌菇营养液的提取方法,其特征在于,所述淀粉酶和纤维素酶的重量比为2:1-1:3。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种菌菇营养液的提取方法,其特征在于,按质量份计,所述酶解提取中酶的添加量为菌菇粉料、水和酶总量的0.05%-0.5%。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种菌菇营养液的提取方法,其特征在于,所述酶解提取中,酶解pH为3-4.5,酶解时间为1-2.5h,酶解温度为35-55℃。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种菌菇营养液的提取方法,其特征在于,所述真空浓缩中,浓缩压力为0.1MPa-0.4MPa,浓缩温度为45-65℃。
10.根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的一种菌菇营养液的应用,其特征在于,所述菌菇营养液可用于提高免疫能力的医药和保健品中。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210715003.8A CN115381861B (zh) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | 一种菌菇营养液的提取方法及其应用 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210715003.8A CN115381861B (zh) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | 一种菌菇营养液的提取方法及其应用 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN115381861A true CN115381861A (zh) | 2022-11-25 |
CN115381861B CN115381861B (zh) | 2024-03-22 |
Family
ID=84115820
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210715003.8A Active CN115381861B (zh) | 2022-06-22 | 2022-06-22 | 一种菌菇营养液的提取方法及其应用 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN115381861B (zh) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104187586A (zh) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-12-10 | 宁波北仑锐晟明杰生物科技发展有限公司 | 猴头菇多菇粉及其制备方法 |
CN104187584A (zh) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-12-10 | 绍兴上虞宏晟技术转让服务有限公司 | 食用菌多菇粉产品及其制备方法 |
CN105294868A (zh) * | 2014-06-24 | 2016-02-03 | 上海冠生园天厨调味品有限公司 | 一种菌菇多糖的提取方法及重菇高汤精制备方法 |
CN106361958A (zh) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 广西中科群源农林科技有限公司 | 一种天门冬抗菌提取液的制备方法 |
CN114560959A (zh) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-05-31 | 湖南朗林生物科技有限公司 | 一种菌菇类提取物的制备方法 |
-
2022
- 2022-06-22 CN CN202210715003.8A patent/CN115381861B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105294868A (zh) * | 2014-06-24 | 2016-02-03 | 上海冠生园天厨调味品有限公司 | 一种菌菇多糖的提取方法及重菇高汤精制备方法 |
CN104187586A (zh) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-12-10 | 宁波北仑锐晟明杰生物科技发展有限公司 | 猴头菇多菇粉及其制备方法 |
CN104187584A (zh) * | 2014-07-18 | 2014-12-10 | 绍兴上虞宏晟技术转让服务有限公司 | 食用菌多菇粉产品及其制备方法 |
CN106361958A (zh) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 广西中科群源农林科技有限公司 | 一种天门冬抗菌提取液的制备方法 |
CN114560959A (zh) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-05-31 | 湖南朗林生物科技有限公司 | 一种菌菇类提取物的制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
李平作, 孙希雯: "金针菇多糖及氨基酸发酵饮品的生产工艺", 冷饮与速冻食品工业, no. 03, pages 1 - 2 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN115381861B (zh) | 2024-03-22 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN107858393B (zh) | 一种从核桃粕中提取蛋白多肽的方法 | |
CN102321189B (zh) | 一种木耳多糖的综合提取工艺 | |
CN102160644B (zh) | 从金丝小枣枣泥中制备金丝小枣酵素的方法 | |
US20220080333A1 (en) | Ultrasonic composite acidic water extraction method for cordyceps polysaccharide and cordycepin in cordyceps militaris | |
CN104757252B (zh) | 一种具有抗氧化活性的灰树花蛋白酶解物的制备方法 | |
CN101469338A (zh) | 北虫草多肽的酶解制备方法与产品 | |
CN107267571A (zh) | 一种米糠多糖的提取方法 | |
JP2008228676A (ja) | キノコから効率的にβグルカンを抽出する方法 | |
CN106108003A (zh) | 一种富含稀有人参皂苷Rh2黑参的制备方法 | |
CN111387489B (zh) | 一种乳酸菌燕窝制品及其制备方法 | |
CN111587974B (zh) | 一种饮料 | |
CN1045472C (zh) | 酶法提取香菇中多糖蛋白及制造多糖蛋白胶囊的技术 | |
CN105341825A (zh) | 一种黑枸杞山楂果酱及其制备方法 | |
CN115381861B (zh) | 一种菌菇营养液的提取方法及其应用 | |
CN103614301B (zh) | 产水解酶的黑曲霉及其在制备香菇酶解物中的应用 | |
CN104350947B (zh) | 一种利用高硒食用菌提取富硒食用菌浸出液的方法 | |
JP2001327263A (ja) | キノコ類の成分の抽出方法 | |
CN109160947B (zh) | 一种螺旋藻藻蓝蛋白的制备方法及其应用 | |
JP2908356B2 (ja) | 菌糸体含有培地からの有用成分の抽出方法 | |
CN105725084B (zh) | 利用麦芽根粉制备低嘌呤脱脂大豆粉的生产方法 | |
CN104824768A (zh) | 一种食用菌饮料的制备方法 | |
CN1261565C (zh) | 玉米超氧化物歧化酶提取方法 | |
CN111345398A (zh) | 一种利用酵母提取物制备饲料添加剂的方法 | |
KR102241141B1 (ko) | 버섯균사체를 이용한 양파 가공식품 및 그 가공방법 | |
CN115399192B (zh) | 一种利用红衣补血口服液药渣生产蛹虫草菌质的方法及其应用 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |