CN115377372B - 一种高容量压实型锰酸锂正极材料制备 - Google Patents
一种高容量压实型锰酸锂正极材料制备 Download PDFInfo
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- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2] PPNAOCWZXJOHFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Mn]=O VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium pentoxide Chemical compound O=[Nb](=O)O[Nb](=O)=O ZKATWMILCYLAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- GEYXPJBPASPPLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Mn]O[Mn]=O GEYXPJBPASPPLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 102220043159 rs587780996 Human genes 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- LQKOJSSIKZIEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Mn+2].[Mn+2].[Mn+2].[Mn+2] LQKOJSSIKZIEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002552 Fe K Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910005503 Li1.05 Mn2 O4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KVGMATYUUPJFQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Mn++].[Mn++].[Mn++] KVGMATYUUPJFQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102220042174 rs141655687 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102220076495 rs200649587 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102220190691 rs201046901 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
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- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种采用自制掺杂四氧化三锰制备包覆改性锰酸锂正极材料的方法,属于电池正极材料制备技术领域.包括以下步骤:(1)四氧化三锰的掺杂制备处理;(2)前驱体的制备(原料混合包覆干燥);(3)一次低温煅烧;(4)颗粒整形处理。本发明在四氧化三锰制备阶段就引入掺杂元素,实现后续制成品电压、克容量的提升;同时,减少了后期混料烧结中掺杂元素与锂的混排,提升锰酸锂材料的循环性能;原料混合中,首先引入乳化分散剂,减少材料颗粒的团聚和长大;其次引入压实型添加剂,改善制备材料晶粒的表面锐度,提高材料在电池极片中的压实密度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电池正极材料制备技术领域,具体一种高容量压实型锰酸锂正极材料制备。
背景技术
随着社会的发展,低碳环保成为全球的发展趋势,锂离子电池作为新一代可再生绿色环保的化学能源已成为时代的焦点。尖晶石锰酸锂作为一款锂电池正极材料具有较高的功率、能量密度、原料来源丰富、成本低廉、安全性高以及对环境友好等许多优点,适合应用在低端数码、电动工具和电动车电池领域。但目前的市售锰酸锂因为较差的循环性能和较低的克容量,导致该材料的应用领域一直难以开拓。究其原因:1、受原材料品质和产能的限制;2、技术研发还需做更深入的研究。
本专利的技术正是在此背景下进行的开发,提高锰酸锂的克容量、简化锰酸锂的生产工艺、降低锰酸锂的制备成本。
发明内容
本发明希望提供一种高容量压实型锰酸锂正极材料制备,具体方案如下:
一种高容量压实型锰酸锂正极材料制备,包括如下步骤:
(1)四氧化三锰的制备,采用钴盐业的锰废液,首先加入活性锰粉置换除去铜杂质元素,再调节溶液pH值,采用硫化钠和氟化钠进一步除去Ca、Zn、Hg、Pb杂质元素;其次加入适量双氧水部分氧化;引入掺杂元素的氢氧化物或硫酸盐,采用氢氧化钠调节溶液pH值至9,搅拌沉淀,洗涤过滤,闪蒸干燥,采用回转窑在900℃下烧结2-4小时,破碎分级制得高品质的四氧化三锰;
(2)包覆前驱体的制备:采用步骤(1)所述四氧化三锰与锂源湿法混合,引入有机乳化分散剂和压实型添加剂,采用喷雾干燥法进行干燥处理制备;
(3)采用680℃-780℃温度,恒温烧结10-18个小时;
(4)对烧结物料进行破碎、分级、检测、包装得到正极材料;
所述正极材料的化学式为:(LiaMbMncO4)(Nb2O5)0.004,其中M为掺杂元素可以是Ni+0、Ni+Mg或Ni+Al三种方式,其中1.05≥a≥1.0,b+c=2,0.25≥b≥0;Nb2O5为压实型添加剂。
所述步骤(2)中有机乳化分散剂采用蔗糖+聚乙二醇或蔗糖+聚乙烯醇的复合剂。
所述糖和醇的质量比为3-5。
所述有机乳化分散剂的添加量为四氧化三锰质量的3%。
所述步骤(2)中砂磨混料控制浆料粒度D50=6-8μm。
所述步骤(3)采用空气气氛炉,空气气氛炉的侧方和底部通气,设定空气流量1.5-2.5m3/h。
所述步骤(4)对烧结物料进行对辊破碎,气流粉碎到既定粒度。
既定粒度为D50=10-14μm。
本发明具有如下优点:
1.采用废锰液自制四氧化三锰作为锰源,且由于采用废锰液,本发明需要将废锰液进行除杂,否则该锰源无法生产出合格的产品。在四氧化三锰的制备中引入掺杂元素(掺杂镍、铝等元素提高材料的克容量,改善材料循环和倍率性能),在后期原料共混时,减少了掺杂元素混合不均导致与锂混排;
2.在前驱体的制备环节采用湿法混料和喷雾干燥处理,并引入乳化分散和改善压实的包覆剂,采用共包覆的协同效应改善制备锰酸锂的形貌和颗粒大小,同时乳化分散剂(蔗糖+聚乙二醇或蔗糖+聚乙烯醇的复合)也对制备锰酸锂起到造孔的作用,进而提高材料的压实和电化学性能;
3.采用低温一次烧结,简化烧结工艺,降低了生产能耗。
本发明在四氧化三锰制备阶段就引入掺杂元素,实现后续制成品电压、克容量的提升;同时,减少了后期混料烧结中掺杂元素与锂的混排,提升锰酸锂材料的循环性能;原料混合中,首先引入乳化分散剂,减少材料颗粒的团聚和长大;其次引入压实型添加剂,改善制备材料晶粒的表面锐度,提高材料在电池极片中的压实密度。
附图说明
图1为正极材料实施例1的锰酸锂颗粒电镜图;
图2为正极材料实施例1的锰酸锂充放电曲线图;
图3为正极材料实施例1的锰酸锂电池倍率放电图;
图4为正极材料实施例1的锰酸锂粒度图;
图5为正极材料实施例2的锰酸锂颗粒电镜图。
具体实施方式
四氧化三锰实施例1
采用钴盐业的锰废液,首先加入活性锰粉置换除去铜杂质元素,再调节溶液pH=4
值,采用硫化钠和氟化钠进一步除去Ca、Zn、Hg、Pb杂质元素;其次加入适量双氧水部分氧
化;采用氢氧化钠调节溶液pH值至9左右,搅拌沉淀,洗涤过滤,闪蒸干燥,采用回转窑在900
℃下烧结4小时,破碎分级制得高品质的四氧化三锰制得粒度约为D10=2μm、D50=6μm、D90=
11μm、D97=16μm,比表面积约为:1.0m2/g,振实密度约为:2.3g/cm3,杂质元素含量测试:
杂质元素 | Na | Ca | Fe | K | Zn | Pb | Cr | Cu | SO4 2- |
专利≤ppm | 50 | 100 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 800 |
四氧化三锰实施例2
采用钴盐业的锰废液,首先加入活性锰粉置换除去铜杂质元素,再调节溶液pH=3.5值,采用硫化钠和氟化钠进一步除去Ca、Zn、Hg、Pb杂质元素;其次加入适量双氧水部分氧化;引入掺杂元素硫酸镍,采用氢氧化钠调节溶液pH值至9.5左右,搅拌沉淀,洗涤过滤,闪蒸干燥,采用回转窑在920℃下烧结2小时,破碎分级制得高品质的四氧化三锰制得粒度约为D10=2.5μm、D50=6.6μm、D90=12μm、D97=17μm,比表面积约为:0.9m2/g,振实密度约为:2.4g/cm3。
四氧化三锰实施例3
采用钴盐业的锰废液,首先加入活性锰粉置换除去铜杂质元素,再调节溶液pH=4值,采用硫化钠和氟化钠进一步除去Ca、Zn、Hg、Pb杂质元素;其次加入适量双氧水部分氧化;引入掺杂元素的氢氧化物或硫酸镍,采用氢氧化钠调节溶液pH值至9.5左右,搅拌沉淀,洗涤过滤,闪蒸干燥,采用回转窑在920℃下烧结4小时,破碎分级制得高品质的四氧化三锰制得粒度约为D10=2μm、D50=6.5μm、D90=12.5μm、D97=18μm,比表面积约为:1.0m2/g,振实密度约为:2.45g/cm3。
正极材料实施例1(采用四氧化三锰实施例1制备得到的四氧化三锰)
制备化学式(Li1.05Mn2O4)(Nb2O5)0.004。采用无掺杂自制四氧化三锰(锰主含量约71.2%)250g,根据化学式计量引入电池级碳酸锂,加入蔗糖+聚乙二醇复合剂(糖醇比为3)7.5g、1.5g五氧化二铌,以固含55%,进行砂磨水混(浆料粒度D50=8μm),120℃条件下喷雾干燥制得锰酸锂前驱体,在恒温760℃下,通空气(气流量2m3/h)烧结10小时,破碎分级,制得粒度约为D10=5μm、D50=14μm、D90=29μm、D97=38μm。电性能检测:正极片配方采用活性物质:导电剂:粘结剂=8:1:1,以金属锂片为负极片,制备R2032型电池测试,采用蓝电LAND测试仪,在充到4.2V放到3.0V的充放制度下,进行检测:1C放电克容量为122.0mAh/g,极片压实密度:3.2g/cm3
正极材料实施例2(采用四氧化三锰实施例2制备得到的四氧化三锰)
制备化学式(Li1.05Ni0.15Mn1.85O4)(Nb2O5)0.004。采用掺杂Ni元素自制四氧化三锰(锰主含量约71%)250克,根据化学式计量引入电池级碳酸锂,加入蔗糖+聚乙二醇复合剂(糖醇比为4)7.5克、1.5克五氧化二铌,以固含55%,进行砂磨水混(浆料粒度D50=8μm),120°条件下喷雾干燥制得锰酸锂前驱体,在恒温720°下,通空气(气流量2m3/h)烧结16小时,破碎分级,制得粒度约为D10=5μm、D50=13.5μm、D90=28μm、D97=37μm。电性能检测:正极片配方采用活性物质:导电剂:粘结剂=8:1:1,以金属锂片为负极片,制备R2032型电池测试,采用蓝电LAND测试仪,在充到4.2V放到3.0V的充放制度下,进行检测:1C放电克容量为130mAh/g,极片压实密度:3.24g/cm3。
正极材料实施例3(采用四氧化三锰实施例3制备得到的四氧化三锰)
制备化学式(Li1.05Ni0.15Mg0.01Mn1.84O4)(Nb2O5)0.004。采用掺杂Ni和Mg元素自制四氧化三锰(锰主含量约70.5%)250g,根据化学式计量引入电池级碳酸锂,加入蔗糖+聚乙烯醇复合剂(糖醇比为4)7.5g、1.5g五氧化二铌,以固含55%,进行砂磨水混(浆料粒度D50=8μm),120℃条件下喷雾干燥制得锰酸锂前驱体,在恒温720℃下,通空气(气流量2m3/h)烧结16小时,破碎分级,制得粒度约为D10=5μm、D50=12.5μm、D90=27μm、D97=27μm。电性能检测:正极片配方采用活性物质:导电剂:粘结剂=8:1:1,以金属锂片为负极片,制备R2032型电池测试,采用蓝电LAND测试仪,在充到4.2V放到3.0V的充放制度下,进行检测:1C放电克容量为125mAh/g,极片压实密度:3.15g/cm3。
正极材料实施例4(采用四氧化三锰实施例3制备得到的四氧化三锰)
制备化学式(Li1.05Ni0.2Mg0.01Mn1.79O4)(Nb2O5)0.004。采用掺杂Ni和Mg元素自制四氧化三锰(锰主含量约70%)250g,根据化学式计量引入电池级碳酸锂,加入蔗糖+聚乙二醇复合剂(糖醇比为5)7.5g、1.5g五氧化二铌,以固含55%,进行砂磨水混(浆料粒度D50=6μm),120℃条件下喷雾干燥制得锰酸锂前驱体,在恒温700℃下,通空气(气流量2m3/h)烧结18小时,破碎分级,制得粒度约为D10=5μm、D50=12.5μm、D90=27μm、D97=37μm。电性能检测:正极片配方采用活性物质:导电剂:粘结剂=8:1:1,以金属锂片为负极片,制备R2032型电池测试,采用蓝电LAND测试仪,在充到4.2V放到3.0V的充放制度下,进行检测:1C放电克容量为135mAh/g,极片压实密度:3.22g/cm3。
正极材料实施例5(采用四氧化三锰实施例3制备得到的四氧化三锰)
制备化学式(Li1.05Ni0.15Al0.01Mn1.84O4)(Nb2O5)0.004。采用掺杂Ni和Al元素自制四氧化三锰(锰主含量约70%)250g,根据化学式计量引入电池级碳酸锂,加入蔗糖+聚乙二醇复合剂(糖醇比为4)7.5g、1.5g五氧化二铌,以固含55%,进行砂磨水混(浆料粒度D50=6μm),120℃条件下喷雾干燥制得锰酸锂前驱体,在恒温700℃下,通空气(气流量2m3/h)烧结16小时,破碎分级,制得粒度约为D10=5μm、D50=10.5μm、D90=25μm、D97=37μm。电性能检测:正极片配方采用活性物质:导电剂:粘结剂=8:1:1,以金属锂片为负极片,制备R2032型电池测试,采用蓝电LAND测试仪,在充到4.2V放到3.0V的充放制度下,进行检测:1C放电克容量为125mAh/g,极片压实密度:3.2g/cm3。
正极材料实施例6(采用四氧化三锰实施例3制备得到的四氧化三锰)
制备化学式(Li1.03Ni0.2Al0.02Mn1.78O4)(Nb2O5)0.004。采用掺杂Ni和Al元素自制四氧化三锰(锰主含量约69.8%)250g,根据化学式计量引入电池级碳酸锂,加入蔗糖+聚乙烯醇复合剂(糖醇比为4)7.5g、1.5g五氧化二铌,以固含55%,进行砂磨水混(浆料粒度D50=6μm),120℃条件下喷雾干燥制得锰酸锂前驱体,在恒温680℃下,通空气(气流量2m3/h)烧结18小时,破碎分级,制得粒度约为D10=5μm、D50=12μm、D90=25.5μm、D97=37μm。电性能检测:正极片配方采用活性物质:导电剂:粘结剂=8:1:1,以金属锂片为负极片,制备R2032型电池测试,采用蓝电LAND测试仪,在充到4.2V放到3.0V的充放制度下,进行检测:1C放电克容量为130mAh/g,极片压实密度:3.22g/cm3。
正极材料实施例7(采用四氧化三锰实施例3制备得到的四氧化三锰)
制备化学式(Li1.03Ni0.24Al0.01Mn1.75O4)(Nb2O5)0.004。采用掺杂Ni和Al元素自制四氧化三锰(锰主含量约69.8%)250g,根据化学式计量引入电池级碳酸锂,加入蔗糖+聚乙烯醇复合剂(糖醇比为5)7.5g、1.5g五氧化二铌,以固含55%,进行砂磨水混(浆料粒度D50=6μm),120℃条件下喷雾干燥制得锰酸锂前驱体,在恒温680℃下,通空气(气流量2m3/h)烧结18小时,破碎分级,制得粒度约为D10=5μm、D50=12μm、D90=25.5μm、D97=37μm。电性能检测:正极片配方采用活性物质:导电剂:粘结剂=8:1:1,以金属锂片为负极片,制备R2032型电池测试,采用蓝电LAND测试仪,在充到4.2V放到3.0V的充放制度下,进行检测:1C放电克容量为134mAh/g,极片压实密度:3.28g/cm3。
正极材料实施例8(采用四氧化三锰实施例3制备得到的四氧化三锰)
制备化学式(Li1.05Ni0.24Al0.01Mn1.75O4)(Nb2O5)0.004。采用掺杂Ni和Al元素自制四氧化三锰(锰主含量约69.8%)250g,根据化学式计量引入电池级碳酸锂,加入蔗糖+聚乙二醇复合剂(糖醇比为5)7.5g、1.5g五氧化二铌,以固含55%,进行砂磨水混(浆料粒度D50=6μm),120℃条件下喷雾干燥制得锰酸锂前驱体,在恒温780℃下,通空气(气流量2m3/h)烧结12小时,破碎分级,制得粒度约为D10=5μm、D50=12.5μm、D90=27μm、D97=37μm。电性能检测:正极片配方采用活性物质:导电剂:粘结剂=8:1:1,以金属锂片为负极片,制备R2032型电池测试,采用蓝电LAND测试仪,在充到4.2V放到3.0V的充放制度下,进行检测:1C放电克容量为135mAh/g,极片压实密度:3.25g/cm3。
上述说明并非对本发明设计的限制,本发明设计也不仅限于上述举例,本技术领域的普通技术人员在本发明设计的实质范围内所做出的变化、改型、添加或替换,也属于本发明设计的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种高容量压实型锰酸锂正极材料制备,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)四氧化三锰的制备,采用钴盐业的锰废液,首先加入活性锰粉置换除去铜杂质元素,再调节溶液pH值,采用硫化钠和氟化钠进一步除去Ca、Zn、Hg、Pb杂质元素;其次加入双氧水部分氧化;引入掺杂元素的氢氧化物或硫酸盐,采用氢氧化钠调节溶液pH值至9,搅拌沉淀,洗涤过滤,闪蒸干燥,采用回转窑在920℃以下烧结2-4小时,破碎分级制得高品质的四氧化三锰;
(2)包覆前驱体的制备:采用步骤(1)所述四氧化三锰与锂源湿法混合,引入有机乳化分散剂和压实型添加剂,采用喷雾干燥法进行干燥处理制备;
(3)采用680℃-780℃温度,恒温烧结10-18个小时;
(4)对烧结物料进行破碎、分级、检测、包装得到正极材料;
所述正极材料的化学式为:(LiaMbMncO4)(Nb2O5)0.004,其中M为掺杂元素可以是Ni+0、Ni+Mg或Ni+Al三种方式,其中1.05≥a≥1.0,b+c=2,0.25≥b≥0;Nb2O5为压实型添加剂。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种高容量压实型锰酸锂正极材料制备,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中有机乳化分散剂采用蔗糖+聚乙二醇或蔗糖+聚乙烯醇的复合剂。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种高容量压实型锰酸锂正极材料制备,其特征在于:所述糖和醇的质量比为3-5。
4.如权利要求2所述的一种高容量压实型锰酸锂正极材料制备,其特征在于:所述有机乳化分散剂的添加量为四氧化三锰质量的3%。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种高容量压实型锰酸锂正极材料制备,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中砂磨混料控制浆料粒度D50=6-8μm。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种高容量压实型锰酸锂正极材料制备,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)采用空气气氛炉,空气气氛炉的侧方和底部通气,设定空气流量1.5-2.5m3/h。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种高容量压实型锰酸锂正极材料制备,其特征在于:所述步骤(4)对烧结物料进行对辊破碎,气流粉碎到既定粒度。
8.如权利要求7所述的一种高容量压实型锰酸锂正极材料制备,其特征在于:既定粒度为D50=10-14μm。
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