CN1153632C - 具有改进抗刮性的防粘涂层、施涂该涂层的方法及涂有该涂层的炊具 - Google Patents

具有改进抗刮性的防粘涂层、施涂该涂层的方法及涂有该涂层的炊具 Download PDF

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CN1153632C
CN1153632C CNB008046735A CN00804673A CN1153632C CN 1153632 C CN1153632 C CN 1153632C CN B008046735 A CNB008046735 A CN B008046735A CN 00804673 A CN00804673 A CN 00804673A CN 1153632 C CN1153632 C CN 1153632C
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J－P·布法德
M·方丹
C·加达兹
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Abstract

具有改进抗刮性的防粘涂层，它包括施涂到基材上的、涂有包括氟碳树脂的底涂层的内涂层和一层或多层氟碳树脂型外涂层的内涂层，其特征在于该内涂层包括至少50wt%被称为PEEK的氧化-1，4-亚苯基-氧化-1，4-亚苯基-羰基-1，4-亚苯基聚合物；该内涂层不含氟碳树脂。

Description

具有改进抗刮性的防粘涂层、施涂该涂层 的方法及涂有该涂层的炊具
本发明涉及具有改进的抗刮性的防粘涂层。
被涂敷到炊具上的防粘涂层是已知的。这类涂层容易被刮伤。
这类涂层常常施涂于矾土、珐琅、不锈钢或聚酰胺-酰亚胺(PAI)的硬内涂层上以改进它们的抗刮性。
原则上，该内涂层形成了阻隔层，防止划痕深入到基材表面。
本发明旨在提供一种抗刮性与已知涂层相比得到改进的同时保持优异的防粘性能的防粘涂层。
本发明提供具有改进抗刮性的防粘涂层，它包括施涂到基材上的、涂有包括氟碳树脂的底涂层的内涂层和一层或多层氟碳树脂型外涂层。
本发明的防粘性涂层的特征在于该内涂层包括至少50％(重量)氧基-1，4-亚苯基-氧基-1，4-亚苯基-羰基-1，4-亚苯基聚合物，也被称为PEEK，聚醚醚酮，这一内涂层不含氟碳树脂。
该聚合物的结构式是：
Figure C0080467300031
其余部分能够由以下组分构成：
·以纯净或混合形式使用的热稳定聚合物如聚苯硫醚、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺、聚醚酮、聚醚砜或聚酰胺-酰亚胺；
·惰性填料如金属氧化物，硅石，云母颗粒或薄片状填料。
PEEK已经与氟碳树脂例如聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)混合用于防粘涂料配方中。
然而，PEEK从来没有与氟碳树脂混合使用来构成硬的内涂层。
现已令人惊讶地确认，施涂于PEEK型内涂层上的防粘涂层显示出改进的抗刮性。
因此，防粘涂料可借助金属刮铲使用。
已经确认该PEEK内涂层覆盖了该基材的总涂层表面的60％-95％。
这一混合内涂层的机械特性使得它们可以除去因使用金属如金属刮铲所形成的划痕。
这代表一种理想的折衷方案，可以同时改进铝的硬度和聚四氟乙烯的弹性。
应当指出的是，该网络在粗糙表面上能够变成连续的，或它覆盖低于60％的表面但对本发明没有任何影响。
取决于具体情况，该内涂层的厚度能够在5～100微米之间变化。
用于底涂层和用于外涂层中的氟碳树脂优选是聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)或PTFE/PFA混合物。
本发明尤其可以应用到在外部或内部涂有防粘涂层的炊具上，该防粘涂层被涂敷在包括至少50wt％PEEK的内涂层上。
这些炊具的基材能够是铝、不锈钢、玻璃、陶器或珐琅。
在施涂PEEK型内涂层之前，该基材可以进行或不进行例如通过酸侵蚀完成的化学处理，或它可以进行或不进行例如通过喷砂处理实施的机械处理。
该混合的内涂料，以粉末或分散体形式，能够在环境温度下施涂于基材上或被加热至大约450℃。
它还能够以浆料形态通过丝网印刷或凹版移印法被施涂，在这种情况下所施涂的内涂层具有以下组成：
PEEK+聚合物和/或惰性填料的混合  30-400物 重量份
增稠剂  朋友                    1-10
稀释剂                          10-450
水                              100-300
在固化过程中除PEEK和聚合物和/或惰性填料以外的组分会消失。
其性能类似于助粘结剂的热稳定聚合物可以改进内涂层对载体的粘附性。
惰性填料的作用是提高内涂层的粗糙度和/或硬度。涂层的抗刮和耐磨性能因此得到改进。
而且，通过将具有降低内涂层的硬度的效果的热稳定聚合物与惰性填料相结合，能够调节内涂层的硬度。
最后，在内涂层的构成中使用惰性填料将因它们的低成本而呈现显著的商业利益。
所使用的PEEK粉末的粒度能够在4微米(μm)-80μm范围内，其中平均粒度为大约20μm。
取决于施涂模式，有必要：
·将内涂层加热到至少340℃的温度；
·在该内涂层上依次施涂PTFE型底涂层和外涂层；和
·将涂层组合体在400-420℃下固化。
作为实施例，现在给出在含有PEEK的内涂层上依次施涂的涂料组成。
                                   底涂层
  组分     重量份
  聚酰胺-酰亚胺的水分散体，大约13％干提出物     100-500
  N-甲基吡咯烷酮     100
  PTFE分散体，60％干提出物     100-400
  水     100
  炭黑，20％干提出物     20-30
  胶态硅石，30％干提出物     10-200
                            中间外涂层
重量份
PTFE分散体，60％干提出物 80-90
PFA 6900分散体，50％干提出物 0.5-5.0
分布和成膜剂 1-20
TiO2涂敷的云母薄片 0.1-0.4
Derusol(炭黑，25％干提取物) 0.02-0.6
                             最外的外涂层
重量份
PTFE分散体，60％干提出物 80-90
分布和成膜剂 1-20
TiO2涂敷的云母薄片 0.1-0.4
在干燥之后，上述涂层组合体在400-420℃下烧结5-10分钟。
获得具有改进性能的防粘涂层。
根据法国标准NF 21-511在不同温度下测定的硬度与普通涂层对比得到以下结果：
硬度具有PEEK的PTFE涂层 20℃ 100℃  180℃
球压试验 3.4kg 3.4kg  1.7-2.0kg
普通涂层，无内涂层 1.8kg 1.7kg  1.6kg
尤其在食物的实际烹调应用中，呈现出人意料的耐金属刮铲冲击性。在用不同食物进行若干烹调、烧烤和油炸周期(相当于使用2年)之后，涂层表面几乎未被划伤，并且未触及金属。
事实上，这构成了对于除了刀刃以外的金属器具刮划呈现改进的抗刮性的第一涂层+内涂层体系；因为迄今为止，所有被试验的内涂层均未真正地提供令人满意的解决方法(等离子体，矾土，钛，阳极化和其它表面处理)。
显然，抗刮性的这一改进能够用于所有应用场合，可用于炊具和小家用电器(电炉，烧烤板)的外部和内部和所有光滑表面例如熨斗上。
显然，本发明不限于以上所述的实施例和在不离开本发明范围的前提下能够进行许多改进。

Claims (9)

1.具有改进抗刮性的防粘涂层，它包括施涂到基材上的、涂有包括氟碳树脂的底涂层的内涂层和一层或多层氟碳树脂型外涂层，其特征在于该内涂层包括：
·至少50wt％被称为PEEK的氧化-1，4-亚苯基-氧化-1，4-亚苯基-羰基-1，4-亚苯基聚合物；
·其余部分由以下组分构成：
·以纯或以混合物形式使用的热稳定聚合物，
·选自金属氧化物、硅石、云母颗粒或薄片状填料的惰性填料；
该内涂层不含氟碳树脂。
2.根据权利要求1的涂层，其特征在于所述热稳定聚合物是聚苯硫醚、聚醚酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺、聚醚酮、聚醚砜或聚酰胺-酰亚胺。
3.根据权利要求1的涂层，其特征在于由PEEK构成的内涂层覆盖了基材的总涂层表面的60％到95％。
4.根据权利要求1的涂层，其特征在于内涂层的厚度是5～100μm。
5.根据权利要求1的涂层，其特征在于所述氟碳树脂是聚四氟乙烯或聚四氟乙烯-全氟烷氧基树脂混合物。
6.涂有权利要求1-5中任一项的涂层的炊具。
7.在基材上施涂权利要求1-5中任一项的涂层的方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
·将由PEEK构成的内涂层施涂于基材上；
·在至少340℃的温度下熔化该内涂层；
·依次在该内涂层上施涂PTFE型底涂层和外涂层；然后
·在400-420℃下将这些涂层的组合体加以固化。
8.根据权利要求7的方法，其特征在于PEEK是以粒度为4-80μm的粉末形式施涂。
9.根据权利要求8的方法，其特征在于所述PEEK粉末的平均粒径为20μm。
CNB008046735A 1999-03-16 2000-03-15 具有改进抗刮性的防粘涂层、施涂该涂层的方法及涂有该涂层的炊具 Expired - Fee Related CN1153632C (zh)

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ATE258083T1 (de) 2004-02-15
FR2791066A1 (fr) 2000-09-22
DE60007855D1 (de) 2004-02-26
MXPA01009323A (es) 2003-07-14
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AU3298300A (en) 2000-10-04
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HK1045661B (zh) 2004-12-10
CN1343144A (zh) 2002-04-03
JP2007185959A (ja) 2007-07-26
DE60007855T2 (de) 2004-12-09
WO2000054896A1 (fr) 2000-09-21
HK1045661A1 (en) 2002-12-06
BR0009021A (pt) 2001-12-26
EP1169142B1 (fr) 2004-01-21
US6596380B1 (en) 2003-07-22
KR20010105333A (ko) 2001-11-28
JP2002538958A (ja) 2002-11-19

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