CN115336501A - Cultivation method of selenium-rich grapes - Google Patents
Cultivation method of selenium-rich grapes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115336501A CN115336501A CN202211149173.0A CN202211149173A CN115336501A CN 115336501 A CN115336501 A CN 115336501A CN 202211149173 A CN202211149173 A CN 202211149173A CN 115336501 A CN115336501 A CN 115336501A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- branches
- selenium
- days
- spraying
- fertilizer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/02—Cultivation of hops or vines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/04—Supports for hops, vines, or trees
- A01G17/06—Trellis-work
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of selenium-rich fruit cultivation, and provides a cultivation method of selenium-rich grapes. Different measures of water and fertilizer balance and cold temperature balance are adopted according to different grape erection height conditions, the area of winter cold branches is increased by adopting a long branch far nutrition conveying mode for horizontal trellis, namely overhead cultivation, so that the problem of insufficient cold temperature is solved, meanwhile, the single conveying area can be increased by adopting the long branch mode, the nutrient consumption is increased, and the problem of excessive water and fertilizer is solved. Excessive nutrients are removed by adopting a girdling and ring-rolling mode for V-shaped low-frame or low-frame cultivation, so that the problem of excessive water and fertilizer is solved, meanwhile, energy storage of branches after girdling and ring-rolling is relatively reduced when the branches are dormant in winter, so that required cold and hot temperatures are reduced, and the problem of insufficient cold and hot temperatures is solved by reducing the requirement of the branches on the cold and hot temperatures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of selenium-rich fruit cultivation, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of selenium-rich grapes.
Background
Selenium-rich fruits are fruit products containing abundant selenium elements, selenium is a trace element necessary for human bodies and participates in synthesizing various selenium-containing enzymes and selenium-containing proteins in the human bodies, wherein glutathione peroxidase catalyzes hydroperoxides or lipid peroxides to be converted into water or various alcohols in organisms, attack of free radicals to biological membranes is eliminated, and the biological membranes are protected from oxidative damage.
The sapphire grape belongs to Eurasian varieties, branches are not easy to calcify, fertilizer and water are not resistant, the fruit does not fall off or rot the tip after maturation, the storage and transportation are resistant, the fruit is natural and seedless, the fruit grains are long cylindrical and like little fingers, the color of the fruit is blue black, the coloring is rapid and uniform, the fruit grains are more than those planted in northern areas of Shandong, the fruiting period is long after maturation, and the fruit grains resist anthracnose, white rot and powdery mildew.
However, in the south of China, although the soil is fertile and the water-retaining capacity of the soil is strong, the planting of the sapphire grapes is insufficient in cold temperature and excessive in water and fertilizer, and the flowers are difficult to generate by adopting the traditional planting mode, so that the popularization of the sapphire grapes in the south is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a cultivation method of selenium-rich grapes, and aims to solve the technical problems.
The invention is realized in such a way that the cultivation method of the selenium-rich grapes comprises the following steps:
selecting nursery stocks which are robust in growth and complete in root systems for planting in the last ten days of 1 month, planting main roots on a seedbed during planting, spreading root systems to the periphery, covering soil, and watering root fixing water;
erecting a rain-proof simple middle greenhouse or a steel frame greenhouse, erecting grape frames in the greenhouse, when erecting a horizontal greenhouse frame with the height of 1.8-2.2 m, trimming main branches and side branches of grapes, controlling the length of the main branches to be 4 m, the length of the side branches to be 2 m, the distance between the side branches to be 1 m, the number of plants per mu to be 20, and when erecting a V-shaped low frame with the height of 1.2-1.5 m, tying four fifths of the main branches with iron wires in the last 3 th ten days, cutting four fifths of the main branches with the iron wires in the last 3 th days, and loosening the iron wires in the last 5 th days;
removing inflorescences on weak branches 3-5 days before the initial flowering period, reserving an ear inflorescence on branches with intermediate growth vigor, removing the curly beards of the new shoots as early as possible, and binding and fixing the new shoots in time;
spraying selenium-rich foliage spraying fertilizer three times after 4 pm every full-bloom period, and spraying once every 7 days after the full-bloom period;
and (3) beginning winter pruning when leaves fall for half a month, reserving two bud embryos for each bud pile, reserving one flower spike, and wrapping the pruning wound by using a callus preservative film.
Furthermore, the height of the horizontal canopy frame is 2 meters, the longitudinal distance of the flat frame is 8 meters, and the transverse distance of the flat frame is 4 meters.
Furthermore, the selenium content of the selenium-rich foliage spray fertilizer is 160-180 micrograms/liter.
Further, the method comprises spraying 2000-fold Bordeaux mixture and 1500-fold 20% chlorantraniliprole solution before the initial flowering period.
Furthermore, the method also comprises the steps of spraying 3000 times of 20% difenoconazole and 1000 times of 4.5% beta-cypermethrin liquid 2-3 days after the full-bloom stage, spraying 1500 times of 50% thiram and 1500 times of 25% azoxystrobin liquid 9-10 days after the full-bloom stage, and spraying calcium fertilizer and pesticide containing 18% of active calcium 20-21 days after the full-bloom stage.
Advantageous effects
According to the cultivation method of the selenium-rich grapes, the sapphire grapes are supplemented with selenium by spraying the fertilizer on the leaf surfaces in the full-bloom stage and the later stage, so that the selenium content of the grapes can reach about 500 micrograms/kg and reach the selenium-rich standard. Different measures of water and fertilizer balance and cold temperature balance are adopted according to different grape erection height conditions, the area of winter cold branches is increased by adopting a long-branch far nutrition conveying mode for horizontal trellis, namely overhead cultivation, so that the problem of insufficient cold temperature is solved, meanwhile, the single conveying area can be increased by adopting the long-branch mode, the nutrient consumption is improved, and the problem of excessive water and fertilizer is solved because most southern areas are loam and the cultivated layer is shallow, so that the root system growth is limited. Excessive nutrients are removed by adopting a girdling and ring-rolling mode for V-shaped low-frame or low-frame cultivation, so that the problem of excessive water and fertilizer is solved, meanwhile, energy storage of branches after girdling and ring-rolling is relatively reduced when the branches are dormant in winter, so that required cold and hot temperatures are reduced, and the problem of insufficient cold and hot temperatures is solved by reducing the requirement of the branches on the cold and hot temperatures. The standby branch flowering rate of the selenium-rich grapes cultivated by the method can reach 55% -85%.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail by the following examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a cultivation method of selenium-rich grapes, which comprises the following steps:
selecting strong and complete-root-system seedlings to be planted in 1 ten days, planting the main roots on a seedbed during planting, spreading the root systems to the periphery, covering soil, and watering for fixing the roots.
Erecting a rain-proof simple middle greenhouse or a steel frame greenhouse, erecting a grape trellis in the greenhouse, and when erecting a horizontal greenhouse with the height of 2 meters, trimming main branches and side branches of grapes by using the horizontal greenhouse with the longitudinal distance of 8 meters and the transverse distance of 4 meters, controlling the length of the main branches to be 4 meters, the length of the side branches to be 2 meters, the distance between the side branches to be 1 meter, and the number of plants per mu to be 20.
When a V-shaped low frame with the height of 1.5 m is erected, tightening the four fifths of the main branches with iron wires in the last 3 th month period, cutting the four fifths of the main branches of the grapes by three fifths in the last 3 th month period, and loosening the iron wires in the last 5 th month period.
Spraying 2000 Bebohr solution and 20% chlorantraniliprole 1500 times solution before the initial flowering phase, removing inflorescences on weak branches 4 days before the initial flowering phase, remaining panicle inflorescences on branches with moderate growth, removing tendrils of young shoots as early as possible, and binding and fixing the young shoots in time.
Spraying selenium-rich foliage fertilizer with selenium content of 180 micrograms/liter three times after 4 pm every day in the full-bloom stage, and spraying every 7 days after the full-bloom stage.
Spraying 3000 times of 20% difenoconazole liquid and 1000 times of 4.5% beta-cypermethrin liquid 3 days after the full-bloom period, spraying 1500 times of 50% thiram liquid and 1500 times of 25% azoxystrobin liquid 10 days after the full-bloom period, and spraying calcium fertilizer and pesticide containing 18% of active calcium on foliage fertilizer 21 days after the full-bloom period.
And (3) beginning winter pruning when leaves fall for half a month, reserving two bud embryos for each bud pile, reserving one flower spike, and wrapping the pruning wound by using a callus preservative film.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a cultivation method of selenium-rich grapes, which comprises the following steps:
selecting strong and complete-root-system seedlings to be planted in 1 ten days, planting the main roots on a seedbed during planting, spreading the root systems to the periphery, covering soil, and watering for fixing the roots.
Erecting a rain-proof simple middle greenhouse or a steel frame greenhouse, erecting a grape trellis in the greenhouse, and when erecting a horizontal greenhouse with the height of 1.8 meters, the longitudinal distance of the horizontal trellis is 8 meters, the transverse distance is 4 meters, trimming the main branches and the side branches of the grapes, controlling the length of the main branches to be 4 meters, the length of the side branches to be 2 meters, the distance between the side branches to be 1 meter, and the number of plants per mu to be 20 plants.
When a V-shaped low frame with the height of 1.2 meters is erected, the four fifths of the main branches are tied by iron wires in the last 3 th of the month, the four fifths of the main branches of the grapes are annularly cut by three fifths in the last 3 th of the month, and the iron wires are loosened in the last 5 th of the month.
Spraying 2000 Bebohr solution and 20% chlorantraniliprole 1500 times solution before the initial flowering phase, removing inflorescences on weak branches 5 days before the initial flowering phase, remaining panicle inflorescences on branches with moderate growth, quickly nipping and removing tendrils of young shoots, and binding and fixing the young shoots in time.
The selenium-rich foliar spray fertilizer with the selenium content of 170 micrograms/liter is sprayed three times after 4 pm every day in the full-bloom period, and is sprayed once every 7 days after the full-bloom period.
Spraying 3000 times of 20% difenoconazole liquid and 1000 times of 4.5% beta-cypermethrin liquid 2 days after the full-bloom period, spraying 1500 times of 50% thiram liquid and 1500 times of 25% azoxystrobin liquid 9 days after the full-bloom period, and spraying foliar fertilizer calcium fertilizer and pesticide containing 18% of active calcium 20 days after the full-bloom period.
And (3) beginning winter pruning when leaves fall for half a month, reserving two bud embryos for each bud pile, reserving one flower spike, and wrapping the pruning wound by using a callus preservative film.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention provides a cultivation method of selenium-rich grapes, which comprises the following steps:
selecting strong and complete-root-system seedlings to be planted in 1 ten days, planting the main roots on a seedbed during planting, spreading the root systems to the periphery, covering soil, and watering for fixing the roots.
Erecting a rain-proof simple middle greenhouse or a steel frame greenhouse, erecting a grape trellis in the greenhouse, and when erecting a horizontal greenhouse with the height of 2.2 meters, the longitudinal distance of the horizontal trellis is 8 meters, the transverse distance is 4 meters, trimming the main branches and the side branches of the grapes, controlling the length of the main branches to be 4 meters, the length of the side branches to be 2 meters, the distance between the side branches to be 1 meter, and the number of plants per mu to be 20 plants.
When a V-shaped low frame with the height of 1.3 m is erected, tightening the four fifths of the main branches with iron wires in the last 3 th month period, cutting the four fifths of the main branches of the grapes by three fifths in the last 3 th month period, and loosening the iron wires in the last 5 th month period.
Spraying 2000 Beauer solution and 20% chlorantraniliprole 1500 times solution before the initial flowering period, removing inflorescences on weak branches 3 days before the initial flowering period, leaving one panicle inflorescence on branches with medium growth vigor, removing tendrils of new shoots as early as possible, and binding and fixing the new shoots in time.
Spraying selenium-rich foliar spray fertilizer with selenium content of 160 micrograms/liter three times after 4 pm every day in the full-bloom stage, and spraying once every 7 days after the full-bloom stage.
Spraying 3000 times of 20% difenoconazole liquid and 1000 times of 4.5% beta-cypermethrin liquid 2 days after the full-bloom period, spraying 1500 times of 50% thiram liquid and 1500 times of 25% azoxystrobin liquid 10 days after the full-bloom period, and spraying calcium fertilizer and pesticide containing 18% of active calcium on leaf fertilizer 20 days after the full-bloom period.
And (3) beginning winter pruning when leaves fall for half a month, reserving two bud embryos for each bud pile, reserving one flower spike, and wrapping the pruning wound by using a callus preservative film.
The cultivation steps not mentioned in embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention can all adopt the cultivation technology of sapphire grapes in the prior art, and are not described herein again.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The cultivation method of the selenium-rich grapes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting strong and complete-root-system nursery stocks for planting in 1 ten days, planting main roots on a seedbed during planting, spreading root systems to the periphery, covering soil, and watering root fixing water;
erecting a rain-proof simple middle greenhouse or a steel frame greenhouse, erecting grape frames in the greenhouse, when erecting a horizontal greenhouse frame with the height of 1.8-2.2 m, trimming main branches and side branches of grapes, controlling the length of the main branches to be 4 m, the length of the side branches to be 2 m, the distance between the side branches to be 1 m, the number of plants per mu to be 20, and when erecting a V-shaped low frame with the height of 1.2-1.5 m, tying four fifths of the main branches with iron wires in the last 3 th ten days, cutting four fifths of the main branches with the iron wires in the last 3 th days, and loosening the iron wires in the last 5 th days;
removing inflorescences on weak branches 3-5 days before the initial flowering period, remaining panicle inflorescences on branches with medium growth vigor, pinching and removing tendrils of the young shoots as early as possible, and binding and fixing the young shoots in time;
spraying selenium-rich foliage spraying fertilizer three times after 4 pm every full-bloom period, and spraying once every 7 days after the full-bloom period;
and (3) beginning winter pruning when leaves fall for half a month, reserving two bud embryos for each bud pile, reserving one spica, and binding the pruning wound with a callus preservative film.
2. The method for cultivating selenium-enriched grapes according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the horizontal canopy frame is 2 meters, the longitudinal distance of the horizontal canopy frame is 8 meters, and the transverse distance of the horizontal canopy frame is 4 meters.
3. The method for cultivating selenium-enriched grapes according to claim 1, wherein: the selenium content of the selenium-rich foliage spray fertilizer is 160-180 micrograms/liter.
4. The method for cultivating selenium-enriched grapes according to claim 1, wherein: also comprises spraying 2000-fold Bordeaux solution and 20% chlorantraniliprole 1500-fold solution before the initial flowering period.
5. The method for cultivating selenium-enriched grapes according to claim 1, wherein: the method also comprises the steps of spraying 3000 times of 20% difenoconazole and 1000 times of 4.5% beta-cypermethrin 2-3 days after the full-bloom stage, spraying 1500 times of 50% thiram and 1500 times of 25% azoxystrobin 9-10 days after the full-bloom stage, and spraying foliar fertilizer calcium fertilizer and pesticide containing 18% of active calcium 20-21 days after the full-bloom stage.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211149173.0A CN115336501B (en) | 2022-09-21 | 2022-09-21 | Cultivation method of selenium-enriched grape |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211149173.0A CN115336501B (en) | 2022-09-21 | 2022-09-21 | Cultivation method of selenium-enriched grape |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115336501A true CN115336501A (en) | 2022-11-15 |
| CN115336501B CN115336501B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
Family
ID=83955335
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211149173.0A Active CN115336501B (en) | 2022-09-21 | 2022-09-21 | Cultivation method of selenium-enriched grape |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115336501B (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102870796A (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2013-01-16 | 陶氏益农公司 | Multi-substituted pyridyl sulfoximines and their use as insecticides |
| CN105210643A (en) * | 2015-10-24 | 2016-01-06 | 宾川县兴宏达农副产品专业合作社 | Selenium-rich grape cultivation method |
-
2022
- 2022-09-21 CN CN202211149173.0A patent/CN115336501B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102870796A (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2013-01-16 | 陶氏益农公司 | Multi-substituted pyridyl sulfoximines and their use as insecticides |
| CN105210643A (en) * | 2015-10-24 | 2016-01-06 | 宾川县兴宏达农副产品专业合作社 | Selenium-rich grape cultivation method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115336501B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN100356838C (en) | Season-opposite culture method of peach | |
| CN100421540C (en) | Chemical method for controlling and cultivating high yield high grade asparagus bean | |
| CN102197776B (en) | Novel technology for twice production of grapes in one year | |
| CN103461061A (en) | Planting method of grape | |
| CN102293138A (en) | Greenhouse vegetable type culture method for grape | |
| CN103688820A (en) | Cultivation method of harvesting south grapes twice a year | |
| CN103636454A (en) | Double-cropping cultivation method of grapes | |
| CN1868256A (en) | Method for artificial dormancy-relieving and early focing culturing | |
| CN112205229B (en) | Efficient cost-saving citrus cultivation method | |
| CN104920192A (en) | Elevation cultivation method for strawberry production and seedling and facility of method | |
| CN104488641A (en) | Winter jujube cultivating and planting method | |
| CN107278792A (en) | Red Ba Ladi grapes two crops a year implantation methods in a kind of intelligent greenhouse | |
| CN104838960A (en) | Planting method of Ziqiu grapes | |
| CN104798654A (en) | Greenhouse grape dense-planting and high-yield early maturing cultivating method | |
| CN106258759A (en) | A kind of cultural method of red pear | |
| CN104813821A (en) | Cultivation method for prompting blossoming and fruiting of tomato | |
| CN114208618B (en) | Method for improving peony propagation efficiency by promoting cultivation in two seasons in one year | |
| CN106416919B (en) | Greenhouse selenium-rich grape 1 year is double ripe to abound with implantation methods | |
| CN106857174A (en) | 1 year three season vendage implantation methods | |
| CN104719070A (en) | Juicy peach cultivating method | |
| CN108901739A (en) | A method of improving carnation bud seedling flower yield | |
| CN105210643A (en) | Selenium-rich grape cultivation method | |
| CN106386376A (en) | Density-reducing, quality-improving and early-maturing cultivation method for greenhouse grape | |
| CN112314381B (en) | Potted culture method of Chimonanthus praecox | |
| CN101904268A (en) | Girdling integration cutting process for perennial woody fresh cutting flower |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |