CN115250659A

CN115250659A - A auxiliary device for improving saline and alkaline land cotton seed germination percentage

Info

Publication number: CN115250659A
Application number: CN202210998526.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩其晟; 宁慧峰; 刘浩
Original assignee: Farmland Irrigation Research Institute of CAAS
Current assignee: Farmland Irrigation Research Institute of CAAS
Priority date: 2022-08-19
Filing date: 2022-08-19
Publication date: 2022-11-01
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-19
Also published as: CN115250659B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cotton planting, and particularly discloses an auxiliary device for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil. The soil treatment device comprises a plurality of soil treatment covers arranged in parallel, wherein support shafts are rotatably arranged in the soil treatment covers, transmission assemblies for providing power for the support shafts are arranged on the soil treatment covers, the support shafts are symmetrically and rotatably provided with functional shafts in a penetrating manner, a plurality of stirring blades are fixedly connected to the functional shafts, transmission gears are arranged at free ends of the functional shafts, and rack channels meshed with the transmission gears are arranged on the inner top surfaces of the soil treatment covers; the inner bottom surface of the soil treatment cover is rotatably provided with a transmission disc, the bottom surface of the soil treatment cover is rotatably provided with a functional disc coaxially connected with the transmission disc, and the support shaft is provided with a plurality of shifting rods for shifting the transmission disc to rotate; the inner side of the soil treatment cover is provided with a plurality of water adding nozzles for washing the stirring blades. The invention aims to solve the problem that the germination rate is still reduced when the traditional cotton is directly sowed with water in saline-alkali soil.

Description

A auxiliary device for improving saline and alkaline land cotton seed germination rate

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of cotton planting, and particularly discloses an auxiliary device for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil.

Background

Xinjiang is the main production area of cotton in China. The area of the southern Xinjiang saline-alkali soil is 922.29 ten thousand mu, and the southern Xinjiang saline-alkali soil accounts for 43 percent of the cultivated land area, wherein the area of the southern Xinjiang saline-alkali soil is mild 677.79 ten thousand mu, moderate 188.02 ten thousand mu and severe 56.49 ten thousand mu. The salinization of the soil can seriously affect the growth of plants and reduce the yield of crops. The concrete points are as follows: causing physiological drought of plants, damaging plant tissues, affecting normal nutrition of the plants, affecting stomatal closure of the plants and finally causing drought and withering of the plants.

The saline-alkali resistance of cotton seeds is weaker, and when cotton is planted in saline-alkali soil, the core problem that the cotton seeds do not germinate is not that the seeds die due to saline-alkali, but the seeds cannot absorb enough water for germination from the soil due to high saline-alkali soil and large osmotic pressure, and the salt resistance of the cotton seeds after the cotton seeds germinate and enter a bud stage is remarkably improved, so that the core problem that the cotton planting in the saline-alkali soil in southern Xinjiang is restricted to how to improve the germination rate of the cotton seeds in the moderate saline-alkali soil is solved.

At present, in order to improve the germination rate of cotton seeds in light and medium saline-alkali soil, direct water absorption and configuration of the water yield that suits when letting cotton seeds sow, and then the seed sow together with water, improve the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil, but because the permeability and the evaporation in soil, the water of sowing with the seed can only maintain for a short period usually and provide moisture for cotton planting, thereby its germination rate also has the risk that reduces, consequently, the inventor is in view of this, an auxiliary device for improving saline-alkali soil cotton seed germination rate is provided, so as to solve the above-mentioned problem.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that the germination rate is still reduced when the traditional cotton is directly sowed with water in saline-alkali soil.

In order to achieve the aim, the basic scheme of the invention provides an auxiliary device for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil, which comprises a plurality of soil treatment covers arranged in parallel, wherein supporting shafts are rotatably arranged in the soil treatment covers, transmission assemblies for providing power for the supporting shafts are arranged on the soil treatment covers, the supporting shafts are symmetrically and rotatably provided with functional shafts in a penetrating manner, a plurality of stirring blades are fixedly connected to the functional shafts, free ends of the functional shafts are provided with transmission gears, and the top surface in the soil treatment covers is provided with rack channels meshed with the transmission gears; the inner bottom surface of the soil treatment cover is rotatably provided with a transmission disc, the bottom surface of the soil treatment cover is rotatably provided with a functional disc coaxially connected with the transmission disc, and a plurality of shifting rods for shifting the transmission disc to rotate are arranged on the supporting shaft; the inner side of the soil treatment cover is provided with a plurality of water adding nozzles for washing the stirring blades.

The principle and effect of this basic scheme lie in:

1. install this auxiliary device between cotton seeding equipment and power equipment, before the cotton seeding, insert the lower part of soil treatment cover in earth, through the back shaft alright drive the function axle around the back shaft and carry out the circumference and rotate, at this in-process, simultaneously with this water filling shower nozzle work spray irrigation water, alright abundant mixed soil and irrigation water this moment, make the absorption irrigation water that gets into soil treatment cover in can be abundant and become more thick, like this after the good cotton seed of follow-up seeding, moisture in the more thick soil alright effectual reduction further by infiltration to the deeper layer of soil or the condition that reduces the evaporation rate.

2. In the process of spraying irrigation water in the operation of the water adding spray head, the functional shaft and the stirring blades positioned on the upper half part can be washed and cleaned, so that the mixed effect of soil and irrigation water is prevented from being influenced by the adhesion of the viscous soil on the stirring blades.

3. The back shaft drives the transmission disc and the cutting disc rotates, when the soil treatment cover works forwards, the distance from the upper part and the lower part of the bottom of the soil treatment cover can be cut, and meanwhile, the soil on the lower side of the soil treatment cover can be slightly compressed by the aid of the cutting disc, so that the water can be irrigated above the soil treatment cover in an effective reduction mode.

Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the operation is simple, the feasibility is high, the soil of the cotton seed planting layer can be effectively moistened, the permeation and evaporation rates of the soil are reduced, the water containing time of the cotton seed planting part is effectively prolonged, the germination rate of the cotton seeds is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the irrigation water is directly contacted with the soil and is fully absorbed, so that the waste of the irrigation water is reduced, and the waste of the irrigation water is saved.

Further, the transmission assembly comprises a transmission shaft arranged on the soil treatment cover, a plurality of first transmission wheels are arranged on the transmission shaft and the support shaft, and a transmission belt is arranged between the first transmission wheels on the same vertical surface. The soil treatment power is provided for a plurality of soil treatment covers that set up side by side to the single transmission shaft of accessible, is convenient for can be normal stirring soil and irrigation water.

Furthermore, the soil processing cover is fixedly connected with a soil breaking cutting blade at the front part. Improve the work fluency.

Furthermore, the side of the part of the soil treatment cover located at the rear side is rotatably provided with a soil breaking roller in transmission connection with the support shaft, the rear side of the soil breaking roller is provided with a soil separating plate for separating soil, and the soil separating plate is communicated with a feeding channel. Soil work of loosening the soil between the cover is handled to soil through broken soil roller, then utilize the soil division board to divide into upper strata and lower floor with soil, make and form a cavity between upper strata and the layer, in this cavity, can be according to the operation requirement, add slow release fertilizer or other article that are favorable to cotton germination or growth, then the upper strata covers again on the article that adds, through directly adding the article that is favorable to cotton germination or growth at cotton planting layer like this, reduce the influence of external environment, especially in the place that some evaporation capacity are great, the consumption of reducible resource.

Further, soil division board symmetry rigid coupling has the guide board that is used for guiding soil flow to the middle part last time. Because the feedstock channel of soil division board can crowd upper soil to both sides to reduce the soil and cover the effect, consequently utilize the guide board to guide soil to the middle part, directly cover the material that the feeding passes through the entering.

Furthermore, a plurality of shifting pieces corresponding to the shifting rods are uniformly and fixedly distributed on the circumference of the transmission disc. Reduce the influence of soil and improve the transmission stability.

Furthermore, a protection cavity for reducing the contact between the deflector rod and soil is fixedly connected in the soil treatment cover. Reduce the influence of soil and improve the transmission stability.

Furthermore, one side of the transmission gear, which is far away from the supporting shaft, is fixedly connected with a mud scraper. The front side soil is actively scraped into the soil processing cover, thereby improving the mixing effect.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an auxiliary device for increasing the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a front soil treatment cover in an auxiliary device for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rear soil treatment cover in an auxiliary device for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil according to an embodiment of the application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an internal structure of a soil treatment cover in an auxiliary device for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the auxiliary device for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil, which is provided by the embodiment of the present application and is a structural diagram of the rear soil processing cover

Fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a guide plate in an auxiliary device for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil according to an embodiment of the application.

Detailed Description

To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, structures, characteristics and effects according to the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

Reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the soil processing device comprises a soil processing cover 1, a water adding spray head 2, a transmission shaft 3, a first transmission wheel 4, a transmission belt 5, a water inlet pipe 6, a cutting disc 7, a ground breaking roller 8, a soil separation plate 9, a feeding channel 10, a supporting shaft 11, a functional sleeve 12, a rack channel 13, a functional shaft 14, a stirring blade 15, a deflector rod 16, a transmission gear 17, a mud scraping plate 18, a transmission disc 19, a deflector rod 20, a guide plate 21, a second transmission wheel 22 and a ground breaking cutting blade 23.

The embodiment is shown in figure 1, and comprises two rows of soil treatment covers 1 which are arranged side by side, wherein each row of soil treatment covers 1 are in supporting connection through a connecting frame, and a hydraulic rod for lifting the whole auxiliary device is arranged on the connecting frame. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, a supporting shaft 11 is rotatably installed in each soil processing cover 1, a functional sleeve 12 is welded in the middle of the supporting shaft 11, a functional shaft 14 is symmetrically and rotatably arranged on the functional sleeve 12 in a penetrating manner, a plurality of stirring blades 15 are welded on the functional shaft 14, transmission gears 17 are respectively arranged at two ends of the functional shaft 14, a rack passage 13 meshed with the transmission gears 17 is welded on the top surface in the soil processing cover 1, a mud scraper 18 is fixedly connected to one side, far away from the supporting shaft 11, of the transmission gears 17, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a transmission shaft 3 is installed above each row of soil processing covers 1, a plurality of first transmission wheels 4 are respectively arranged on the transmission shaft 3 and the supporting shaft 11, a transmission belt 5 is respectively arranged between the first transmission wheels 4 on the same plane, a cutting blade 23 facilitating advancing is welded on the front side of the soil processing cover 1 on the front side, a cutting blade 23 facilitating advancing is welded on the front side, a soil processing cover 1 on the rear side is rotatably provided with a soil processing cover 1, a soil breaking roller 8 on the right side, a soil dividing plate 9 on the rear side is rotatably provided with a soil dividing plate 9, a soil dividing plate 21 for guiding the feeding plate for guiding the soil which is symmetrically and fixedly connected to the soil which is connected to the middle of the soil processing plate 10 and is fixedly connected to the soil processing plate 11, and is fixedly connected to the soil.

As shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5, a transmission disc 19 is rotatably arranged on the inner bottom surface of the soil treatment cover 1, a cutting disc 7 coaxially connected with the transmission disc 19 is rotatably arranged on the bottom surface of the soil treatment cover 1, a plurality of shifting rods 16 used for shifting the transmission disc 19 to rotate are arranged on the supporting shaft 11, a plurality of shifting pieces 20 corresponding to the shifting rods 16 are uniformly welded on the circumference of the transmission disc 19, a protection cavity used for reducing the contact between the shifting rods 16 and soil is fixedly connected in the soil treatment cover 1, as shown in fig. 5, a second transmission wheel 22 used for transmitting the power of the supporting shaft 11 to the soil breaking roller 8 is arranged in the protection cavity, and a transmission belt 5 is arranged between the second transmission wheels 22.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a plurality of water adding nozzles 2 for washing the stirring blades 15 are arranged inside the soil treatment cover 1 and inside the protection cavity, and a water inlet pipe 6 communicated with the water adding nozzles 2 is arranged on the soil treatment cover 1.

Before using, install this auxiliary device between cotton planter and the tractor that is used for driving cotton planter to go forward, add power device for transmission shaft 3, give 6 switch-on storage water tanks of inlet pipe and set up pressure water pump and inlet tube 6 intercommunications in the storage water tank, add the power supply for the hydropress pole, perhaps directly install the front end at cotton planter with this device for cotton planter forms a cotton seeding equipment of being exclusively used in saline and alkaline land seeding with this device, then alright use.

The cotton planting that will accomplish the preliminary treatment is put into the storage box of cotton direct seeder, adds the plastic film on the plastic film frame, adds the burette on the burette frame, moves cotton planter and this device to planting ground, alright begin to carry out the cotton seeding.

Starting the whole equipment, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, inserting the lower part of the support shaft 11 and the soil treatment cover 1 into planting soil through the mud scraping plate 18 and the cutting disc 7, then driving the functional shaft 14 to rotate circularly around the support shaft 11 through the support shaft 11, and driving the functional shaft 14 to rotate through the meshing of the rack channel 13 and the transmission gear 17, so that the stirring blades 15 can stir the soil more uniformly, in the process, high-pressure irrigation water is provided for the water adding nozzle 2 in the water storage tank, the water adding nozzle 2 sprays irrigation water when working, at the moment, the soil and the irrigation water can be fully mixed, the soil entering the soil treatment cover 1 can fully absorb the irrigation water and becomes more viscous, and thus, after subsequent cotton seeds are sown, the moisture in the more viscous soil can be effectively reduced to further permeate to the deeper soil or reduce the evaporation speed; in the process of spraying irrigation water in the operation of the water adding spray head 2, the functional shaft 14 and the stirring blades 15 positioned on the upper half part can be washed and cleaned, so that the mixed effect of soil and irrigation water is prevented from being influenced by the adhesion of the viscous soil on the stirring blades 15.

In stirring the earth in-process, back shaft 11 drives driving lever 16 and rotates, and driving lever 16 stirs plectrum 20 to just drive cutting disc 7 and peel off the earth of soil treatment cover 1 below, and usable cutting disc 7 compresses tightly its downside soil slightly, thereby the infiltration of alright effectual reduction top irrigation water.

And finally, after the auxiliary device is used for completing the pretreatment of the saline-alkali soil, the cotton seeder is used for seeding in a corresponding position.

In the operation process, in order to reduce subsequent fertilization work, soil between the soil treatment covers 1 can be loosened through the soil breaking rollers 8, then the soil is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer through the soil partition plates 9, so that a cavity is formed between the upper layer and the lower layer, slow release fertilizer or other articles favorable for cotton germination or growth can be added into the cavity according to the use requirement, then the added articles are covered on the upper layer, and therefore, the articles favorable for cotton germination or growth are directly added on the cotton planting layer, the influence of the external environment is reduced, and particularly, the consumption of resources can be reduced in places with large evaporation capacity; similarly, if the condition of fertilizeing in advance needs to be carried out, still need to install one on this device and add the material subassembly, add the material subassembly and give feed channel 10 intercommunication, make things convenient for the realization of function, add the material subassembly and generally be intermittent type feeder.

In the using process, the method is simple to operate and high in feasibility, can effectively moisten the soil of the cotton seed planting layer, slows down the permeation and evaporation rates of the soil, effectively improves the water-containing time of the cotton seed planting part, effectively improves the germination rate of the cotton seeds, and reduces the waste of irrigation water and saves the waste of the irrigation water because the irrigation water is directly contacted with the soil and is fully absorbed.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an auxiliary device for improving saline and alkaline land cotton seed germination percentage which characterized in that: the soil treatment cover comprises a plurality of soil treatment covers (1) which are arranged in parallel, wherein supporting shafts (11) are rotatably arranged in the soil treatment covers (1), transmission assemblies for providing power for the supporting shafts (11) are arranged on the soil treatment covers (1), the supporting shafts (11) are symmetrically and rotatably provided with functional shafts (14) in a penetrating manner, the functional shafts (14) are fixedly connected with a plurality of stirring blades (15), transmission gears (17) are arranged at free ends of the functional shafts (14), and rack channels (13) meshed with the transmission gears (17) are arranged on the inner top surface of the soil treatment covers (1); a driving disc (19) is rotatably arranged on the inner bottom surface of the soil treatment cover (1), a cutting disc (7) coaxially connected with the driving disc (19) is rotatably arranged on the bottom surface of the soil treatment cover (1), and a plurality of shifting rods (16) for shifting the driving disc (19) to rotate are arranged on the supporting shaft (11); the inner side of the soil treatment cover (1) is provided with a plurality of water adding nozzles (2) used for flushing the stirring blades (15).

2. The auxiliary device for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the transmission assembly comprises a transmission shaft (3) arranged on the soil treatment cover (1), a plurality of first transmission wheels (4) are arranged on the transmission shaft (3) and the support shaft (11), and a transmission belt (5) is arranged between the first transmission wheels (4) on the same vertical surface.

3. The auxiliary device for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the soil processing cover (1) is fixedly connected with a soil breaking cutting blade (23) at the front part.

4. The auxiliary device for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 2, wherein the side surfaces of the rear part of the soil treatment cover (1) are rotatably provided with a soil breaking roller (8) in transmission connection with the supporting shaft (11), the rear side of the soil breaking roller (8) is provided with a soil separating plate (9) for separating soil, and the soil separating plate (9) is communicated with the feeding channel (10).

5. The auxiliary device for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 4, wherein the soil partition plate (9) is last time symmetrically fixedly connected with a guide plate (21) for guiding the soil to flow to the middle.

6. The auxiliary device for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of shifting pieces (20) corresponding to the shifting rods (16) are uniformly and fixedly distributed on the circumference of the transmission disc (19).

7. The auxiliary device for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 6, wherein a protection cavity for reducing the contact between the deflector rod (16) and soil is fixedly connected in the soil treatment cover (1).

8. The auxiliary device for improving the germination rate of cotton seeds in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein a mud scraper (18) is fixedly connected to one side of the transmission gear (17) far away from the supporting shaft (11).