CN115215700B - Liquid fertilizer based on biomass fermentation and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Liquid fertilizer based on biomass fermentation and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115215700B CN115215700B CN202210851287.3A CN202210851287A CN115215700B CN 115215700 B CN115215700 B CN 115215700B CN 202210851287 A CN202210851287 A CN 202210851287A CN 115215700 B CN115215700 B CN 115215700B
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 44
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 241000881860 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007633 bacillus mucilaginosus Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- WFLYOQCSIHENTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum(4+) tetranitrate Chemical compound [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Mo+4].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-] WFLYOQCSIHENTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);sulfate Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000348 titanium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000193417 Brevibacillus laterosporus Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
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- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940032049 enterococcus faecalis Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940055729 papain Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019834 papain Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- GRTOGORTSDXSFK-XJTZBENFSA-N ajmalicine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCN3C[C@@H]4[C@H](C)OC=C([C@H]4C[C@H]33)C(=O)OC)=C3NC2=C1 GRTOGORTSDXSFK-XJTZBENFSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- JLIDBLDQVAYHNE-YKALOCIXSA-N (+)-Abscisic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)/C=C(/C)\C=C\[C@@]1(O)C(C)=CC(=O)CC1(C)C JLIDBLDQVAYHNE-YKALOCIXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930192334 Auxin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000009849 Cucumis sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 108010052285 Membrane Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000018697 Membrane Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233679 Peronosporaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010009736 Protein Hydrolysates Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000006578 abscission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002363 auxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FCRACOPGPMPSHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N desoxyabscisic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C(C)C=CC1C(C)=CC(=O)CC1(C)C FCRACOPGPMPSHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003859 lipid peroxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011328 necessary treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013348 organic food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007065 protein hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021654 trace metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/10—Addition or removal of substances other than water or air to or from the material during the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a liquid fertilizer based on biomass fermentation and a preparation method thereof, which are prepared by taking biomass such as livestock manure, fresh seaweed, waste pig hair and the like as raw materials, pretreating the livestock manure by using steam and Co-60 irradiation, carrying out enzymolysis on the fresh seaweed by using mixed enzymes, carrying out acidolysis on the waste pig hair by using mixed acid, combining enzymolysis and fermentation technologies, and adding a small amount of trace elements such as titanium, molybdenum, zinc and the like. The invention is based on biomass fermentation, is green and environment-friendly, has good fertilizer efficiency, and is suitable for crop growth in arid and semiarid regions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid fertilizers, and relates to a liquid fertilizer based on biomass fermentation and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Fertilizers are an important component of agricultural production, and in recent years, the fertilizers are rapidly developed towards high concentration, liquidization and compounding, because super concentration and liquidization are more beneficial to crop absorption and reduce transportation cost. The liquid fertilizer is a typical high-concentration fertilizer, the appearance of the liquid fertilizer is in a fluid state, the liquid fertilizer comprises a liquid nitrogen fertilizer and a liquid compound fertilizer, the nutrition of the liquid nitrogen fertilizer is single, the liquid compound fertilizer comprises two or more than two nutrient elements, and the nutrient composition is richer.
Drought is very common worldwide, and especially as human economy develops and population expands, water resource shortage becomes more and more serious, and drought has become a worldwide problem restricting agricultural production development. Drought or seasonal drought can cause crop yield reduction and agricultural product quality reduction, because under drought conditions, the auxin and gibberellin content of crops are obviously reduced, the abscisic acid content is obviously increased, the tissue aging and abscission are accelerated, and meanwhile, the drought conditions can induce a large amount of active oxygen free radicals to accumulate, so that cell membrane proteins are oxidized, and membrane lipid peroxidation is caused. The liquid fertilizer applied to arid and semiarid regions has natural advantages, and solves the problems of water supplementing and nutrition supplying.
In addition, with the rapid development of economy and the improvement of the living standard of people, people put higher demands on the safe production and quality of grains and foods which depend on living. The production of pollution-free, green and organic foods to meet market demands is an urgent problem to be solved in agricultural production. The use of a large amount of chemical fertilizers causes concern on food safety, and meanwhile, the chemical fertilizers are generally low in utilization rate, easy to run off and not durable in fertilizer efficiency, so that soil hardening and water and soil loss accompanied pollution sources are often caused, and ecological environment is affected. And the chemical compound fertilizer has higher price and high fertilizer cost, and increases the burden on agricultural production.
In nature, a large amount of biomass exists, including all plants and microorganisms, animals taking the plants and the microorganisms as food and wastes produced by the plants and the microorganisms, such as crop straws, branches and the like, and the traditional incineration treatment causes great resource waste while causing environmental pollution. The biomass contains a large amount of nutrient elements, and can be prepared into fertilizer after fermentation treatment, thereby meeting the current requirements of green and environment protection.
Patent application CN110606775A discloses a method for preparing fertilizer by fermenting river sludge and waste garden biomass, which comprises the following steps: mixing river sludge, waste garden biomass and humic acid uniformly, adding microbial agent, controlling humidity at 30-70% and temperature at 25-50 ℃ under anaerobic condition, fermenting for 7 days, granulating and drying to obtain the product. The fertilizer obtained by the patent technology is solid, compared with liquid fertilizer, the crop absorptivity is poor, and the river sludge contains a large amount of harmful substances, and the patent technology is not subjected to necessary treatment, so that the harmful substances can influence the quality of crops after being absorbed by the crops, thereby influencing the human health.
Patent application CN106588313a discloses a method for preparing a functional liquid fertilizer by catalyzing hydrothermal carbonization with agricultural waste biomass, which adopts mixed liquid generated after catalyzing hydrothermal carbonization with agricultural waste biomass as mother liquor, and adds nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium elements, humic acid and the like to prepare the functional liquid fertilizer. The preparation process comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of (1) crushing materials, (2) controlling reaction conditions, (3) preparing fertilizer mother liquor and (4) preparing fertilizer. The method of the patent technology is relatively simple, but has limited assistance to crop growth in arid and semiarid regions.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a liquid fertilizer based on biomass fermentation and a preparation method thereof, which are environment-friendly and suitable for crop growth in arid and semiarid regions.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer based on biomass fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, pretreating livestock manure by using steam and Co-60 irradiation, and filtering to obtain a liquid matrix and insoluble substances I;
(2) Removing impurities from fresh seaweed, cutting, grinding to obtain seaweed slurry, performing enzymolysis with mixed enzyme, and filtering to obtain seaweed enzymolysis solution and insoluble substance II;
(3) Then cleaning and crushing the waste pig hair to prepare pig hair powder, then acidolyzing the pig hair powder by using mixed acid, adjusting the pH value to be 7, and filtering to obtain pig hair acidolyzed solution and insoluble matter III;
(4) Adding the insoluble substances I, II and III into water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, performing high-temperature high-pressure treatment to obtain mixed slurry, pre-fermenting, and filtering to obtain filtrate;
(5) And finally, uniformly mixing the filtrate with a liquid matrix, seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate and pig hair acidolysis solution, adding titanium sulfate, molybdenum nitrate and zinc chloride, stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved, obtaining a mixed solution, sterilizing, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes, fermenting, and concentrating to obtain the liquid fertilizer.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the livestock manure to the fresh seaweed to the abandoned pig hair is 100: 65-75: 40-50.
Preferably, in the step (1), the specific method of pretreatment is as follows: under Co-60 irradiation, introducing steam with the temperature of 250-300 ℃ and the pressure of 3-4 MPa into the livestock and poultry manure while stirring, and maintaining the steam temperature and the steam pressure for 40-50 minutes; the Co-60 irradiation dose is 300-400 kGy.
Preferably, in the step (1), the livestock manure is any one or more of chicken, duck, pig and cow manure.
Preferably, in the step (2), the specific method of enzymolysis of the mixed enzyme comprises the following steps: adding 0.02-0.03 times of mixed enzyme into seaweed slurry, and performing enzymolysis at 40-50 ℃ under the condition of ultrasonic wave 300-400W for 3-4 hours; wherein, the mixed enzyme is prepared by mixing cellulase, algin lyase and papain according to the mass ratio of 3-4: 3-4: 1 to 2.
Preferably, in the step (3), the specific method of acidolysis is as follows: firstly, 25-30% hydrochloric acid solution, 40-50% sulfuric acid solution and 35-45% phosphoric acid solution with mass concentration are mixed according to the volume ratio of 5-7: 3 to 5: 3-5, and then adding the pig hair powder into the mixed acid with the weight 2-3 times of that of the pig hair powder, and carrying out acidolysis treatment for 5-6 hours at 100-110 ℃.
Preferably, in the step (4), the water is used in an amount of 4 to 5 times the total weight of the insoluble matter I, the insoluble matter II and the insoluble matter III.
Preferably, in the step (4), the process conditions of the high-temperature high-pressure treatment are as follows: the treatment is carried out for 3 to 4 hours under the conditions of the temperature of 250 to 300 ℃ and the pressure of 5 to 7 MPa.
Preferably, in the step (4), the specific method of pre-fermentation is as follows: adding a starter into the mixed slurry, and pre-fermenting for 3-5 days at 30-35 ℃ under a sealing condition; wherein, the composition of the ferment is as follows, based on weight parts: 25-35 parts of enterococcus faecalis with the viable bacteria content of 6-8 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g, 5-10 parts of bacillus megatherium with the viable bacteria content of 2-3 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g and 5-10 parts of bacillus laterosporus with the viable bacteria content of 2-3 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g.
Preferably, in the step (5), the mass concentration of the titanium sulfate, the molybdenum nitrate and the zinc chloride in the mixed solution is respectively 0.08-0.1%, 0.05-0.07% and 0.03-0.05%.
Preferably, in the step (5), the inoculation amount of lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes is respectively 2-3%, 1-2% and 0.5-0.7% of the weight of the mixed solution.
Preferably, in the step (5), the fermentation process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 32-35 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 60-70%, and the fermentation time is 60-70 hours.
Preferably, in the step (5), the mixture is concentrated to 1/2 to 1/3 of the original volume.
The biomass fermentation-based liquid fertilizer is obtained by the preparation method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes biomass such as livestock manure, fresh seaweed, abandoned pig hair and the like as raw materials, and utilizes enzymolysis and fermentation technology, and adds a small amount of trace elements such as titanium, molybdenum, zinc and the like to prepare the liquid fertilizer. The invention is based on biomass fermentation, is green and environment-friendly, has good fertilizer efficiency, and is suitable for crop growth in arid and semiarid regions.
1. The livestock manure is pretreated by using steam and Co-60 irradiation, and filtered to obtain a liquid matrix and insoluble substances I. Because the livestock manure contains a large amount of harmful substances and harmful bacteria, the pretreatment is carried out by the combined action of steam and Co-60 irradiation, the harmful bacteria in the livestock manure can be killed, the harmful substances are degraded to realize innocuity, and meanwhile, the Co-60 irradiation can degrade long-chain components into short-chain components, so that the biological activity of the livestock manure is improved, and a good foundation is provided for subsequent biomass fermentation.
2. Removing impurities from fresh seaweed, cutting, grinding to obtain seaweed slurry, mixing with enzyme for enzymolysis, and filtering to obtain seaweed enzymolysis liquid and insoluble substance II. The seaweed contains a large amount of cellulose, polysaccharide, protein and the like, and the mixed enzyme is formed by mixing cellulase, algin lyase and papain, so that under the action of the mixed enzyme, the macromolecular components in the seaweed are degraded into small molecules, and the absorption of crops is facilitated.
3. Washing and crushing the waste pig hair to obtain pig hair powder, then acidolyzing the pig hair powder by using mixed acid, adjusting the pH to be 7, and filtering to obtain pig hair acidolyzed solution and insoluble matter III. The waste pig hair contains a large amount of protein, the mixed acid is prepared by mixing hydrochloric acid solution, sulfuric acid solution and phosphoric acid solution, the mixed acid acidolysis can promote the protein hydrolysis in the waste pig hair, and the pig hair acidolysis solution contains a large amount of nutrient components such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like.
4. Adding insoluble substances I, II and III into water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, treating at high temperature and high pressure to obtain mixed slurry, pre-fermenting, and filtering to obtain filtrate. As the insoluble substances I, II and III still contain a large amount of nutrient elements, the insoluble substances I, II and III are dispersed in water, high-temperature and high-pressure treatment and pre-fermentation are carried out, the dehydration and decarboxylation reaction is promoted under the high-temperature and high-pressure condition, small organic molecules are released, the starter used in the pre-fermentation is prepared by mixing enterococcus faecalis, bacillus megaterium and bacillus laterosporus, and the nutrient components in the insoluble substances are fully released.
5. Mixing the filtrate with liquid matrix, seaweed enzymolysis solution and pig hair acidolysis solution uniformly, adding titanium sulfate, molybdenum nitrate and zinc chloride, stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved, obtaining mixed solution, sterilizing, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes, fermenting, and concentrating to obtain the liquid fertilizer. According to the invention, titanium sulfate, molybdenum nitrate and zinc chloride are added, so that bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes are promoted to ferment on one hand, and on the other hand, the trace element metal ions are chelated with organic acid and the like generated by fermentation to form chelate in the fermentation process, thereby being beneficial to absorption of crops and promoting growth of the crops.
6. Besides providing a part of water for the growth of crops in arid areas, the liquid fertilizer disclosed by the invention contains rich nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, so that the growth of root systems of the crops is promoted, the manufacture and transportation of photosynthetic nutrients are improved, the generation of protein is promoted, and the normal growth and metabolism of the crops under arid conditions are ensured, thereby promoting the growth of the crops. In addition, organic matters, saccharides, trace metal elements and the like contained in the liquid fertilizer play a role in assisting, and further promote the growth of crops under drought conditions.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.
Example 1:
The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer based on biomass fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, pretreating 100kg of livestock manure (cow manure) by using steam and Co-60 irradiation, and filtering to obtain a liquid matrix and insoluble substances I;
(2) Removing impurities from 65kg of fresh seaweed, shearing, grinding to obtain seaweed slurry, carrying out enzymolysis by mixed enzyme, and filtering to obtain seaweed enzymolysis liquid and insoluble matter II;
(3) Then cleaning and crushing 40kg of waste pig hair to prepare pig hair powder, then acidolyzing the pig hair powder by using mixed acid, adjusting the pH value to be 7, and filtering to obtain pig hair acidolyzed solution and insoluble matter III;
(4) Adding the insoluble substances I, II and III into water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, performing high-temperature high-pressure treatment to obtain mixed slurry, pre-fermenting, and filtering to obtain filtrate;
(5) And finally, uniformly mixing the filtrate with a liquid matrix, seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate and pig hair acidolysis solution, adding titanium sulfate, molybdenum nitrate and zinc chloride, stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved, obtaining a mixed solution, sterilizing, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes, fermenting, and concentrating to 1/2 of the original volume to obtain the liquid fertilizer.
In the step (1), the specific method of pretreatment is as follows: under Co-60 irradiation, introducing steam with the temperature of 250 ℃ and the pressure of 3MPa into the livestock and poultry manure while stirring, and maintaining the steam temperature and the steam pressure for 40 minutes; the Co-60 dose was 300kGy.
In the step (2), the specific method of enzymolysis of the mixed enzyme comprises the following steps: adding 0.02 times of mixed enzyme into seaweed slurry, and performing enzymolysis at 40deg.C under ultrasonic 300W for 3 hr; wherein, the mixed enzyme is prepared by mixing cellulase, algin lyase and papain according to a mass ratio of 3:3:1, and mixing.
In the step (3), the acidolysis method comprises the following steps: firstly, 25% hydrochloric acid solution, 40% sulfuric acid solution and 35% phosphoric acid solution with mass concentration are mixed according to the volume ratio of 5:3:3, uniformly mixing to prepare mixed acid, then adding the pig hair powder into the mixed acid with the weight being 2 times of that of the pig hair powder, and carrying out acidolysis treatment at 100 ℃ for 5 hours.
In the step (4), the water is used in an amount of 4 times the total weight of the insoluble matter I, the insoluble matter II and the insoluble matter III.
In the step (4), the process conditions of the high-temperature high-pressure treatment are as follows: the treatment is carried out for 3 hours at 250 ℃ and 5 MPa.
In the step (4), the specific method of pre-fermentation is as follows: adding a starter into the mixed slurry, and pre-fermenting at 30 ℃ for 3 days under a sealing condition; wherein the composition of the starter is as follows: 250g of enterococcus faecalis with the viable bacteria content of 6 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g, 50g of bacillus megaterium with the viable bacteria content of 2 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g and 50g of bacillus laterosporus with the viable bacteria content of 2 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g.
In the step (5), the mass concentrations of the titanium sulfate, the molybdenum nitrate and the zinc chloride in the mixed solution are respectively 0.08%, 0.05% and 0.03%.
In the step (5), the inoculation amount of lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes is respectively 2 percent, 1 percent and 0.5 percent of the weight of the mixed solution.
In the step (5), the fermentation process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 32 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 60 percent, and the fermentation time is 60 hours.
Example 2:
The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer based on biomass fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, pretreating 100kg of livestock manure (cow manure) by using steam and Co-60 irradiation, and filtering to obtain a liquid matrix and insoluble substances I;
(2) Removing impurities from 75kg of fresh seaweed, shearing, grinding to prepare seaweed slurry, carrying out enzymolysis by mixed enzyme, and filtering to obtain seaweed enzymolysis liquid and insoluble matters II;
(3) Then cleaning 50kg of waste pig hair, crushing to obtain pig hair powder, acidolyzing the pig hair powder by using mixed acid, adjusting the pH value to be 7, and filtering to obtain pig hair acidolyzed solution and insoluble matter III;
(4) Adding the insoluble substances I, II and III into water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, performing high-temperature high-pressure treatment to obtain mixed slurry, pre-fermenting, and filtering to obtain filtrate;
(5) And finally, uniformly mixing the filtrate with a liquid matrix, seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate and pig hair acidolysis solution, adding titanium sulfate, molybdenum nitrate and zinc chloride, stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved, obtaining a mixed solution, sterilizing, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes, fermenting, and concentrating to 1/3 of the original volume to obtain the liquid fertilizer.
In the step (1), the specific method of pretreatment is as follows: under Co-60 irradiation, introducing steam with the temperature of 300 ℃ and the pressure of 4MPa into the livestock and poultry manure while stirring, and maintaining the steam temperature and the steam pressure for 50 minutes; the Co-60 dose was 400kGy.
In the step (2), the specific method of enzymolysis of the mixed enzyme comprises the following steps: adding 0.03 times of mixed enzyme into the seaweed slurry, and performing enzymolysis at 50 ℃ under the condition of ultrasonic 400W for 4 hours; wherein, the mixed enzyme is prepared by mixing cellulase, algin lyase and papain according to a mass ratio of 4:4:2, mixing.
In the step (3), the acidolysis method comprises the following steps: firstly, a 30% hydrochloric acid solution, a 50% sulfuric acid solution and a 45% phosphoric acid solution with mass concentration are mixed according to a volume ratio of 7:5:5, uniformly mixing to prepare mixed acid, and then adding the pig hair powder into the mixed acid with the weight being 3 times of that of the pig hair powder, and carrying out acidolysis treatment at 110 ℃ for 6 hours.
In the step (4), the water is used in an amount of 5 times the total weight of the insoluble matter I, the insoluble matter II and the insoluble matter III.
In the step (4), the process conditions of the high-temperature high-pressure treatment are as follows: the treatment is carried out for 4 hours at 300 ℃ and 7 MPa.
In the step (4), the specific method of pre-fermentation is as follows: adding a starter into the mixed slurry, and pre-fermenting at 35 ℃ for 5 days under a sealing condition; wherein the composition of the starter is as follows: 350g of enterococcus faecalis with the viable bacteria content of 8 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g, 100g of bacillus megaterium with the viable bacteria content of 3 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g and 100g of bacillus laterosporus with the viable bacteria content of 3 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g.
In the step (5), the mass concentrations of the titanium sulfate, the molybdenum nitrate and the zinc chloride in the mixed solution are respectively 0.1%, 0.07% and 0.05%.
In the step (5), the inoculation amount of lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes is respectively 3%, 2% and 0.7% of the weight of the mixed solution.
In the step (5), the fermentation process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 35 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 70 percent, and the fermentation time is 70 hours.
Example 3:
The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer based on biomass fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, pretreating 100kg of livestock manure (cow manure) by using steam and Co-60 irradiation, and filtering to obtain a liquid matrix and insoluble substances I;
(2) Removing impurities from 65kg of fresh seaweed, shearing, grinding to obtain seaweed slurry, carrying out enzymolysis by mixed enzyme, and filtering to obtain seaweed enzymolysis liquid and insoluble matter II;
(3) Then cleaning 50kg of waste pig hair, crushing to obtain pig hair powder, acidolyzing the pig hair powder by using mixed acid, adjusting the pH value to be 7, and filtering to obtain pig hair acidolyzed solution and insoluble matter III;
(4) Adding the insoluble substances I, II and III into water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, performing high-temperature high-pressure treatment to obtain mixed slurry, pre-fermenting, and filtering to obtain filtrate;
(5) And finally, uniformly mixing the filtrate with a liquid matrix, seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate and pig hair acidolysis solution, adding titanium sulfate, molybdenum nitrate and zinc chloride, stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved, obtaining a mixed solution, sterilizing, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes, fermenting, and concentrating to 1/2 of the original volume to obtain the liquid fertilizer.
In the step (1), the specific method of pretreatment is as follows: under Co-60 irradiation, introducing steam with the temperature of 300 ℃ and the pressure of 3MPa into the livestock and poultry manure while stirring, and maintaining the steam temperature and the steam pressure for 50 minutes; the Co-60 dose was 300kGy.
In the step (2), the specific method of enzymolysis of the mixed enzyme comprises the following steps: adding 0.03 times of mixed enzyme into the seaweed slurry, and performing enzymolysis at 40 ℃ under the condition of ultrasonic 400W for 3 hours; wherein, the mixed enzyme is prepared by mixing cellulase, algin lyase and papain according to a mass ratio of 4:3:2, mixing.
In the step (3), the acidolysis method comprises the following steps: firstly, 25% hydrochloric acid solution, 50% sulfuric acid solution and 35% phosphoric acid solution with mass concentration are mixed according to the volume ratio of 7:3:5, uniformly mixing to prepare mixed acid, and then adding the pig hair powder into the mixed acid with the weight being 2 times of that of the pig hair powder, and carrying out acidolysis treatment at 110 ℃ for 5 hours.
In the step (4), the water is used in an amount of 5 times the total weight of the insoluble matter I, the insoluble matter II and the insoluble matter III.
In the step (4), the process conditions of the high-temperature high-pressure treatment are as follows: the treatment is carried out for 3 hours at a temperature of 250 ℃ and a pressure of 7 MPa.
In the step (4), the specific method of pre-fermentation is as follows: adding a starter into the mixed slurry, and pre-fermenting at 35 ℃ for 3 days under a sealing condition; wherein the composition of the starter is as follows: 250g of enterococcus faecalis with the viable bacteria content of 8 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g, 50g of bacillus megaterium with the viable bacteria content of 3 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g and 50g of bacillus laterosporus with the viable bacteria content of 3 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g.
In the step (5), the mass concentrations of the titanium sulfate, the molybdenum nitrate and the zinc chloride in the mixed solution are respectively 0.1%, 0.05% and 0.05%.
In the step (5), the inoculation amount of lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes is respectively 2 percent, 2 percent and 0.5 percent of the weight of the mixed solution.
In the step (5), the fermentation process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 35 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 60 percent, and the fermentation time is 70 hours.
Example 4:
The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer based on biomass fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, pretreating 100kg of livestock manure (cow manure) by using steam and Co-60 irradiation, and filtering to obtain a liquid matrix and insoluble substances I;
(2) Removing impurities from 75kg of fresh seaweed, shearing, grinding to prepare seaweed slurry, carrying out enzymolysis by mixed enzyme, and filtering to obtain seaweed enzymolysis liquid and insoluble matters II;
(3) Then cleaning and crushing 40kg of waste pig hair to prepare pig hair powder, then acidolyzing the pig hair powder by using mixed acid, adjusting the pH value to be 7, and filtering to obtain pig hair acidolyzed solution and insoluble matter III;
(4) Adding the insoluble substances I, II and III into water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, performing high-temperature high-pressure treatment to obtain mixed slurry, pre-fermenting, and filtering to obtain filtrate;
(5) And finally, uniformly mixing the filtrate with a liquid matrix, seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate and pig hair acidolysis solution, adding titanium sulfate, molybdenum nitrate and zinc chloride, stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved, obtaining a mixed solution, sterilizing, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes, fermenting, and concentrating to 1/3 of the original volume to obtain the liquid fertilizer.
In the step (1), the specific method of pretreatment is as follows: under Co-60 irradiation, introducing steam with the temperature of 250 ℃ and the pressure of 4MPa into the livestock and poultry manure while stirring, and maintaining the steam temperature and the steam pressure for 50 minutes; the Co-60 dose was 400kGy.
In the step (2), the specific method of enzymolysis of the mixed enzyme comprises the following steps: adding 0.02 times of mixed enzyme into seaweed slurry, and performing enzymolysis at 50deg.C under ultrasonic 300W for 4 hr; wherein, the mixed enzyme is prepared by mixing cellulase, algin lyase and papain according to a mass ratio of 3:4:1, and mixing.
In the step (3), the acidolysis method comprises the following steps: firstly, a 30% hydrochloric acid solution, a 40% sulfuric acid solution and a 45% phosphoric acid solution with mass concentration are mixed according to a volume ratio of 5:5:3, uniformly mixing to prepare mixed acid, then adding the pig hair powder into the mixed acid with the weight being 3 times of that of the pig hair powder, and carrying out acidolysis treatment at 100 ℃ for 6 hours.
In the step (4), the water is used in an amount of 4 times the total weight of the insoluble matter I, the insoluble matter II and the insoluble matter III.
In the step (4), the process conditions of the high-temperature high-pressure treatment are as follows: the treatment is carried out for 4 hours at 300 ℃ and 5 MPa.
In the step (4), the specific method of pre-fermentation is as follows: adding a starter into the mixed slurry, and pre-fermenting at 30 ℃ for 5 days under a sealing condition; wherein the composition of the starter is as follows: 350g of enterococcus faecalis with the viable bacteria content of 6 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g, 100g of bacillus megaterium with the viable bacteria content of 2 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g and 100g of bacillus laterosporus with the viable bacteria content of 2 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g.
In the step (5), the mass concentrations of the titanium sulfate, the molybdenum nitrate and the zinc chloride in the mixed solution are respectively 0.08%, 0.07% and 0.03%.
In the step (5), the inoculation amount of lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes is respectively 3 percent, 1 percent and 0.7 percent of the weight of the mixed solution.
In the step (5), the fermentation process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 32 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 70%, and the fermentation time is 60 hours.
Example 5:
The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer based on biomass fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, pretreating 100kg of livestock manure (cow manure) by using steam and Co-60 irradiation, and filtering to obtain a liquid matrix and insoluble substances I;
(2) Removing impurities from 70kg of fresh seaweed, shearing, grinding to prepare seaweed slurry, carrying out enzymolysis by mixed enzyme, and filtering to obtain seaweed enzymolysis liquid and insoluble matters II;
(3) Then cleaning and crushing 45kg of waste pig hair to prepare pig hair powder, then acidolyzing the pig hair powder by using mixed acid, adjusting the pH value to be 7, and filtering to obtain pig hair acidolyzed solution and insoluble matter III;
(4) Adding the insoluble substances I, II and III into water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, performing high-temperature high-pressure treatment to obtain mixed slurry, pre-fermenting, and filtering to obtain filtrate;
(5) And finally, uniformly mixing the filtrate with a liquid matrix, seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate and pig hair acidolysis solution, adding titanium sulfate, molybdenum nitrate and zinc chloride, stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved, obtaining a mixed solution, sterilizing, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes, fermenting, and concentrating to 1/2 of the original volume to obtain the liquid fertilizer.
In the step (1), the specific method of pretreatment is as follows: under Co-60 irradiation, introducing steam with the temperature of 280 ℃ and the pressure of 4MPa into the livestock and poultry manure while stirring, and maintaining the steam temperature and the steam pressure for 45 minutes; the Co-60 dose was 400kGy.
In the step (2), the specific method of enzymolysis of the mixed enzyme comprises the following steps: adding 0.025 times of mixed enzyme into seaweed slurry, and performing enzymolysis at 45deg.C under ultrasonic 400W for 3.5 hr; wherein, the mixed enzyme is prepared by mixing cellulase, algin lyase and papain according to a mass ratio of 3.5:3.5: 1.5.
In the step (3), the acidolysis method comprises the following steps: firstly, 28% hydrochloric acid solution with mass concentration, 45% sulfuric acid solution with mass concentration and 40% phosphoric acid solution with mass concentration are mixed according to the volume ratio of 6:4:4, uniformly mixing to prepare mixed acid, and then adding the pig hair powder into the mixed acid with the weight being 2.5 times of that of the pig hair powder, and carrying out acidolysis treatment at 105 ℃ for 5.5 hours.
In the step (4), the amount of water is 4.5 times of the total weight of the insoluble matter I, the insoluble matter II and the insoluble matter III.
In the step (4), the process conditions of the high-temperature high-pressure treatment are as follows: the treatment is carried out for 3.5 hours at a temperature of 280 ℃ and a pressure of 6 MPa.
In the step (4), the specific method of pre-fermentation is as follows: adding a starter into the mixed slurry, and pre-fermenting for 4 days at 32 ℃ under a sealing condition; wherein the composition of the starter is as follows: 300g of enterococcus faecalis with the viable bacteria content of 7 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g, 80g of bacillus megaterium with the viable bacteria content of 2.5X10 10 cfu/g and 80g of bacillus laterosporus with the viable bacteria content of 2 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g.
In the step (5), the mass concentrations of the titanium sulfate, the molybdenum nitrate and the zinc chloride in the mixed solution are respectively 0.09%, 0.06% and 0.04%.
In the step (5), the inoculation amount of lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes is respectively 2.5 percent, 1.5 percent and 0.6 percent of the weight of the mixed solution.
In the step (5), the fermentation process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 33 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 65 percent, and the fermentation time is 65 hours.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer based on biomass fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, pretreating 100kg of livestock manure (cow manure) by using steam and Co-60 irradiation, and filtering to obtain a liquid matrix and insoluble substances I;
(2) Removing impurities from 65kg of fresh seaweed, shearing, grinding to obtain seaweed slurry, carrying out enzymolysis by mixed enzyme, and filtering to obtain seaweed enzymolysis liquid and insoluble matter II;
(3) Adding the insoluble substances I and II into water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, performing high-temperature high-pressure treatment to obtain mixed slurry, pre-fermenting, and filtering to obtain filtrate;
(4) And finally, uniformly mixing the filtrate with a liquid matrix and seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate, adding titanium sulfate, molybdenum nitrate and zinc chloride, stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved, obtaining a mixed solution, sterilizing, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes, fermenting, and concentrating to 1/2 of the original volume to obtain the liquid fertilizer.
In the step (1), the specific method of pretreatment is as follows: under Co-60 irradiation, introducing steam with the temperature of 250 ℃ and the pressure of 3MPa into the livestock and poultry manure while stirring, and maintaining the steam temperature and the steam pressure for 40 minutes; the Co-60 dose was 300kGy.
In the step (2), the specific method of enzymolysis of the mixed enzyme comprises the following steps: adding 0.02 times of mixed enzyme into seaweed slurry, and performing enzymolysis at 40deg.C under ultrasonic 300W for 3 hr; wherein, the mixed enzyme is prepared by mixing cellulase, algin lyase and papain according to a mass ratio of 3:3:1, and mixing.
In the step (3), the water is used in an amount which is 4 times the total weight of the insoluble substances I and II.
In the step (3), the process conditions of the high-temperature high-pressure treatment are as follows: the treatment is carried out for 3 hours at 250 ℃ and 5 MPa.
In the step (3), the specific method of pre-fermentation is as follows: adding a starter into the mixed slurry, and pre-fermenting at 30 ℃ for 3 days under a sealing condition; wherein the composition of the starter is as follows: 250g of enterococcus faecalis with the viable bacteria content of 6 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g, 50g of bacillus megaterium with the viable bacteria content of 2 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g and 50g of bacillus laterosporus with the viable bacteria content of 2 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g.
In the step (4), the mass concentrations of the titanium sulfate, the molybdenum nitrate and the zinc chloride in the mixed solution are respectively 0.08%, 0.05% and 0.03%.
In the step (4), the inoculation amount of lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes is respectively 2 percent, 1 percent and 0.5 percent of the weight of the mixed solution.
In the step (4), the fermentation process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 32 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 60 percent, and the fermentation time is 60 hours.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer based on biomass fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, pretreating 100kg of livestock manure (cow manure) by using steam and Co-60 irradiation, and filtering to obtain a liquid matrix and insoluble substances I;
(2) Removing impurities from 65kg of fresh seaweed, shearing, grinding to obtain seaweed slurry, carrying out enzymolysis by mixed enzyme, and filtering to obtain seaweed enzymolysis liquid and insoluble matter II;
(3) Then cleaning and crushing 40kg of waste pig hair to prepare pig hair powder, then acidolyzing the pig hair powder by using mixed acid, adjusting the pH value to be 7, and filtering to obtain pig hair acidolyzed solution and insoluble matter III;
(4) Adding the insoluble substances I, II and III into water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, performing high-temperature high-pressure treatment to obtain mixed slurry, pre-fermenting, and filtering to obtain filtrate;
(5) And finally, uniformly mixing the filtrate with a liquid matrix, seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate and pig hair acidolysis solution, adding molybdenum nitrate and zinc chloride, stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved, obtaining a mixed solution, sterilizing, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes, fermenting, and concentrating to 1/2 of the original volume to obtain the liquid fertilizer.
In the step (1), the specific method of pretreatment is as follows: under Co-60 irradiation, introducing steam with the temperature of 250 ℃ and the pressure of 3MPa into the livestock and poultry manure while stirring, and maintaining the steam temperature and the steam pressure for 40 minutes; the Co-60 dose was 300kGy.
In the step (2), the specific method of enzymolysis of the mixed enzyme comprises the following steps: adding 0.02 times of mixed enzyme into seaweed slurry, and performing enzymolysis at 40deg.C under ultrasonic 300W for 3 hr; wherein, the mixed enzyme is prepared by mixing cellulase, algin lyase and papain according to a mass ratio of 3:3:1, and mixing.
In the step (3), the acidolysis method comprises the following steps: firstly, 25% hydrochloric acid solution, 40% sulfuric acid solution and 35% phosphoric acid solution with mass concentration are mixed according to the volume ratio of 5:3:3, uniformly mixing to prepare mixed acid, then adding the pig hair powder into the mixed acid with the weight being 2 times of that of the pig hair powder, and carrying out acidolysis treatment at 100 ℃ for 5 hours.
In the step (4), the water is used in an amount of 4 times the total weight of the insoluble matter I, the insoluble matter II and the insoluble matter III.
In the step (4), the process conditions of the high-temperature high-pressure treatment are as follows: the treatment is carried out for 3 hours at 250 ℃ and 5 MPa.
In the step (4), the specific method of pre-fermentation is as follows: adding a starter into the mixed slurry, and pre-fermenting at 30 ℃ for 3 days under a sealing condition; wherein the composition of the starter is as follows: 250g of enterococcus faecalis with the viable bacteria content of 6 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g, 50g of bacillus megaterium with the viable bacteria content of 2 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g and 50g of bacillus laterosporus with the viable bacteria content of 2 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g.
In the step (5), the mass concentrations of the molybdenum nitrate and the zinc chloride in the mixed solution are respectively 0.05 percent and 0.03 percent.
In the step (5), the inoculation amount of lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes is respectively 2 percent, 1 percent and 0.5 percent of the weight of the mixed solution.
In the step (5), the fermentation process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 32 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 60 percent, and the fermentation time is 60 hours.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the liquid fertilizer based on biomass fermentation comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, pretreating 100kg of livestock manure (cow manure) by using steam and Co-60 irradiation, and filtering to obtain a liquid matrix and insoluble substances I;
(2) Removing impurities from 65kg of fresh seaweed, shearing, grinding to obtain seaweed slurry, carrying out enzymolysis by mixed enzyme, and filtering to obtain seaweed enzymolysis liquid and insoluble matter II;
(3) Then cleaning and crushing 40kg of waste pig hair to prepare pig hair powder, then acidolyzing the pig hair powder by using mixed acid, adjusting the pH value to be 7, and filtering to obtain pig hair acidolyzed solution and insoluble matter III;
(4) Adding the insoluble substances I, II and III into water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, performing high-temperature high-pressure treatment to obtain mixed slurry, pre-fermenting, and filtering to obtain filtrate;
(5) And finally, uniformly mixing the filtrate with a liquid matrix, seaweed enzymatic hydrolysate and pig hair acidolysis solution, adding titanium sulfate, molybdenum nitrate and zinc chloride, stirring until the mixture is completely dissolved, obtaining a mixed solution, sterilizing, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum and bacillus mucilaginosus, fermenting, and concentrating to 1/2 of the original volume to obtain the liquid fertilizer.
In the step (1), the specific method of pretreatment is as follows: under Co-60 irradiation, introducing steam with the temperature of 250 ℃ and the pressure of 3MPa into the livestock and poultry manure while stirring, and maintaining the steam temperature and the steam pressure for 40 minutes; the Co-60 dose was 300kGy.
In the step (2), the specific method of enzymolysis of the mixed enzyme comprises the following steps: adding 0.02 times of mixed enzyme into seaweed slurry, and performing enzymolysis at 40deg.C under ultrasonic 300W for 3 hr; wherein, the mixed enzyme is prepared by mixing cellulase, algin lyase and papain according to a mass ratio of 3:3:1, and mixing.
In the step (3), the acidolysis method comprises the following steps: firstly, 25% hydrochloric acid solution, 40% sulfuric acid solution and 35% phosphoric acid solution with mass concentration are mixed according to the volume ratio of 5:3:3, uniformly mixing to prepare mixed acid, then adding the pig hair powder into the mixed acid with the weight being 2 times of that of the pig hair powder, and carrying out acidolysis treatment at 100 ℃ for 5 hours.
In the step (4), the water is used in an amount of 4 times the total weight of the insoluble matter I, the insoluble matter II and the insoluble matter III.
In the step (4), the process conditions of the high-temperature high-pressure treatment are as follows: the treatment is carried out for 3 hours at 250 ℃ and 5 MPa.
In the step (4), the specific method of pre-fermentation is as follows: adding a starter into the mixed slurry, and pre-fermenting at 30 ℃ for 3 days under a sealing condition; wherein the composition of the starter is as follows: 250g of enterococcus faecalis with the viable bacteria content of 6 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g, 50g of bacillus megaterium with the viable bacteria content of 2 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g and 50g of bacillus laterosporus with the viable bacteria content of 2 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g.
In the step (5), the mass concentrations of the titanium sulfate, the molybdenum nitrate and the zinc chloride in the mixed solution are respectively 0.08%, 0.05% and 0.03%.
In the step (5), the inoculation amount of the lactobacillus plantarum and the bacillus mucilaginosus is respectively 2 percent and 1 percent of the weight of the mixed solution.
In the step (5), the fermentation process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 32 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 60 percent, and the fermentation time is 60 hours.
The liquid fertilizers obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to fertilizer efficiency tests, respectively, by the following methods:
Under the same soil condition, randomly dividing into 9 cells with the same area, wherein the area of each cell is 40m 2, and carrying out cucumber planting test under drought condition. Cucumber variety is jin spring No. 3, high furrow ridge culture and wide and narrow row cultivation, wherein the liquid fertilizer obtained in examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-3 is applied to root irrigation of 8 cells, equal amount of clear water is applied to the rest 1 cell as a control group, the application amount is 10L/m 2, the application is carried out once every ten days, and the whole growth process keeps drought condition until the cucumber is ripe and harvested. The cucumber growth was examined and the results are shown in Table 1.
Drought conditions: the soil moisture content was 50% of the field maximum water holding capacity (taking a certain weight of air-dried soil to be placed in a plastic pot with holes at the bottom, filling water to saturate the soil in the plastic pot, weighing the total weight after overnight and calculating the soil moisture content so that the soil moisture content is the field maximum water holding capacity).
TABLE 1 cucumber growth under drought conditions
| Mu yield (kg/mu) | Downy mildew condition index (%) | Soluble sugar (%) | Vitamin C (mg/kg) | |
| Control group | 5001 | 39.2 | 1.95 | 66.1 |
| Example 1 | 7356 | 17.8 | 2.43 | 90.5 |
| Example 2 | 7359 | 17.7 | 2.43 | 90.6 |
| Example 3 | 7365 | 17.5 | 2.46 | 90.8 |
| Example 4 | 7366 | 17.5 | 2.47 | 90.9 |
| Example 5 | 7372 | 16.8 | 2.51 | 91.2 |
| Comparative example 1 | 6832 | 22.1 | 2.21 | 83.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 6905 | 20.5 | 2.35 | 85.9 |
| Comparative example 3 | 6881 | 21.3 | 2.29 | 84.3 |
As can be seen from table 1, the liquid fertilizers of examples 1 to 5 significantly improved both the cucumber yield and quality under drought conditions as compared with the control group, indicating that the liquid fertilizer of the present invention is significantly advantageous for crop growth under drought conditions.
The waste pig hair is omitted in comparative example 1, titanium sulfate is omitted in comparative example 2, actinomycetes are omitted in comparative example 3, the yield and quality of cucumbers are obviously deteriorated, and the synergistic effect of the raw material composition and the fermentation strain of the invention is demonstrated to jointly promote the growth of crops.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments are only intended to illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail by means of the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The preparation method of the biomass fermentation-based liquid fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) Firstly, pretreating livestock manure by using steam and Co-60 irradiation, and filtering to obtain a liquid matrix and insoluble substances I;
(2) Removing impurities from fresh seaweed, cutting, grinding to obtain seaweed slurry, performing enzymolysis with mixed enzyme, and filtering to obtain seaweed enzymolysis solution and insoluble substance II;
(3) Then cleaning and crushing the waste pig hair to prepare pig hair powder, then acidolyzing the pig hair powder by using mixed acid, adjusting the pH value to be 7, and filtering to obtain pig hair acidolyzed solution and insoluble matter III;
(4) Adding the insoluble substances I, II and III into water, stirring and dispersing uniformly, performing high-temperature high-pressure treatment to obtain mixed slurry, pre-fermenting, and filtering to obtain filtrate;
(5) Mixing the filtrate with liquid matrix, seaweed enzymolysis solution and pig hair acidolysis solution uniformly, adding titanium sulfate, molybdenum nitrate and zinc chloride, stirring to dissolve completely to obtain mixed solution, sterilizing, inoculating lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus mucilaginosus and actinomycetes, fermenting, and concentrating to obtain the liquid fertilizer;
The mass ratio of the livestock manure, the fresh seaweed and the waste pig hair is 100: 65-75: 40-50 percent; in the step (1), the specific method of pretreatment is as follows: under Co-60 irradiation, introducing steam with the temperature of 250-300 ℃ and the pressure of 3-4 MPa into the livestock and poultry manure while stirring, and maintaining the steam temperature and the steam pressure for 40-50 minutes; the Co-60 irradiation dose is 300-400 kGy;
The specific method for enzymolysis by the mixed enzyme comprises the following steps: adding 0.02-0.03 times of mixed enzyme into seaweed slurry, and performing enzymolysis at 40-50 ℃ under the condition of ultrasonic wave 300-400W for 3-4 hours;
wherein, the mixed enzyme is prepared by mixing cellulase, algin lyase and papain according to the mass ratio of 3-4: 3-4: 1-2, mixing to obtain the product;
The acidolysis method comprises the following steps: firstly, 25-30% hydrochloric acid solution, 40-50% sulfuric acid solution and 35-45% phosphoric acid solution with mass concentration are mixed according to the volume ratio of 5-7: 3 to 5: 3-5, and then adding the pig hair powder into the mixed acid with the weight 2-3 times of that of the pig hair powder, and performing acidolysis treatment at 100-110 ℃ for 5-6 hours;
The specific method for pre-fermentation comprises the following steps: adding a starter into the mixed slurry, and pre-fermenting for 3-5 days at 30-35 ℃ under a sealing condition; wherein, the composition of the ferment is as follows, based on weight parts: 25-35 parts of enterococcus faecalis with the viable bacteria content of 6-8 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g, 5-10 parts of bacillus megatherium with the viable bacteria content of 2-3 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g and 5-10 parts of bacillus laterosporus with the viable bacteria content of 2-3 multiplied by 10 10 cfu/g;
In the step (5), the mass concentration of the titanium sulfate, the molybdenum nitrate and the zinc chloride in the mixed solution is respectively 0.08-0.1%, 0.05-0.07% and 0.03-0.05%; the inoculation amount of the lactobacillus plantarum, the bacillus mucilaginosus and the actinomycetes is respectively 2 to 3 percent, 1 to 2 percent and 0.5 to 0.7 percent of the weight of the mixed solution; the fermentation process conditions are as follows: the temperature is 32-35 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 60-70%, and the fermentation time is 60-70 hours; concentrating to 1/2-1/3 of the original volume.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein in step (4), the amount of water is 4 to 5 times the total weight of insoluble matter I, insoluble matter II and insoluble matter III.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the process conditions of the high temperature and high pressure treatment are as follows: the treatment is carried out for 3 to 4 hours under the conditions of the temperature of 250 to 300 ℃ and the pressure of 5 to 7 MPa.
4. Liquid fertilizer based on biomass fermentation, characterized in that it is obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
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