CN108383653A - A kind of method and bio-organic fertilizer preparing fertilizer using stalk - Google Patents
A kind of method and bio-organic fertilizer preparing fertilizer using stalk Download PDFInfo
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- CN108383653A CN108383653A CN201810304348.8A CN201810304348A CN108383653A CN 108383653 A CN108383653 A CN 108383653A CN 201810304348 A CN201810304348 A CN 201810304348A CN 108383653 A CN108383653 A CN 108383653A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of methods and bio-organic fertilizer preparing fertilizer using stalk.The method decomposes difficult problem for fermentation in the prior art; it is compounded using different types of microorganism (bacterium, actinomyces and fungi); obtain fermenting agent that is relatively reliable and stable, being capable of rapid decomposing and fermenting stalk between microorganism; then it is fermented to stalk using the fermenting agent; finally obtain bio-organic fertilizer; both stalk has been handled; protect got back humic acid, the content of organic matter of environment high; meet the bio-organic fertilizer of innoxious index request; turn waste into wealth, kills two birds with one stone.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizer manufacture, and in particular to a kind of to prepare the method for fertilizer using stalk and use institute
State the bio-organic fertilizer of method preparation.
Background technology
It is well known that the rural area that China is vast, a large amount of agricultural fertilizers are all the inorganic fertilizers of industrialized production, although to agriculture
Industry obvious effect of increasing production, but due to singly applying for a long time or partially to fertilize, it is suppressed that Soil Microorganism group and its biological enzyme group
Life is numerous and positive effect, cause soil with organic matter seriously to reduce, soil is seriously hardened, and comprehensive fertility declines, ecological environment
It destroys, corps nutrient imbalance, autoantibody weakens, and product quality is inferior, and food gathers toxin, jeopardizes human and livestock health.
As industrial and agricultural production rapid development and population increase, China's organic waste is with the rate delivery of average annual 5%-10%
Increase.Traditional treatment method has been not suitable with the requirement of modern society.According to statistics, the year yield of China's agricultural wastes has reached closely
6000000000 tons, but utilization rate is only 33%.Currently, about 30% agricultural crop straw is incinerated, about 10% stalk is stacked at for a long time
Irrigation canals and ditches, roadside, it is serious to pollute air and water environment.The feces of livestock and poultry of farm enters water body and reaches 25-30%, directly to underground water
It pollutes, causes environmental pollution and natural ecologic deteriation.
Microbial technique has critical effect, microbe inoculation microbial inoculum during agricultural wastes recycling
The course of fermentation that can promote agricultural wastes realizes that the Fertilizer Transformed of agricultural wastes utilizes, and microbial manure is made, cultivation is educated
The series of products such as seedling matrix and feed, can promote the development of green organic agricultural, control and reduce rural environmental pollution, improve
Ecological Environment is increased farmers' income, to realizing that ecological economy benign cycle and the sustainable development of agricultural are significant.
Conversely, the random discarding or discharge of agricultural wastes, necessarily lead to serious environmental pollution, Ecological Environment are made to deteriorate, make
The about sustainable development of the all-round construction of well-off society and agricultural.
In agricultural waste gurry, largely exist and it is reluctant be exactly stalk, due to wherein contain more fiber
Element and lignin cause fermentation to be decomposed difficult, it is difficult to apply.
Invention content
Of the existing technology in order to solve the problems, such as, the present invention provides a kind of method and lifes preparing fertilizer using stalk
Organic fertilizer material.The method decomposes difficult problem for fermentation in the prior art, (thin using different types of microorganism
Bacterium, actinomyces and fungi) it is compounded, obtain fermentation that is relatively reliable and stable, being capable of rapid decomposing and fermenting stalk between microorganism
Then microbial inoculum ferments to stalk using the fermenting agent, bio-organic fertilizer is finally obtained, and has both handled stalk, protects
It is high to have protected got back humic acid, the content of organic matter of environment, has met the bio-organic fertilizer of innoxious index request, change give up into
Treasured kills two birds with one stone.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods preparing fertilizer using stalk.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the bio-organic fertilizer of the method preparation.
The technical scheme is that：
A method of fertilizer being prepared using stalk, is included the following steps：
A, fermenting agent is prepared：
Cellvibrio and rhizobium are mixed, cultivated 12-16 hours at bacterium seed culture medium, 35-39 DEG C；Then exist
Bacterium shaking table culture base, 35-39 DEG C, shaking speed be 140-160r/min under cultivate 16-20 hours；Finally trained in bacterial fermentation
Support base, 35-39 DEG C, shaking speed be fermented and cultured 16-24 hour under 140-160r/min, fermented and cultured obtains mother after the completion
Liquid, as bacterial solution, living bacteria count >=5.0 × 10 in the bacterial solution9cfu/mL；
15-21 is cultivated under being 170-190r/min in Gause I culture medium, 32-36 DEG C, shaking speed by Nocard's bacillus
Hour；Then stationary culture 20-28 hours at actinomycete fermentation culture medium, 33-35 DEG C, mother is obtained after the completion of fermented and cultured
Liquid, as actinomyces bacterium solution, actinomyces bacterium solution miospore number >=1.0 × 109cfu/mL；
Trichoderma pseudokiningii bacterium and Humicola insolens bacterium are mixed, in PD culture mediums, 27-31 DEG C, shaking speed 140-
It is cultivated 2-3 days under 160r/min；Then stationary culture 48-64 hours at fungi fermentation culture medium, 29-31 DEG C, culture is completed
After obtain mother liquor, as fungi bacterium solution, living bacteria count >=1.0 × 10 in the fungi bacterium solution9cfu/mL；
By the bacterial solution, actinomyces bacterium solution and fungi bacterium solution according to 12-15:3-5:The volume ratio of 6-8 is uniformly mixed,
Obtain fermenting agent；
B, stalk is handled：Stalk is crushed；
C, inoculation fermentation：The fermenting agent that step A is obtained is inoculated into step B according to the inoculum concentration of 100-150g/L to crush
It in stalk afterwards, stirs evenly, adjusting moisture is 50-60wt%, ferments 4-6 weeks, obtains at being 30-40 DEG C in fermentation temperature
To bio-organic fertilizer.
Wherein, Gause I culture medium is the synthetic media for cultivating and observing actinomyces morphological feature.The PD
Culture medium is potato dextrose medium.In the present invention, all culture mediums, before use, at 121 DEG C high pressure sterilization
20 minutes, to ensure that the culture of strain is not influenced by other miscellaneous bacterias.
The stalk is maize straw, wheat stalk or rice straw.
Be ensure the present invention in Spawn incubation when growth and vigor, preferred culture medium it is as follows：
The bacterium seed culture medium is made of the component of following weight percent：Glucose 5-10%, yeast extract 2-
5%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.3%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.5%, agar 1.5-2.5%, surplus are water, pH value 7.0-
7.5；
The bacterium shaking table culture base is made of the component of following weight percent：Glucose 3-8%, bean cake powder 3-5%,
Beef extract 0.5-1%, yeast extract 2-5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1-0.3%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-
0.5%, surplus is water, pH value 7.0-7.5；
The bacterial fermentation culture medium is made of the component of following weight percent：Glucose 7-12%, beef extract 0.5-
1%, yeast extract 2-5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1-0.3%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.5%, sulfuric acid
Ferrous 0.1-0.3%, manganese sulfate 0.1-0.3%, surplus are water, pH value 7.0-7.5.
The water content of the actinomycete fermentation culture medium is 55%, other solid constituents that actinomycete fermentation culture medium contains
For millet powder, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride and ferrous sulfate, millet powder, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate,
Magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, ferrous sulfate weight ratio be 950-1050:0.8-1.2:0.3-0.7:0.3-0.7:0.03-0.07:
0.008-0.012。
The PD culture mediums are potato dextrose medium；
The water content of the fungi fermentation culture medium is 55%, further includes ammonium sulfate 0.5% and magnesium sulfate 0.05%, fungi
Other solid constituents that fermentation medium contains are wheat bran and corn flour, and the weight ratio of wheat bran and corn flour is 8-10:0.8-
1.2。
It is excellent to ensure being normally carried out for breeding strain, while according to different microorganisms to the processing hobby and ability of stalk
The ratio setting of the strain of choosing is as follows：
The quantity of the Cellvibrio and rhizobium ratio is 2-4:1-3；
The quantity ratio of the trichoderma pseudokiningii bacterium and Humicola insolens bacterium is 1-2:3.
Further, to improve survival rate and the mutual stability after fermenting agent inoculation, in step A,
After mixing by the bacterial solution, actinomyces bacterium solution and fungi bacterium solution, be inoculated on synthetic medium, 28-32 DEG C, shake
Bed rotating speed is fermented and cultured under 140-160r/min, and when detecting effective total viable count and reaching 1,000,000,000 cfu/mL, fermented and cultured terminates,
Obtain fermenting agent；
The synthetic medium is made of the component of following weight percent：Manioc waste 5-7%, honey 1-2%, Vitamin C
Sour 0.2-0.5%, urea 0.3-0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1-0.3%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-
0.5%, surplus is water, pH value 7.0-7.5.
After co-incubation, interact screening between various microorganisms, and it is stronger to obtain fermentability, between each other more
Stable fermenting agent.
In step B, stalk is ground into grain size and is the particle of 2-5cm, and the fermentation synergy of stalk weight 0.5-1% is added
Agent, the fermentation synergist are people and animals' urine or urea.
In step C, after inoculation, first ferments 7-10 days at 30-35 DEG C, then carry out turning, ferment at 35-40 DEG C
It 14-22 days, finally ferments 7-10 days at 33-37 DEG C, obtains bio-organic fertilizer.
Fermentation process is divided into three phases, and is carried out in the different stages using different temperature, in earlier fermentation,
Using lower temperature, ensure the rapid proliferation of microorganism, and to the agricultural waste gurry initial fermentation, in subsequent fermentations
Gradually heating, ensure fermentation abundant progress, finally slightly cooling handle, ensure that the survival rate of strain, make final fertilizer at
Content of microorganisms is higher in product, and higher fermentation level can be kept after fertilising, is endlessly sought conducive to being provided for plant
Support substance.
In step C, the method that turning may be used controls temperature, when necessary, can supplement the fermenting agent
And water, to ensure smooth, the abundant progress of fermentation.
The present invention also provides a kind of bio-organic fertilizer, the bio-organic fertilizer is prepared using the method.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1, the present invention provides a kind of methods preparing fertilizer using stalk.The method is for fermentation point in the prior art
Difficult problem is solved, is compounded using different types of microorganism (bacterium, actinomyces and fungi), is obtained opposite between microorganism
Fermenting agent that is reliable and stable, being capable of rapid decomposing and fermenting stalk, then ferments to stalk using the fermenting agent, most
Bio-organic fertilizer is obtained eventually, has both handled stalk, protects environment to get back bio-organic fertilizer, turns waste into wealth, at one stroke
Two.
2, the bio-organic fertilizer, since the efficiency of the fermenting agent used when preparing is high and microbe species are abundant,
The obtained bio-organic fertilizer humic acid, content of organic matter height, odorless meet innoxious index request.
Specific implementation mode
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, technical scheme of the present invention will be carried out below
Detailed description.Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained all without making creative work
Other embodiment belongs to the range that the present invention is protected.
In the present invention, if not refering in particular to, all parts, percentage are unit of weight, and all equipment and raw material etc. are equal
It is commercially available or the industry is common.Method in following embodiments is unless otherwise instructed the routine of this field
Method.
Embodiment 1
A kind of bio-organic fertilizer is prepared using following preparation method：
A, fermenting agent is prepared：
According to quantity ratio it is 2 by Cellvibrio and rhizobium:3 ratio mixing, is trained at bacterium seed culture medium, 35 DEG C
It supports 16 hours；Then it is cultivated 16 hours under being 160r/min in bacterium shaking table culture base, 35 DEG C, shaking speed；Finally in bacterium
Fermentation medium, 39 DEG C, shaking speed be fermented and cultured 24 hours under 140r/min, obtain mother liquor after the completion of fermented and cultured, i.e.,
For bacterial solution, living bacteria count >=5.0 × 10 in the bacterial solution9cfu/mL；
The bacterium seed culture medium is made of the component of following weight percent：Glucose 5%, yeast extract 5%, phosphoric acid
Disodium hydrogen 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, agar 1.5%, surplus are water, pH value 7.5；
The bacterium shaking table culture base is made of the component of following weight percent：Glucose 3%, bean cake powder 5%, beef
Cream 0.5%, yeast extract 5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, surplus are water, and pH value is
7.5；
The bacterial fermentation culture medium is made of the component of following weight percent：Glucose 7%, beef extract 1%, yeast
Cream 2%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, ferrous sulfate 0.1%, manganese sulfate 0.3%,
Surplus is water, pH value 7.0；
It is cultivated 21 hours under being 170r/min in Gause I culture medium, 36 DEG C, shaking speed by Nocard's bacillus；Then exist
Actinomycete fermentation culture medium, stationary culture 28 hours at 33 DEG C obtain mother liquor, as actinomyces bacterium solution after the completion of fermented and cultured,
Actinomyces bacterium solution miospore number >=1.0 × 109cfu/mL；
The water content of the actinomycete fermentation culture medium is 55%, other solid constituents that actinomycete fermentation culture medium contains
For millet powder, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride and ferrous sulfate, millet powder, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate,
Magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, ferrous sulfate weight ratio be 950:1.2:0.3:0.7:0.03:0.012；
According to quantity ratio it is 1 by trichoderma pseudokiningii bacterium and Humicola insolens bacterium:3 ratio mixing, in PD culture mediums, 31
DEG C, shaking speed be 140r/min under cultivate 2 days；Then stationary culture 48 hours at fungi fermentation culture medium, 31 DEG C, culture
Obtain mother liquor, as fungi bacterium solution after the completion, living bacteria count >=1.0 × 10 in the fungi bacterium solution9cfu/mL；
The PD culture mediums are potato dextrose medium；The water content of the fungi fermentation culture medium is 55%, also
Including ammonium sulfate 0.5% and magnesium sulfate 0.05%, other solid constituents that fungi fermentation culture medium contains are wheat bran and corn flour,
The weight ratio of wheat bran and corn flour is 10:0.8；
By the bacterial solution, actinomyces bacterium solution and fungi bacterium solution according to 15:3:8 volume ratio is uniformly mixed, and is inoculated into
On synthetic medium, fermented and cultured under being 160r/min in 28 DEG C, shaking speed detects effective total viable count and reaches 1,000,000,000 cfu/
When mL, fermented and cultured terminates, and obtains fermenting agent；
The synthetic medium is made of the component of following weight percent：Manioc waste 5%, honey 2%, ascorbic acid
0.2%, urea 0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, surplus is water, and pH value is
7.5；
B, stalk is handled：Corn straw smashing is the particle of 2cm at grain size, and the hair of maize straw weight 1% is added
Ferment synergist, the fermentation synergist are people and animals' urine；
C, inoculation fermentation：Fermenting agent that step A is obtained according to the inoculum concentration of 100g/L is inoculated into step B, and treated
It in maize straw, stirs evenly, adjusting moisture is 60wt%, first ferments 10 days at 30 DEG C, turning is then carried out, 35
It ferments 22 days at DEG C, finally ferments 10 days at 33 DEG C, obtain bio-organic fertilizer.
Analysis is detected to the bio-organic fertilizer, it is as a result as follows：The bio-organic fertilizer odorless, water content
For 27wt%, heap body collapses 25% or so, and C/N ratios are 20.4 in heap body:1, and the content of organic matter is 48.7%, humic acid is
13.6%, total bacteria count is 3.47 × 108cfu/g.Testing result explanation, the bio-organic fertilizer humic acid, the content of organic matter
Height can be used as fertilizer.
Embodiment 2
A kind of bio-organic fertilizer is prepared using following preparation method：
A, fermenting agent is prepared：
According to quantity ratio it is 4 by Cellvibrio and rhizobium:1 ratio mixing, is trained at bacterium seed culture medium, 39 DEG C
It supports 12 hours；Then it is cultivated 20 hours under being 140r/min in bacterium shaking table culture base, 39 DEG C, shaking speed；Finally in bacterium
Fermentation medium, 35 DEG C, shaking speed be fermented and cultured 16 hours under 160r/min, obtain mother liquor after the completion of fermented and cultured, i.e.,
For bacterial solution, living bacteria count >=5.0 × 10 in the bacterial solution9cfu/mL；
The bacterium seed culture medium is made of the component of following weight percent：Glucose 10%, yeast extract 2%, phosphorus
Sour disodium hydrogen 0.3%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, agar 2.5%, surplus are water, pH value 7.0；
The bacterium shaking table culture base is made of the component of following weight percent：Glucose 8%, bean cake powder 3%, beef
Cream 1%, yeast extract 2%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, surplus are water, and pH value is
7.0；
The bacterial fermentation culture medium is made of the component of following weight percent：Glucose 12%, beef extract 0.5%,
Yeast extract 5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%, ferrous sulfate 0.3%, manganese sulfate
0.1%, surplus is water, pH value 7.5；
It is cultivated 15 hours under being 190r/min in Gause I culture medium, 32 DEG C, shaking speed by Nocard's bacillus；Then exist
Actinomycete fermentation culture medium, stationary culture 20 hours at 35 DEG C obtain mother liquor, as actinomyces bacterium solution after the completion of fermented and cultured,
Actinomyces bacterium solution miospore number >=1.0 × 109cfu/mL；
The water content of the actinomycete fermentation culture medium is 55%, other solid constituents that actinomycete fermentation culture medium contains
For millet powder, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride and ferrous sulfate, millet powder, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate,
Magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, ferrous sulfate weight ratio be 1050:0.8:0.7:0.3:0.07:0.008；
According to quantity ratio it is 2 by trichoderma pseudokiningii bacterium and Humicola insolens bacterium:3 ratio mixing, in PD culture mediums, 27
DEG C, shaking speed be 160r/min under cultivate 3 days；Then stationary culture 64 hours at fungi fermentation culture medium, 29 DEG C, culture
Obtain mother liquor, as fungi bacterium solution after the completion, living bacteria count >=1.0 × 10 in the fungi bacterium solution9cfu/mL；
The PD culture mediums are potato dextrose medium；The water content of the fungi fermentation culture medium is 55%, also
Including ammonium sulfate 0.5% and magnesium sulfate 0.05%, other solid constituents that fungi fermentation culture medium contains are wheat bran and corn flour,
The weight ratio of wheat bran and corn flour is 8:1.2；
By the bacterial solution, actinomyces bacterium solution and fungi bacterium solution according to 12:5:6 volume ratio is uniformly mixed, and is inoculated into
On synthetic medium, fermented and cultured under being 140r/min in 32 DEG C, shaking speed detects effective total viable count and reaches 1,000,000,000 cfu/
When mL, fermented and cultured terminates, and obtains fermenting agent；
The synthetic medium is made of the component of following weight percent：Manioc waste 7%, honey 1%, ascorbic acid
0.5%, urea 0.3%, magnesium sulfate 0.3%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, surplus is water, and pH value is
7.0；
B, stalk is handled：Wheat stalk is ground into grain size and is the particle of 5cm, and wheat stalk weight 0.5% is added
Fermentation synergist, the fermentation synergist are people and animals' urine or urea；
C, inoculation fermentation：Fermenting agent that step A is obtained according to the inoculum concentration of 150g/L is inoculated into step B, and treated
It in wheat stalk, stirs evenly, adjusting moisture is 50wt%, first ferments 7 days at 35 DEG C, turning is then carried out, 40
It ferments 14 days at DEG C, finally ferments 7 days at 37 DEG C, obtain bio-organic fertilizer.
Analysis is detected to the bio-organic fertilizer, it is as a result as follows：The bio-organic fertilizer odorless, water content
For 29wt%, heap body collapses 31% or so, and C/N ratios are 20.7 in heap body：1, and the content of organic matter is 46.9%, humic acid is
14.1%, total bacteria count is 3.51 × 108cfu/g.Testing result explanation, the bio-organic fertilizer humic acid, the content of organic matter
Height can be used as fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
A kind of bio-organic fertilizer is prepared using following preparation method：
A, fermenting agent is prepared：
According to quantity ratio it is 3 by Cellvibrio and rhizobium:2 ratio mixing, is trained at bacterium seed culture medium, 37 DEG C
It supports 14 hours；Then it is cultivated 18 hours under being 150r/min in bacterium shaking table culture base, 37 DEG C, shaking speed；Finally in bacterium
Fermentation medium, 37 DEG C, shaking speed be fermented and cultured 20 hours under 150r/min, obtain mother liquor after the completion of fermented and cultured, i.e.,
For bacterial solution, living bacteria count >=5.0 × 10 in the bacterial solution9cfu/mL；
The bacterium seed culture medium is made of the component of following weight percent：Glucose 7%, yeast extract 3%, phosphoric acid
Disodium hydrogen 0.2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, agar 2%, surplus are water, pH value 7.2；
The bacterium shaking table culture base is made of the component of following weight percent：Glucose 5%, bean cake powder 4%, beef
Cream 0.75%, yeast extract 3%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.3%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, surplus are water, pH value
It is 7.2；
The bacterial fermentation culture medium is made of the component of following weight percent：Glucose 9%, beef extract 0.75%,
Yeast extract 3%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.25%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, ferrous sulfate 0.2%, manganese sulfate
0.2%, surplus is water, pH value 7.2；
It is cultivated 18 hours under being 180r/min in Gause I culture medium, 34 DEG C, shaking speed by Nocard's bacillus；Then exist
Actinomycete fermentation culture medium, stationary culture 24 hours at 34 DEG C obtain mother liquor, as actinomyces bacterium solution after the completion of fermented and cultured,
Actinomyces bacterium solution miospore number >=1.0 × 109cfu/mL；
The water content of the actinomycete fermentation culture medium is 55%, other solid constituents that actinomycete fermentation culture medium contains
For millet powder, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride and ferrous sulfate, millet powder, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate,
Magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride, ferrous sulfate weight ratio be 1000:1:0.5:0.5:0.05:0.01；
According to quantity ratio it is 1 by trichoderma pseudokiningii bacterium and Humicola insolens bacterium:2 ratio mixing, in PD culture mediums, 29
DEG C, shaking speed be 150r/min under cultivate 2.5 days；Then stationary culture 56 hours at fungi fermentation culture medium, 30 DEG C, training
It supports and obtains mother liquor, as fungi bacterium solution after the completion, living bacteria count >=1.0 × 10 in the fungi bacterium solution9cfu/mL；
The PD culture mediums are potato dextrose medium；The water content of the fungi fermentation culture medium is 55%, also
Including ammonium sulfate 0.5% and magnesium sulfate 0.05%, other solid constituents that fungi fermentation culture medium contains are wheat bran and corn flour,
The weight ratio of wheat bran and corn flour is 9:1；
By the bacterial solution, actinomyces bacterium solution and fungi bacterium solution according to 13:4:7 volume ratio is uniformly mixed, and is inoculated into
On synthetic medium, fermented and cultured under being 150r/min in 30 DEG C, shaking speed detects effective total viable count and reaches 1,000,000,000 cfu/
When mL, fermented and cultured terminates, and obtains fermenting agent；
The synthetic medium is made of the component of following weight percent：Manioc waste 6%, honey 1.5%, ascorbic acid
0.35%, urea 0.4%, magnesium sulfate 0.2%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.25%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%, surplus is water, and pH value is
7.2；
B, stalk is handled：Rice straw is ground into grain size and is the particle of 3.5cm, and rice straw weight 0.75% is added
Fermentation synergist, the fermentation synergist be people and animals' urine or urea；
C, inoculation fermentation：Fermenting agent that step A is obtained according to the inoculum concentration of 125g/L is inoculated into step B, and treated
It in rice straw, stirs evenly, adjusting moisture is 55wt%, first ferments 8 days at 33 DEG C, turning is then carried out, 38
It ferments 18 days at DEG C, finally ferments 8 days at 35 DEG C, obtain bio-organic fertilizer.
Analysis is detected to the bio-organic fertilizer, it is as a result as follows：The bio-organic fertilizer odorless, water content
For 26wt%, heap body collapses 32% or so, and C/N ratios are 19.4 in heap body:1, and the content of organic matter is 49.8%, humic acid is
14.6%, total bacteria count is 3.68 × 108cfu/g.Testing result explanation, the bio-organic fertilizer humic acid, the content of organic matter
Height can be used as fertilizer.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the described claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method preparing fertilizer using stalk, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
A, fermenting agent is prepared：
Cellvibrio and rhizobium are mixed, cultivated 12-16 hours at bacterium seed culture medium, 35-39 DEG C；Then in bacterium
Shaking table culture base, 35-39 DEG C, shaking speed be 140-160r/min under cultivate 16-20 hours；Finally in bacterial fermentation culture
Base, 35-39 DEG C, shaking speed be fermented and cultured 16-24 hour under 140-160r/min, fermented and cultured obtains mother liquor after the completion,
As bacterial solution, living bacteria count >=5.0 × 10 in the bacterial solution9cfu/mL；
It is cultivated 15-21 hours under being 170-190r/min in Gause I culture medium, 32-36 DEG C, shaking speed by Nocard's bacillus；
Then stationary culture 20-28 hours at actinomycete fermentation culture medium, 33-35 DEG C, mother liquor is obtained after the completion of fermented and cultured, as
Actinomyces bacterium solution, actinomyces bacterium solution miospore number >=1.0 × 109cfu/mL；
Trichoderma pseudokiningii bacterium and Humicola insolens bacterium are mixed, in PD culture mediums, 27-31 DEG C, shaking speed 140-160r/
It is cultivated 2-3 days under min；Then it stationary culture 48-64 hours at fungi fermentation culture medium, 29-31 DEG C, is obtained after the completion of culture
Mother liquor, as fungi bacterium solution, living bacteria count >=1.0 × 10 in the fungi bacterium solution9cfu/mL；
By the bacterial solution, actinomyces bacterium solution and fungi bacterium solution according to 12-15:3-5:The volume ratio of 6-8 is uniformly mixed, and is obtained
Fermenting agent；
B, stalk is handled：Stalk is crushed；
C, inoculation fermentation：After the fermenting agent that step A is obtained is inoculated into step B crushing according to the inoculum concentration of 100-150g/L
It in stalk, stirs evenly, adjusting moisture is 50-60wt%, ferments 4-6 weeks, is given birth at being 30-40 DEG C in fermentation temperature
Organic fertilizer material.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the stalk is maize straw, wheat stalk or rice straw
Stalk.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step A,
The bacterium seed culture medium is made of the component of following weight percent：Glucose 5-10%, yeast extract 2-5%, phosphorus
Sour disodium hydrogen 0.1-0.3%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.5%, agar 1.5-2.5%, surplus are water, pH value 7.0-7.5；
The bacterium shaking table culture base is made of the component of following weight percent：Glucose 3-8%, bean cake powder 3-5%, beef
Cream 0.5-1%, yeast extract 2-5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1-0.3%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-
0.5%, surplus is water, pH value 7.0-7.5；
The bacterial fermentation culture medium is made of the component of following weight percent：Glucose 7-12%, beef extract 0.5-1%,
Yeast extract 2-5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1-0.3%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.5%, ferrous sulfate
0.1-0.3%, manganese sulfate 0.1-0.3%, surplus are water, pH value 7.0-7.5.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step A,
The water content of the actinomycete fermentation culture medium is 55%, other solid constituents that actinomycete fermentation culture medium contains are small
Rice flour, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride and ferrous sulfate, millet powder, potassium nitrate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, sulfuric acid
Magnesium, sodium chloride, ferrous sulfate weight ratio be 950-1050:0.8-1.2:0.3-0.7:0.3-0.7:0.03-0.07:0.008-
0.012。
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step A,
The PD culture mediums are potato dextrose medium；
The water content of the fungi fermentation culture medium is 55%, further includes ammonium sulfate 0.5% and magnesium sulfate 0.05%, fungi fermentation
Other solid constituents that culture medium contains are wheat bran and corn flour, and the weight ratio of wheat bran and corn flour is 8-10:0.8-1.2.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step A,
The quantity of the Cellvibrio and rhizobium ratio is 2-4:1-3；
The quantity ratio of the trichoderma pseudokiningii bacterium and Humicola insolens bacterium is 1-2:3.
7. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step A, by the bacterial solution, actinomyces bacterium solution and
Fungi bacterium solution after mixing, is inoculated on synthetic medium, is fermented under being 140-160r/min in 28-32 DEG C, shaking speed
Culture, when detecting effective total viable count and reaching 1,000,000,000 cfu/mL, fermented and cultured terminates, and obtains fermenting agent；
The synthetic medium is made of the component of following weight percent：Manioc waste 5-7%, honey 1-2%, ascorbic acid
0.2-0.5%, urea 0.3-0.5%, magnesium sulfate 0.1-0.3%, disodium hydrogen phosphate 0.1-0.4%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1-
0.5%, surplus is water, pH value 7.0-7.5.
8. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step B, stalk is ground into that grain size is 2-5cm
Grain, and the fermentation synergist of stalk weight 0.5-1% is added, the fermentation synergist is people and animals' urine or urea.
9. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step C, after inoculation, first ferment at 30-35 DEG C 7-
10 days, turning is then carried out, is fermented 14-22 days at 35-40 DEG C, is finally fermented 7-10 days at 33-37 DEG C, obtaining biology has
Machine fertilizer.
10. a kind of bio-organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that the bio-organic fertilizer is using described in claim any one of 1-9
Method be prepared.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109430541A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-08 | 扬州大学 | A kind of method of stalk micro storage |
| CN109929899A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-25 | 安徽黄河水处理科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method that stalk prepares fulvic acid |
| CN111348950A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-06-30 | 山东迈科珍生物科技有限公司 | Organic biological bacterial fertilizer brick for soil improvement and manufacturing method and application thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2213079C2 (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2003-09-27 | Кубанский государственный аграрный университет | Compost production method and apparatus |
| CN107828699A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-03-23 | 潍坊市华滨生物科技有限公司 | A kind of farm composite bacteria preparation and preparation method |
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2018
- 2018-04-04 CN CN201810304348.8A patent/CN108383653A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2213079C2 (en) * | 2000-07-27 | 2003-09-27 | Кубанский государственный аграрный университет | Compost production method and apparatus |
| CN107828699A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-03-23 | 潍坊市华滨生物科技有限公司 | A kind of farm composite bacteria preparation and preparation method |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109430541A (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2019-03-08 | 扬州大学 | A kind of method of stalk micro storage |
| CN109430541B (en) * | 2018-12-04 | 2023-04-07 | 扬州大学 | Method for micro-storage of straw |
| CN109929899A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-25 | 安徽黄河水处理科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method that stalk prepares fulvic acid |
| CN111348950A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-06-30 | 山东迈科珍生物科技有限公司 | Organic biological bacterial fertilizer brick for soil improvement and manufacturing method and application thereof |
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