CN105505818A - Preparation method of environment-friendly fungus chaff ferment - Google Patents
Preparation method of environment-friendly fungus chaff ferment Download PDFInfo
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- CN105505818A CN105505818A CN201510945639.1A CN201510945639A CN105505818A CN 105505818 A CN105505818 A CN 105505818A CN 201510945639 A CN201510945639 A CN 201510945639A CN 105505818 A CN105505818 A CN 105505818A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of environment-friendly fungus chaff ferment. The method comprises the steps that a culture medium is well mixed according to a proportion, water is added to the scale volume, sterilization is conducted at 121 DEG C for 30 min, cooling is conducted to the room temperature, and saccharomyces cerevisiae, photosynthetic bacteria, plant lactobacillus, acetic acid bacteria, bifidobacterium, bacillus subtilis and actinomycetes are inoculated into the culture medium; fungus chaff is ground and sieved through a 40-60-mesh sieve; molasses and water are mixed to be uniform according to the mass ratio of 1:(5-15) to be prepared into diluted molasses liquid; the fungus chaff and the molasses are mixed to be uniform according to the mass ratio of 1:5, soaking is conducted for 2 h, and the mixture is inoculated into prepared liquid seeds; 50-200 litres of the liquid seeds are inoculated into each ton of the fungus chaff according to dried fungus chaff, fermentation is conducted after inoculation is conducted, and filtration is conducted after fermentation is completed; solid-liquid separation is conducted through a belt filter press. According to the preparation method of the environment-friendly fungus chaff ferment, the functions of purifying water, disposing domestic garbage, improving soil pollution, purifying the environment and the like are achieved, and the environment-friendly fungus chaff ferment is the main force for fertilizing soil and promoting growth of animals and plants.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to edible mushrooms technical field, particularly relate to a kind of preparation method of bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment.
Background technology
Bacterium chaff utilizes the raw materials such as cotton seed hulls, stalk, wood chip, wheat bran, dregs of beans to carry out edible mushrooms substituting stuff cultivation, and the substratum residuum after results fruit body of edible fungi, is commonly called as edible fungus culturing waste material, bacterium slag or clout; Edible mushrooms breeds at the thrive on substances of rich cellulose, produce the prozyme of a large amount of decomposition of cellulose, hemicellulose, the peroxidase of lignin degrading and laccase, Mierocrystalline cellulose in the accessory substances such as agricultural crop straw, hemicellulose and xylogen are resolved into the composition such as glucose, quinones supply edible mushrooms and mycelial growth breeding, and its nutritive value significantly improves.Culture medium of edible fungus is by a series of biotransformation such as biological nitrogen fixation, enzymolysis of edible mushrooms thalline, crude protein, crude fat content all significantly improve than before edible fungus fermented, Mierocrystalline cellulose, hemicellulose, xylogen and antinutritional factor, all by degraded in various degree, also create various saccharides, organic acid and biologically active substance simultaneously.Modern study show maize straw contain the carbohydrate of more than 30%, the protein of 2% ~ 4% and 0.5% ~ 1% fat.Therefore bacterium chaff and maize straw are all containing abundant nutritive ingredient, sufficient nutriment can be provided for microbial growth.EM bacterium is based on 10 micro-life bacteria preparations of one belonging to more than 80 microorganisms and be composited of photosynthetic bacterium, milk-acid bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes.Due to EM bacterium very easily survival and reproduction in soil, so the ecologic niche in soil comparatively fast and stably can be occupied, form the advantage group of useful microbial bacteria, thus control the breeding of pathogenic micro-organism and the invasion and attack to crop.Be the developing direction of the ecological agriculture, be more conducive to the Sustainable development of agricultural.At the beginning of the nineties at the end of the eighties, EM bacterium is widely used in the fields such as agricultural, cultivation, plantation, environmental protection by states such as Japan, Thailand, Brazil, the U.S., Indonesia, Sri Lanka, achieves obvious economic benefit and ecological benefits.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment, be intended to utilize S. cervisiae, photosynthetic bacterium, plant lactobacillus, acetic bacteria, bifidus bacillus, subtilis, actinomycetes to be zymophyte, utilize the tankage of the farm crop such as bacterium chaff, molasses, maize straw as substratum, through multiple-microorganism fermentation, what be processed into is rich in the beneficial microorganism environmental protection ferment such as photosynthetic bacterium, milk-acid bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of preparation method of bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment, and the preparation method of described bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment comprises:
Proportionally mix substratum, add water constant volume, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min, be cooled to room temperature, access S. cervisiae, photosynthetic bacterium, plant lactobacillus, acetic bacteria, bifidus bacillus, subtilis, actinomycetes (all experimental strains all send (Shanghai) bio tech ltd purchased from logical) respectively, inoculum size accesses 1 × 10 for often rising often kind of microorganism in substratum
10cFU, lucifuge quiescent culture;
After edible fungus bran pulverized 40 ~ 60 mesh sieves; Molasses and water mix according to the ratio that mass ratio is 1:5 ~ 15, make diluted molasses liquid; Bacterium chaff and diluted molasses are mixed according to the ratio that mass ratio is 1:5, after soaking 2h, the liquid seeds of access preparation;
Inoculum size is converted according to dry bacterium chaff, and bacterium chaff inoculum size per ton is 50 ~ 200 liters of liquid seeds, ferments, filter after fermentation ends after inoculation;
Adopt belt filter press to carry out solid-liquid separation, control strainer tension force 5 ~ 6KN/m, strainer linear velocity 3 ~ 5m/min, makes filter cake moisture content be 45% ~ 55%, and the filtrate of collecting reddish-brown is environmental protection ferment, and filter cake can directly as feedstuff raw material.
Further, described substratum comprises: compound amino acid powder 5 ~ 20g/L, vitamin complex 1 ~ 5g/L, molasses 60 ~ 150ml, potato 10 ~ 30g/L, corn stalk powder 3 ~ 10g/L; Molasses sugar degree 48%, potato is pulled an oar, and corn stalk powder crosses 60 mesh sieves.
Further, described lucifuge quiescent culture divides three phases: the first stage, and 1 ~ 3d leavening temperature 18 DEG C ~ 27 DEG C, proceeds to subordinate phase after being uniformly mixed after the first stage terminates; Subordinate phase, 3 ~ 7d leavening temperature 28 DEG C ~ 34 DEG C, proceeds to the phase III after being uniformly mixed, the phase III after subordinate phase terminates, and 7 ~ 15d leavening temperature 35 DEG C ~ 38 DEG C, after 15d, namely Spawn preparation completes.
Further, carry out fermentation after described inoculation and be divided into two stages; First stage, 1 ~ 5d leavening temperature is 20 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C, and after fermentation ends, stirring and evenly mixing enters subordinate phase; Subordinate phase, 6 ~ 10d leavening temperature is 30 DEG C ~ 38 DEG C.
Another object of the present invention is to the industrial circulation water treatment system that a kind of bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment using the preparation method of described bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment to prepare is provided.
Another object of the present invention is to the septic tank that a kind of bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment using the preparation method of described bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment to prepare is provided.
Another object of the present invention is to the livestock-raising animal waste that a kind of bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment using the preparation method of described bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment to prepare is provided.
Another object of the present invention is to the stink treatment system that a kind of bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment using the preparation method of described bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment to prepare is provided.
The preparation method of bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment provided by the invention, utilize S. cervisiae, photosynthetic bacterium, plant lactobacillus, acetic bacteria, bifidus bacillus, subtilis, actinomycetes are as engineering bacteria, by bacterium chaff (edible fungus culturing tankage), molasses (sugar industry tankage), the tankage of the farm crop such as maize straw are turned waste into wealth, develop one and be rich in photosynthetic bacterium, milk-acid bacteria, the beneficial microorganism such as yeast and actinomycetes environmental protection ferment, this product has and purifies water, process domestic refuse, improve the function such as soil pollution and environment purification (as in the test of simulation water purification, duration of test water inlet permanganate index, TN, TP, NH4+-N average quality concentration is respectively 4.74mg/L, 2.92mg/L, 0.26mg/L, 1.77mg/L.Result shows, after 48h, ferment product has good removal effect to polluted-water in a static condition, and clearance is respectively permanganate index: 38.3%, TN:79.8%, TP:66.7%, NH4+-N85.7%.), sulphur hydrogen in soil and the hydrogen in hydrocarbon polymer are separated, change objectionable impurities is innoxious substance, and with the organism in the secretory product of plant root, soil, obnoxious flavour (hydrogen sulfide etc.) and carbonic acid gas, nitrogen etc. for matrix, synthesis carbohydrate, amino acids, vitamins, nitrogen compound, antiviral substance and physiologically active substance etc. are rich soil and the main power promoting animal and plant growth.The metabolic substd of photosynthetic bacteria group directly can be absorbed by plant, can also become the nutrient of other microbial reproduction; If photosynthetic bacterium breeds, other beneficial microorganism also can be bred, photosynthetic bacterium strong adaptability, the organic waste water of high density can be restrained oneself, have the poisonous substance such as phenol, cyanogen and necessarily stand Sum decomposition ability, there is stronger decomposition and inversion ability (as in high concentrated organic wastewater process right under the condition of aerobic, found that good treatment effect, its organic matter removal efficiency is more than 87%, dephenolize efficiency reaches more than 92%, prussiate clearance is up to 91%, and ammonia nitrogen removal effect is more than 62%.); As actinomycetes can decompose many organism, comprise aromatic compound, paraffin, rubber, Mierocrystalline cellulose, the strong toxicity such as complex compound and some cyanogen such as wooden compound (as result of study finds that actinomycetes have stronger degradation capability to phenylformic acid in soil and P-hydroxybenzoic acid, after use 30d, the degradation amount of para Toluic Acid and P-hydroxybenzoic acid reaches 700 ± 48 and 765 ± 52mg/kg respectively.)。Milk-acid bacteria has good restraining effect to some spoilage organism and psychrotropic bacteria, the organic acids such as the lactic acid that milk-acid bacteria produces significantly can reduce environmental pH and Eh (redox potential) value, for pathogenic bacterium as dysentery bacterium, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, paratyphosum Bacterium, Campylobacter, staphylococcus etc. have antagonistic action, the hydrogen peroxide that milk-acid bacteria produces can activate " catalase-thiocyanic acid " system, suppresses and kills Rhodopseudomonas, coliform bacteria and salmonella etc.; Milk-acid bacteria produces tiny protein or the peptide class (antibacterial peptide) of similar bacteriocin, and as various lactobacillin and bifid rhzomorph, to staphylococcus, shuttle shape gemma bar, wealthy and Salmonellas and Shigellae have antagonistic action.In addition, bifidus bacillus etc. also can be decomposed into free creatine by combining cholic acid, and the restraining effect of the latter to bacterium is stronger than the former; As subtilis not only in feed Application comparison extensive, apply also quite extensive in sewage disposal and bio-fertilizer fermentation or fermentation bed making, it is a kind of multi-functional microorganism, be commonly used in Industrial Waste Water Treatments, industrial circulation water treatment, septic tank, livestock-raising animal waste, stink process, have vital role in agriculture production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is preparation method's schema of the bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment that the embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, application principle of the present invention is explained in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the preparation method of the bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment of the embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
S101: proportionally mix substratum, add water constant volume, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min, be cooled to room temperature, access S. cervisiae, photosynthetic bacterium, plant lactobacillus, acetic bacteria, bifidus bacillus, subtilis, actinomycetes respectively, inoculum size accesses about 1 × 10 for often rising often kind of microorganism in substratum
10cFU, lucifuge quiescent culture;
S102: after edible fungus bran pulverized 40 ~ 60 mesh sieves; Molasses (sugar degree 48%) and water mix according to the ratio that mass ratio is 1:5 ~ 15, make diluted molasses liquid; Bacterium chaff and diluted molasses are mixed according to the ratio that mass ratio is 1:5, after soaking 2h, the liquid seeds of access preparation;
S103: inoculum size is converted according to dry bacterium chaff, bacterium chaff inoculum size per ton is 50 ~ 200 liters of liquid seeds.Ferment after inoculation, fermentation is divided into two stages; First stage, 1 ~ 5d leavening temperature is 20 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C, and after fermentation ends, stirring and evenly mixing enters subordinate phase; Subordinate phase, 6 ~ 10d leavening temperature is 30 DEG C ~ 38 DEG C, filters after fermentation ends;
S104: adopt belt filter press to carry out solid-liquid separation, control strainer tension force 5 ~ 6KN/m, strainer linear velocity 3 ~ 5m/min, makes filter cake moisture content be 45% ~ 55%, and the filtrate of collecting reddish-brown is environmental protection ferment, and filter cake can directly as feedstuff raw material.
In step S101, bacterial classification prepares liquid seed culture medium formula: compound amino acid powder 5 ~ 20g/L, vitamin complex 1 ~ 5g/L, molasses 60 ~ 150ml (sugar degree 48%), potato 10 ~ 30g/L (making beating), corn stalk powder 3 ~ 10g/L (crossing 60 mesh sieves).Cultivate a point three phases: the first stage, 1 ~ 3d leavening temperature 18 DEG C ~ 27 DEG C, proceeds to subordinate phase after being uniformly mixed after the first stage terminates; Subordinate phase, 3 ~ 7d leavening temperature 28 DEG C ~ 34 DEG C, proceeds to the phase III after being uniformly mixed, the phase III after subordinate phase terminates, and 7 ~ 15d leavening temperature 35 DEG C ~ 38 DEG C, after 15d, namely Spawn preparation completes.
Principle of work of the present invention:
The present invention utilizes EM bacterium as engineering bacteria, the tankage of the farm crop such as bacterium chaff (edible fungus culturing tankage), molasses (sugar industry tankage), maize straw are turned waste into wealth, obtain one and be rich in the beneficial microorganism environmental protection ferment such as photosynthetic bacterium, milk-acid bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes, this product has and purifies water, processes domestic refuse, improves the function such as soil pollution and environment purification, and this patented technology is not near.As the photosynthetic bacterium in product belongs to autotrophy microorganism, thalline itself contains the protein of more than 60%, and be rich in multivitamin, also containing Coenzyme Q10 99.0, antiviral substance and somatomedin, it with soil accept light and heat for the energy, sulphur hydrogen in soil and the hydrogen in hydrocarbon polymer are separated, change objectionable impurities is innoxious substance, and with the secretory product of plant root, organism in soil, obnoxious flavour (hydrogen sulfide etc.) and carbonic acid gas, nitrogen etc. are matrix, synthesis carbohydrate, amino acids, vitamins, nitrogen compound, antiviral substance and physiologically active substance etc., rich soil and the main power promoting animal and plant growth.The metabolic substd of photosynthetic bacteria group directly can be absorbed by plant, can also become the nutrient of other microbial reproduction.If photosynthetic bacterium breeds, other beneficial microorganism also can be bred, and photosynthetic bacterium strong adaptability can restrain oneself the organic waste water of high density, has necessarily stand Sum decomposition ability to the poisonous substance such as phenol, cyanogen, has stronger decomposition and inversion ability; As actinomycetes can decompose many organism, comprise the compound of aromatic compound, paraffin, rubber, Mierocrystalline cellulose, the strong toxicity such as complex compound and some cyanogen such as wooden.Therefore, actinomycetes, not only in nature material cycle, more have positive effect, can also impel Zinc fractions crumb structure and improve soil in the biological treatment of sewage and organic solid waste.Milk-acid bacteria has good restraining effect to some spoilage organism and psychrotropic bacteria.The organic acids such as the lactic acid that milk-acid bacteria produces significantly can reduce environmental pH and Eh (redox potential) value, for pathogenic bacterium as dysentery bacterium, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, paratyphosum Bacterium, Campylobacter, staphylococcus etc. have antagonistic action, the hydrogen peroxide that milk-acid bacteria produces can activate " catalase-thiocyanic acid " system, suppresses and kills Rhodopseudomonas, coliform bacteria and salmonella etc.; Milk-acid bacteria produces tiny protein or the peptide class (antibacterial peptide) of similar bacteriocin, and as various lactobacillin and bifid rhzomorph, to staphylococcus, shuttle shape gemma bar, wealthy and Salmonellas and Shigellae have antagonistic action.In addition, bifidus bacillus etc. also can be decomposed into free creatine by combining cholic acid, and the restraining effect of the latter to bacterium is stronger than the former; As subtilis not only in feed Application comparison extensive, applying also quite extensive in sewage disposal and bio-fertilizer fermentation or fermentation bed make, is a kind of multi-functional microorganism.Be commonly used in Industrial Waste Water Treatments, industrial circulation water treatment, septic tank, livestock-raising animal waste, stink process, have vital role in agriculture production.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a preparation method for bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment, is characterized in that, the preparation method of described bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment comprises:
Proportionally mix substratum, add water constant volume, and 121 DEG C of sterilizing 30min, are cooled to room temperature, access S. cervisiae, photosynthetic bacterium, plant lactobacillus, acetic bacteria, bifidus bacillus, subtilis, actinomycetes respectively, inoculum size accesses 1 × 10 for often rising often kind of microorganism in substratum
10cFU, lucifuge quiescent culture;
After edible fungus bran pulverized 40 ~ 60 mesh sieves; Molasses and water mix according to the ratio that mass ratio is 1:5 ~ 15, make diluted molasses liquid; Bacterium chaff and diluted molasses are mixed according to the ratio that mass ratio is 1:5, after soaking 2h, the liquid seeds of access preparation;
Inoculum size is converted according to dry bacterium chaff, and bacterium chaff inoculum size per ton is 50 ~ 200 liters of liquid seeds, ferments, filter after fermentation ends after inoculation;
Adopt belt filter press to carry out solid-liquid separation, control strainer tension force 5 ~ 6KN/m, strainer linear velocity 3 ~ 5m/min, makes filter cake moisture content be 45% ~ 55%, and the filtrate of collecting reddish-brown is environmental protection ferment, and filter cake can directly as feedstuff raw material.
2. the preparation method of bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described substratum comprises: compound amino acid powder 5 ~ 20g/L, vitamin complex 1 ~ 5g/L, molasses 60 ~ 150ml, potato 10 ~ 30g/L, corn stalk powder 3 ~ 10g/L; Molasses sugar degree 48%, potato is pulled an oar, and corn stalk powder crosses 60 mesh sieves.
3. the preparation method of bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described lucifuge quiescent culture divides three phases: the first stage, and 1 ~ 3d leavening temperature 18 DEG C ~ 27 DEG C, proceeds to subordinate phase after being uniformly mixed after the first stage terminates; Subordinate phase, 3 ~ 7d leavening temperature 28 DEG C ~ 34 DEG C, proceeds to the phase III after being uniformly mixed, the phase III after subordinate phase terminates, and 7 ~ 15d leavening temperature 35 DEG C ~ 38 DEG C, after 15d, namely Spawn preparation completes.
4. the preparation method of bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, carry out fermentation and be divided into two stages after described inoculation; First stage, 1 ~ 5d leavening temperature is 20 DEG C ~ 28 DEG C, and after fermentation ends, stirring and evenly mixing enters subordinate phase; Subordinate phase, 6 ~ 10d leavening temperature is 30 DEG C ~ 38 DEG C.
5. the industrial circulation water treatment system of the bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment using the preparation method of bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment described in claim 1-4 any one to prepare.
6. the septic tank of the bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment using the preparation method of bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment described in claim 1-4 any one to prepare.
7. the livestock-raising animal waste of the bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment using the preparation method of bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment described in claim 1-4 any one to prepare.
8. the stink treatment system of the bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment using the preparation method of bacterium chaff environmental protection ferment described in claim 1-4 any one to prepare.
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| CN107309260A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-11-03 | 华南农业大学 | Application and restorative procedure of the environmental protection ferment in terms of heavy-metal contaminated soil reparation |
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