CN115159766A - Method for synchronously recovering water environment by removing algae - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/20—Prevention of biofouling
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of water treatment, and discloses a method for synchronously recovering water environment by removing algae. The method comprises the following steps: removing algae by using an algaecide, and standing for at least 2 hours; adding zooplankton to filter and feed blue algae, and standing for 1-7 days; throwing aquatic plant seedlings; after growing for 1-3 months, fish and benthonic animals are added to control the number of zooplankton and prevent the recurrence of blue algae. The invention can ensure the long-term and effective maintenance of the algae removal effect, recover the health and stability of the water ecosystem and realize the effect of permanently eliminating the water bloom and synchronously recovering the ecosystem.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a method for synchronously recovering water environment by removing algae.
Background
Blue-green algae, also known as cyanobacteria, is generally blue-green and the earliest photoautotrophic organism on the earth. During the long-term evolution, these organisms have developed a unique set of morphological and physiological biochemical mechanisms that can be derived in a variety of different habitats, including extremely harsh environments, making them more competitive with other organisms. When the environmental conditions are proper, certain blue algae can grow rapidly, and when certain biomass is reached, a large amount of algae can be gathered on the surface layer of the water body to form macroscopic algae aggregates, namely blue algae bloom.
At present, blue-green algae outbreak is still the most water ecological disasters faced by rivers and lakes. When the blue-green algae outbreak, not only the water quality is polluted to cause that other organisms do not have living space, but also the blue-green algae can shield sunlight to cause that aquatic plants can not grow. Although part of algaecides on the market have good algae removal effect, the algaecides on the market have ecological toxicity, and meanwhile, the blue algae as a main biological species occupies a large ecological niche in a water body, and once the algae are quickly removed, the lack of the ecological niche causes the unbalance of an ecological system, so that the survival space for the dead ash reburning of the blue algae is provided.
The outbreak of the blue algae is directly related to the self health degree of an ecological system; the regulation and control of algae are directly influenced by upstream and downstream organisms, the facies generation and restriction relationship among water communities is complex, and the quantity of a certain role cannot be simply increased or reduced, so that the aim of thoroughly regulating and controlling the water quality of the water is fulfilled. Therefore, in order to thoroughly remove the blue algae in the water and keep the ecological health of the water body, the problems of ecological niche deficiency and low biological diversity of the water body are synchronously improved while removing the algae, and a healthy water environment ecological system is recovered; when the ecological system is healthy, the geochemical circulation of the water system is unblocked, and the blue algae can be self-digested, so that the problems of annual outbreak and annual treatment of the blue algae are finally and completely eradicated.
Although some blue algae treatment methods can rapidly remove algae, the algae removal effect cannot be lasting and unstable; although some blue algae treatment methods can gradually relieve blue algae flooding, the method has the problems of slow effect taking speed or no guarantee of effect. Therefore, how to find a method which can rapidly remove algae, can stabilize the algae removal effect and recover the health of an ecological system is a challenge faced by the current algae removal technology.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method for algae removal and simultaneous recovery of a water environment, which solves problems such as a lack of ecological place after algae removal in a water body heavily contaminated with blue algae, an ineffective maintenance of an algae removal effect, and an imbalance in a water ecosystem.
The above object can be achieved by the following technical solution:
the invention provides a method for synchronously recovering water environment by removing algae, which comprises the following steps: removing algae by using an algaecide, and standing for at least 2 hours; adding zooplankton to filter and feed blue algae, and standing for 1-7 days; throwing aquatic plant seedlings; after 1-3 months, fish and benthonic animals are added to control the number of zooplankton and prevent the recurrence of blue algae.
Optionally, standing for 18-26 hours after algae removal by using the algaecide to ensure the stability of the algaecide in algae removal.
Optionally, the concentration of zooplankton is 20 mg/L-200 mg/L.
Optionally, the total removal rate of blue algae is not less than 95% by adding an algaecide to remove algae and adding zooplankton filter feeding blue algae.
Optionally, the zooplankton has a blue algae filter function. Further optionally, the zooplankton is obtained by selecting an indigenous zooplankton population in the environment, and screening and culturing the zooplankton population in a laboratory.
Optionally, before the step of throwing the aquatic plant seedlings, the method further comprises: determining the mixed species of the aquatic plants according to the environmental condition of the water area, and determining the seed throwing density; soaking the seeds of the aquatic plants in water, accelerating germination in a constant temperature box, and culturing in a culture pond until the length of the seedlings is 1-10 cm to obtain the aquatic plant seedlings.
Optionally, the aquatic plant is selected from a submerged plant and/or an emergent aquatic plant.
Optionally, in the step of adding the fishes and the benthonic animals to control the number of the zooplankton and prevent the recurrence of the blue-green algae, the adding density of the fishes and the benthonic animals is determined according to the concentration of the blue-green algae and the area of the water area. Further optionally, the fish are used to filter overfeeding zooplankton. The benthonic animals are used for eating the blue algae in the dormancy stage and increasing oxygen for the aquatic plants.
Optionally, in the step of removing algae by using an algaecide, the algaecide is a self-made algae removal product, and the self-made algae removal product is prepared by resource utilization of dredging sludge.
Optionally, the method for preparing the homemade algae removal product comprises:
sequentially carrying out drying treatment, ultrasonic treatment and calcination on the sludge;
grinding and sieving the calcined product to 80-200 meshes to obtain sieved self-made algae removal product powder A, and the rest is self-made algae removal product powder B;
and modifying the self-made algae removal product powder A by using a positive charge reagent C to obtain a self-made algae removal product water aqua D.
Optionally, the self-made algae removal product powder B can be further sieved by 20-80 meshes to obtain the sieved self-made algae removal product powder B.
Optionally, the step of removing algae with an algaecide comprises: firstly, throwing a self-made algae removal product water aqua D for removing algae; then self-made algae removal product powder B is thrown for algae removal.
Optionally, the step of adding fish and zooplankton to control zooplankton population and prevent blue algae recurrence further comprises: and (5) monitoring the water quality. Furthermore, the proportion of the blue algae is not higher than 15% within five months after water quality monitoring.
Has the beneficial effects that: according to the method for synchronously recovering the water environment by algae removal, aiming at the condition that the ecological site of a water body heavily abused by blue algae is vacant after algae removal, the algae removal agent is combined with the water ecosystem restoration, the algae removal rate is further ensured by adding zooplankton after the algae removal agent removes the blue algae, aquatic plants are planted for growing and purifying the water body, fishes and benthonic animals are added for further controlling the number of the zooplankton and preventing the blue algae from relapse, and the healthy water ecosystem is constructed, so that the algae removal effect can be maintained for a long time effectively, the health and stability of the water ecosystem are recovered, and the effect of permanently removing the water bloom and synchronously recovering the ecosystem is realized.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The method for synchronously recovering the water environment by removing algae provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
removing algae by using an algaecide, and standing for at least 2 hours; more preferably not less than 18 hours, so as to be beneficial to strengthening the algae removal agent to tamp flocculent precipitate and ensure the stability of algae removal;
adding zooplankton to filter and feed blue algae, and standing for 1-7 days to further ensure the total removal rate of the blue algae; preferably, the concentration of the zooplankton is 20 mg/L-200 mg/L; further, after algae is removed by the algaecide, zooplankton is added to ensure that the total removal rate is not less than 95 percent;
throwing aquatic plant seedlings, wherein the aquatic plant seedlings can grow by using organic matters as fertilizers after the excrement of underwater zooplankton and blue-green algae die;
after growing for 1-3 months, adding fish and benthonic animals to control the number of zooplankton and prevent the recurrence of blue algae.
The method comprises the following steps of combining blue algae removal, increase of aquatic plants, zooplankton, benthonic animals and fish, and constructing a healthy ecological system, wherein the total blue algae removal rate can be ensured to be not lower than 95% after algae removal by an algaecide, addition of zooplankton and standing for the above time; the aquatic plant seedlings are planted to consume excrement organic matters and the like to purify the water body, and after the aquatic plant seedlings grow for 1-3 months, fishes and benthonic animals are added, so that the quantity of zooplankton is further controlled while the good growth of the plants is ensured, and the recurrence of blue algae is prevented; by means of the embodiment, the algae removal effect can be maintained effectively for a long time, namely the algae removal effect is guaranteed to be in a better level for a long time, and the health and stability of the water ecological system are recovered.
In a preferred embodiment, a self-made algae removal product is used as the algaecide for removing algae, wherein the self-made algae removal product is prepared by resource utilization of dredging sludge. Preferably, the preparation method of the homemade algae removal product comprises the following steps: carrying out primary drying treatment and oxidation treatment on the sludge for 1-7 days; carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 24-72 h; calcining for 4-10 h at the high temperature of 450-660 ℃; after the temperature is reduced to normal temperature, the calcined material is ground at low speed to ensure the integrity of the internal structure of the calcined material; sieving by 80-200 meshes, taking the sieved powder A, retaining large particles, and sieving by 20-80 meshes to obtain powder B; and (3) mixing the powder A: uniformly mixing the mixture with a positive charge reagent C in a ratio (w/v) of 20-28 to prepare a mixed water agent D; wherein, the positive charge reagent can be one of solutions of chitosan, sodium alginate, chitin and the like. The prepared powder A, powder B and water agent D can be used as algaecide to remove algae. More preferably, the self-made algae removal product water aqua D is firstly sprinkled for algae removal, and then the self-made algae removal product powder B is sprinkled for algae removal, so that the removal rate of the blue algae is optimal.
The river and lake sludge and the like are treated through the operations of passivation, high-temperature calcination, sieving and the like to obtain a self-made algae removal product, and the self-made algae removal product has multiple functions of well removing nutrient salts such as nitrogen, phosphorus and the like, quickly wrapping and removing blue algae, flocculating and precipitating particles in water, removing partial organic matters in the water and the like; the home-made algae removal product is adopted for removing algae, so that the algae removal rate is improved, the sludge is recycled, the secondary pollution of metal ions introduced by the algaecide in the prior art to a water body can be avoided, and the biological safety of the water body is ensured. The method is improved on the basis of an autonomously developed technology for removing blue algae by resource utilization of dredging sludge, solves the problem of blue algae inundation fundamentally aiming at the condition that ecological sites of a water body heavily contaminated by blue algae are vacant after the algae is removed, achieves the aim of permanently eliminating the water bloom and recovering an ecological system synchronously, and is currently applied in engineering and achieves a better result.
Aiming at the condition that ecological sites are vacant after algae removal of a water body heavily abused by blue algae, on the basis of removing the blue algae by adopting a self-made algae removal product, a plurality of algae removal methods are effectively combined by combining a biological water environment recovery method, and the sequence of each step and the specific operation are improved and optimized, so that the problem of blue algae inundation is fundamentally solved, the algae removal effect can be effectively maintained for a long time, and the health and stability of a water ecological system are recovered.
Wherein, after the self-made algae removal product is adopted for algae removal and is kept still, zooplankton is added for further algae removal; the zooplankton has the function of filtering blue algae, can remove residual escaping blue algae in a water body, can ensure that the total removal rate of the blue algae is over 95 percent by adding the zooplankton after the algae is removed by the algicide, and the removal rate of the blue algae is higher and higher along with the time, so that the concentration of the zooplankton is ensured to be maintained at 20-200 mg/L or more. After further algae removal by using zooplankton, throwing aquatic plants to grow by using materials in water; the aquatic plants are aquatic plants with strong growing power and comprise submerged plants and emergent plants, and the species of the aquatic plants need to be planted in a matched manner according to the environment condition of a water area; the aquatic plants are firstly subjected to germination acceleration in the environment of a greenhouse, a culture pond and the like, and the seedlings can be thrown into the water bottom as aquatic plant seedlings when growing to 1-10 cm, so that the survival rate of the aquatic plants can be ensured, and the health and stability of an aquatic ecosystem can be recovered; wherein, the planting density is controlled according to the water area environment, and the planting density is not too high. After the aquatic plants grow for 1-3 months and the plants grow well, putting fishes and benthonic animals into the aquatic plants, wherein the adding density of the fishes and the benthonic animals is determined according to the concentration of blue-green algae and the area of a water area, and excessive zooplankton can be filtered and eaten by the fishes; the benthonic animals can eat the blue algae in the dormancy stage and can oxygenate the aquatic plants, so that the recurrence of the blue algae is prevented.
In the above embodiment of the invention, firstly, on the basis of removing blue algae by using a self-made algae removal product, plankton is added to further remove algae to ensure the algae removal rate, then aquatic plants are thrown to grow by using underwater excrement and the like as fertilizers to purify water, then, fish and benthonic animals are used to control excessive plankton and prevent blue algae recurrence and the like, and meanwhile, the operation condition parameters and the like of each step are comprehensively controlled; through the survival rate that above-mentioned embodiment is more favorable to biology in each item, under ensureing the survival rate circumstances, and then more efficient guarantees the algae removal effect to ensure that the algae removal effect can be long-term and effectual maintenance, wherein discover through water quality monitoring that the proportion that blue alga accounts for in five months in the water environment is not higher than 15% after handling through above-mentioned method, and ammonia nitrogen concentration, phosphorus concentration all maintain lower concentration, have resumeed the healthy and stable of aquatic attitude system.
The following further describes a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to a specific example.
Example 1
This example was carried out in Yang Miao, chuzhou, in a bay section of approximately 1500 square meters in main canals, with water depths of approximately 1-1.5 meters. The experiment begins at 7 middle-to-middle-month ten-days, the northern lake blue algae is outbreak at 6 late months, the chlorophyll concentration is up to 2.256 mug/L, the total phosphorus is 0.330mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 2.7mg/L.
1) Preparing the self-made algae removal product. The algae removal material is produced in batches in a laboratory, sludge is taken from a Chuzhou dredging river channel, and is firstly placed on a flat ground for primary drying treatment and oxidation treatment, and the time is 7 days, and the sludge is continuously turned over during the period to achieve the purposes of comprehensive oxidation and uniform drying; adding the mixture into an ultrasonic instrument in batches for ultrasonic treatment, wherein the ultrasonic time is 72 hours; calcining at 550 ℃ for 6 h; cooling to normal temperature, and grinding the calcined material; sieving with 200 mesh sieve, and collecting sieved powder A to obtain powder B; and mixing the powder A and a positive charge reagent C according to the proportion (w/v) of 3. And respectively packaging the water aqua D and the powder B and transporting to the site for later use.
2) The algae removal is carried out by adopting a self-made algae removal product. Firstly, uniformly throwing the water aqua D, stirring for 10-30 min by using a speedboat, then uniformly scattering the powder B, and standing for 2-4 hours. At the moment, blue algae can be seen by naked eyes to sink immediately, and the concentration of chlorophyll a is measured to be 0.0025 mug/L, the total phosphorus is measured to be 0.001mg/L and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is measured to be 2.0mg/L after 2-4 hours. However, as the river reach is an open river reach, part of the blue algae still flows into the upstream and the downstream along with the polder dam.
3) Adding zooplankton to filter and feed blue algae. The second day after the algae is removed by adopting a self-made algae removal product, adding zooplankton with the concentration of 100mg/L, wherein the zooplankton is of a mixed variety, taking the indigenous zooplankton population in the environment, and screening and culturing in a laboratory, wherein the zooplankton has the blue algae filtering function. And adding the zooplankton into the water body, and standing for 7 days to further ensure the removal rate of the blue algae. Wherein, the blue algae can be wrapped and sink after the algaecide is added for 2 hours to remove the algae, so that the effect of removing the blue algae in the water body is achieved; but the addition of zooplankton is unstable, and once the zooplankton is added (the zooplankton is stored in the growth liquid, namely the zooplankton containing the growth liquid is added into the water body), the algae removal effect is influenced; in order to ensure the stability, the standing is carried out for 24 hours, which is favorable for strengthening the algae removal agent to tamp flocculent precipitates, planktons are added after the standing is carried out for the time, the residual blue algae in the water body is removed for the second time, and the total removal rate of the blue algae can be more effectively controlled to be not less than 95 percent.
4) And (5) throwing and planting the aquatic plant seedlings. The aquatic plant seedlings are determined to adopt the common sowthistle herb, the malayan eyeweed herb and the waterweed to carry out mixed planting according to the water body condition, the seedling length can be 5 cm-10 cm, and the aquatic plants which are not successfully planted by floating are artificially replanted within 3 weeks in the future. The aquatic plant seedling can adopt excrement of zooplankton at the water bottom and organic matters of dead blue algae as fertilizer, can remove partial organic matters in the water body, purifies the water body, and the environment is more favorable for the growth of aquatic plants. After 1 month, the plant growth was visible to the naked eye, increasing in height by about 10-30 cm. Wherein, in the step, the thrown aquatic plant seedling can be prepared in advance, for example, the grass seeds of the eel grass, the malus hirsuta and the waterweed can be soaked in water firstly, then the grass seeds are put in a thermostat for accelerating germination, when the germination length reaches 0.1 cm-1 cm, the germinated grass seeds are evenly buried in a culture pond, and the culture pond is paved with nutrient bottom mud and upper cover water; when the seedlings grow to 5-10 cm, the seedlings and the mud are made into grass seed bags and are taken to the site for later use.
5) Adding fish and benthonic animals. Wherein, filter feeding silver carp and bighead carp are added into the fish, and excessive and abundant zooplankton is filtered; the benthonic animals are added with the aeruginosus and the tubificidae, and eat blue algae and other debris which enter the dormancy stage at the bottom and enrich oxygen for the roots of the aquatic plants. After the aquatic plant seedlings grow for 1-3 months, fish and benthonic animals are added, under the condition of ensuring the good growth condition of the plants, the concentration of blue-green algae is further controlled, and the number of zooplankton is controlled, so that the recurrence of the blue-green algae is prevented, the removal rate of the blue-green algae is effectively maintained, the water body is purified, and the health and stability of an aquatic ecosystem are recovered.
6) And (5) monitoring the water quality. After the whole ecological system is repaired and rebuilt for about 2 months, water quality monitoring is carried out in the next 5 months, the water quality is kept good all the time, and after microscopic examination, the proportion of blue algae in the water body is found to be reduced, and some green algae, diatom and euglena are added. In addition, the aquatic plants are harvested by manual regular maintenance so as to ensure good growth condition of the aquatic plants. The water quality conditions from 8 months to 12 months are shown in the following table 1:
TABLE 1 Water quality from month 8 to month 12
It can be seen from table 1 that after the blue-green algae is removed by using the self-made algae removal product, the zooplankton is added for further algae removal, then the aquatic plants are thrown to grow by using the underwater excrement and the like as fertilizers to purify the water body, and finally the fish and the benthonic animals are used for controlling the number of excessive zooplankton to inhibit the recurrence of the blue-green algae, so that the proportion of the blue-green algae in the next 5 months is not higher than 15%, namely, the algae removal effect of not less than 95% can be maintained effectively for a long time, the water quality is kept good all the time, the ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations are controlled in a low concentration range, and the health and stability of an aquatic ecosystem are recovered.
The description of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the invention in the form disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to practitioners skilled in this art. The embodiment was chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, and to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention for various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.
Claims (10)
1. A method for synchronously recovering water environment by removing algae is characterized by comprising the following steps:
removing algae by using an algaecide, and standing for at least 2 hours;
adding zooplankton to filter and feed blue algae, and standing for 1-7 days;
throwing aquatic plant seedlings;
after 1-3 months, fish and benthonic animals are added to control zooplankton population and prevent blue algae recurrence.
2. The method for synchronously restoring water environment with algae removal according to claim 1,
standing for 18-26 hours after algae removal by using an algaecide;
the concentration of the zooplankton is 20 mg/L-200 mg/L.
3. The method for synchronously restoring water environment with algae removal according to claim 2,
adding zooplankton filter feeding blue algae after removing algae by using the algaecide to ensure that the total removal rate of blue algae is not less than 95%;
the zooplankton has the function of filtering the blue algae, and is obtained by selecting the indigenous zooplankton population in the environment, and screening and culturing the zooplankton population.
4. The method for synchronously restoring water environment with algae removal according to claim 1, further comprising, before the step of throwing the aquatic plant seedlings:
determining the mixed species of the aquatic plants according to the environmental condition of the water area, and determining the seed throwing density;
soaking the seeds of the aquatic plants in water, accelerating germination in a constant temperature box, and culturing in a culture pond until the length of the seedlings is 1-10 cm to obtain the aquatic plant seedlings.
5. The method for synchronously removing algae and restoring water environment as claimed in claim 4, wherein the aquatic plant is selected from submerged plant and/or emergent aquatic plant.
6. The method for synchronously removing algae and restoring water environment according to claim 1, wherein in the step of adding fish and benthonic animals to control the number of zooplankton and prevent the recurrence of blue-green algae, the adding density of the fish and benthonic animals is determined according to the concentration of the blue-green algae and the area of the water area; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the fish is used for filtering excessive zooplankton;
the benthonic animals are used for eating the blue algae in the dormancy stage and increasing oxygen for the aquatic plants.
7. The method for synchronously recovering the water environment by removing algae according to claim 1, wherein in the step of removing algae by using the algaecide, the algaecide is a self-made algae removal product prepared by resource utilization of desilting sludge.
8. The method for synchronously recovering the aquatic environment by removing algae according to claim 7, wherein the preparation method of the homemade algae removal product comprises the following steps:
sequentially carrying out drying treatment, ultrasonic treatment and calcination on the sludge;
grinding after calcining, and sieving by 80-200 meshes to obtain sieved self-made algae removal product powder A, and the balance being self-made algae removal product powder B;
and modifying the self-made algae removal product powder A by using a positive charge reagent C to obtain a self-made algae removal product water aqua D.
9. The method for synchronously recovering the aquatic environment by removing algae according to claim 8, wherein the step of removing algae by using the algaecide comprises the following steps:
firstly, a self-made algae removal product water agent D is thrown to remove algae;
then self-made algae removal product powder B is thrown to remove algae.
10. The method for synchronously recovering aquatic environment with algae removal according to claim 1, wherein the step of adding fish and zoobenthos to control zooplankton population and prevent blue algae recurrence further comprises: monitoring the water quality; wherein, the monitoring result shows that the proportion of the blue algae is not higher than 15% in five months.
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