CN103739174A - Method for purifying eutrophic water body by using aquatic animals, plants and microorganisms - Google Patents
Method for purifying eutrophic water body by using aquatic animals, plants and microorganisms Download PDFInfo
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- CN103739174A CN103739174A CN201410049608.3A CN201410049608A CN103739174A CN 103739174 A CN103739174 A CN 103739174A CN 201410049608 A CN201410049608 A CN 201410049608A CN 103739174 A CN103739174 A CN 103739174A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for purifying an eutrophic water body by using aquatic animals, plants and microorganisms; aquatic plankton is cultivated beforehand, and the following steps are carried out: a predetermined number of the cultivated aquatic plankton is put in a target water domain; the water body is kept in a transparent state as the aquatic plankton eat blue-green algae in the target water domain and restrain the regrowth of the blue-green algae; submerged plants in the target water domain are recovered to keep the water body in a stable clear state; engonus aquatic animals are poured in the target water domain to reinforce the water body biology diversity; and the ecologic stability of the water body at present is maintained. In the method for purifying the eutrophic water body by using the aquatic animals, plants and microorganisms, the ecologic method is used for forming an excellent water ecosystem to recover the service functions of the original ecosystem.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of purifying eutrophication water body, relate in particular to a kind of method of utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water.
Background technology
Now, eutrophication and the algal bloom outburst, the aquatic ecosystem that cause are therefrom degenerated and have not only been restricted the utilizability of lake resource, and the health that has directly affected the mankind is survived and socioeconomic sustainable development, it has been a global great environmental problem, the reparation of degeneration aquatic ecosystem is also a global hang-up
Also do not occur up to now can large-scale promotion mature technology, the ecosystem is the huge system of a complicated opening, between the huge component units of the quantity of system, there is complicated linear and non-linear contact, can in different levels, show diversity, self-organization and the complicacy of structure and function.Therefore, being difficult to find one not add improves and blanket technology, for different lakes, should there is unique design, any single technology is all difficult to the effect that reaches lasting and stable, sometimes be not only difficult to control the outburst of eutrophication algae population, even also can cause the increase of algae bio amount, eutrophication to present and increase the weight of trend.
According to the study, Microcystis aeruginosa is more adapted to grow in the environment of eutrophication, is approaching or is reaching under overweight eutrophic state, and Microcystis aeruginosa still can maintain the growth of biomass.Under suitable nutritional condition and illumination condition, Microcystis aeruginosa amount reproduction, then rises to the water surface by the regulating and controlling effect of pseudo-ghost, breaks out into wawter bloom.After breakout of water bloom, transparency further declines, and water body light intensity further weakens, and blue-green algae is the organism that adapts to low light, and its buoyancy adjustment can make it be trapped in any position in water body photic zone, only unique energy derive of waterplant, algae competition.Blue-green algae occupies superiority gradually like this, and consequence is that submerged vegetation fades away, and water body is muddy and stable this state of maintenance further.The minimizing of submerged vegetation, causes dissolved oxygen to decline, and causes the minimizing of attached plant and biology and eqizoa.And due to blue-green algae amount reproduction, mortality is decomposed and is consumed in a large number the dissolved oxygen in water, causes aerobic high fish kills.The decline of water body DO causes lake-bottom to be tending towards anaerobism, redox potential sharply declines, sediments is constantly converted in reduced state, impel again the nutritive substance being deeply hidden in bed mud to discharge with reduction-state, add the circulation of water body and nutrition, further increase the weight of body eutrophication, be more conducive to the generation of blue-green algae.
Blue-green algae has special blue-green algae glue and polysaccharose substance, the blue-green algae of each unit cell shape very easily connects again agglomerating, in blocks, the filter feeder of most of kinds lacks these blue-green algae glue and the single-minded digestive ferment of polysaccharose substance, thereby digests and assimilates difficulty, easily causes being short of food and hungry death; And blue-green algae edibility poor, can digest and assimilate and be of low nutritive value, therefore be difficult to become the food that rimary consumer likes; In addition the toxin that blue-green algae produces can kill fish, wildlife, even jeopardize the mankind.Once blue-green algae death, decomposition in water body, its toxin is just released in water body, and water body is caused to very large pollution.Once comprehensive these factors make blue-green algae form water body dominant population, in the situation that there is no effective external intervention, water body is absorbed in a kind of vicious cycle, becomes the ecosystem of continuous degeneration.
The eutrophication breakout of cyanobacteria blooms that constantly aggravation causes, has a strong impact on the performance of aquatic ecosystem service function.Blue-green alga bloom broken out the cancer into eutrophication aquatic ecosystem, control Blue-green Algae Fast Growth and also become a global difficult problem.For ecological recovery and the inhibition Blue-green Algae Fast Growth of eutrophication water, carried out a large amount of difficult exploration and practices both at home and abroad, the method for taking is roughly divided into three kinds, i.e. chemical method, Physical, biological methods.
Wherein, chemical method comprises and uses inorganic and organic chemical reagent to seal bed mud, use by the active chemistry algal control of extracting in natural biological except algae, with Inorganic chemicals.
Chemical treatment is the solution that solves algae pollution most convenient, but on ecology, this is the worst method, because pharmaceutical chemicals and their degradation production can finally run up in human body by biologic chain, uses chemical agent can cause the secondary pollution of aquatic ecosystem.Importantly, chemical treatment can not be eliminated this basic problem of overnutrition, once pharmaceutical chemicals is decomposed, dilutes, the amount reproduction of algae will occur again, need chemical treatment continuously, so chemical agent removes algae, can only serve as emergency schedule use rather than the effective measure as life-time service.
In a word, use chemical agent to administer algae and water pollution and also must pay special attention to its long-term negative effect, will cause serious secondary pollution to water body by the flocculate technology of algae, sealing bed mud of chemical agent, have a strong impact on water supply, the amusement function performance in lake, the public is difficult to accept.
Physical comprises that external source cuts dirt, drainage dirt removal, Sediment Dredging, watercourse aeration, machinery and fish for except algae, electromagnetic method are except algae, plocher energy system are except algae, the water conservancy diversion that changes its course, eutrophic water irrigation etc. except algae, manpower.
It is to start with from controlling exogenous nutrition source that external source is cut dirt, in fact, even if the lake of a lot of Heavyeutrophications is after external source nutritive salt is blocked completely, the nutritive salt accumulating in its bed mud still can discharge in water body, the Heavyeutrophication of water body still can continue the long duration, because bed mud is actually a huge nutrition library, so water body still can algal bloom frequently break out in the extremely very long time, only depend on and control the eutrophic state that the input of exogenous nutrition salt is difficult to fundamentally improve in the not oversize time lake, must be aided with the measure that other controls endogenous pollution, but the measure of controlling external source pollution is again the prerequisite of administering lake eutrophication, if not controlling external source pollutes, any measure is all difficult to the effect maintaining a long-term stability.
In a word, in Physical, drainage dirt removal, watercourse aeration, external source are cut the measures such as dirt, Sediment Dredging, coastal belt, structure lakeside wetland, to start with and reach the generation of respite blue-green alga bloom from reduction blue algae growth, breeding desired nutritional salt, but these physical property measures all cannot make the nutritive ingredient in water thoroughly be reduced to the limit requirement that does not produce algae in water, a large amount of facts have proved, physical property method implement after soon, along with the accumulation year by year of amount of algae, finally still can break out blue-green algae, therefore Physical also must be aided with the measure of other ecological recovery in time.
Biological process comprises the three major types such as biotechnological formulation method, ecological engineering method, biological control act.
As seen from the above analysis, lake eutrophication control has been passed by from control nutritive salt, has directly been removed algae, the difficult course to biology regulation and control, ecological recovery, has spent huge cost, but has produced little effect.Simple nutritive salt control is difficult to gather effect, it has ignored the interaction between the inner nutritive salt circulation in lake and biology, but also because internal recycle and external source are polluted and be difficult to thorough control, but control nutritive salt, it is again the prerequisite of administering eutrophication, external source point-source pollution does not thoroughly block, the control of external source pollution of area source immoderation, even if the measure of good improvement eutrophication all can be invalid again.Chemical agent or physical method are directly except algae is also difficult to reach the good result of administering eutrophication, and because being discharged into water body, chemical agent can cause secondary pollution, therefore can only meet an urgent need, its long-term toxicity effect to the ecosystem also must be monitored always, in order to avoid initiation eco-catastrophe, merely except algae is the method for curing the symptoms, not the disease.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the drawback of prior art, a kind of method of utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water is provided.
In the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water of the present invention, cultivate in advance hydroplankton, and carry out following steps:
Step 1 drops into predetermined quantity by aforementioned cultured hydroplankton in target waters, by the blue-green algae in described hydroplankton feed target waters and suppress the regrowth of blue-green algae, makes water body keep vitreous state;
Step 2, recovers the submerged plant in target waters, makes water body keep stablizing clear state;
Step 3 is thrown in indigenous hydrocoles in target waters, to strengthen water body Bio-diversity, and maintains the ecological stability of current water body.
In the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water of the present invention, described while cultivating hydroplankton in advance, choose the hydroplankton that location, target waters and its bore be greater than preset value and cultivate.
In the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water of the present invention, described while cultivating hydroplankton in advance, hydroplankton is put into pre-prepd Cultivation container, and in this Cultivation container, throw in the algae that particle is greater than described bore preset value, to eliminate bore, be less than the hydroplankton of preset value and obtain the hydroplankton that bore is greater than preset value.
In the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water of the present invention, described while cultivating hydroplankton in advance, when the density that the bore in Cultivation container is greater than the hydroplankton of preset value is greater than preset value, the hydroplankton being about in Cultivation container takes out.
In the step 1 of the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water of the present invention, the quantity of the hydroplankton according to the water quality data in target waters and construction period and really dropping in directional aim waters.
In the step 1 of the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water of the present invention, in target per ton waters, drop into 300 hydroplanktons.
In the step 2 of the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water of the present invention, utilize seed to splash and/or transplanting method and/or Bird's Nest method and/or sinking method recovery submerged plant.
In the step 3 of the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water of the present invention, according to the water body environment in target waters, determine kind and the quantity of throwing in indigenous hydrocoles.
In the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water of the present invention, first by planktonic organism, eat up blue-green algae, and produce regrowing of slightly acidic inhibition blue-green algae, make the water body long period keep vitreous state; Then recover submerged vegetation, after submerged vegetation recovery, water body continues to become clear, and suppresses blue-green algae generation by allelopathy; The growth of submerged plant can absorb again the nutrition in water; Submerged vegetation is brought bed mud by photosynthesis into a large amount of dissolved oxygens again, redox potential in mud is raise, promote bottom-dwelling to comprise growing of aquatic insect, worm, spiral shell, shellfish, and then make the self-cleaning of bed mud ecological recovery, further make lake water water body keep stablizing clear state; Finally put into original indigenous hydrocoles such as fish, shrimp, crab, increase water body Bio-diversity, form good aquatic ecosystem, recover original ecosystem service function, and to people, export continuously the high-quality fishery products of green ecological.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art can implement according to this with reference to specification sheets word.
The degeneration of the ecosystem also must be administered by ecological method.The apparent notable feature of eutrophication alga type water body is phytoplankton bloom, and then causes water quality deterioration, function of water body to decline, the dead catastrophic effect that waits of hydrobiont.Water body reparation, not only simply except algae is solved cosmetic issue, also must solve root problem---the ecological recovery of impaired water body.The object that aquatic ecosystem recovers be exactly to reproduce one naturally, can self―sustaining and the ecosystem of adjusting, make complete entity of itself and the natural landscape formation at place.The present invention, according to ecological ultimate principle, takes suitable technical cue, makes water body approach to greatest extent impaired front level, adjusts and improves structure and function and realize the forward target of ecological succession of this system.
In the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water of the present invention, need to cultivate in advance hydroplankton, then utilize this cultivation hydroplankton, in conjunction with submerged plant, indigenous hydrocoles etc., water body is repaired.
In the present invention, when cultivating hydroplankton in advance, can choose the hydroplankton that location, target waters and its bore be greater than preset value and cultivate.Particularly, hydroplankton can be put into pre-prepd Cultivation container, and in this Cultivation container, throw in the algae that particle is greater than described bore preset value, to eliminate bore, be less than the hydroplankton of preset value and obtain the hydroplankton that bore is greater than preset value.When the density that is greater than the hydroplankton of preset value when the bore in Cultivation container is greater than preset value, can the hydroplankton in Cultivation container be taken out stand-by.
As shown in Figure 1, the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water of the present invention, comprises the steps:
In this step, can be according to the water quality data in target waters and construction period and the quantity of the hydroplankton that really drops in directional aim waters, for example, in target per ton waters, drop into 300 hydroplanktons.
Drop into after hydroplankton, the hydroplankton blue-green algae in target waters of can taking food, to suppress the regrowth of blue-green algae.
In this step, can utilize seed to splash and/or transplanting method and/or Bird's Nest method and/or sinking method recovery submerged plant.
Wherein, seed splash be after submerged plant presprouting of seeds, mix mud be evenly sprinkling upon need sowing region in.
Transplanting method, is when water level is in 80 centimetres, and submerged plant is inserted in bed mud as rice transplanting.
Bird's Nest method, is when water level is in 80 centimetres, and submerged plant is made to nest like, is placed on bed mud and is pressed in the middle of the submerged plant of nest like by clod or tile block.
Sinking method, is when water level is during higher than 1 meter, owing to now standing in water, is difficult to operation, therefore submerged plant is put aboard ship, then submerged plant is made to nest like, middlely with rope, ties up fragment of brick, puts into gently water, allows submerged plant sink to the bottom.
Described submerged plant is chosen indigenous species as far as possible, to guarantee to adapt to local hydro_geography environment, meanwhile, can according to landscape need, determine collocation of colour as one sees fit, and consider the cleaning action to water quality.
After submerged plant in target waters is recovered, can make water body keep stablizing clear state.Described limpid, solar energy directly shines water bottom and can be considered it is clear state.
In this step, can determine kind and the quantity of throwing in indigenous hydrocoles according to the water body environment in target waters.
With respect to existing eutrophication water treatment process, method of the present invention is effective, can form the self-cleaning of water ecology chain, reaches that The water is no clear that one can see down to the bottom.Simultaneously, that processes is with low cost, because being utilizes zooplankton, plant, microbial treatment water environment to pollute, neither need the hardware construction of huge fund, also do not need a large amount of electric energy, more do not need any pharmaceutical chemicals reagent etc., this method relies on food linking relationship between biology and biology completely, the benign cycle of the formation ecosystem, the energy mainly maintains by sun power and a small amount of electric energy oxygenation.Only when start early stage, need certain input, after startup, can also rely on the benefit self producing to maintain certain operation.
And the side effect of the method for the invention lifeless matter, does not produce secondary pollution.Because zooplankton is first degree rimary consumer, in the bottom of food chain, any omnivory and carnivorous animal can be using them as foundation bait.Therefore, zooplankton is easy to be eliminated, and does not have any Biosafety problem.Application zooplankton is administered waters blue-green alga pollution, mainly by the mode of biologic chain transmission ofenergy, the nutritive salt such as the nitrogen in water, phosphorus to be enriched on high animal and plant body, reach the mesotrophic object of thorough proposition water, finally realize ecosystem benign cycle and self-cleaning, therefore, there is not secondary pollution.
The reparation of the method for the invention application zooplankton guiding water ecology, once set up " zooplankton---submerged forest " symbiosis ecology, with regard to very easily carrying out the plantation of ornamental plant under water and making scape, not only can purify water, can also build prismy beautiful natural landscape under water.And the method for the invention turns waste into wealth, can produce considerable economic benefit.After measured, feeding of zooplankton blue-green algae and organic after itself also with regard to enrichment very abundant nutrition, its higher unsaturated fatty acid and multiple amino acids isoreactivity substances content are 3 times of general meat-based food, be 20 times of general greengrocery food, the most agreeable to the taste, the most comprehensive nutritive substance be provided can to fish, shrimp, crab and fowl poultry kind animal.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed utilization in specification sheets and embodiment, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other modification, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the legend of describing.
Claims (8)
1. a method of utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water, is characterized in that, cultivates in advance hydroplankton, and carries out following steps:
Step 1 drops into predetermined quantity by aforementioned cultured hydroplankton in target waters, by the blue-green algae in described hydroplankton feed target waters and suppress the regrowth of blue-green algae, makes water body keep vitreous state;
Step 2, recovers the submerged plant in target waters, makes water body keep stablizing clear state;
Step 3 is thrown in indigenous hydrocoles in target waters, to strengthen water body Bio-diversity, and maintains the ecological stability of current water body.
2. the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described while cultivating hydroplankton in advance, choose the hydroplankton that location, target waters and its bore be greater than preset value and cultivate.
3. the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described while cultivating hydroplankton in advance, hydroplankton is put into pre-prepd Cultivation container, and in this Cultivation container, throw in the algae that particle is greater than described bore preset value, to eliminate bore, be less than the hydroplankton of preset value and obtain the hydroplankton that bore is greater than preset value.
4. the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described while cultivating hydroplankton in advance, when the density that the bore in Cultivation container is greater than the hydroplankton of preset value is greater than preset value, the hydroplankton being about in Cultivation container takes out.
5. the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step 1, the quantity of the hydroplankton according to the water quality data in target waters and construction period and really dropping in directional aim waters.
6. the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 1, drops into 300 hydroplanktons in target per ton waters.
7. the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 2, utilizes seed to splash and/or transplanting method and/or Bird's Nest method and/or sinking method recovery submerged plant.
8. the method for utilizing hydrocoles, plant, microbially decontaminate eutrophication water as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step 3, determines kind and the quantity of throwing in indigenous hydrocoles according to the water body environment in target waters.
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| CN104355412A (en) * | 2014-11-15 | 2015-02-18 | 北京紫岚风生态环境技术研究院 | Method for biologically purifying eutrophic water body |
| CN105884034A (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-08-24 | 上海能正渔业科技开发有限公司 | Method for screening and verifying alga-control tool organisms |
| CN104944711B (en) * | 2015-07-03 | 2016-09-07 | 广州太和水生态科技有限公司 | Method for treating water based on aquatic ecosystem and device thereof |
| CN108244002A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-07-06 | 中冶节能环保有限责任公司 | A kind of ecological method and system that growth is broken out using fingerling control duckweed |
| CN111018123A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-17 | 广东省生态环境技术研究所 | Village ecological landscape pond system for recycling nitrogen and phosphorus in water body |
| CN111285469A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-06-16 | 陈华 | Method for controlling and recycling blue algae |
| CN112030909A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 江苏东方生态清淤工程有限公司 | Full-flow all-season treatment process for controlling lake flooding of lake water body |
| CN115159766A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-10-11 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | Method for synchronously recovering water environment by removing algae |
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| CN111285469A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-06-16 | 陈华 | Method for controlling and recycling blue algae |
| CN112030909A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-04 | 江苏东方生态清淤工程有限公司 | Full-flow all-season treatment process for controlling lake flooding of lake water body |
| CN115159766A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-10-11 | 中冶华天工程技术有限公司 | Method for synchronously recovering water environment by removing algae |
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