CN111170463A - Comprehensive improvement method for eutrophic water body - Google Patents
Comprehensive improvement method for eutrophic water body Download PDFInfo
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- CN111170463A CN111170463A CN201911356777.0A CN201911356777A CN111170463A CN 111170463 A CN111170463 A CN 111170463A CN 201911356777 A CN201911356777 A CN 201911356777A CN 111170463 A CN111170463 A CN 111170463A
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water, which relates to the technical field of water improvement and comprises the following steps: the biological floating bed is floated in the eutrophic water body to be improved, the biological floating bed comprises a bed body used for fixing floating bed plants and floating barrels positioned on the left side and the right side of the bed body to provide buoyancy, a protective cover used for protecting roots and stems of the floating bed plants from being gnawed by fishes is fixedly arranged below the bed body, a spherical water body modifying agent is suspended between the protective cover and the bed body, the floating bed plants are emergent aquatic plants, and the spherical water body modifying agent comprises a composite microbial inoculum and a carrier used for loading.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water body improvement, in particular to a comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water body.
Background
With the rapid development of cities and agriculture, a large amount of untreated urban domestic sewage and industrial and agricultural sewage flow into lakes and rivers to continuously enrich nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutritive salts in the lakes and the rivers, so that the productivity of water is improved, and part of algae biomass and other aquatic organisms are promoted to be abnormally propagated in large quantities, thereby causing eutrophication of the water and water bloom generation.
The water eutrophication refers to the phenomenon of water quality pollution caused by excessive content of nutrient salts such as N, P in the water. The essence of the method is that the species distribution of the water ecosystem is unbalanced and a single species grows excessively due to the unbalanced input and output of nutritive salt, so that the flow of substances and energy of the system is damaged, and the whole water ecosystem gradually goes to death.
Eutrophication affects the quality of the water and causes a decrease in the transparency of the water, making it difficult for sunlight to penetrate through the permeable layer, thereby affecting photosynthesis of plants in the water and possibly causing a supersaturated state of dissolved oxygen. The supersaturation of dissolved oxygen and the small amount of dissolved oxygen in water are harmful to aquatic animals, causing a great amount of fish death. Meanwhile, because of water eutrophication, a large amount of algae with blue algae and green algae as dominant species grow on the surface of the water, and a layer of green scum is formed, so that harmful gas generated by the decomposition of organic substances accumulated at the bottom layer under anaerobic conditions and biotoxin generated by some plankton can also damage the fishes. Because the eutrophic water contains nitrate and nitrite, people and livestock can also be poisoned and pathogenic if drinking the water with the content of the substances exceeding a certain standard for a long time.
The physical treatment measures are mainly sediment dredging, water deep aeration, water injection dilution, plastic laying on the sediment surface and the like. For lakes with eutrophication, phosphorus released from bottom sediment is an important endogenous pollution source, the most direct and effective method at present is bottom sediment dredging, and the method is adopted in the Yunnan pond in China, but the cost is high. The deep aeration is to supplement oxygen by adopting artificial lake bottom deep aeration regularly or irregularly, so that an anaerobic layer does not appear between the interface of water and bottom sludge, the aerobic state is always kept, the release of bottom sludge phosphorus is inhibited, and the water quality is improved. However, these measures have the disadvantages of large engineering quantity, large technical difficulty, large influence on the surrounding environment, high cost, large power consumption, poor durability and the like.
The chemical treatment measures are mainly to add chemical agents to directly precipitate nitrogen and phosphorus to achieve the purpose of treating the eutrophication of the water body. The addition of chemical agents can precipitate two elements of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, but the main problem is that the chemical agents finally sink to the bottom of the lake and are wrapped by bottom mud to lose effectiveness, so that secondary pollution is caused to the lake, and underground water is easily polluted.
Chinese patent CN 107522289A discloses an ecological restoration method of eutrophic water, which comprises draining a river to a prepared treatment bay, activating part of eutrophic organic components into micromolecular organic matters required by biological activity by adopting protease, cellulase, amylase and the like, permanently decomposing and improving the nutrient components of the water by microorganisms, continuously improving the structure by the activity of probiotic plants to promote the nutrient circulation of the water, rapidly consuming the organic matters in the eutrophic water by planting plants which are resistant to eutrophication and grow rapidly, planting economic crops and culturing river crabs and other economic products by utilizing the eutrophic water, and transforming lean soil into fertile soil by utilizing the eutrophic water to achieve the optimal utilization of resources. The invention has the advantages of quick effect, thorough treatment and good economical efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water body.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water bodies comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of floating a biological floating bed in eutrophic water to improve the eutrophic water, wherein the biological floating bed comprises a bed body used for fixing floating bed plants and floating bowls positioned at the left side and the right side of the bed body and used for providing buoyancy, a protective cover used for protecting roots and stems of the floating bed plants from being gnawed by fishes is fixedly arranged below the bed body, a spherical water modifying agent is suspended between the protective cover and the bed body, the floating bed plants are emergent aquatic plants, and the spherical water modifying agent comprises a composite microbial inoculum and a carrier used for loading;
the compound microbial inoculum comprises EM microbial inoculum and trichoderma;
the carrier comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30-50 parts of modified zeolite, 20-30 parts of turf, 4-8 parts of chitosan, 0.1-0.5 part of terpineol, 0.1-0.5 part of ethyl cellulose, 5-12 parts of nano hydroxyapatite, 6610-15 parts of polyamide, 3-6 parts of bentonite molecular sieve and 1-6 parts of binder.
Preferably, the diameter of the spherical water body modifying agent is larger than the mesh diameter of the protective cover.
Preferably, the emergent aquatic plant is at least one of cattail leaf, calamus, wild rice stem, yellow iris, loosestrife, cress, sparganium stoloniferum and allium fistulosum.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the complex microbial inoculum to the carrier is 1: 80-100.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the EM microbial inoculum to the trichoderma is 1-5: 1.
preferably, the modified zeolite is prepared by the following method:
crushing natural zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying in an oven at 100-120 ℃ for 2-5h, dissolving siloxane quaternary ammonium salt with deionized water, adding the natural zeolite, stirring at room temperature for 1-3h, dropwise adding a hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 50-60 ℃ after dropwise adding, reacting for 5-10h, performing suction filtration, washing with water to neutrality, drying, adding an iron chloride solution, performing immersion treatment for 30-50min, filtering, drying, transferring to a muffle furnace, roasting at 200-240 ℃ for 8-12h, and naturally cooling to obtain the modified zeolite.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the siloxane quaternary ammonium salt to the natural zeolite to the deionized water is 1: 20-30: 80-100.
Preferably, the molar concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 2-2.5 mol/L.
Preferably, the preparation method of the spherical water body modifying agent comprises the following steps:
(1) boiling sterile water, adding brown sugar to obtain uniform solution, sterilizing the solution with ultraviolet rays, cooling to 30-35 deg.C, adding the compound bacteria agent to obtain bacteria solution;
(2) crushing the carrier, sieving the crushed carrier with a 200-mesh sieve, sterilizing, washing the crushed carrier with 70% ethanol solution for three times, washing the washed carrier with phosphoric acid buffer solution for three times, drying the washed carrier at 70-80 ℃, slowly dripping bacterial liquid into the washed carrier, granulating the mixture on a disc granulator, and fumigating and fixing the obtained semi-finished product of the modifying agent with starved acid to obtain the finished product of the spherical water modifying agent.
Preferably, the molar concentration of the phosphate buffer is 20-30 mmol/L.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water, which has the following beneficial effects:
the biological floating bed of the invention utilizes the root system with large emergent aquatic plant surface area to form a dense net in water, and the spherical water body modifying agent loaded with the composite microbial inoculum is suspended in the net, on one hand, the emergent aquatic plant root system and the spherical water body modifying agent can both adsorb a large amount of suspended matters in the water body, and gradually form a biological film on the surface of the plant root system, and the microorganisms in the film phagocytize and metabolize pollutants in the water into inorganic matters, so that the inorganic matters become nutrient substances of plants, and are converted into components of plant cells through photosynthesis to promote the growth of the plant cells, and finally, the emergent aquatic plants on the biological floating bed are harvested to reduce nutritive salt in the water, and can shield sunlight to inhibit the photosynthesis of algae in the water, reduce the growth amount of phytoplankton, effectively prevent the generation of 'water', improve the transparency of the water body, and has extremely high effect on removing, and the carrier in the spherical water body modifying agent takes the modified zeolite as a main component, and is matched with porous raw materials such as turf, nano-hydroxyapatite, polyamide, bentonite molecular sieve and the like, so that the spherical water body modifying agent has a very high adsorption effect on algae, microorganisms and heavy metal ions suspended in water, the pore structure of the modified zeolite is changed, the load capacity is improved, and the dephosphorization effect can be greatly improved by utilizing the strong electrostatic adsorption capacity of ferric ions to phosphate radical ions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a biological floating bed according to the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures represent respectively:
1. a bed body; 2. a float bowl; 3. a spherical water body modifier; 4. a protective cover; 5. emerging plants.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water bodies comprises the following steps:
make biological superficial bed float and improve it in eutrophic water, biological superficial bed is including the bed body that is used for fixed superficial bed plant, and be located the bed body left and right sides and provide the flotation pontoon of buoyancy, the fixed safety cover that is used for protecting superficial bed plant rhizome to avoid fish to gnaw and eat below the bed body, it has spherical water improver to suspend between safety cover and the bed body, the diameter of spherical water improver is greater than the mesh diameter of safety cover, superficial bed plant is broad leaf cattail, calamus, water bamboo, spherical water improver includes compound microbial inoculum and the carrier that is used for the load, the weight ratio of compound microbial inoculum and carrier is 1: 100, the composite microbial inoculum comprises the following components in percentage by weight of 3: 1 EM inoculum and trichoderma;
the carrier comprises the following components in parts by weight:
40 parts of modified zeolite, 22 parts of turf, 5 parts of chitosan, 0.2 part of terpineol, 0.1 part of ethyl cellulose, 10 parts of nano hydroxyapatite, 6613 parts of polyamide, 4 parts of bentonite molecular sieve and 5 parts of binder.
The preparation method of the modified zeolite comprises the following steps:
crushing natural zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying in an oven at 105 ℃ for 3h, dissolving siloxane quaternary ammonium salt with deionized water, and adding the natural zeolite, wherein the mass ratio of the siloxane quaternary ammonium salt to the natural zeolite to the deionized water is 1: 30: 100, stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, dropwise adding a hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 60 ℃ after dropwise adding, reacting for 6 hours, performing suction filtration, washing to be neutral, drying, adding a ferric chloride solution, performing immersion treatment for 50min, filtering, drying, transferring to a muffle furnace, roasting at 220 ℃ for 10 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain the modified zeolite.
The preparation method of the spherical water body modifying agent comprises the following steps:
(1) boiling sterile water, adding brown sugar to obtain uniform solution, performing ultraviolet sterilization on the solution, cooling to 32 ℃, adding the composite microbial inoculum, and preparing into a bacterial solution;
(2) crushing the carrier, sieving the crushed carrier with a 200-mesh sieve, sterilizing, washing the crushed carrier with 70% ethanol solution for three times, washing the washed carrier with 25mmol/L phosphoric acid buffer solution for three times, drying the washed carrier at 75 ℃, slowly dripping bacterial liquid into the washed carrier, granulating the mixture on a disc granulator, and fumigating and fixing the obtained semi-finished product of the modifying agent with starved acid to obtain a finished product of the spherical water modifying agent.
Example 2:
a comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water bodies comprises the following steps:
make biological floating bed float and improve it in eutrophic water, biological floating bed is including the bed body that is used for fixed floating bed plant, and be located the bed body left and right sides and provide the flotation pontoon of buoyancy, the fixed safety cover that is used for protecting floating bed plant rhizome to avoid fish to gnaw, it has spherical water modifying agent to suspend between safety cover and the bed body, the diameter of spherical water modifying agent is greater than the mesh diameter of safety cover, the floating bed plant is cattail, willow herb, cress, spherical water modifying agent includes compound microbial inoculum and the carrier that is used for the load, the weight ratio of compound microbial inoculum and carrier is 1: 90, the composite microbial inoculum comprises the following components in percentage by weight of 1: 1 EM inoculum and trichoderma;
the carrier comprises the following components in parts by weight:
50 parts of modified zeolite, 20 parts of turf, 6 parts of chitosan, 0.3 part of terpineol, 0.5 part of ethyl cellulose, 6 parts of nano hydroxyapatite, 6614 parts of polyamide, 3 parts of bentonite molecular sieve and 2 parts of binder.
The preparation method of the modified zeolite comprises the following steps:
crushing natural zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying in an oven at 100 ℃ for 3h, dissolving siloxane quaternary ammonium salt with deionized water, and adding the natural zeolite, wherein the mass ratio of the siloxane quaternary ammonium salt to the natural zeolite to the deionized water is 1: 20: 90, stirring at room temperature for 1h, dropwise adding a hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 60 ℃ after dropwise adding, reacting for 8h, performing suction filtration, washing to be neutral, drying, adding a ferric chloride solution, performing immersion treatment for 50min, filtering, drying, transferring to a muffle furnace, roasting at 220 ℃ for 8h, and naturally cooling to obtain the modified zeolite.
The preparation method of the spherical water body modifying agent comprises the following steps:
(1) boiling sterile water, adding brown sugar to obtain uniform solution, performing ultraviolet sterilization on the solution, cooling to 30 ℃, adding the composite microbial inoculum, and preparing into a bacterial solution;
(2) crushing the carrier, sieving the crushed carrier with a 200-mesh sieve, sterilizing, washing the crushed carrier with 70% ethanol solution for three times, washing the washed carrier with phosphoric acid buffer solution with the molar concentration of 20mmol/L for three times, drying the washed carrier at 80 ℃, slowly dripping bacterial liquid into the washed carrier, granulating the dried carrier on a disc granulator, and fumigating and fixing the obtained semi-finished product of the modifying agent with starved acid to obtain a finished product of the spherical water modifying agent.
Example 3:
a comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water bodies comprises the following steps:
make biological bed of floating improve it in eutrophic water, biological bed of floating is including the bed body that is used for fixed bed plant that floats, and be located the bed body left and right sides and provide the flotation pontoon of buoyancy, the fixed safety cover that is used for protecting bed plant rhizome to avoid fish to gnaw and eat below the bed body, it has spherical water modifying agent to suspend between safety cover and the bed body, the diameter of spherical water modifying agent is greater than the mesh diameter of safety cover, the bed plant that floats is calamus, the iris tectorum, spherical water modifying agent includes composite bacterial agent and the carrier that is used for the load, the weight ratio of composite bacterial agent and carrier is 1: 95, the composite microbial inoculum comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 EM inoculum and trichoderma;
the carrier comprises the following components in parts by weight:
50 parts of modified zeolite, 30 parts of turf, 7 parts of chitosan, 0.1 part of terpineol, 0.3 part of ethyl cellulose, 7 parts of nano hydroxyapatite, 6613 parts of polyamide, 4 parts of bentonite molecular sieve and 5 parts of binder.
The preparation method of the modified zeolite comprises the following steps:
crushing natural zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying in an oven at 110 ℃ for 4h, dissolving siloxane quaternary ammonium salt with deionized water, and adding the natural zeolite, wherein the mass ratio of the siloxane quaternary ammonium salt to the natural zeolite to the deionized water is 1: 30: 100, stirring at room temperature for 2.5h, dropwise adding a hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 60 ℃ after dropwise adding, reacting for 10h, performing suction filtration, washing to be neutral, drying, adding a ferric chloride solution, performing immersion treatment for 40min, filtering, drying, transferring to a muffle furnace, roasting at 230 ℃ for 12h, and naturally cooling to obtain the modified zeolite.
The preparation method of the spherical water body modifying agent comprises the following steps:
(1) boiling sterile water, adding brown sugar to obtain uniform solution, performing ultraviolet sterilization on the solution, cooling to 35 ℃, adding the composite microbial inoculum, and preparing into a bacterial solution;
(2) crushing the carrier, sieving the crushed carrier with a 200-mesh sieve, sterilizing, washing the crushed carrier with 70% ethanol solution for three times, washing the washed carrier with 30mmol/L phosphoric acid buffer solution for three times, drying the washed carrier at 75 ℃, slowly dripping bacterial liquid into the washed carrier, granulating the mixture on a disc granulator, and fumigating and fixing the obtained semi-finished product of the modifying agent with starved acid to obtain a finished product of the spherical water modifying agent.
Example 4:
a comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water bodies comprises the following steps:
make biological floating bed float and improve it in eutrophic water, biological floating bed is including the bed body that is used for fixed floating bed plant, and be located the bed body left and right sides and provide the flotation pontoon of buoyancy, the fixed safety cover that is used for protecting floating bed plant rhizome to avoid fish to gnaw and eat below the bed body, it has spherical water modifying agent to suspend between safety cover and the bed body, the diameter of spherical water modifying agent is greater than the mesh diameter of safety cover, the floating bed plant is yellow flower iris, three arris grass, water shallot, spherical water modifying agent includes compound microbial inoculum and the carrier that is used for the load, the weight ratio of compound microbial inoculum and carrier is 1: 80, the composite microbial inoculum comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 EM inoculum and trichoderma;
the carrier comprises the following components in parts by weight:
44 parts of modified zeolite, 26 parts of turf, 5 parts of chitosan, 0.3 part of terpineol, 0.1 part of ethyl cellulose, 7 parts of nano hydroxyapatite, 6612 parts of polyamide, 3 parts of bentonite molecular sieve and 5 parts of binder.
The preparation method of the modified zeolite comprises the following steps:
crushing natural zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying in an oven at 120 ℃ for 4h, dissolving siloxane quaternary ammonium salt with deionized water, and adding the natural zeolite, wherein the mass ratio of the siloxane quaternary ammonium salt to the natural zeolite to the deionized water is 1: 20: 100, stirring at room temperature for 2 hours, dropwise adding a hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 60 ℃ after dropwise adding, reacting for 8 hours, performing suction filtration, washing to be neutral, drying, adding a ferric chloride solution, performing immersion treatment for 50min, filtering, drying, transferring to a muffle furnace, roasting at 240 ℃ for 9 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain the modified zeolite.
The preparation method of the spherical water body modifying agent comprises the following steps:
(1) boiling sterile water, adding brown sugar to obtain uniform solution, performing ultraviolet sterilization on the solution, cooling to 35 ℃, adding the composite microbial inoculum, and preparing into a bacterial solution;
(2) crushing the carrier, sieving the crushed carrier with a 200-mesh sieve, sterilizing, washing the crushed carrier with 70% ethanol solution for three times, washing the washed carrier with 25mmol/L phosphoric acid buffer solution for three times, drying the washed carrier at 80 ℃, slowly dripping bacterial liquid into the washed carrier, granulating the dried carrier on a disc granulator, and fumigating and fixing the obtained semi-finished product of the modifying agent with starved acid to obtain a finished product of the spherical water modifying agent.
Example 5:
a comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water bodies comprises the following steps:
make biological superficial bed float and improve it in eutrophic water, biological superficial bed is including the bed body that is used for fixed floating bed plant, and be located the bed body left and right sides and provide the flotation pontoon of buoyancy, the fixed safety cover that is used for protecting floating bed plant rhizome to avoid fish to gnaw and eat below the bed body, it has spherical water improver to suspend between safety cover and the bed body, the diameter of spherical water improver is greater than the mesh diameter of safety cover, the floating bed plant is broadleaf cattail, spherical water improver includes composite bacterial agent and the carrier that is used for the load, the weight ratio of composite bacterial agent and carrier is 1: 80, the composite microbial inoculum comprises the following components in percentage by weight of 1: 1 EM inoculum and trichoderma;
the carrier comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30 parts of modified zeolite, 20 parts of turf, 4 parts of chitosan, 0.1 part of terpineol, 0.1 part of ethyl cellulose, 5 parts of nano hydroxyapatite, 6610 parts of polyamide, 3 parts of bentonite molecular sieve and 1 part of binder.
The preparation method of the modified zeolite comprises the following steps:
crushing natural zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying in an oven at 100 ℃ for 2h, dissolving siloxane quaternary ammonium salt with deionized water, and adding the natural zeolite, wherein the mass ratio of the siloxane quaternary ammonium salt to the natural zeolite to the deionized water is 1: 20: 80, stirring at room temperature for 1h, dropwise adding a hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 50 ℃ after dropwise adding, reacting for 5h, performing suction filtration, washing to be neutral, drying, adding a ferric chloride solution, performing immersion treatment for 30min, filtering, drying, transferring to a muffle furnace, roasting at 200 ℃ for 8h, and naturally cooling to obtain the modified zeolite.
The preparation method of the spherical water body modifying agent comprises the following steps:
(1) boiling sterile water, adding brown sugar to obtain uniform solution, performing ultraviolet sterilization on the solution, cooling to 30 ℃, adding the composite microbial inoculum, and preparing into a bacterial solution;
(2) crushing the carrier, sieving the crushed carrier with a 200-mesh sieve, sterilizing, washing the crushed carrier with 70% ethanol solution for three times, washing the washed carrier with phosphoric acid buffer solution with the molar concentration of 20mmol/L for three times, drying the washed carrier at 70 ℃, slowly dripping bacterial liquid into the washed carrier, granulating the dried carrier on a disc granulator, and fumigating and fixing the obtained semi-finished product of the modifying agent with starved acid to obtain a finished product of the spherical water modifying agent.
Example 6:
a comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water bodies comprises the following steps:
make biological bed of floating improve it in eutrophic water, biological bed of floating is including the bed body that is used for fixed bed plant that floats, and be located the bed body left and right sides and provide the flotation pontoon of buoyancy, the fixed safety cover that is used for protecting bed plant rhizome to avoid fish to gnaw and eat below the bed body, it has spherical water improver to suspend between safety cover and the bed body, the diameter of spherical water improver is greater than the mesh diameter of safety cover, the bed plant that floats is water bamboo, Qianlandicai, water shallot, spherical water improver includes compound microbial inoculum and the carrier that is used for the load, the weight ratio of compound microbial inoculum and carrier is 1: 100, the composite microbial inoculum comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 EM inoculum and trichoderma;
the carrier comprises the following components in parts by weight:
50 parts of modified zeolite, 30 parts of turf, 8 parts of chitosan, 0.5 part of terpineol, 0.5 part of ethyl cellulose, 12 parts of nano hydroxyapatite, 6615 parts of polyamide, 6 parts of bentonite molecular sieve and 6 parts of binder.
The preparation method of the modified zeolite comprises the following steps:
crushing natural zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying in an oven at 120 ℃ for 5 hours, dissolving siloxane quaternary ammonium salt with deionized water, and adding the natural zeolite, wherein the mass ratio of the siloxane quaternary ammonium salt to the natural zeolite to the deionized water is 1: 30: 100, stirring at room temperature for 3 hours, dropwise adding a hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 60 ℃ after dropwise adding, reacting for 10 hours, performing suction filtration, washing to be neutral, drying, adding a ferric chloride solution, performing immersion treatment for 50min, filtering, drying, transferring to a muffle furnace, roasting at 240 ℃ for 12 hours, and naturally cooling to obtain the modified zeolite.
The preparation method of the spherical water body modifying agent comprises the following steps:
(1) boiling sterile water, adding brown sugar to obtain uniform solution, performing ultraviolet sterilization on the solution, cooling to 35 ℃, adding the composite microbial inoculum, and preparing into a bacterial solution;
(2) crushing the carrier, sieving the crushed carrier with a 200-mesh sieve, sterilizing, washing the crushed carrier with 70% ethanol solution for three times, washing the washed carrier with 30mmol/L phosphoric acid buffer solution for three times, drying the washed carrier at 80 ℃, slowly dripping bacterial liquid into the washed carrier, granulating the dried carrier on a disc granulator, and fumigating and fixing the obtained semi-finished product of the modifying agent with starved acid to obtain a finished product of the spherical water modifying agent.
Example 7:
a comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water bodies comprises the following steps:
make biological floating bed float and improve it in eutrophic water, biological floating bed is including the bed body that is used for fixed floating bed plant, and be located the bed body left and right sides and provide the flotation pontoon of buoyancy, the fixed safety cover that is used for protecting floating bed plant rhizome to avoid fish to gnaw and eat below the bed body, it has spherical water modifying agent to suspend between safety cover and the bed body, the diameter of spherical water modifying agent is greater than the mesh diameter of safety cover, the floating bed plant is yellow flower iris, three arris grass, spherical water modifying agent includes composite bacterial agent and the carrier that is used for the load, the weight ratio of composite bacterial agent and carrier is 1: 80, the composite microbial inoculum comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 1 EM inoculum and trichoderma;
the carrier comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30 parts of modified zeolite, 30 parts of turf, 4 parts of chitosan, 0.5 part of terpineol, 0.1 part of ethyl cellulose, 12 parts of nano hydroxyapatite, 6610 parts of polyamide, 6 parts of bentonite molecular sieve and 1 part of binder.
The preparation method of the modified zeolite comprises the following steps:
crushing natural zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying in an oven at 120 ℃ for 2h, dissolving siloxane quaternary ammonium salt with deionized water, and adding the natural zeolite, wherein the mass ratio of the siloxane quaternary ammonium salt to the natural zeolite to the deionized water is 1: 30: 80, stirring at room temperature for 3h, dropwise adding a hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 50 ℃ after dropwise adding, reacting for 10h, performing suction filtration, washing to be neutral, drying, adding a ferric chloride solution, performing immersion treatment for 30min, filtering, drying, transferring to a muffle furnace, roasting at 240 ℃ for 8h, and naturally cooling to obtain the modified zeolite.
The preparation method of the spherical water body modifying agent comprises the following steps:
(1) boiling sterile water, adding brown sugar to obtain uniform solution, performing ultraviolet sterilization on the solution, cooling to 35 ℃, adding the composite microbial inoculum, and preparing into a bacterial solution;
(2) crushing the carrier, sieving the crushed carrier with a 200-mesh sieve, sterilizing, washing the crushed carrier with 70% ethanol solution for three times, washing the washed carrier with phosphoric acid buffer solution with the molar concentration of 20mmol/L for three times, drying the washed carrier at 80 ℃, slowly dripping bacterial liquid into the washed carrier, granulating the dried carrier on a disc granulator, and fumigating and fixing the obtained semi-finished product of the modifying agent with starved acid to obtain a finished product of the spherical water modifying agent.
Example 8:
a comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water bodies comprises the following steps:
make biological floating bed float and improve it in eutrophic water, biological floating bed is including the bed body that is used for fixed floating bed plant, and be located the bed body left and right sides and provide the flotation pontoon of buoyancy, the fixed safety cover that is used for protecting floating bed plant rhizome to avoid fish to gnaw and eat below the bed body, it has spherical water modifying agent to suspend between safety cover and the bed body, the diameter of spherical water modifying agent is greater than the mesh diameter of safety cover, the floating bed plant is water celery, spherical water modifying agent includes composite bacterial agent and the carrier that is used for the load, the weight ratio of composite bacterial agent and carrier is 1: 100, the composite microbial inoculum comprises the following components in percentage by weight of 1: 1 EM inoculum and trichoderma;
the carrier comprises the following components in parts by weight:
50 parts of modified zeolite, 20 parts of turf, 8 parts of chitosan, 0.1 part of terpineol, 0.5 part of ethyl cellulose, 5 parts of nano hydroxyapatite, 6615 parts of polyamide, 3 parts of bentonite molecular sieve and 6 parts of binder.
The preparation method of the modified zeolite comprises the following steps:
crushing natural zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying in an oven at 100 ℃ for 5 hours, dissolving siloxane quaternary ammonium salt with deionized water, and adding the natural zeolite, wherein the mass ratio of the siloxane quaternary ammonium salt to the natural zeolite to the deionized water is 1: 20: 100, stirring at room temperature for 1h, dropwise adding a hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 60 ℃ after dropwise adding, reacting for 5h, performing suction filtration, washing to be neutral, drying, adding a ferric chloride solution, performing immersion treatment for 50min, filtering, drying, transferring to a muffle furnace, roasting at 200 ℃ for 12h, and naturally cooling to obtain the modified zeolite.
The preparation method of the spherical water body modifying agent comprises the following steps:
(1) boiling sterile water, adding brown sugar to obtain uniform solution, performing ultraviolet sterilization on the solution, cooling to 30 ℃, adding the composite microbial inoculum, and preparing into a bacterial solution;
(2) crushing the carrier, sieving the crushed carrier with a 200-mesh sieve, sterilizing, washing the crushed carrier with 70% ethanol solution for three times, washing the washed carrier with 30mmol/L phosphoric acid buffer solution for three times, drying the washed carrier at 70 ℃, slowly dripping bacterial liquid into the washed carrier, granulating the dried carrier on a disc granulator, and fumigating and fixing the obtained semi-finished product of the modifying agent with starved acid to obtain a finished product of the spherical water modifying agent.
The experimental water body is improved by the method of the embodiment 1 of the invention, and the results are shown in the following table 1:
table 1:
| before improvement | After improvement | |
| pH | 6.83 | 7.65 |
| Ammonia nitrogen (mg/L) | 1.04 | 0.12 |
| Total nitrogen (mg/L) | 1.55 | 0.36 |
| Total phosphorus (mg/L) | 0.82 | 0.07 |
| COD(mg/L) | 7.69 | 2.05 |
| Chlorophyll a (mug/L) | 68 | 5 |
As can be seen from the above table 1, the method can effectively improve the eutrophic water body, so that the pH of the water body tends to be neutral, the nitrogen and phosphorus content and the COD content are obviously reduced, the removal rate of chlorophyll a is high, and the outbreak of the blue algae is effectively inhibited.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of floating a biological floating bed in eutrophic water to improve the eutrophic water, wherein the biological floating bed comprises a bed body used for fixing floating bed plants and floating bowls positioned at the left side and the right side of the bed body and used for providing buoyancy, a protective cover used for protecting roots and stems of the floating bed plants from being gnawed by fishes is fixedly arranged below the bed body, a spherical water modifying agent is suspended between the protective cover and the bed body, the floating bed plants are emergent aquatic plants, and the spherical water modifying agent comprises a composite microbial inoculum and a carrier used for loading;
the compound microbial inoculum comprises EM microbial inoculum and trichoderma;
the carrier comprises the following components in parts by weight:
30-50 parts of modified zeolite, 20-30 parts of turf, 4-8 parts of chitosan, 0.1-0.5 part of terpineol, 0.1-0.5 part of ethyl cellulose, 5-12 parts of nano hydroxyapatite, 6610-15 parts of polyamide, 3-6 parts of bentonite molecular sieve and 1-6 parts of binder.
2. The method for integrated amelioration of eutrophic water of claim 1, wherein the spherical water body-improving agent has a diameter larger than the mesh diameter of the protective cover.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the emergent aquatic plant is at least one of Typha latifolia, Acorus calamus, Zizania latifolia, Iris florida, Lythrum salicaria, Oenanthe stolonifera, Sparganium stoloniferum, and Allium schoenoprasum.
4. The method for the comprehensive improvement of an eutrophic water body according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the complex microbial inoculum to the carrier is 1: 80-100.
5. The method for the comprehensive improvement of an eutrophic water body according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the EM microbial inoculum to the trichoderma is 1-5: 1.
6. the method for the comprehensive improvement of eutrophic water body according to claim 1, wherein the modified zeolite is prepared by the following method:
crushing natural zeolite, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying in an oven at 100-120 ℃ for 2-5h, dissolving siloxane quaternary ammonium salt with deionized water, adding the natural zeolite, stirring at room temperature for 1-3h, dropwise adding a hydrochloric acid solution, heating to 50-60 ℃ after dropwise adding, reacting for 5-10h, performing suction filtration, washing with water to neutrality, drying, adding an iron chloride solution, performing immersion treatment for 30-50min, filtering, drying, transferring to a muffle furnace, roasting at 200-240 ℃ for 8-12h, and naturally cooling to obtain the modified zeolite.
7. The method of comprehensively improving an eutrophic water body according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the siloxane quaternary ammonium salt, the natural zeolite and the deionized water is 1: 20-30: 80-100.
8. The comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water body according to claim 6, wherein the molar concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 2-2.5 mol/L.
9. The comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water body according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the spherical water body improver comprises:
(1) boiling sterile water, adding brown sugar to obtain uniform solution, sterilizing the solution with ultraviolet rays, cooling to 30-35 deg.C, adding the compound bacteria agent to obtain bacteria solution;
(2) crushing the carrier, sieving the crushed carrier with a 200-mesh sieve, sterilizing, washing the crushed carrier with 70% ethanol solution for three times, washing the washed carrier with phosphoric acid buffer solution for three times, drying the washed carrier at 70-80 ℃, slowly dripping bacterial liquid into the washed carrier, granulating the mixture on a disc granulator, and fumigating and fixing the obtained semi-finished product of the modifying agent with starved acid to obtain the finished product of the spherical water modifying agent.
10. The comprehensive improvement method of eutrophic water body according to claim 9, wherein the molar concentration of the phosphate buffer solution is 20 to 30 mmol/L.
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| CN111847642B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-07-05 | 桂林理工大学 | Water treatment microorganism high flow carrier material, preparation method and water treatment method |
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