CN113697960A - Method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water body by using aquatic plants and photosynthetic bacteria - Google Patents
Method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water body by using aquatic plants and photosynthetic bacteria Download PDFInfo
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- CN113697960A CN113697960A CN202110844803.5A CN202110844803A CN113697960A CN 113697960 A CN113697960 A CN 113697960A CN 202110844803 A CN202110844803 A CN 202110844803A CN 113697960 A CN113697960 A CN 113697960A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000267222 Brasenia schreberi Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000006506 Brasenia schreberi Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000207740 Lemna minor Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006439 Lemna minor Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000111146 Sonchus arvensis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008132 Sonchus arvensis ssp. uliginosus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009328 Amaranthus caudatus Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 241000195940 Bryophyta Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241001146155 Emilia Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019049 Emilia coccinea Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000169657 Hyptis suaveolens Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000004185 Hyptis suaveolens Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000005321 Marrubium vulgare Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 9
- 241000169203 Eichhornia Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000001855 Portulaca oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241001123263 Zostera Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000241463 Cullen corylifolium Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000201295 Euphrasia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000192710 Microcystis aeruginosa Species 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000543445 Vallisneria spiralis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003619 algicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/14—NH3-N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/22—O2
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/26—H2S
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in a water body by using aquatic plants and photosynthetic bacteria, belonging to the technical field of restoration and treatment of eutrophic water bodies. Mixedly culturing submerged plants and floating plants in a water body, and planting eichhornia crassipes in a water area surrounding the bank; photosynthetic bacteria are added periodically after the aquatic plants are planted. N, P is removed from eutrophic water body by using photosynthetic bacteria and aquatic plants. Planting aquatic plants in a water body to enable the aquatic plants to adsorb phosphorus in the water body and reduce the total phosphorus content in the water body; the photosynthetic bacteria can promote the dissolved oxygen of the water body, promote the growth of aquatic plants and reduce the content of ammonia nitrogen in the water body; the method can be widely applied to the phosphorus control of natural water with more nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salts in rivers and lakes, the water quality purification of artificial wetlands, the deep purification of tail water of sewage treatment plants, and the upgrading and reconstruction of water plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of restoration and treatment of eutrophic water bodies, and particularly relates to a method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in a water body by using aquatic plants and photosynthetic bacteria.
Background
China is a plurality of lake countries, and the total number of nations is 1km2About one third of the above 2759 lakes, which are shallow lakes, are already eutrophicated or in eutrophication in most of them due to the rapid economic development and inappropriate exploitation and utilization of lake resources in the last 20 years. The eutrophication of the urban landscape water body is not ignored. The shortage of fresh water resources is increased, the reclaimed water becomes one of important water replenishing sources of urban landscape water bodies, but according to the water quality for urban sewage recycling landscape environment (GB/T18921-2002), the reclaimed water of an urban sewage treatment plant is found to be used for landscape water bodies, the background value of pollutants in the reclaimed water is relatively high, particularly the total phosphorus and nitrogen content is high, the dilution self-purification capacity of the water body is poorer than that of a natural water body, and the occurrence of eutrophication of the urban landscape water bodies is increased. The slow flow river channel, the small reservoir, the wetland and the pond are also subjected to industrial and agricultural point and non-point source pollution, and the eutrophication degree is not optimistic.
For water eutrophication, various countries and regions adopt different methods to control and repair the eutrophication. At present, the conventional restoration and treatment modes of eutrophication of water bodies mainly comprise three modes: dredging sediment by a physical mode, adding a medicament by a chemical mode, planting aquatic plants by a biological mode and the like. The physical mode is as follows: sediment dredging is a common treatment method. However, the phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen in a certain deep layer of the nutritive salt are possibly higher than the surface layer, so that the eutrophication degree of the water body is more serious after dredging, and the expected water environment ecological restoration purpose cannot be achieved. Dredging depth is also a concern. Therefore, the distribution and characteristics of the sediment need to be investigated before dredging, and the reasonable design of the engineering quantity leads to higher dredging and processing costs. The chemical mode is as follows: the water body is controlled and regulated by adding coagulant, algaecide and other medicaments. Although the water body can be transparent to a certain extent, and the water quality is improved, the long-term use of the water body can accelerate the aging of lakes, thereby causing new ecological problems. And therefore is generally used only for emergency measures. The biological mode comprises the following steps: the purpose of improving the water environment is achieved by planting aquatic plants. The aquatic plant is used as an important component of a water ecosystem and one of main primary producers, and plays a role in regulating and controlling the material circulation and energy transfer of the water ecosystem. The aquatic plant has the function of purifying eutrophic water body, and comprises the steps that the plant (leaves, stems and the like) captures particulate matters in the water body so that the particulate matters are adsorbed on the periphery of the leaves and absorbed and assimilated by attached organisms; or the suspended substances are deposited to the bottom of the lake (eliminating granular nutritive salt) and are not suspended again; or adsorption of the plant root system.
However, it should be noted that in eutrophic water, under appropriate conditions, aquatic plants tend to grow in large quantities and spread over the entire water surface, resulting in reduced transmitted light and dissolved oxygen in the water. Moreover, the aquatic plants compete with each other in species and in seeds, resulting in death and decay of the plants and deterioration of water quality. In addition, after the growth period is finished, the aquatic plants die a lot, and nutrient salts absorbed and assimilated in the growth period are released back to the water body again, so that secondary pollution is caused, and the eutrophication degree of the water body is aggravated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in a water body by using aquatic plants to cooperate with photosynthetic bacteria.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water body by using aquatic plant and photosynthetic bacteria comprises polyculturing submerged plant and floating plant in water body, and planting Eichhornia crassipes in water area around bank; photosynthetic bacteria are added periodically after the aquatic plants are planted. The water hyacinth and the aquatic plants are planted in a combined mode, the polluted water body is purified by the aquatic plants, and the photosynthetic bacteria are matched to remove ammonia nitrogen in the water body, so that the operation is simple, the cost is low, and the application value is good. The ecological environment of healthy water is constructed, the water landscape is improved, the water quality is improved, the maintenance is simple and convenient, the effect is durable, and the ecological environment has great application potential.
The method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body by using the aquatic plants and the photosynthetic bacteria is characterized in that the photosynthetic bacteria are put in every 10-15 days.
The method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water by using aquatic plants in cooperation with photosynthetic bacteria comprises the following steps of using submerged plants to remove nitrogen and phosphorus in water, using the submerged plants to be any one of eel grass, golden carp algae or malus veronica, and using the submerged plants to be any one of duckweed and water shield.
The method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body by using the aquatic plants in cooperation with the photosynthetic bacteria has the following planting density: the density of the water hyacinth is 10-20 buds/cluster and 15-20 clusters/square meter; the density of the submerged plant is 15-20 buds/clump and 20-30 clumps/square meter; the density of the floating plants is 27-33 buds/clump and 30-35 clumps/square meter.
According to the method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body by using the aquatic plants in cooperation with the photosynthetic bacteria, the submerged plants are harvested once every 15-20 days except winter, and the harvesting amount accounts for 15-25% of the total amount of the submerged plants; the floating plants are harvested every 5-8 days except in winter, and the harvesting amount accounts for 25-35% of the total floating plants.
According to the method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body by using the aquatic plants and the photosynthetic bacteria, the photosynthetic bacteria are put into the water body in sunny days and cannot be used with the disinfectant and the pesticide at the same time; when the water is splashed, the water is directly melted and splashed, and the box is opened before use and needs to be placed in a dark and cool place.
The method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water by using the aquatic plants in cooperation with the photosynthetic bacteria is characterized in that the photosynthetic bacteria and the bacillus are used in cooperation, wherein 100g of the bacillus is added into each liter of light and the bacteria.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the water hyacinth is planted in the water area close to the bank, so that the water hyacinth has a good dephosphorization effect and can purify the water body; the submerged plants and the floating plants are matched with photosynthetic bacteria to purify the water body, so that the effect of removing nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body is better.
(2) The method has the advantages of simple operation, low cost and good application value, the photosynthetic bacteria belong to harmless bacteria, harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite and hydrogen sulfide are absorbed and converted, the dissolved oxygen in the water body is increased, the photosynthetic bacteria can promote the growth of beneficial unicellular algae such as diatom, green alga and golden alga, inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful algae such as blue alga and effectively avoid the generation of 'water bloom'.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with examples are described in detail below.
Example 1
Mixedly culturing the sowthistle and the water shield in a water body with TP concentration of 0.3mg/L and TN concentration of 6mg/L, and planting the water hyacinth in a water area around the bank. The density of the water hyacinth is 12 buds/clump, 15 clumps/square meter, the density of the tape grass is 15 buds/clump, 23 clumps/square meter, the density of the water shield is 28 buds/clump, 33 clumps/square meter.
The eel grasses are harvested every 15 days except winter, the harvesting amount accounts for 20% of the total submerged plant amount, and the eel grasses are harvested every 15 days in the summer. The water shield is harvested every 5 days except winter, and the harvesting amount accounts for 30% of the total floating plants.
And (3) putting photosynthetic bacteria: uniformly sprinkling 2L of light and 1:1 of bacteria mixed water in each mu (water depth of 1 m) into the aquatic plant planting blocks. If the TP, TN were observed to drop less than 10% within 3 days after several days. The water can be sprayed once.
Example 2
The water with TP concentration of 0.4mg/L and TN concentration of 7mg/L is mixed with the eyebright herb and the duckweed, and the water area around the bank is planted with the water hyacinth. The density of Eichhornia crassipes is 20 buds/clump and 20 clumps/square meter, the density of Malaytea scurfpea is 20 buds/clump and 30 clumps/square meter, and the density of duckweed is 33 buds/clump and 35 clumps/square meter.
In examples 1 and 2, the water temperature of the water body was controlled to 15 to 20 ℃, the pH in the water body had an effect on the index of COD removal when the photosynthetic bacteria acted, and the pH > 8 lowered the effect, so the pH was controlled to be within 8. Culturing for 30 days, measuring TP and TN values of water every 10 days, and adding photosynthetic bacteria every 10 days. The results are shown in Table 1. TP and TN in the water bodies of the embodiments 1 and 2 are reduced in different degrees, the concentration of TP in the water body is obviously reduced in 10 days, and the concentration of TN is obviously reduced. After 20 days of culture, the TP in the water body of the examples 1 and 2 almost achieves the removal effect. After the culture is carried out for 30 days, the concentration of TP and TN in the water body is increased in the embodiment 2, and the observation of the shape of the plant is combined, so that the concentration of TP and TN in the water body is increased by withering part of the plant.
Table 1 concentration of TP, TN in water bodies of example 1 and example 2
Claims (7)
1. A method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water body by using aquatic plants and photosynthetic bacteria is characterized in that submerged plants and floating plants are mixedly cultured in the water body, and eichhornia crassipes is planted in a water area surrounding the bank; photosynthetic bacteria are added periodically after the aquatic plants are planted.
2. The method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in a water body by using aquatic plants matched with photosynthetic bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photosynthetic bacteria are thrown once every 10-15 days.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the submerged plant is selected from the group consisting of sowthistle tasselflower, hornworts and horehound, and the submerged plant is selected from the group consisting of lemna minor and brasenia schreberi.
4. The method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in a water body by using aquatic plants matched with photosynthetic bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting density of the aquatic plants is as follows: the density of the water hyacinth is 10-20 buds/cluster and 15-20 clusters/square meter; the density of the submerged plant is 15-20 buds/clump and 20-30 clumps/square meter; the density of the floating plants is 27-33 buds/clump and 30-35 clumps/square meter.
5. The method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in a water body by using aquatic plants matched with photosynthetic bacteria as claimed in claim 1, wherein the submerged plants are harvested every 15-20 days except winter, and the harvesting amount accounts for 15-25% of the total amount of the submerged plants; the floating plants are harvested every 5-8 days except in winter, and the harvesting amount accounts for 25-35% of the total floating plants.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the photosynthetic bacteria are thrown into the water on a sunny day and cannot be used with disinfectants or pesticides; when the water is splashed, the water is directly melted and splashed, and the box is opened before use and needs to be placed in a dark and cool place.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the photosynthetic bacteria are used in combination with bacillus, wherein 100g of bacillus is added per liter of light and bacteria.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110721257 | 2021-06-28 | ||
| CN2021107212576 | 2021-06-28 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113697960A true CN113697960A (en) | 2021-11-26 |
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| CN202110844803.5A Pending CN113697960A (en) | 2021-06-28 | 2021-07-26 | Method for removing nitrogen and phosphorus in water body by using aquatic plants and photosynthetic bacteria |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN114436403A (en) * | 2022-01-15 | 2022-05-06 | 北京林业大学 | Method for improving water quality purification capacity of grass type shallow lake wetland based on harvesting of submerged plants |
| CN114455774A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-05-10 | 河南中汇环保科技有限公司 | Ecological safety flocculant water transparency improving method |
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Application publication date: 20211126 |