CN102432107A - Biological integrated purification process for governing black and odorous river channels - Google Patents
Biological integrated purification process for governing black and odorous river channels Download PDFInfo
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- CN102432107A CN102432107A CN2011102385611A CN201110238561A CN102432107A CN 102432107 A CN102432107 A CN 102432107A CN 2011102385611 A CN2011102385611 A CN 2011102385611A CN 201110238561 A CN201110238561 A CN 201110238561A CN 102432107 A CN102432107 A CN 102432107A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention discloses a biological integrated purification process for governing black and odorous river channels, which comprises the following steps that: (1) carrying out substrate pre-treatment; (2) building a plant zone; (3) building a water sinking plant colony; (4) supplementing a water source and stocking aquatic animals; (5) carrying out maintenance and management. The traditional aquatic plants are used for realizing the effect of purifying the water quality, in addition, decomposers of microbes in the ecosystem are sufficiently utilized, and the blank and odorous substances can be fast decomposed, absorbed and converted at high efficiency through the microbes. Through the matched use of the aquatic plants and the microbes, the pollutant removal efficiency is maximized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biological synthesis purification techniques that is used for polluted river channel, relate to a kind of purification process of administering the biological synthesis in black smelly river course particularly.
Background technology
At present, along with the raising of development of city and industrial and agricultural production level, the river course river pollution is serious day by day in the city, and black smelly phenomenon is obvious, has had a strong impact on the civic living environment.Cause the black smelly reason in river course to mainly contain:
1 pollution load is overweight.Because it is not in place that sewage network is built; The row of stealing omits in printing serious; A large amount of trade effluents, sewage, rainwater, rubbish and the unprocessed river course that directly enters of farmland chemical fertilizer make organic pollution load considerably beyond the self-purification capacity of water body itself, cause the water body severe depletion of oxygen.
2 nourishment sourcves are contaminated, and the bed mud deposition is serious.Be used for diversion and change the water source existence pollution of water itself, can't recover black smelly river course through changing water to making, through long-term accumulation, the bed mud alluvial seriously.
3 river courses are mobile poor.Owing to urban construction, box culvert setting or some other reason, a lot of water systems are not smooth, and are mobile poor, cause the easy anoxic in river course, further worsen water quality.
4 river course aquatic ecosystems destroy.Because it is seriously polluted; The original biology in river course (comprising plant, animal and mikrobe) structure of community is destroyed even is destroyed fully, and water body self detergent power disappears, thereby organic pollutant can't in time be degraded; Water body generation eutrophication; Make alga eruption, form vicious cycle, further worsen water quality.
At present, mainly rely on public works to accomplish, comprise and cut dirty, desilting and change method such as water for the improvement in black smelly river course.This method can be alleviated for the moment black smelly problem, but because of engineering does not have follow-up restoration of the ecosystem, the river course self-purification capacity is not recovered, and runs up to a certain degree when external source sewage flows into the river course, and it is smelly that the river course again can blackening.
Utilization biological synthesis purification techniques; Promptly through making up complete river channel ecology system; Rely on mikrobe, waterplant, animal oneself efficiently detergent power to administer the application in black smelly river course not extensive, what have also is confined to single artificial swamp improvement method, purification system lacks species diversity; Be subject to external environmental interference and influence, do not reach effect steady in a long-term.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of biological synthesis purification process of administering black smelly river course, this technology combines public works to construct, and the water quality in black smelly river course is purified, and can keep water quality steady in a long-term.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
Taking into full account under the prerequisite of project environment; Through selecting the different waterplant of plantation, stocked carp, zooplankton, zoobenthos and useful microbe population; Science makes up artificial aquatic ecosystem; Make black smelly river course recover the self-purification capacity of water body gradually, thereby reach the long-range purpose of " the biological water of supporting purifies water ".
A kind of biological synthesis purification process of administering black smelly river course, this technology comprises the steps:
(1) substrate pre-treatment: after black smelly channel cleanout is accomplished, substrate is carried out pre-treatment, and the substrate improvement microbial preparation of splashing, improve substrate;
(2) make up the vegetation zone: make up ecological revetment in black two sides, smelly river course, the plantation emergent makes up the vegetation zone to make up biological floating bed mode;
(3) make up submerged plant group: on black smelly river course substrate, banket, on soil, plant planting submerged plant group;
(4) nourishment source with put hydrocoles in a suitable place to breed: in black smelly river course; The moisturizing water source is carried out discharging water after the simple pre-treatment; With oxygenating machine water body being carried out aeration then handles; Put hydrocoles in a suitable place to breed, the microbial compound preparation of splashing, said hydrocoles comprises filter-feeding fish, predacious fish and zoobenthos;
(5) maintenance management: sampling detects to water quality, forms according to food chain in the corresponding index adjustment ecosystem, comprises the control of hydrocoles quantity and ratio, the kind collocation of waterplant, harvesting in time.
Another aspect of the present invention, the substrate pre-treatment is for to kill germ, worm's ovum harmful organism in the soil with unslaked lime in the said step 1.
Another aspect of the present invention; Ecological revetment is with fixing two sides, the river natures gentle slope of timber in the said step 2; Planting aquatic plants on the said ecological revetment prevents two sides earth by rain drop erosion with this, and wherein said waterplant comprises emergent and floatingleaved plant; Said biological floating bed by floating fixedly timber of bed, a floating bed framework, floating bed plant plantation matrix, waterplant composition.
Another aspect of the present invention, submerged plant is one or more in black algae, waterweed, water caltrop, hornwort, the eel grass in the said step 3, the density of wherein said black algae, waterweed, water caltrop, hornwort and eel grass is 20 clumps/m
2, every clump of 4-5 strain.
Another aspect of the present invention; The water source pre-treatment is to stop swimmer rubbish to flow into the river course through the block method in the said step 4; Said filter-feeding fish is the silver carp bighead; Said predacious fish is snakehead and mandarin fish, and said zoobenthos is screw, freshwater mussel and spiral shell, and wherein said filter-feeding fish and predacious fish are 30g/m
3, said screw, freshwater mussel and spiral shell are 10g/m
3Another aspect of the present invention, the microbial compound preparation described in the said step 4 comprise photosynthetic bacterium, nitrobacteria, genus bacillus, yeast and sulfuration bacterium.Another aspect of the present invention, the concentration of said microbial compound preparation>=1.0 * 109cfu/ml, consumption is about 10ml/m
2, once a day, splash continuously 3 times.
Another aspect of the present invention, the water-quality guideline that detects in the said step 5 is CODCr, BOD5, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus.
Another aspect of the present invention, said emergent is power flower, yellow flag, rhizoma alismatis, mullet grass, Spiked Loosestrife, Canna generalis Bailey and watermifoil again.
The principle of work of this invention is described below: mud is removed through desilting work in the river course; Reduce unnecessary mud oxygen-consumption; And kill harmful organisms such as germ in the soil, worm's ovum with unslaked lime etc., avoid these harmful organisms that the plant-animal that make up in the ecosystem are caused infection.The substrate improvement microbial preparation of splashing is through molecular biological method Screening and Identification; Has the height specificity; Under the condition that is fit to, can breed in a large number; And objectionable impuritiess such as residual ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, hydrogen sulfide in the substrate of degrading rapidly, it is black smelly to eliminate the river course, and decomposing organic matter becomes the absorbable small-molecule substance of waterplant simultaneously.
Build ecological revetment and can effectively prevent of the soil erosion of nature gentle slope, and strengthen the river course landscape effect because of being caused by rain drop erosion.The waterplant root system of planting through biological floating bed mode can absorb in process of growth that plants such as nitrogen, phosphorus must supply it to grow by element in the river water body; Suspended substance and hazardous and noxious substances in ability absorption and the enrichment water body; Can effective slow water body flow velocity, promote the natural subsidence of water body suspended matter; For the mikrobe in the water body provides the habitat, and carry a large amount of oxygen, for condition has been created in a large amount of breedings of supporting mikrobe well to water body.
Plant planting submerged plant and not only can make up the natural landscape of forest in the water, and can be input to the oxygen that photosynthesis produces in the bed mud, effectively avoid the generation of black sordes matter through the diffusion of root system; The cauline leaf surface of submerged plant provides to mikrobe adheres to carrier, has created favourable condition for creating efficiently biofilm system; Submerged plant can also be adsorbed suspended substance, improves water transparency; Suppress algal grown through discharging allelochemical.
Put filter-feeding fish (like the silver carp bighead) in a suitable place to breed, can reduce the living weight of algae in the water body, improve the transparency of water body, improve illumination, help growth and the breeding of submerged plant, thereby more help the absorption and the removal of the nutritive salt in the substrate; Filter-feeding fish can promote simultaneously the increase of zoobenthos and chip in the water body, thereby has promoted food zoobenthos and the increase of eating the chip fish indirectly, helps the material cycle of water body and to the Water purification of water quality.The zoobenthos of putting in a suitable place to breed the fragmental products of can ingesting quickens the decomposition of chip, regulates the exchange of substance between bed mud and the water body, promotes the self-cleaning regulating effect of water body.Through maintenance management, in time gather in waterplant, fish for hydrocoles, can effectively nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metal element and organic substance be removed away from the river course system.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. the present invention uses the biological synthesis purification techniques that the river course is carried out purifying treatment, natural, ecological, and pollution-free, maintenance cost is cheap.
2. not only used traditional waterplant performance purifying water quality among the present invention, and fully used the decomposer-mikrobe in the ecosystem,, can decompose fast, absorb and transform and deceive sordes matter through mikrobe Decomposition efficiently.Waterplant and mikrobe collocation are used, and make the removal maximizing efficiency of pollutent.
3. in the ecosystem, throw in various hydrocoles, the food chain that improved the ecosystem can make each species counteract each other, and makes whole river course system keep persistent running balance, recovers original self-purification capacity, reaches effect steady in a long-term.
Embodiment
The exemplary embodiments that embodies characteristic of the present invention and advantage will be described in detail in following explanation.Be understood that the present invention can have various variations on various embodiment, its neither departing from the scope of the present invention, and explanation wherein is the usefulness of being used as explanation in itself, but not in order to restriction the present invention.
The black smelly river course that the selected Shanghai of the present invention bar need be administered is about 1000 meters, and is wide about 20 meters; Water surface height is about 2 meters, to its sewage draining exit cut dirt receive the pipe after, this section river is all drained; Thoroughly remove bed-silt,, or contain the soil of harmful composition simultaneously to the building spoir of unsuitable plant-growth; And strongly-acid soil, highly basic are native, solonchak, saline-alkali soil, heavy clay, sandy soil etc., all should adopt the technical measures of changing the soil of suitable planting or taking to improve the soil according to design code.
After use 100g/m
2The unslaked lime river course substrate of evenly splashing; Kill objectionable impuritiess such as germ in the soil, worm's ovum through exothermic effects; Play the pH value effect in the substrate of regulating simultaneously; Splashing of sterilizing agent should be evenly, do not omit, and guarantees that the soil in whole construction zone is all sterilized completely, splashes and will be exposed to the sun a week to the river course after finishing; After a week, evenly splashing, (original liquid concentration>=1.0 * 109cfu/ml), consumption is about 10ml/m to microbial compound preparation
2, once a day, splash continuously 3 times, to accomplish improvement, guarantee the foundation of the later stage ecosystem to the microbial environment of river course substrate.
Simultaneously the ecological revetment construction is carried out on the riverbank, with fixing two sides, the river natures gentle slope of timber, on plant again waterplant such as power flower, yellow flag, mullet grass, Spiked Loosestrife, cattail, calamus, parasol grass, nutgrass flatsedge, density is 20 strains/m
2Constitute ecological revetment, can absorb the nutritive substances such as nitrogen phosphorus in the river course, also can tackle and filter absorption, can also play certain landscape effect face of land runoff water.
Import and export both sides in the river course that needs make up the ecosystem and block and build and the pre-treatment facility, can prevent big rubbish such as swimmer entering river course, and the moisturizing water source is carried out pre-treatment.Moisturizing for the first time needs carry out based on the plantation progress of submerged plant, after the submerged plant plantation is good, begins water inlet, the 30-50cm of at every turn intaking, and be advisable in the interval in about 5-7 days, to guarantee the survival of submerged plant.
On the river course substrate, make up submerged plant group, select several kinds of dense planting in hydrilla verticillata, waterweed, water caltrop, hornwort and the eel grass, density is 20 clumps/m
2, every clump of 4-5 strain.Submerged plant is a whole ecological system core point, and it is with nutritive elements such as N, P in effective absorption water body, and through the breeding of nutritive salt competition control unicellular algae; Photosynthesis is in the water body dissolved oxygen to be provided on the other hand; Also can be hydrocoles the special ecological environment is provided, create environment variety and species diversity also need be considered the mutual linking in two seasons of summer in winter on submerged plant is selected simultaneously.
After moisturizing is accomplished in the river course, put silver carp summer flower and bighead summer flower in a suitable place to breed, every kind of about 30g/m of fish
3, and throw in a certain amount of spiral shell (about 10g/m
3), throw in the food chain that hydrocoles can be improved the ecosystem, the food chain formation food web that is cross-linked with each other.Food web is more complicated, and the ecosystem is stable more.
After water body is stable, on the water surface,, once a day, splash continuously 3 times in the ratio of the 5ppm microbial compound preparation of evenly splashing.Mikrobe has characteristics such as volume is little, surface-area is big, reproductivity is surprising, can be constantly and surrounding environment carry out exchange of substance fast, organism and toxicant are transformed.Sewage possesses the condition of microorganism growth breeding, thereby mikrobe can obtain nutrient from sewage, degrades simultaneously and utilizes objectionable impurities, thereby water quality is purified.
Suitably reseed, adjust according to the waterplant surviving rate after one month.Handle through this invention, wait the ecosystem of structure stable after, the river course can reach good landscape effect, gets ten sampling points and detects water quality, the MV of each index is COD
Cr15.32mg/L, BOD
55.14mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 0.57mg/L, total nitrogen 1.32mg/L, total phosphorus 0.238mg/L, all reached water environment quality standard IV class standard or better.
Those skilled in the art should recognize change and the retouching of under the situation that does not break away from appended scope of the present invention that claim disclosed of the present invention and spirit, being done, and all belong within the protection domain of claim of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. administer the biological synthesis purification process of deceiving smelly river course for one kind, it is characterized in that: this technology comprises the steps:
(1) substrate pre-treatment: after black smelly channel cleanout is accomplished, substrate is carried out pre-treatment, and the substrate improvement microbial preparation of splashing, improve substrate;
(2) make up the vegetation zone: make up ecological revetment in black two sides, smelly river course, the plantation emergent makes up the vegetation zone to make up biological floating bed mode;
(3) make up submerged plant group: on black smelly river course substrate, banket, on soil, plant planting submerged plant group;
(4) nourishment source with put hydrocoles in a suitable place to breed: in black smelly river course; The moisturizing water source is carried out discharging water after the simple pre-treatment; With oxygenating machine water body being carried out aeration then handles; Put hydrocoles in a suitable place to breed, the microbial compound preparation of splashing, said hydrocoles comprises filter-feeding fish, predacious fish and zoobenthos;
(5) maintenance management: sampling detects to water quality, forms according to food chain in the corresponding index adjustment ecosystem, comprises the control of hydrocoles quantity and ratio, the kind collocation of waterplant, harvesting in time.
2. according to the said purification process of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the substrate pre-treatment is for to kill germ, worm's ovum harmful organism in the soil with unslaked lime in the said step 1.
3. according to the said purification process of claim 1; It is characterized in that: ecological revetment is for the fixing natural gentle slope, two sides, river of timber in the said step 2; Planting aquatic plants on the said ecological revetment prevents two sides earth by rain drop erosion with this, and wherein said waterplant comprises emergent and floatingleaved plant; Said biological floating bed by floating fixedly timber of bed, a floating bed framework, floating bed plant plantation matrix, waterplant composition.
4. according to the said purification process of claim 1; It is characterized in that: submerged plant is one or more in black algae, waterweed, water caltrop, hornwort, the eel grass in the said step 3, and the density of wherein said black algae, waterweed, water caltrop, hornwort and eel grass is 20 clumps/m
2, every clump of 4-5 strain.
5. according to the said purification process of claim 1; It is characterized in that: the water source pre-treatment is to stop swimmer rubbish to flow into the river course through the block method in the said step 4; Said filter-feeding fish is the silver carp bighead; Said predacious fish is snakehead and mandarin fish, and said zoobenthos is screw, freshwater mussel and spiral shell, and wherein said filter-feeding fish and predacious fish are 30g/m
3, said screw, freshwater mussel and spiral shell are 10g/m
3
6. according to the said purification process of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described microbial compound preparation comprises photosynthetic bacterium, nitrobacteria, genus bacillus, yeast and sulfuration bacterium.
7. according to the said purification process of claim 6, it is characterized in that: the concentration of said microbial compound preparation>=1.0 * 109cfu/ml, consumption is about 10ml/m
2, once a day, splash continuously 3 times.
8. according to the said purification process of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the water-quality guideline that detects in the said step 5 is CODCr, BOD5, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and total phosphorus.
9. according to the said purification process of claim 3, it is characterized in that: said emergent is power flower, yellow flag, rhizoma alismatis, mullet grass, Spiked Loosestrife, Canna generalis Bailey and watermifoil again.
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